Ct In Latin America SEP 2012
-
Upload
anneblanchard2009 -
Category
Documents
-
view
604 -
download
0
Transcript of Ct In Latin America SEP 2012
![Page 1: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
21 countries, Area: 21 069 501 km2
Population: 590 million people
Heterogeneous population
Two major official Languages: Spanish and Two major official Languages: Spanish and Portuguese (Brazil)
Average Life expectancy 75 years
Population Concentrated in Major Urban Areas such as Mexico City, Sao Paulo or Buenos Aires
Source: www.paho.org and www.unep.net
![Page 3: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
GDP (Billionsof USD)*
Incomeequality (2000-2010)Gini Index*
Real GDP Growth (2010)*
Literacy Rate**
Brazil 2, 181.677 55.0 7.5 90%
Mexico 1,549.671 51 5.0 93%
Source: es.wikipedia.org (*)data.worldbank.org (**)
Argentina 632.223 48 7.5 98%
Colombia 429.866 58.5 4.7 93%
Perú 273.276 50.5 8.3 90%
Chile 257.546 52.0 5.0 99%
![Page 4: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Comparing Argentina/ Chile/Venezuela/Colombia and Peru:
�Peru suffers the most from communicable diseases, while Chile is atthe other end of the scale
�With the exception of Venezuela, the economies of all of the countrieshave bounced back strongly from the global recession
Source: Mark Doxey IMS Health, IHS Global Insight. BI00042-025 Report December 2011.
�Chile and Argentina boast the strongest economies, with respectiveper capita GDPs of $15,893 and $15,044
� Public healthcare systems in Chile and Colombia cover over 90% oftheir populations, the highest levels of the 5 countries examined
� Venezuela, which has free pricing, has among the highest drug pricesin the region at $12.33 per unit, compared with a regional average of$7.74
![Page 5: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Life Expectancy* years (2010)
Infant MortalityRate(2010)
Brazil 69 (men)76 (women)
21.9
México 73.1 (men)77.8 (women)
17.8
Source : * www.web.worldbank.org. **U.S. Bureau of Census, International Database.
77.8 (women)
Argentina 72 (men)79 (women)
11.1
Colombia 69 (men)77 (women)
16.9
Perú 71 (men)76 (women)
22.9
Chile 79 (men), 82 (women)
7.5
![Page 6: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
7 Major Players: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela
3 Top Markets: Argentina, Brazil and Mexico.
50 billion (2008) projected to 80 billion (2013)
Venezuela Argentina
Brazil Mexico
Peru Chile
Colombia 50 billion (2008) projected to 80 billion (2013)
Different growth between countries: •Government cost containment policies•Economic Stability a concern
Generics Drug Industry encouraged
Health Care reforms for more people to access Medication
Source : Julianne Lewis. International Regulatory Affairs. John Hopkins University
9% 11%
34%35%
3%3% 5%
Colombia
![Page 7: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Source: Mark Doxey IMS Health, IHS Global Insight. BI00042-025 Report December 2011.
![Page 8: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Country # open studies 3
Trend
Brazil 962
Mexico 439
Argentina 350
Country # open studies 3
Trend
Venezuela 21
Panama 32
Chile 190
Perú 153
Colombia 172
Costa Rica 12
Ecuador 17
Uruguay 13
Bolivia 8
Paraguay 3
Info captured as open studies in clinicaltrials.gov on (3) 24 Sep 2011 compared to 26 December 2011
![Page 9: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
1000
1200
Título del gráfico
Brazil
0
200
400
600
800
01-ago-10 01-ago-11 01-ago-12
Tít
ulo
de
l e
je
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Chile
Peru
Colombia
Info last captured as open studies in clinicaltrials.gov 24 September 2012 (Open Studies)
![Page 10: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Comparing Argentina/ Chile/Venezuela/ Colombia and Perú:
� Argentina leads the 5 countries in Phase IIand III clinical trial numbers
� The majority of trials were sponsored byinternational pharma companies
� Pfizer, Sanofi, GSK, Novartis are the mostactive companies by trial numbers acrossthe 5 countries
� International pharma have also establishedmanufacturing bases in several countries inthe region, especially in Chile
Source: Mark Doxey IMS Health, IHS Global Insight. BI00042-025 Report December 2011.
![Page 11: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Country # Inspections (% OAI)
Brazil 31 (0%)
Mexico 26 (19%)
Argentina 48 (2.00%)
Chile 9 (0%)
Peru 8 (25%)
Colombia 3 (0%)
Venezuela 2 (0%)
Panamá 2 (0%)
Costa Rica 9 (0%)
Ecuador 1 (0%)
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/CLIIL/, (updated 24 Sep 2012)
![Page 12: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1. Large, ethnically diverse population.2. Availability of treatment-naive patients in all therapeutic areas.3. Complementary to northern hemisphere sites for indications with seasonal variations (such asrespiratory diseases).4. Strong patient-doctor relationship, leading to good compliance & retention rates (minimal4. Strong patient-doctor relationship, leading to good compliance & retention rates (minimaldropout rates).5. Niche for emerging and neglected diseases.6. Many significant metropolitan areas with population concentration in big cities:
� Sao Paulo 11.24m in Brazil� Buenos Aires 13.82m in Argentina� Santiago 6.1m in Chile
(www.worldpharmaceuticals.net/editorials/013_march08/013_latin.pdf; http://www.ghf06.org/reports/35
![Page 13: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Region Recruitedsubjects/site/month2006
Recruited Subjects/site/month 2008
Latin America 2.2 2.3
Spain 1.6 2.2
France 1.4 2.2
USA 0.8 2.1
UK 1.0 2.1
Canada 1.2 1.2
Source: Leem- Leem Recherche. Place de la France dans la Recherche Clinique Internationale Enquete 2008. Paris 10 October 2008
![Page 14: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Region Number of Studies Analyzed
#of recruited subjects
% of recruited patients
Patients per million citizens
Latin America 161 23 341 7.5% 46
USA 181 40 433 12.9% 133.1
Australasia 185 9 653 3.1% 140.8
UK 173 16 873 5.4% 276.9
Canada 191 14 695 4.7% 442
Source: Leem- Leem Recherche. Place de la France dans la Recherche Clinique Internationale Enquete 2008. Paris 10 October 2008
![Page 15: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
� Quality proven regional vendors for support services: couriers, warehouses, regional and
national central labs, investigator meeting locations.
