October 30, 2016 Sam Siewert

CS415Human Computer Interaction

Lecture 10 – Advanced HCIUniversal Design & Intro to Cognitive

Models

Summary of Thoughts on ITSCollective Wisdom of Our Classes (2015, 2016)– Self driving Cars will become ubiquitous by:

– Revolutionary vs. Evolutionary from Driver Assistance2015 Class

– Evolutionary [3] – “cars will be fully self-driving once people get more used to assisted driving”, “I think it will continue to advance from driver assistance …”, “2015-25 – more driver assistance, 2025-35 – fully capable bad driving assistance, 2040 or so – fully (self)-driving cars”, “slowly evolve”

– Revolutionary [0] – Not much in engineering is revolutionary, it just appears as such from time to time to general public (they don’t know of our private toil)

2016 Class (TBD)– Evolutionary [TBD]– Revolutionary [TBD]

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Year 2020 2025 2030 2040 Out of2015 class 1 1 1 1 6

2016 class 0 1 3 1 5

AssignmentsAssignment #4 – Posted, Last Practice Lab (Cameras and OpenCV)

Assignment #5 – Propose Group Project (Groups of 3)

Assignment #6 – Project

Final Oral Exam – Presentation of Project

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This Week … Chapter 10 – Introduction to Universal Design– Making Computers Available to Everyone– Computer Solutions for Prosthetics– Active Learning Discussion – The Human Cyborg?

Chapter 12 – Cognitive Models– GOMS – Goal, Operators, Methods and Selection– Goal - describing what the user wants to achieve– Operators - basic actions that the user must perform in order to

use the system– Methods - several ways in which a goal can be split into sub-

goals– Selection – choice of method and prediction of which will be

used

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Assignment #4Use of Digital Cameras with Embedded Linux (V4L2/UVC/USB) - LinuxTV

Applications in Intelligent Transportation, Augmented Reality, Communications (e.g. Skype, Apple Facetime, WeChat)

Jetsons Have OpenCVinstalled (2.4 or 3.1)

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Laptop Demo of Example Transforms

Assignment #4 - ObjectivesPlay with the Cameras and Cheese First– Verify Hardware– Get a Feel for Performance– Capabilities

Learn about Camera Devices and Device Interfaces

Develop a Camera Application

Consider Processing for Display and Interaction

Human Aspects – Color, Frame Rate, Segmentation

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Assignment #4 DemoReal-time Camera Scene Analysis– Uncompressed, Un-encoded Camera Frames (Not MPEG)– Transforms RGB or Graymap XY Pixel Array Into Segments and

Major Components in Frames– Eliminate Backround (Difference of Frames – Current, Historical)– Segments Analyzed (Recognition) – e.g. Gesture (Thumbs Up,

Thumbs Down)

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Segmenting Linear Elements Segmenting Circular Elements

Universal Design and Embedded HCIChapter 10 – Introduction to Universal Design– Making Computers Available to Everyone– Computer Solutions for Prosthetics– Active Learning Discussion – The Human Cyborg?

Popular NewsTed Talk on Color BlindnessTed Talk – We are Already Cyborgs

Multi-modal Systems– Speech– Audio– Touch– Handwriting– Gestures

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Universal DesignDesign for Diversity– People with Sensory, Physical or Cognitive Impairment– Age Groups– Varying Cultures and Backgrounds– Localization – Languages

7 Principles of Universal Design1. Equitable Use – No User is Excluded2. Flexibility – Methods of Use, Pace, Precision, Ability3. Intuitive – Wide Range of Knowledge and Experience4. Perceptible Information – Graphic, Verbal, Text, Touch5. Error Tolerance – Minimize Impact of Mistakes (e.g. Undo)6. Low Physical Effort – Comfortable, Minimal Fatigue7. Size and Space – Sitting or Standing, Body Size, Posture,

Mobility Sam Siewert 9

SpeechGeneration – Text to Speech - SynthesisRecognition – Speech to Text, to Syntax and Semantics

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Speech RecognitionBetter Today, But Still in Limited Use

Google – Demonstration Page

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Speech SynthesisScreen Readers, Web Readers

http://www.bobby-approved.com/

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Uses for Speech Recognition and Synthesis

Where and When to Use

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Haptic InterfacesHaptics - Touch– Cutaneous (skin tactile sensations)– Kinesthetics – movement perception and position

Current Use – Surgical Training, e.g. LapSim

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Handwriting SystemsRecord – e.g. Signatures (FedEx, UPS, DocuSign, …)AOS Swipe in Settings (Hybrid Handwriting/Typing)Recognize Input– No Systems Provide General Cursive Script Recognition– Some Success with Character at a Time Input– Apple Newton (Limited Success)

Touch Screen Typing

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Apple Newton – Stylus PDA

Gesture RecognitionCameras (Active or Passive) with Depth Mapping, Segmentation and TrackingData Gloves – Rotation (Yaw, Pitch, Roll), Translation (X,Y,Z), Rates of Translation/Rotation, and Finger Flexures

Camera Alone, Glove Alone, or Sensor Fusion

Glove is Intrusive, but Improves Accuracy

Challenge – Full Speed American Sign Language Recognition

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3D Active Computational Photometry Concept (Rev-A + TI Kit)

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AnalogCamera #1

RGB(Visible)

Altera FPGACVPU

(Computer Vision Processing Unit)

MobileSensor Network

Processor(TI OMAP, Atom)

Networked Video

Analytics

HD DigitalCamera Port(Snapshot)

USB 2.0, PCIeHost Channels

Flash SD Card

AnalogCamera #2

(Near Infrared)

TI DLP Light-crafter Kithttp://www.ti.com/tool/dlplightcrafter

Depth Map

IR Pattern Projection

https://www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/aliaga/cs635-10/lec-structured-light.pdf

Photo credits and reference:Dr. Daniel Aliaga, Purdue Universityhttps://www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/aliaga/

3D Computer Vision TransformsLong Range ( > 5 meters) Using Passive Binocular Methods– Impractical to Project from a UAV or Long Range Observer– Requires Image Registration– Accurate Camera Intrinsic (Camera Characteristics) & Extrinsic (e.g. Baseline)

Short Range ( < 5 meters), Structured IR Light Projection for RGB-D– Compare to ASUS Xtion and PrimeSense – Off-the-Shelf– Robust Depth Maps with Less Noise– Showing Significant Promise to Improve CV Scene Segmentation and Object

Recognition Compared to 2D– “Change Their Perception”, By Xiaofeng Ren, Dieter Fox, and Kurt Konolige,

IEEE RAS, December 2013.

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Noise in Passive Depth Maps

Robust Active Depth Map“Change Their Perception”, By Xiaofeng Ren, Dieter Fox, and Kurt Konolige, IEEE RAS, December 2013.

Design for Users with DisabilitiesMinority of Market, but Support Required

Visual ImpairmentHearing ImpairmentPhysical ImpairmentSpeech ImpairmentCognitive Impairments – Dyslexia, Autisim Sam Siewert 19

Cultural and Age ConsiderationsElderly, Age 50+ TabletChildren, Kids Tablet – e.g. IPAD Mini 2, Amazon Fire Kids Edition, etc.Language Localization – Fundamental Translation, Keyboard, Graphics for Native Language Support

Cultural Differences – E.g. Nodding or Shaking Head in Agreement

Global Marketplace – High Value Today with Globalization

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Cognitive Models - IntroductionHierarchical Models – Task and Goal Structure

Linguistic Models – System Grammar

Physical and Device Models – Human Motor Skills

Cognitive Models – Combine All 3 of the Above

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