CS201 Solved MCQs .../MCQsCS201Solve.pdf · By: Muhamamd Naveed MC090405686 15.1 Answer each of the...

By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686

15.1

Answer each of the following:

a. Input/output in C++ occurs as ____________ of bytes.

b. The stream manipulators that format justification are_________,

_________ and _______.

c. Member function _________ can be used to set and reset format state.

d. Most C++ programs that do I/O should include the _________ header file

that contains the declarations required for all stream-I/O operations.

e. When using parameterized manipulators, the header file ____________

must be included.

f. Header file __________ contains the declarations required for user-

controlled file processing.

g. The ostream member function ___________ is used to perform

unformatted output.

h. Input operations are supported by class __________.

i. Outputs to the standard error stream are directed to either the

___________ or the ___________ stream object.

j. Output operations are supported by class ___________.

k. The symbol for the stream insertion operator is ____________.

l. The four objects that correspond to the standard devices on the system

include _________, _________, __________ and ___________.

[Page 805]

m. The symbol for the stream extraction operator is __________.

n. The stream manipulators ___________, __________ and ___________

specify that integers should be displayed in octal, hexadecimal and

decimal formats, respectively.

o. When used, the _________ stream manipulator causes positive numbers

to display with a plus sign.

15.2 State whether the following are true or false. If the answer is false, explain why.

a. The stream member function flags with a long argument sets the flags

state variable to its argument and returns its previous value.

b. The stream insertion operator << and the stream-extraction operator >> are

overloaded to handle all standard data typesincluding strings and memory

addresses (stream-insertion only)and all user-defined data types.

c. The stream member function flags with no arguments resets the stream's

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format state.

d. The stream extraction operator >> can be overloaded with an operator

function that takes an istream reference and a reference to a user-defined

type as arguments and returns an istream reference.

e. The stream insertion operator << can be overloaded with an operator

function that takes an istream reference and a reference to a user-defined

type as arguments and returns an istream reference.

f. Input with the stream extraction operator >> always skips leading white-

space characters in the input stream, by default.

g. The stream member function rdstate returns the current state of the

stream.

h. The cout stream normally is connected to the display screen.

i. The stream member function good returns TRue if the bad, fail and eof

member functions all return false.

j. The cin stream normally is connected to the display screen.

k. If a nonrecoverable error occurs during a stream operation, the bad

member function will return TRue.

l. Output to cerr is unbuffered and output to clog is buffered.

m. Stream manipulator showpoint forces floating-point values to print with

the default six digits of precision unless the precision value has been

changed, in which case floating-point values print with the specified

precision.

n. The ostream member function put outputs the specified number of

characters.

o. The stream manipulators dec, oct and hex affect only the next integer

output operation.

p. By default, memory addresses are displayed as long integers.

15.3 For each of the following, write a single statement that performs the indicated

task.

a. Output the string "Enter your name: ".

b. Use a stream manipulator that causes the exponent in scientific notation

and the letters in hexadecimal values to print in capital letters.

c. Output the address of the variable myString of type char *.

d. Use a stream manipulator to ensure floating-point values print in scientific

notation.

e. Output the address in variable integerPtr of type int *.

f. Use a stream manipulator such that, when integer values are output, the

integer base for octal and hexadecimal values is displayed.

g. Output the value pointed to by floatPtr of type float *.

h. Use a stream member function to set the fill character to '*' for printing

in field widths larger than the values being output. Write a separate

statement to do this with a stream manipulator.



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i. Output the characters '0' and 'K' in one statement with ostream

function put.

j. Get the value of the next character in the input stream without extracting it

from the stream.

[Page 806]

k. Input a single character into variable charValue of type char, using the

istream member function get in two different ways.

l. Input and discard the next six characters in the input stream.

m. Use istream member function read to input 50 characters into char

array line.

n. Read 10 characters into character array name. Stop reading characters if

the '.' delimiter is encountered. Do not remove the delimiter from the

input stream. Write another statement that performs this task and removes

the delimiter from the input.

o. Use the istream member function gcount to determine the number of

characters input into character array line by the last call to istream

member function read, and output that number of characters, using

ostream member function write.

p. Output the following values: 124, 18.376, 'Z', 1000000 and "String".

q. Print the current precision setting, using a member function of object

cout.

r. Input an integer value into int variable months and a floating-point value

into float variable percentageRate.

s. Print 1.92, 1.925 and 1.9258 separated by tabs and with 3 digits of

precision, using a manipulator.

t. Print integer 100 in octal, hexadecimal and decimal, using stream

manipulators.

u. Print integer 100 in decimal, octal and hexadecimal, using a stream

manipulator to change the base.

v. Print 1234 right justified in a 10-digit field.

w. Read characters into character array line until the character 'z' is

encountered, up to a limit of 20 characters (including a terminating null

character). Do not extract the delimiter character from the stream.

x. Use integer variables x and y to specify the field width and precision used

to display the double value 87.4573, and display the value.