� Clinical Research Professionals Certification and Post Graduate, University Level, Clinical
Research Masters available locally for Physicians, Study Coordinators and CRAs since 2007.Research Masters available locally for Physicians, Study Coordinators and CRAs since 2007.
� Highly controlled regulatory environment, aligned and experienced with ICH-GCP guidelines
compliance (e.g. in Argentina and Brazil since 1996).
![Page 16: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
�Decreased travel to and from sites (densely populated cities).
� Multiple academic, public and private hospitals in small areas.
�Salaries and Professional fees for Researchers and medical procedures involved in
research highly competitive compared to those of USA/Canada/Europe.
�Reference Sites concentrating less prevalent diseases help optimize costs and simplify site
selection.
![Page 17: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
� Similar time Zone as the USA/ Europe (5 hour difference or less)
� Adequate communication & IT technology at most sites
� Presence of major pharmaceutical companies and CROs.
� Just two Languages spoken across the region: Spanish and Portuguese.
� Potential for growth of the Clinical Research activity.
� Clinical Research Professionals (Investigators and Sponsors) are organized to foster
training and shape regulations for an continuously improving environment for clinical
trials.
![Page 18: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
� Relatively fast accrual of patients.
� Smaller competition for patients compared to EU countries and USA.
� High prevalence of certain diseases and big reference institutions in densely
populated cities with a long research tradition.
� Climate, racial and social diversity.
� Research Ethics Committees meet ICH GCP standards.
� Specific legislation for Clinical Research continuously reviewed, keeping up to the
latest standards and technology.
![Page 19: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
� Disparities in economic resources and access to health.
� Most health research funded by industry.
� Significant treatment-naïve patient population.� Significant treatment-naïve patient population.
� Poor access to newly available (expensive) treatments and frequent requirement that
best proven treatment after the study to be provided at no cost.
� Placebo use rationale needed, Medical and Scientific opinion within the research
location a plus.
![Page 20: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
� Research Review Committees are improving: following up, independence, transparency,
competency, clinical research ethics and GCP training for members.
� Research dedicated infrastructure such as Phase I units and Biologics administration Research dedicated infrastructure such as Phase I units and Biologics administration
facilities. More are needed as research grows.
� Legal instruments at local or district level must synergize to stimulate research and
continue actual oversight and improve timelines.
� Focus on the question that the protocol needs to answer, not on the Investigator fees.
Follow up on protocol final results.
![Page 21: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Country Agency Website
Argentina www.anmat.gov.ar
Chile www.ispch.cl
Colombia www.invima.gov.co
Costa Rica www.ministeriodesalud.go.cr
Bolivia www.sns.gob.bo
Brazil www.anvisa.gov.br
Ecuador www.msp.gov.ec
Guatemala www.mspas.gob.gt
Mexico www.salud.gob.mx
Paraguay www.mspbs.gov.py
Uruguay www.msp.gub.uy
![Page 22: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Opportunities Challenges
CTA REVIEW PROCESS
•CONEP and ANVISA reviews are now parallel process in Brazil.•New electronic submission possible in Chile (ISP) and Argentina (ANMAT).
•Importation process in all countries may delay FPFV planned date.•Local valid Insurance policy is needed in Brazil and Argentina.
INSPECTIONS •ANMAT consolidates Inspections Information on Inspection performanceINSPECTIONS BY MOH
•ANMAT consolidates Inspections program and increases scope to sponsor/CRO overview, ISP (2008) and ANVISA (2009) program currently ongoing
Information on Inspection performanceresults not publicly available.
ETHICS/ ICF •ANMAT incorporates GCP compliance requirement for all Institutional IRBs reviewing research (6677/2010). •Ministry Of Health in Argentina issues 1480/2011 regulation, a practical guidance for Boards Reviewing Research.
•Questions about rational for placebo use and trial design by ANMAT/CONEP. •CONEP (Brazil) and ANMAT (Argentina) may require treatment availability after study at no cost.
![Page 23: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Early planning a must: always review processes and steps involved.
Selecting a CRO based in the region a plus: Regulatory affairs professionals native to the country, and familiar with culture, laws and regulations and standards.with culture, laws and regulations and standards.Be aware of local requirements on regulatory setup critical documentation.
Plan ahead, pick sites smartly and fit them into your strategy.
![Page 24: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Three major countries in Latin America, with a total population of 250 million people are:
� Brazil (190.732 million),� Mexico (113.910 million)� Mexico (113.910 million)� Argentina (40.091 million), � Peru (29.077 million)� Chile (16.503 million).
The region's ethnicity make up makes patient enrollment for any clinical study simpler.
![Page 25: Ct In Latin America SEP 2012](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042907/58e7c9b51a28ab0a228b5b69/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Blanchard & AssociatesBlanchard & Associates1172 South Dixie Hwy
Suite# 442
Coral Gables
FL33146
USA
TEL: +54 11 4553 2682/ 4554-9346
FAX: +54 11 4554 8933
Anne Blanchard, CCRA, CEO
www.blanchardyasociados.com.ar