CSSLS-B-1 Solar Shading Systems - rcs-india.in - Touch … Shading.pdf · designed products for the...

Solar Shading Louver Systems

CSSLS-B-1_Solar_Shading_Systems 8/29/12 10:18 AM Page 2

Mestek has a strategic alliance andexclusive licence agreement with ColtGroup USA. Mestek is the exclusivelicensee to produce and market the Coltdesigned products for the US market andall products are produced in the USA.

Additionally, Mestek’s Architecturalactivities include Linel and AWV. Theemphasis for these companies is inproviding products and solutions thatbeautify and improve the performance ofbuildings through Intelligent Envelopes™.

The movement toward sustainable buildingdesigns is being driven largely byenvironmentally-sensitive building ownersand/or their prospective tenants. As theseowners and their consultants weigh theirdesign objectives and alternatives, theyoften find that exterior solar shadingsystems are an ideal part of the "green"solution for their buildings.

An exterior solar shading system blocks a significant amount of the solar radiation from entering the building’s windows -which results in reduced HVAC installedcosts due to equipment down-sizing andreduces operating costs due to reducedcooling loads.

Indeed, some form of exterior solarshading is now part of the prescriptivedesign requirements in the new Standardfor the Design of High Performance,Green Buildings, except for Low-riseResidential Buildings (ANSI, ASHRAE’s,USGBC, IES 189.1).

SHADING LOUVERS

Solar shading louver systems are one ofthe most effective ways to reduce airconditioning loads, while offering designersthe opportunity for distinctive architecturalimpact.

Radiation from the sun is transmitted,absorbed and reflected by the louvers. As a result solar heat gain is prevented frompassing into the building. If an operablesystem is chosen, the adjustable louver swill track the position of the sunincreasing the systems shadingeffectiveness and further reducing glare.On overcast days, the operable louvers canbe opened to maximize the naturaldaylight into the building.

COLT’S OFFERING

n Computer modeling of the solar shading louver system including calculation of sunangles and reduction in solar heat gains by exposure throughout the year.

n All Colt solar shading louver systems are custom designed for your application and can be provided in various configurations, materials, finishes and coatings to meet each project’s requirements.

n Two control options are available for the operable systems – SolTronic III formost projects and the ICS 4-link for very large projects with additional functionality.

n All systems are durable with low maintenance needs.

COLT’S TRACK RECORD & CAPABILITIES

Colt has more than 40 years experience inthe design and supply of solar shadinglouver systems. Colt was the first toincorporate electricity generatingphotovoltaic cells into solar shadingsystems. Colt continues to build on thisexperience and has been providing solarshading systems for the US market since2006.

We offer an extraordinary range of solarshading systems from fixed to fullyoperable with a variety of carrier systems,materials and finishes.

Colt is dedicated to innovation and hascomprehensive design capabilities. Whilethis brochure provides a general overviewof our capabilities, we welcome theopportunity to develop solutions to satisfyyour unique requirements.

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Introduction


SOLAR GEOMETRY

The sun rises in the East and sets in theWest. The sun travels in an arc, reachingits highest altitude in the summer and itslowest altitude in the winter.

NORTH FACING FAÇADES

For predominately north facing façades inall but the lowest latitudes the façade willnot receive direct sunlight and solarshading is not required or beneficial froman energy perspective.

Shading louvers may be used for anasthetic look complimentary with the othersouth, east and west facing façades.

SOUTH, EAST AND WEST FACING FAÇADES

For a predominately South facing façade, a small amount of solar shading can beachieved using a fixed horizontal brisesoleil sunshade. In winter such a device,however, cannot stop direct rays from thesun penetrating the building’s windowssince the sun is much lower.

While passive solar heating at times isbeneficial, some might be surprised tolearn that the cooling loads on manysouthern-facing zones peak in the late fall/early winter due to the solarradiation.