15.4 Identify the error in each of the following statements and explain how to correct

it.

a. cout << "Value of x <= y is: " << x <= y;



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b.

c. The following statement should print the integer value of 'c'. d. cout << 'c'; e. cout << ""A string in quotes"";

f.

15.5 For each of the following, show the output.

a. cout << "12345" << endl; b. cout.width( 5 ); c. cout.fill( '*' ); d. cout << 123 << endl << 123;

e. f. cout << setw( 10 ) << setfill( '$' ) << 10000;

g. h. cout << setw( 8 ) << setprecision( 3 ) << 1024.987654;

i. j. cout << showbase << oct << 99 << endl << hex << 99;

k. l. cout << 100000 << endl << showpos << 100000;

m. n. cout << setw( 10 ) << setprecision( 2 ) << scientific <<

444.93738;

o.

Answers to Self-Review Exercises

15.1 a) streams. b) left, right and internal. c) flags. d) <iostream>. e)

<iomanip>. f) <fstream>. g) write. h) istream. i) cerr or clog. j) ostream. k)

<<. l) cin, cout, cerr and clog. m) >>. n) oct, hex and dec. o) showpos.

15.2 a) False. The stream member function flags with a fmtflags argument sets the

flags state variable to its argument and returns the prior state settings. b) False.

The stream insertion and stream extraction operators are not overloaded for all

user-defined types. The programmer of a class must specifically provide the

overloaded operator functions to overload the stream operators for use with each

user-defined type. c) False. The stream member function flags with no

arguments returns the current format settings as a fmtflags data type, which

represents the format state. d) True. e) False. To overload the stream insertion

operator <<, the overloaded operator function must take an ostream reference

and a reference to a user-defined type as arguments and return an ostream



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reference. f) True. g) True. h) True. i) True. j) False. The cin stream is connected

to the standard input of the computer, which normally is the keyboard. k) True. l)

True. m) True. n) False. The ostream member function put outputs its single-

character argument. o) False. The stream manipulators dec, oct and hex set the

output format state for integers to the specified base until the base is changed

again or the program terminates. p) False. Memory addresses are displayed in

hexadecimal format by default. To display addresses as long integers, the address

must be cast to a long value.

15.3 a. cout << "Enter your name: ";

b. c. cout << uppercase;

d. e. cout << static_cast< void * >( myString );

f. g. cout << scientific;

h. i. cout << integerPtr;

j. k. cout << showbase;

l. m. cout << *floatPtr;

n. o. cout.fill( '*' ); p. cout << setfill( '*' );

q. r. cout.put( '0' ).put( 'K' );

s. t. cin.peek();

u. v. charValue = cin.get(); w. cin.get( charValue );

x. y. cin.ignore( 6 );

z. aa. cin.read( line, 50 );

bb. cc. cin.get( name, 10, '.' ); dd. cin.getline( name, 10, '.' );

ee. ff. cout.write( line, cin.gcount() );

gg. hh. cout << 124 << ' ' << 18.376 << ' ' << "Z" << 1000000 <<

"String";

ii. jj. cout << cout.precision();

kk.



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ll. cin >> months >> percentageRate;

mm. nn. cout << setprecision( 3 ) << 1.92 << '\t' << 1.925 << '\t'

<< 1.9258;

oo. pp. cout << oct << 100 << '\t' << hex << 100 << '\t' << dec <<

100;

qq. rr. cout << 100 << '\t' << setbase( 8 ) << 100 << '\t' <<

setbase( 16 ) << 100;

ss. tt. cout << setw( 10 ) << 1234;

uu. vv. cin.get( line, 20, 'z' );

ww. xx. cout << setw( x ) << setprecision( y ) << 87.4573;

yy.

15.4 a. Error: The precedence of the << operator is higher than that of <=, which

causes the statement to be evaluated improperly and also causes a

compiler error.

