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CS 290-63: Ubiquitous Computing Prasun Dewan SN 150 Department of Computer Science University of...
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CS 290-63: Ubiquitous Computing
Prasun Dewan
SN 150 Department of Computer Science
University of North Carolina [email protected]
www.cs.unc.edu/ubiq
TR: ???Office Hours: ???
(Prsün Divän)
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everywhere indefinite number of times
Ubiquitous Computing
Ubiquitous
Computing CPU, Memory, Communication
Not really possible or desirable more than in traditional
computing so widespread that
unnoticed
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Traditional Computing
Desktop Computers /Servers
Embedded Computers
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Ubiquitous = More of the Same?
No new technical issue Except scalable
networking IPV6
In ubiquitous computing we see new kinds of computing
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Interactive Mobile Computers Motivation
Pervasive access to standalone apps Calculator, Games, Music, Video
Issues Hardware realization (will be
mostly ignored) more robust lower-power lighter weight
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Interactive Mobile Software Issues
Resource-poor power
• Scheduling, result accuracy
I/O devices • Speech, Handwriting recognition
Storage• MEMS
Tiny OS Security
More vulnerable to theft and destruction
Exposed to more people
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Strongly-Connected Mobile Motivation
Remote data access web, rlogin
Collaboration Email, chat, application-sharing
Computation offloadingInternet
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Strongly-Connected Mobile Issues
Mobile IP Address contains location but
location variable Adapting to mix of heavyweight,
lightweight computers Dynamic application-sharing
architectures Multi-device collaboration
Internet
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Intermittent Connection Disconnected and strongly-
connected states Remote data accessed in
disconnected state
Motivation Work in the offline mode
Paper, spreadsheets
Issues Local database smaller
hoarding Conflicts can arise
merging
Internet
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Wireless (Weak) Connection Additional weakly connected
state higher delay, error rate
Motivation Ubiquitous remote access
Network
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Wireless (Weak) Connection Issues
Physical Layer Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11, Infrared
Optimizing weak connections Batching changes propagated for
merging Transcoding
Adapting to multiple connection levels Adaptive TCP/IP Adaptive Transcoding Adaptive update propagation for
merging
Network
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Networked Embedded Computers
Network
networked appliances sensors historical sites & other locations
Connected to network send and/or receive
May be embedded only for network access
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Peer of Networked Embedded Computer?
Network
Another embedded computer
Non embedded Computer
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extendibility & scalability
Embedded Peer
Network
Composite devices security system
Distributed composites vs. hardwired devices
client-defined composites
ease of change
reuse of constituents
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“Smart Dust”
Network
Late binding Monitoring
Temperatures in a Fire
Monitoring rain levels in a flood
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Embedded Computer communicating with Non embedded Computer
Network
Embedded is client Embedded is server
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Embedded is Client
Network
viewing/recording status image from camera body part data instrument visualization
Motivation
trigger orders refrigerator items
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Embedded is Server
Network
Interactive computer issues commands to embedded computer
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Motivation
A single remote control for arbitrary (dissimilar) appliances TVs, EKG machines, Water
Sprinklers, Car Seats
Interactive computer can offer different user interfaces from conventional controls
Automatic appliance- remote control binding
Control appliance from arbitrary locations Water sprinkler from
beachInternet
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Per-User Control of Shared Appliances
Mobile device knows owner’s info: Favorite channels Volume preferences Credit card PIN Files to be printed Car-seat tilt angle
Record/replay Pin recorded first time
and replayed later
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More Powerful Device Output Device
EKG results Refrigerator contents Sprinkler settings
More computation power Undo/Redo Cut/Paste Save Macros
Enter arbitrary input Water sprinkler days
Offline Mode Synchronization
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Control Appliance Collections
Multicast commands Start/stop recording
images from all cameras
Switch off all lights in the room
Switch of all appliances except the refrigerator
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Control Appliance Collections
Network
Distributed presentation On projector, speakers,
computer screens
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Motivation Summary More universal
More control
More remote
Internet
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Networked Embedded Computers
Network
Issues Late binding
Naming Discovery IPC User-interface deployment Multi-appliance control
Access control Existing social protocols not
supported by existing mechanisms• All co-located users can use
appliance
• Children can see certain channels
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Ad-Hoc Networks Peer to peer connections
among late bound computers
Motivation Spontaneous collaboration
classroom, war, airport meeting Sensor networks
disaster recovery• e.g. heat sensors thrown on fire
Network
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Ad-Hoc Networks Issues
No Router ad-hoc routing
• Power-aware
Network
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Location-aware computing operations based on current,
past, and future locations of users and devices
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Location-Aware Computing Motivation
location-based action nearby local printer, doctor nearby remote phone directions/maps
location-based information real
• person’s location• history/sales/events
virtual• walkthrough• story of city
augmented• touring machine
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Pose-Aware Computing Operations based on
locations and orientations of users and devices
Motivation Augmented reality
Magic Lens
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Wearable Pose-Aware Computers Computers on body
track body relative movements monitor person train person
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Location/Pose- Aware Computing
Issues Tracking algorithms
fine or coarse grained Software architecture Maintaining privacy
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Summary Traditional
Stationary desktops/servers and Embedded
Ubiquitous Interactive mobile
resource-poor security vulnerability
Strongly-connected mobile mobile IP adapting to heavyweight/lightweight mix
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Summary Ubiquitous computing
Intermittently connected mobile hoarding synchronization
Wireless (weak) communication Physical layer Optimizing weak connections Adaptations for multiple connection levels
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Summary Ubiquitous computing
Networked embedded computers Naming Discovery IPC UI deployment Access control
Ad-hoc networking with late bound devices ad-hoc routing
Location and Pose aware Tracking Architecture Privacy
Wearable Avoid strong signals Displays
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EmbeddedMobile
Interactive
Beyond Desktops/Servers
Wearable Active badge
Location
SensorFlight
Simulator