With a predominately East or West facingfaçade, a fixed system will not performwell throughout the day as the altitude ofthe sun varies throughout the day.

Effective solar shading on the South, Eastand West façades can be achieved only byusing an operable shading louver systemon the building’s façade. The angle of thelouvers is adjusted throughout the day toprovide optimal shading.

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South North

West

East

SE

NW

NE

SW

Solar Altitude for21st June

Solar Altitude for21st Sept

Solar Altitude for21st Dec

Too much shading

Optimum shading

Too much glare,light passesthrough thelouver blades

8 am (5 pm)9 am (4 pm)

10 am (3 pm)

11 am (2 pm)

12 pm (1 pm)

8 am (5 pm)9 am (4 pm)

10 am (3 pm)11 am (2 pm)

12 pm (1 pm)

8 am (5 pm)

9 am (4 pm)

10 am (3 pm)

11 am (2 pm)

12 pm (1 pm)

Summer

Spring/Autumn

Winter

Vertical shadow angle (theprojected angle of the solar altitude)

South facing(Northern Hemisphere)


SHADOGLASS

Shadoglass are fixed or operable exteriorsolar shading systems that incorporateglass louvers. The louvers can be installedeither horizontally or vertically on thebuilding’s façade. A Shadoglass shadingsystem can significantly reduce solar heatgain while providing unobstructed viewsand natural daylight. With today’s glasstechnology, very effective shadingperformance can be achieved with glasslouvers.

Glass louvers are available in variouscolors, surface finishes, patterns andcoatings to meet specific designrequirements. This enables the designer tocontrol the quality of light entering thebuilding.

Features and benefits

n Available in widths up to a nominal 24".

n Available in unsupported spans up to a nominal 6.5', supported spans up to a nominal 13' (depending on wind loads and other design criteria).

n Wide range of colors, surface finishes, patterns and coatings (i.e. fritted).

n All principal support components are manufactured from corrosion-resistant extruded aluminum alloy with stainless steel fixings.

n Fully operable or fixed.

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Louver Materials& Finishes

Colt offers a variety of materials and finishes for the shading louvers – n Shadoglass – Glass with various colors, surface finishes, patterns and coatingsn Shadovoltaic – Glass with photovoltaic cells n Shadoprism – Non-specular prismsn Shadotex – Textile fabricsn Shadometal – Metal - solid or perforatedn Shadotimber – Timber wood


SHADOVOLTAIC

Shadovoltaic are fixed or operable exteriorsolar shading systems that incorporate glasslouvers with photovoltaic cells integratedinto the glass to generate electricity at thesame time as providing shading. Thelouvers can be installed either horizontallyor vertically on the building’s façade.

Both monocrystalline and polycrystallinecells are available. The photovoltaic cellsmay be integrated into the glass, either byattaching them on the underside of theglass louver or by laminating them betweentwo layers of glass. The glass panels areheat soak tested toughened glass with theedges treated to remove stress. Glassthicknesses of between a nominal 0.3" and0.6" are available. The glass specificationcan be tailored to suit each application.

Photovoltaic glass louvers are available invarious colors, surface finishes, patterns andcoatings to meet specific design requirements.


n Combines the functions of solar shadingwith the generation of electrical power.


n Available in supported spans up to a nominal 13' (depending on wind loads and other design criteria).

n All principal support components are manufactured from corrosion-resistant extruded aluminum alloy with stainlesssteel fixings.

n Fully operable or fixed. An operable BIPV system which tracks the sun’s position typically generates about 20% more electricity than a fixed system.


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8

SHADOPRISM

Shadoprism are operable exterior solarshading systems that incorporate non-specular prismatic plates.

The system is a transparent sun protectionsystem for façades and glass roofs thatprevents the ingress of the direct sun's heatinto the interior of the building and at thesame time lets through a maximum ofdiffuse daylight.