Correction: To correct the statement, place parentheses around the

expression x <= y. This problem will occur with any expression that uses

operators of lower precedence than the << operator if the expression is not

placed in parentheses.

b. Error: In C++, characters are not treated as small integers, as they are in

C.

Correction: To print the numerical value for a character in the computer's

character set, the character must be cast to an integer value, as in the

following:

cout << static_cast< int >( 'c' );

c. Error: Quote characters cannot be printed in a string unless an escape

sequence is used.

Correction: Print the string in one of the following ways:

cout << '"' << "A string in quotes" << '"'; cout << "\"A string in quotes\"";

15.5 a. 12345 b. **123



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c. 123

d. e. $$$$$10000

f. g. 1024.988

h. i. 0143 j. 0x63

k. l. 100000 m. +100000

n. o. 4.45e+002

p.



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MC090405686



By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686

Self-Review Exercises

17.1 Fill in the blanks in each of the following:

a. Ultimately, all data items processed by a computer are reduced to combinations

of__________and__________.

b. The smallest data item a computer can process is called a__________.

c. A(n)__________is a group of related records.

d. Digits, letters and special symbols are referred to as__________.

e. A group of related files is called a(n)__________.

f. Member function__________of the file streams fstream, ifstream and

ofstream closes a file.

g. The istream member function__________reads a character from the specified

stream.

h. Member function__________of the file streams fstream, ifstream and

ofstream opens a file.

i. The istream member function__________is normally used when reading data

from a file in random-access applications.

j. Member functions__________and__________of istream and ostream, set

the file-position pointer to a specific location in an input or output stream,

respectively.

17.2 State which of the following are true and which are false. If false, explain why.

a. Member function read cannot be used to read data from the input object cin.

b. The programmer must create the cin, cout, cerr and clog objects explicitly.

c. A program must call function close explicitly to close a file associated with an

ifstream, ofstream or fstream object.

[Page 877]

d. If the file-position pointer points to a location in a sequential file other than the

beginning of the file, the file must be closed and reopened to read from the

beginning of the file.

e. The ostream member function write can write to standard-output stream

cout.

f. Data in sequential files always is updated without overwriting nearby data.

g. Searching all records in a random-access file to find a specific record is

unnecessary.

h. Records in random-access files must be of uniform length.



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i. Member functions seekp and seekg must seek relative to the beginning of a

file.

17.3 Assume that each of the following statements applies to the same program.

a. Write a statement that opens file oldmast.dat for input; use an ifstream

object called inOldMaster.

b. Write a statement that opens file trans.dat for input; use an ifstream object

called inTransaction.

c. Write a statement that opens file newmast.dat for output (and creation); use

ofstream object outNewMaster.

d. Write a statement that reads a record from the file oldmast.dat. The record

consists of integer accountNumber, string name and floating-point

currentBalance; use ifstream object inOldMaster.

e. Write a statement that reads a record from the file TRans.dat. The record

consists of integer accountNum and floating-point dollarAmount; use

ifstream object inTransaction.

f. Write a statement that writes a record to the file newmast.dat. The record

consists of integer accountNum, string name, and floating-point

currentBalance; use ofstream object outNewMaster.

17.4 Find the error(s) and show how to correct it (them) in each of the following.

a. File payables.dat referred to by ofstream object outPayable has not been

opened. b. outPayable << account << company << amount << endl;

c. The following statement should read a record from the file payables.dat. The

ifstream object inPayable refers to this file, and istream object

inReceivable refers to the file receivables.dat. d. inReceivable >> account >> company >> amount;

e. The file tools.dat should be opened to add data to the file without discarding

the current data. f. ofstream outTools( "tools.dat", ios::out );



a. Header ___________ must be included for class string.



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b. Class string belongs to the ______________ namespace.

c. Function ___________ deletes characters from a string.

d. Function ___________ finds the first occurrence of any character from a

string.

18.2 State which of the following statements are true and which are false. If a

statement is false, explain why.

a. Concatenation of string objects can be performed with the addition

assignment operator, +=.

b. Characters within a string begin at index 0.

c. The assignment operator, =, copies a string.

d. A C-style string is a string object.

18.3 Find the error(s) in each of the following, and explain how to correct it (them):

a. string string1( 28 ); // construct string1 b. string string2( 'z' ); // construct string2

c. d. // assume std namespace is known e. const char *ptr = name.data(); // name is "joe bob" f. ptr[ 3 ] = '-'; g. cout << ptr << endl;


18.1 a)<string>. b) std. c) erase. d) find_first_of.

