CSI-09 COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
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Transcript of CSI-09 COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
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CSI-09 COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
AUTHOR - V. V. SUBRAHMANYAM
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COMPUTER NETWORK
Interconnected collection of autonomous computers.
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KEY ELEMENTS OF A NETWORK
MEDIA: Provide pathways over which data can travel
NODES: Provide a means for inputting and outputting data over the transmission media
PROTOCOLS: Provide the common set of rules for managing the network pathways and the flow of the data.
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TYPES OF NETWORKS
LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN) WIDE ARE NETWORK (WAN)
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LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
These are privately-owned networks within a single building or campus of up to a few kilometers in size. LAN’s are distinguished from other kinds of networks by 3 characteristics.
Size Transmission technology Topology
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METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)
It is a bigger version of a LAN and normally uses similar technology. It might cover a group of nearby corporate offices or a city and might be either private or public.
A MAN can support both data and voice
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WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
Wide area network (WAN) is a data communications network that covers a relatively broad geographic area and often uses transmission facilities provided by common carriers, such as telephone companies.
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SUBNET
Collection of communication lines and the routers form the subnet.
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POINT-TO-POINT LINKS
This provides a single, pre-established WAN communications path from the user premises through a carrier network to a remote network.
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CIRCUIT SWITCHING
It is WAN switching method in which a dedicated physical circuit is established, maintained and terminated through a carrier network for each communication session.
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PACKET SWITCHING
It is a WAN switching method in which network devices share a single point-to-point link to transport packets from a source to a destination across a carrier network.
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VIRTUAL CIRCUIT
It is a logical circuit created to ensure reliable communication between two network devices.
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WAN VIRTUAL CIRCUITS
Two types of WAN virtual circuits exist:
Switched virtual circuits (SVC) Permanent virtual circuits (PVC)
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SWITCHED VIRTUAL CIRCUIT
These are virtual circuits that are dynamically established on demand and terminated when transmission is complete.
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PERMANENT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT
It is a permanently established virtual circuit
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WAN SWITCH
It is a multiport internetworking device used in carrier networks.These devices typically switch such traffic as Frame Relay, X.25, and SMDS and operate at the data link layer of the OSI reference model.
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ACCESS SERVER
It acts as a concentration point for dial-in and dial-out connections.
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MODEM
It is a device that interprets digital and analog signals, enabling data to be transmitted over voice-grade telephone lines.
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CSU/DSU
A channel service unit/digital service unit (CSU/DSU) is a digital interface device that adapts the physical interface on a data terminal equipment device to the interface of a data circuit terminating device in a switched-carrier network.
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ISDN TERMINAL ADAPTER
It is a device used to connect ISDN basic rate interface (BRI) connections to other interfaces, such as EIA/TIA-232. It is essentially an ISDN modem.