Total reflection of the daylight occurswhere the prism angle is 90° relative to thedaylight. This total reflection functionsonly within a very narrow range of angle.As such, the operating prismatic louverswill track the sun's position – reflectingthe maximum amount of direct sunlightwhile allowing in all the diffuse light.

On overcast days, the prism louvers can beopened to allow unhindered vision andmaximum natural daylight through theglazing.


n Highly effective shading performance with maximizing natural diffuse daylight into the building.


n Available in unsupported spans up to a nominal 6.5', supported spans up to a nominal 13' (depending on wind loads and other design criteria).

n All principal support components are manufactured from corrosion-resistant extruded aluminum alloy with stainless steel fixings.

n Normally operable.



SHADOTEX

Shadotex are fixed or operable exteriorsolar shading louver systems thatincorporate a unique, alternate solarshading solution. It consists of a specialfabric stretched between two sides of alouver support frame. The fabric ismanufactured with a weave to preventsolar glare and solar heat gain. The fabriccan also create attractive diffused lightand allow a degree of vision. The louverscan be installed either horizontally orvertically on the building’s façade.

This type of system is extremely lightweight which allows for very large spanswithout the need for additionalsupporting framework.


n A wide variety of fabric and color choices including PVC-coated polyester,Teflon glass fiber, silicon glass fiber and ETFE (colored, translucent or screen printed).

n High solar absorption and high solar reflection.

n Light weight construction – ideal for large spans.

n Good external visibility.

n Easy to clean as the fabric is typically resin/Teflon coated.



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Louver Materials & Finishes


SHADOMETAL

Shadometal are fixed or operable exteriorsolar shading systems that may be installedvertically or horizontally onto the building’sfaçade or roof, and incorporate metal louvers.Perforated, solid, curved louvers and otherconfigurations are available. The perforatedlouvers can also create attractive diffusedlight and allow a degree of vision.


n Available as standard in widths up to a nominal 16" in one piece construction and up to 41" in multiple (clipped together) construction.

n Available in unsupported spans up to a nominal 33' (depending on wind loads and other design criteria).

n Solid or perforated for improved visibility.

n Wide range of over 20 standard louver profiles.



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SHADOTIMBER

Shadotimber are fixed or operable exteriorsolar shading louver systems thatincorporate a unique, alternate solarshading solution. It consists of timberwood louvers, usually western red cedarwhich, if left untreated, ages to a silvery-grey tone. The louvers can be installedeither horizontally or vertically on thebuilding’s façade.

Alternatively, a simulated woodappearance can be provided onshadometal louvers through a dye-sublimation process which will remaincolorfast at the original appearance.

This type of system is generally intendedfor shorter spans without the need foradditional supporting framework.


n Although normally western red cedar, other types of timber wood can be provided.

n Ideal for shorter spans and thinner louvers.



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Carrier Systems

CARRIER SYSTEM 1

Intended for wider spans, carrier system 1incorporates a central aluminum torsiontube along the entire length of the louver,and is ideal for continuous facades, as wellas for roofs.

For glass louvers, cross sectional widthsfrom a nominal 12" to 24" are available.

This carrier system is also suitable for usewith a variety of louver materialsincluding glass, metal, fabric, timberwood, terracotta clay and translucentacrylic.

Colt offers a variety of carrier systems for the solar shading systems – n System 1 – Center pivot supported at various points along the length by a torsion tuben System 2 – Center pivot point-supported at the endsn System 3 – Center pivot continuously supported over the entire length by a torsion tuben System 4 – Back pivot point-supported at the endsn System 5 – Center pivot continuously supported at the ends

LS1 - 55

98.42"

11.81" - 19.68"

2.36"

0.39"

0 - 100o

2.17"

LS1 - 65A

129.92"

13.78" - 21.65"

2.36"

0.39"

0 - 100o

2.56"

LS1 - 65B

129.92"

16.54" - 23.62"

2.36"

0.39"

0 - 100o

2.56"

Dimensions

A (max)

B

C

D

Angle of rotation

Torsion tube dia.