18.2 a. True.

b. True.

c. True.

d. False. A string is an object that provides many different

services. A C-style string does not provide any services. C-

style strings are null terminated; strings are not

necessarily null terminated. C-style strings are pointers and

strings are not.

18.3 a. Constructors for class string do not exist for integer and



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character arguments. Other valid constructors should be

usedconverting the arguments to strings if need be.

b. Function data does not add a null terminator. Also, the

code attempts to modify a const char. Replace all of the

lines with the code: c. cout << name.substr( 0, 3 ) + "-" +

name.substr( 4 ) << endl;


17.1 a) 1s, 0s. b) bit. c) file. d) characters. e) database. f) close. g) get. h) open. i) read. j)

seekg, seekp.

17.2 a. False. Function read can read from any input stream object derived from

istream.

b. False. These four streams are created automatically for the programmer. The

<iostream> header must be included in a file to use them. This header

includes declarations for each stream object.

c. False. The files will be closed when destructors for ifstream, ofstream or

fstream objects execute when the stream objects go out of scope or before

program execution terminates, but it is a good programming practice to close

all files explicitly with close once they are no longer needed.

d. False. Member function seekp or seekg can be used to reposition the put or

get fileposition pointer to the beginning of the file.

[Page 878]

e. True.

f. False. In most cases, sequential file records are not of uniform length.

Therefore, it is possible that updating a record will cause other data to be

overwritten.

g. True.

h. False. Records in a random-access file normally are of uniform length.

i. False. It is possible to seek from the beginning of the file, from the end of the

file and from the current position in the file.

17.3 a. ifstream inOldMaster( "oldmast.dat", ios::in ); b. ifstream inTransaction( "trans.dat", ios::in );



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MC090405686

c. ofstream outNewMaster( "newmast.dat", ios::out); d. inOldMaster >> accountNumber >> name >> currentBalance; e. inTransaction >> accountNum >> dollarAmount; f. outNewMaster << accountNum << name << currentBalance;

17.4 a. Error: The file payables.dat has not been opened before the attempt is made

to output data to the stream.

Correction: Use ostream function open to open payables.dat for output.

b. Error: The incorrect istream object is being used to read a record from the file

named payables.dat.

Correction: Use istream object inPayable to refer to payables.dat.

c. Error: The file's contents are discarded because the file is opened for output

(ios::out).

Correction: To add data to the file, open the file either for updating (ios::ate)

or for appending



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MC090405686



a. A house is to a blueprint as a(n) _________ is to a class.

b. Every class definition contains keyword _________ followed immediately by

the class's name.

c. A class definition is typically stored in a file with the _________ filename

extension.

d. Each parameter in a function header should specify both a(n) _________ and

a(n) _________.

e. When each object of a class maintains its own copy of an attribute, the variable

that represents the attribute is also known as a(n) _________.

f. Keyword public is a(n) _________.

g. Return type _________ indicates that a function will perform a task but will

not return any information when it completes its task.

h. Function _________ from the <string> library reads characters until a

newline character is encountered, then copies those characters into the

specified string.

[Page 122]

i. When a member function is defined outside the class definition, the function

header must include the class name and the _________, followed by the

function name to "tie" the member function to the class definition.

j. The source-code file and any other files that use a class can include the class's

header file via an _________ preprocessor directive.

3.2 State whether each of the following is true or false. If false, explain why.

a. By convention, function names begin with a capital letter and all subsequent

words in the name begin with a capital letter.

b. Empty parentheses following a function name in a function prototype indicate

that the function does not require any parameters to perform its task.

c. Data members or member functions declared with access specifier private are

accessible to member functions of the class in which they are declared.

d. Variables declared in the body of a particular member function are known as

data members and can be used in all member functions of the class.

e. Every function's body is delimited by left and right braces ({ and }).

f. Any source-code file that contains int main() can be used to execute a

program.

g. The types of arguments in a function call must match the types of the



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corresponding parameters in the function prototype's parameter list.

3.3 What is the difference between a local variable and a data member?

3.4 Explain the purpose of a function parameter. What is the difference between a

parameter and an argument?


3.1 a) object. b) class. c) .h d) type, name. e) data member. f) access specifier. g) void.

h) getline. i) binary scope resolution operator (::). j) #include.

3.2 a) False. By convention, function names begin with a lowercase letter and all

subsequent words in the name begin with a capital letter. b) True. c) True. d) False.

