CSCI 101 Looking at Computers: Understanding the Parts 1.
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Transcript of CSCI 101 Looking at Computers: Understanding the Parts 1.
CSCI 101
Looking at Computers:Understanding the Parts
1
You know you are living in the year 2014 when:
1. Your reason for not staying in touch with family is because they do not have a Facebook, Instagram or Twitter account. 2. Your 3 year old sibling can’t wait to get a phone so he/she can FaceTime his/her friends.
3. You just tried to enter your password on the microwave.
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Review1. The fundamental requirement for building
a computer is a a. vacuum tube b. processor c.
transistor d. switch2. Apple Computer was started by
______________3. Computers of the 1950's a. were very
large b. often broken c. were based on vacuum tube technology d. used lots of power e. all of the above
4. List the switches in generations 1-4 ____________
Objectives
3 Basic components of a computer system
9 Binary numbers
9 Encoding schemes and number systems
9 ASCII
9 Bytes and byte measures
7 Computer configuration
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Understanding computers
Computer / IT Fluency
Individual computers
The Basics
The Language
of Computers
Inside the System
Unit
Future Designer Laptop - ROLLTOP
ROLL TOP Laptop concept by futuristic laptop designers at Orkin Design
NotesThe Basics A computer is a The major functions of a computer are: Data vs Information:_______ is raw material such as
numbers, text, images, and sounds, in a form that is suitable for storage in or processing by a computer. Also know as ______.
_______ material that has been processed. Also know as ________ Software- a set of step by step instructions that tells the
hardware what to do. Also called______________
Examples: Hardware- the equipment associated with a computer.
The parts you can ____________
Examples:
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The Language of Computers
Electronic Signals
Binary DigitsIdentify things the computer
represents using binary digits
Number Systems
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Converting Binary to DecimalMultiply the digit by the place valueAdd to get the decimal number1111 0010
1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 Bit of Binary Number 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 Place Values 128 64 32 16 2 Add non zero values
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Binary in use
Colors◦http://www.psyclops.com/tools/rgb/
Letters and symbols◦Encoding Schemes: ASCII and
Unicode◦http://home.paulschou.net/tools/xlat
e/
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Encoding SchemesASCIIUnicode
A = 01000001a = 011000010 = 00110000
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SAY, WRITE, DO activities
1. Compare your notes2. Practice a. What decimal number is 1011 binary?
b. What decimal number is 100100? c. Decode the ASCII symbols written as hex
57 48 4F 57 49 4C 4C 42 45 31 53 54 3F
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The System UnitBox that contains the central electronic components of the computer
The Motherboard◦ CPU◦ Memory◦ Connections to other HW
Expansion Cards and slots
Drives (storage devices) and bays
Ports
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Identify 3 facts
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Processing on the Motherboard:
CPU Performance Measures◦Processor speed measured in hertz
(Hz) Megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz)
◦Number of cores Single Dual Quad Eight
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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How the CPU WorksMachine cycle
refers to series of general steps CPU performs◦Fetch◦Decode◦Execute◦Store
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Making CPUs Even FasterPipelining
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Optical Storage
Compact discs (CDs)◦Audio files
Digital video discs (DVDs)◦Store more
data than CDsBlu-ray discs
(BDs)
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Cloud Storage
Refers to using a service to store files on a computer accessible through the Internet
Types of Cloud Storage◦ Dropbox◦ OneDrive◦ iCloud◦ Google Drive
SAY, WRITE, DO activitiesLook inside a computerComputer Parts
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1. What are the 2 main types of electronic signals?
2. What’s the computer’s most used encoding scheme?
3. What numbering system does the computer use?
4. What is the most popular port?
5. Before the advent of electronic digital computers, a computer was a. a profession b. a slide ruler c. dream d. a calculator
6. What is known as the brains of the computer?
a. motherboard b. CPU c. RAM d. switch
7. Person known as the father of computers was a. Charles Babbage b. Bill Gates c. Steve Jobs d. Alan Turing
8. The first computer programmer was a woman. a. True b. False
Named?
9. In the 1940's, computers were used primarily by a. industry b. consumers c. business d. government
10.Bill Gates wrote a good part of this language, originally marketed by Microsoft. A. BASIC B. Altair C. DOS D. QDOS
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