A

C D

B

8.66"

11.81"

13.86"

65A

65B

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Note: Table to be used as a guide only. Allowable dimensions depend upon the specificrequirements of the project.

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Glass Parameters Table


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Carrier Systems

CARRIER SYSTEM 2

Primarily intended for shorter spans orwhere frequent anchor support points areavailable, carrier system 2 providesminimum obstruction from the louver sowhen used with glass louvers itmaximizes the natural daylight andenhances the views to the outside.

For glass louvers, carrier system 2 isavailable in cross sectional louver widthsof up to a nominal 20".


LS2-30

78.74"

19.68"

2.36"

0.39"

66.93"

0 - 100o

Dimensions

A (max)

B

C

D

E

Angle of rotation

8.66"

Plan view of LS2-30 bracket

E

A

CD

B

Note: Table to be used as a guide only. Allowable dimensionsdepend upon the specific requirements of the project.

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Straight carrier bracket


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CARRIER SYSTEM 3

Like carrier system 1, carrier system 3 isintended for wider spans and incorporatesa discreet central aluminum torsion tubealong the entire length of the louver. It isideal for continuous facades as well as forroofs.

For glass louvers, carrier system 3 offersspans up to a nominal 13 feet longwithout adding any additional supportingstructure and cross sectional louver widths up to a nominal 24".


LS3

157.48"

23.62"

2.36"

0.20"

0 - 100o

Dimensions

A (max)

B

C

D

Angle of rotation

A

CD

B

38 mm

Torsion Bar


Carrier Systems

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CARRIER SYSTEM 4

Carrier systems 1, 2, 3 and 5 are centerpivoted systems. System 4 provides aback hung end pivoted solution withhidden control mechanisms integratedwithin the main vertical mullion supports.This allows for seamless continuouslouvers with unobtrusive supports whenviewed from the outside.

For glass louvers, carrier system 4 offerssmaller spans up to a nominal 6 feet longand in cross sectional louver widths up toa nominal 24".

This carrier system is also suitable for usewith a variety of louver materialsincluding glass (with our withoutphotovoltaic cells), metal, fabric, timberwood, terracotta clay and translucentacrylic.

A

C

D

B

LS4

70.87"

13.78" min / 23.62" max

2.56"

0.39"

0 - 85o

Dimensions

A (max)*

B

C

D

Angle of rotation

Carrier Systems

90o

45o

0o

22


Note: Table to be used as a guide only. Allowable dimensions depend upon the specificrequirements of the project.* If spanning across an intermediate mullion, max 141.73".


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CARRIER SYSTEM 5

Carrier system 5 is a fully centeredpivoted system which provides maximumvisibility. Louvers are supported at eachend by a bonded and extruded end cap.

For glass louvers, carrier system 5 offerssmaller spans up to a nominal 6 feet longwithout any additional support work, incross sectional louver widths up to anominal 24".


LS5

70.87"

23.62"

1.97/2.36"

0.39"

0 - 100o

Dimensions

A (max)

B

C

D

Angle of rotation

A

CD

B


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Carrier Systems



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OPERABLE VERSUS FIXED SYSTEMS

Operable solar shading louversystems adjust the shading louver’sposition to provide the most effectiveshading. The benefits of increasedshading effectiveness and resultantenergy savings far exceed the modestcost addition between a fixed andfully operable system.

With operable systems occupantcomfort can also be enhanced as glarecan be lessened during bright days,while maximizing the natural daylightentering the building when overcast.Typically, multiple banks of louversare operated by linear actuatorsthough a system of levers and pushrods or by rotary actuators through asystem of worm gears.

Controls

SOLTRONIC III

The Solaronic III system can control up to15 groups of actuators (exposures) with15 actuators per group which is enoughfor the vast majority of systems.