Such variables are called local variables and can be used only in the member function

in which they are declared. e) True. f) True. g) True.

3.3 A local variable is declared in the body of a function and can be used only from the

point at which it is declared to the immediately following closing brace. A data

member is declared in a class definition, but not in the body of any of the class's

member functions. Every object (instance) of a class has a separate copy of the class's

data members. Also, data members are accessible to all member functions of the class.

3.4 A parameter represents additional information that a function requires to perform its

task. Each parameter required by a function is specified in the function header. An

argument is the value supplied in the function call. When the function is called, the

argument value is passed into the function parameter so that the function can perform

its task.



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MC090405686


6.1 Answer each of the following:

a. Program components in C++ are called ________ and ________.

b. A function is invoked with a(n) ________.

c. A variable that is known only within the function in which it is defined is

called a(n) ________.

d. The ________ statement in a called function passes the value of an

expression back to the calling function.

e. The keyword ________ is used in a function header to indicate that a

function does not return a value or to indicate that a function contains no

parameters.

f. The ________ of an identifier is the portion of the program in which the

identifier can be used.

g. The three ways to return control from a called function to a caller are

________, ________ and ________.

h. A(n)________ allows the compiler to check the number, types and order

of the arguments passed to a function.

i. Function ________ is used to produce random numbers.

j. Function ________ is used to set the random number seed to randomize a

program.

k. The storage-class specifiers are mutable, ________, ________, ________

and ________.

l. Variables declared in a block or in the parameter list of a function are

assumed to be of storage class ________ unless specified otherwise.

m. Storage-class specifier ________ is a recommendation to the compiler to

store a variable in one of the computer's registers.

n. A variable declared outside any block or function is a(n) ________

variable.

o. For a local variable in a function to retain its value between calls to the

function, it must be declared with the ________ storage-class specifier.

p. The six possible scopes of an identifier are ________, ________,

________, ________, ________ and ________.

q. A function that calls itself either directly or indirectly (i.e., through

another function) is a(n) ________ function.

r. A recursive function typically has two components: One that provides a

means for the recursion to terminate by testing for a(n) ________ case and

one that expresses the problem as a recursive call for a slightly simpler



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problem than the original call.

s. In C++, it is possible to have various functions with the same name that

operate on different types or numbers of arguments. This is called

function ________.

t. The ________ enables access to a global variable with the same name as a

variable in the current scope.

u. The ________ qualifier is used to declare read-only variables.

v. A function ________ enables a single function to be defined to perform a

task on many different data types.

6.2 For the program in Fig. 6.40, state the scope (either function scope, file scope,

block scope or function-prototype scope) of each of the following elements:

a. The variable x in main.

b. The variable y in cube.

c. The function cube.

d. The function main.

e. The function prototype for cube.

f. The identifier y in the function prototype for cube.

Figure 6.40. Program for Exercise 6.2

(This item is displayed on page 312 in the print version)

1 // Exercise 6.2: Ex06_02.cpp 2 #include <iostream> 3 using std::cout; 4 using std::endl; 5 6 int cube( int y ); // function prototype 7 8 int main() 9 { 10 int x; 11 12 for ( x = 1; x <= 10; x++ ) // loop 10 times 13 cout << cube( x ) << endl; // calculate cube of x and output results 14 15 return 0; // indicates successful termination 16 } // end main 17 18 // definition of function cube 19 int cube( int y ) 20 { 21 return y * y * y; 22 } // end function cube



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6.3 Write a program that tests whether the examples of the math library function calls

shown in Fig. 6.2 actually produce the indicated results.

6.4 Give the function header for each of the following functions:

a. Function hypotenuse that takes two double-precision, floating-point

arguments, side1 and side2, and returns a double-precision, floating-

point result.

b. Function smallest that takes three integers, x, y and z, and returns an

integer.

c. Function instructions that does not receive any arguments and does not

return a value. [Note: Such functions are commonly used to display

instructions to a user.]

d. Function intToDouble that takes an integer argument, number, and

returns a double-precision, floating-point result.

6.5 Give the function prototype for each of the following:

a. The function described in Exercise 6.4(a).

b. The function described in Exercise 6.4(b).

c. The function described in Exercise 6.4(c).

d. The function described in Exercise 6.4(d).

6.6 Write a declaration for each of the following:

a. Integer count that should be maintained in a register. Initialize count to

0.

b. Double-precision, floating-point variable lastVal that is to retain its

value between calls to the function in which it is defined.

6.7 Find the error in each of the following program segments, and explain how the

error can be corrected (see also Exercise 6.53):

a. int g( void ) b. { c. cout << "Inside function g" << endl; d. int h( void )



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MC090405686

e. { f. cout << "Inside function h" << endl; g. } h. }

i.

j. int sum( int x, int y ) k. { l. int result; m. n. o. result = x + y; p. }

q.

r. int sum( int n ) s. { t. if ( n == 0 ) u. return 0; v. else w. n + sum( n - 1 ); x. }

y.

z. void f ( double a); aa. { bb. float a; cc. cout << a << endl; dd. }

ee.

ff. void product( void ) gg. { hh. int a; ii. int b; jj. int c; kk. int result; ll. cout << "Enter three integers: "; mm. cin >> a >> b >> c; nn. result = a * b * c; oo. cout << "Result is " << result; pp. return result; qq. }

rr.

6.8 Why would a function prototype contain a parameter type declaration such as double &?

6.9 (True/False) All arguments to function calls in C++ are passed by value.

6.10 Write a complete program that prompts the user for the radius of a sphere, and

calculates and prints the volume of that sphere. Use an inline function

sphereVolume that returns the result of the following expression: ( 4.0 / 3.0 ) *

3.14159 * pow( radius, 3 ).



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MC090405686



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Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686


6.1 a) functions, classes. b) function call. c) local variable. d) return. e)

void. f) scope. g) return;, return expression; or encounter the closing

right brace of a function. h) function prototype. i) rand. j) srand. k)

auto, register, extern, static. l) auto. m) register. n) global. o)

static. p) function scope, file scope, block scope, function-prototype

scope, class scope, namespace scope. q) recursive. r) base. s)

overloading. t) unary scope resolution operator (::). u) const. v)

template.

6.2 a) block scope. b) block scope. c) file scope. d) file scope. e) file scope.

f) function-prototype scope.

6.3 See the following program:

1 // Exercise 6.3: Ex06_03.cpp 2 // Testing the math library functions. 3 #include <iostream> 4 using std::cout; 5 using std::endl; 6 using std::fixed; 7 8 #include <iomanip> 9 using std::setprecision; 10 11 #include <cmath> 12 using namespace std; 13 14 int main() 15 { 16 cout << fixed << setprecision( 1 ); 17 18 cout << "sqrt(" << 900.0 << ") = " << sqrt( 900.0 ) 19 << "\nsqrt(" << 9.0 << ") = " << sqrt( 9.0 ); 20 cout << "\nexp(" << 1.0 << ") = " << setprecision( 6 ) 21 << exp( 1.0 ) << "\nexp(" << setprecision( 1 ) << 2.0 22 << ") = " << setprecision( 6 ) << exp( 2.0 ); 23 cout << "\nlog(" << 2.718282 << ") = " << setprecision( 1 )



By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686

24 << log( 2.718282 ) 25 << "\nlog(" << setprecision( 6 ) << 7.389056 << ") = " 26 << setprecision( 1 ) << log( 7.389056 ); 27 cout << "\nlog10(" << 1.0 << ") = " << log10( 1.0 ) 28 << "\nlog10(" << 10.0 << ") = " << log10( 10.0 ) 29 << "\nlog10(" << 100.0 << ") = " << log10( 100.0 ); 30 cout << "\nfabs(" << 13.5 << ") = " << fabs( 13.5 ) 31 << "\nfabs(" << 0.0 << ") = " << fabs( 0.0 ) 32 << "\nfabs(" << -13.5 << ") = " << fabs( -13.5 ); 33 cout << "\nceil(" << 9.2 << ") = " << ceil( 9.2 ) 34 << "\nceil(" << -9.8 << ") = " << ceil( -9.8 ); 35 cout << "\nfloor(" << 9.2 << ") = " << floor( 9.2 ) 36 << "\nfloor(" << -9.8 << ") = " << floor( -9.8 ); 37 cout << "\npow(" << 2.0 << ", " << 7.0 << ") = " 38 << pow( 2.0, 7.0 ) << "\npow(" << 9.0 << ", " 39 << 0.5 << ") = " << pow( 9.0, 0.5 ); 40 cout << setprecision(3) << "\nfmod(" 41 << 13.675 << ", " << 2.333 << ") = " 42 << fmod( 13.675, 2.333) << setprecision( 1 ); 43 cout << "\nsin(" << 0.0 << ") = " << sin( 0.0 ); 44 cout << "\ncos(" << 0.0 << ") = " << cos( 0.0 ); 45 cout << "\ntan(" << 0.0 << ") = " << tan( 0.0 ) << endl; 46 return 0; // indicates successful termination 47 } // end main