ICS 4 LINK

The ICS4 Link system can beprogrammed with customer specificprograms. It can handle a very largenumber of exposures and actuatorsthrough the main control panel w/CPU(and sub-panels w/CPUs). The ICS4 Linksystem can be fully integrated with aBMS and offers remote access over theInternet, data logging and other data-driven operating flexibility/features.

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With both control systems, the actuatorstypically have a cycle time from fullyclosed to fully open of about 90 seconds.To fully calibrate/synchronize theactuators/louvers as there are slightdifferences in each actuators cycle time,each actuator is provided with a MSG.

At the initial commissioning, all theactuators will be cycled and the MSG willadjust the control of each actuator toaccount for the slight differences in cycletime to assure proper alignment of thelouver blades.

With an ICS 4 link system should aproblem with an operable system arise,Colt can investigate the problem remotelycommunicating with the control systemover the internet to trouble shoot mostproblems.


CONTROL FUNCTIONALITY

Colt operable shading louver systemsemploy a weather station to providemuch more functionality. The weatherstation (usually one per building) istypically installed on the roof andincludes:

n Lux sensor for brightness

n Wind speed sensor

n Water (rain/ice/snow) sensor

n Outside air temperature sensor

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In addition to management of the shadinglouvers positions though its sun trackingprogram, Colt’s control systems withweather station have many more features:

n The control systems have a relay to interlock with the fire alarm system. If there is a fire alarm, the louvers are driven to a fully open (horizontal) position.

n If the wind sensor indicates a wind speed in excess of about 25 MPH, the louvers will be driven to the wind safe position (the most effective wind safe position is 37 degrees down from horizontal).

n If the outside air temperature approaches 32º F per the outdoor air temperature sensor and water is detectedby the water sensor, the louvers are driven to the freeze protection position (slightly less than fully closed).

This is a major advantage of operable over fixed systems. Snow and ice can gather on a fixed blade (even at a 45 degree angle). This snow and ice can ultimately fall endangering the pedestrians below. With the operable system’s freeze protection position, thisconcern is greatly reduced.

Operable systems have another major advantage over fixed systems. The moving louver blades discourage birds from perching and nest building as opposed to a fixed system which does not.

n The control systems have a maintenanceswitch. If the maintenance switch is activated the louvers are driven to a fully open (horizontal) position for cleaning.

n The control systems have a 24-hour clock. If it is “after dark” the louvers are driven to their nighttime position (which could be anything from fully open to fully closed). From a nighttime “light pollution” perspective, the nighttime position would normally be fully closed.

n If it is an overcast day as sensed by the lux sensor (under 15k lux), the louvers will be driven to the fully open (horizontal) position. (As a comparison, a bright day might have a lux reading of 80k lux).

n If none of the above conditions are present, the control system will position the louvers automatically per the sun tracking software.


INSTALLATION

A wide variety of mounting optionsare possible including mounting theshading louvers directly to the curtainwall mullions or to the buildingstructure. The method to be used foreach project requires structuralanalysis and engineering to accountfor the dead weight, wind, snow andice loads. Please consult with us onthe most appropriate mountingmethod for your specific project.

Proper alignment of the mullions iskey to a smooth installation.

In some cases the louvers can befactory pre-assembled or “unitized” toreduce installation time.

In either case, the operatingmechanisms such as bearings, rodsand levers are typically factoryinstalled and aligned in the mullions.After commisioning, a capping piecewill be installed on the mullions toprotect these mechanisms from theelements.

COMMISSIONING

Proper commissioning by experts isessential. We recommend that ourstaff commission and certify thesystem.

MAINTENANCE

The actuators linkages and non-lubricatedbearings are free from routinemaintenance. An annual visual inspectionof the shading louvers should besufficient.

The actuators are tested to 10,000 cyclesin each direction (20,000 total).