sqrt(900.0) = 30.0 sqrt(9.0) = 3.0 exp(1.0) = 2.718282 exp(2.0) = 7.389056 log(2.718282) = 1.0 log(7.389056) = 2.0 log10(1.0) = 0.0 log10(10.0) = 1.0 log10(100.0) = 2.0 fabs(13.5) = 13.5 fabs(0.0) = 0.0 fabs(-13.5) = 13.5 ceil(9.2) = 10.0 ceil(-9.8) = -9.0 floor(9.2) = 9.0 floor(-9.8) = -10.0 pow(2.0, 7.0) = 128.0 pow(9.0, 0.5) = 3.0 fmod(13.675, 2.333) = 2.010 sin(0.0) = 0.0 cos(0.0) = 1.0 tan(0.0) = 0.0



By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686

6.4 a. double hypotenuse( double side1, double side2 )

b. int smallest( int x, int y, int z )

c. void instructions( void ) // in C++ (void) can be written ()

d. double intToDouble( int number )

6.5 a. double hypotenuse( double, double );

b. int smallest( int, int, int );

c. void instructions( void ); // in C++ (void) can be written ()

d. double intToDouble( int );

6.6 a. register int count = 0;

b. static double lastVal;

6.7 a. Error: Function h is defined in function g.

Correction: Move the definition of h out of the definition of g.

b. Error: The function is supposed to return an integer, but does

not.

Correction: Delete variable result and place the following

statement in the function:

return x + y;

c. Error: The result of n + sum( n - 1 ) is not returned; sum

returns an improper result.

Correction: Rewrite the statement in the else clause as

return n + sum( n - 1 );

d. Errors: Semicolon after the right parenthesis that encloses the

parameter list, and redefining the parameter a in the function

definition.

Corrections: Delete the semicolon after the right parenthesis of

the parameter list, and delete the declaration float a;.

e. Error: The function returns a value when it is not supposed to.



By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686

Correction: Eliminate the return statement.

6.8 This creates a reference parameter of type "reference to double" that

enables the function to modify the original variable in the calling

function.

6.9 False. C++ enables pass-by-reference using reference parameters (and

pointers, as we discuss in Chapter 8).

6.10 See the following program:

1 // Exercise 6.10 Solution: Ex06_10.cpp 2 // Inline function that calculates the volume of a sphere. 3 #include <iostream> 4 using std::cin; 5 using std::cout; 6 using std::endl; 7 8 #include <cmath> 9 using std::pow; 10 11 const double PI = 3.14159; // define global constant PI 12 13 // calculates volume of a sphere 14 inline double sphereVolume( const double radius ) 15 { 16 return 4.0 / 3.0 * PI * pow( radius, 3 ); 17 } // end inline function sphereVolume 18 19 int main() 20 { 21 double radiusValue; 22 23 // prompt user for radius 24 cout << "Enter the length of the radius of your sphere: "; 25 cin >> radiusValue; // input radius 26 27 // use radiusValue to calculate volume of sphere and display result 28 cout << "Volume of sphere with radius " << radiusValue 29 << " is " << sphereVolume( radiusValue ) << endl; 30 return 0; // indicates successful termination 31 } // end main



By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686


7.1 Answer each of the following:

a. Lists and tables of values can be stored in __________ or __________.

b. The elements of an array are related by the fact that they have the same

________ and ___________.

c. The number used to refer to a particular element of an array is called its

________.

d. A(n) __________ should be used to declare the size of an array, because it

makes the program more scalable.

e. The process of placing the elements of an array in order is called

________ the array.

f. The process of determining if an array contains a particular key value is

called _________ the array.

g. An array that uses two subscripts is referred to as a(n) _________ array.

7.2 State whether the following are true or false. If the answer is false, explain why.

a. An array can store many different types of values.

b. An array subscript should normally be of data type float.

c. If there are fewer initializers in an initializer list than the number of

elements in the array, the remaining elements are initialized to the last

value in the initializer list.

d. It is an error if an initializer list contains more initializers than there are

elements in the array.

e. An individual array element that is passed to a function and modified in

that function will contain the modified value when the called function

completes execution.