Should a louver or window behind thelouver need replacement, Colt typicallyemploys a spring- bolt mounting designwhich allows for the removal of eachindividual louver independently avoidingthe need to remove all the preceedinglouvers within the row.

WASHING

The washing method to be used of thesurfaces of the exterior windows andshading louvers is normally anticipated inthe solar shading louver system’s design.A titanium dioxide coating can beprovided on the glass louvers to reducethe maintenance effort associated withglass cleaning.

A variety of window washing approachescan be accommodated.

n A bosun’s chair can be lowered between the exterior windows and shading louvers.

n The use of a working platform lowered between the exterior windows and shading louvers is a common approach. In some cases, rails or cradle runners are integrated into the mullions and supporting structure to guide the working platform. In other cases, outriggers can be provided to protect thewindows and shading louvers from the working platform.

n Catwalks can be incorporated into the structure supporting the shading louvers. This approach is less common due to the expense of the additional structural elements.

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Installation and Maintenance


FULLY OPERABLE AND RETRACTABLEVENETIAN BLINDS WITHIN A DOUBLEFAÇADE

Double façades are gaining in popularitydue to their energy savings. To increasethese saving further, Colt can provide largevenetian blinds that lower and track thesun’s position for maximum shadingeffectiveness. When the sky is overcast, theblinds can be fully retracted to maximizeviews to the outside and the naturaldaylight entering the building.

INSERTS

Shadometal louvers can be provided withthe ability to accept an insert to complimentthe other elements of the building’s façade.In this case terra cotta inserts were used tomake a striking architectural appearance.

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Custom Solutions

Colt is dedicated to innovation and hascomprehensive design capabilities.While this brochure provides a generaloverview of our capabilities, wewelcome the opportunity to developsolutions to satisfy your uniquerequirements. The following are a fewother custom solutions we haveprovided on selected projects.

TEXTURED LOOK

Varying the ceramic frit in a randompattern on the Shadoglass louvers cangive the building a distinctiveaesthetically pleasing textured look.

PHOTOVOLTAIC LOUVERS WITHINTEGRATED DAY LIGHTING

The Shadovoltaic (blue tinted) louvers inthe center of the shading louver systemgenerate power for the building’s use. Theirposition is constantly adjusted as thelouvers track the sun’s position to maximizethe electricity generated. The Shadoprismlouvers (white tinted) above and below theShadovoltaic louvers reflect directsunlinght, while allowing indirect light fornatural daylight into the building.


Portfolio of Selected Projects

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SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIACharlottesville, VAWilliam Sherman and SMBW ArchitectsOperable and Fixed Shadoglass

NEW YORK TIMES HEADQUARTERSNew York, NYRenzo Piano-Fox/ Fowle ArchitectsOperable Shadometal

NORTHWEST VISTA (ACCD) COLLEGE LIBRARYSan Antonio, TXOverland Partners ArchitectsOperable Shadometal

ONE RIVER TERRACEBattery Park, NYPolshek Partnership and Ismael Leyva ArchitectsOperable Shadovoltaics and Shadowmetal


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HAMILTON COLLEGEClinton, NYButler Rogers Baskett ArchitectsFixed Shadometal

PAPAGO GATEWAY CENTERTempe, AZSmith Group ArchitectsOperable Shadometal

ADVANCED ENERGY CENTER, SUNY STONYBROOKStonybrook, NYFlad ArchitectsOperable Shadovoltaics

NATURE RESEARCH CENTER – NC DEPARTMENT OFENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCESRaleigh, NCO’Brien/Atkins Associates Operable Shadoprism


101 Linel Drive, Mooresville, IN 46158 317.831.5314 P 317.831.9260 F

www.linel.co www.coltgroupusa.comwww.awv.com

CSSLS-B-1

MF 10 71 13 - Exterior Sun Control Devices


CSSLS-B-1 Solar Shading Systems - rcs-india.in - Touch … Shading.pdf · designed products for the...

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