By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686

7.3 Write one or more statements that perform the following tasks for and array

called fractions:

a. Define a constant variable arraySize initialized to 10.

b. Declare an array with arraySize elements of type double, and initialize

the elements to 0.

c. Name the fourth element of the array.

d. Refer to array element 4.

e. Assign the value 1.667 to array element 9.

f. Assign the value 3.333 to the seventh element of the array.

g. Print array elements 6 and 9 with two digits of precision to the right of the

decimal point, and show the output that is actually displayed on the

screen.

h. Print all the array elements using a for statement. Define the integer

variable i as a control variable for the loop. Show the output.

7.4 Answer the following questions regarding an array called table:

a. Declare the array to be an integer array and to have 3 rows and 3 columns.

Assume that the constant variable arraySize has been defined to be 3.

b. How many elements does the array contain?

c. Use a for repetition statement to initialize each element of the array to the

sum of its subscripts. Assume that the integer variables i and j are

declared as control variables.

d. Write a program segment to print the values of each element of array

table in tabular format with 3 rows and 3 columns. Assume that the array

was initialized with the declaration e. int table[ arraySize ][ arraySize ] = { { 1, 8 }, { 2, 4, 6

}, { 5 } };

and the integer variables i and j are declared as control variables. Show

the output.

7.5 Find the error in each of the following program segments and correct the error:

a. #include <iostream>;

b. arraySize = 10; // arraySize was declared const

c. Assume that int b[ 10 ] = { 0 }; d. for ( int i = 0; <= 10; i++ ) e. b[ i ] = 1;

f. Assume that int a[ 2 ][ 2 ] = { { 1, 2 }, { 3, 4 } };



By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686

g. a[ 1, 1 ] = 5;


7.1 a) arrays, vectors. b) name, type. c) subscript (or index). d) constant variable. e)

sorting. f) searching. g) two-dimensional.

7.2 a. False. An array can store only values of the same type.

b. False. An array subscript should be an integer or an integer expression.

c. False. The remaining elements are initialized to zero.

d. True.

e. False. Individual elements of an array are passed by value. If the entire

array is passed to a function, then any modifications will be reflected in

the original.

7.3 a. const int arraySize = 10;

b. double fractions[ arraySize ] = { 0.0 };

c. fractions[ 3 ]

d. fractions[ 4 ]

e. fractions[ 9 ] = 1.667;

f. fractions[ 6 ] = 3.333; g. cout << fixed << setprecision ( 2 ); h. cout << fractions[ 6 ] < < ' ' fractions[ 9 ] << endl;

i. Output: 3.33 1.67. j. for ( int i = 0; < arraySize; i++ ) k. cout << "fractions[" < i << "] = " << fractions[ i ] <<

endl;

l.

[Page 390]

Output:

fractions[ 0 ] = 0.0 fractions[ 1 ] = 0.0 fractions[ 2 ] = 0.0 fractions[ 3 ] = 0.0 fractions[ 4 ] = 0.0 fractions[ 5 ] = 0.0 fractions[ 6 ] = 3.333



By:

Muhamamd Naveed

MC090405686

fractions[ 7 ] = 0.0 fractions[ 8 ] = 0.0 fractions[ 9 ] = 1.667

7.4 a. int table[ arraySize ][ arraySize ];

b. Nine. c. for ( i = 0; i < arraySize; i++ ) d. e. for ( j = 0; j < arraySize; j++ ) f. table[ i ][ j ] = i + j;

g. h. cout << " [0] [1] [2]" << endl; i. j. for ( int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++ ) { k. cout << '[' << i << "] "; l. m. for ( int j = 0; j < arraySize; j++ ) n. cout << setw( 3 ) << table[ i ][ j ] << " "; o. p. cout << endl;

q. Output: r. [0] [1] [2] s. [0] 1 8 0 t. [1] 2 4 6 u. [2] 5 0 0

7.5 a. Error: Semicolon at end of #include preprocessor directive.

Correction: Eliminate semicolon.

b. Error: Assigning a value to a constant variable using an assignment

statement.

Correction: Initialize the constant variable in a const int arraySize

declaration.

c. Error: Referencing an array element outside the bounds of the array

(b[10]).

Correction: Change the final value of the control variable to 9.

d. Error: Array subscripting done incorrectly.

Correction: Change the statement to a[ 1 ][ 1 ] = 5;



CS201 Solved MCQs .../MCQsCS201Solve.pdf · By: Muhamamd Naveed MC090405686 15.1 Answer each of the...

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