Crusades causes&results
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Transcript of Crusades causes&results
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The CrusadesThe CrusadesA Brief LookA Brief Look
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The CrusadesThe Crusades • A series of military campaigns from the 1090s to the 1400s by a variety of European military groups into parts of the Byzantine Empire and Muslim controlled Middle East.
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THE CRUSADESTHE CRUSADES• The Islamic groups holding the regions
of the Middle East were not unified at the time.
• Massacres were committed by Muslim and Christian armies during the wars.
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Crusader Crusader KingdomsKingdoms
European armies European armies took and held took and held regions in the regions in the
Middle East for Middle East for nearly a century.nearly a century.
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Events that may have led to the Events that may have led to the CrusadesCrusades
Christian Church in Jerusalem was destroyed.
Pilgrim routes (to the Holy Land) were closed for a period of time.
Byzantine Empire was losing territory to Islamic Turks and the Byzantine leaders requested assistance from other Christian kingdoms.
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Reasons to go on CRUSADEReasons to go on CRUSADE
Read Pope Urban II’s speech –
Summarize the main ideas of the speech by listing in your notebook the:
“The top 5 reasons to go on Crusades.”
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Categorize your five reasons.Categorize your five reasons.
What are the political, economic, social, and religious reasons he gives?
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RELIGIOUS CausesRELIGIOUS Causes• God, through the Pope, commanded it
• Regain Holy Lands and pilgrim routes
• Automatic forgiveness of sins
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POLITICAL CausesPOLITICAL Causes• End fighting among Europeans (civil
wars)
• Help defend Byzantine Empire which will keep Muslim armies from Europe.
• Gain power / territory at the expense of Islamic groups
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ECONOMIC CausesECONOMIC Causes
• Chance for wealth and land! (Especially for knights who are little brothers.)
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SOCIAL CausesSOCIAL Causes
• Chance to improve social status.
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And so they fought . . .And so they fought . . .
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RESULTS of the CRUSADESRESULTS of the CRUSADES
On the Byzantine Empire
• Weakening of the Empire due to the pillaging of Constantinople and taking of Byzantine lands.
• Severed political and religious connections to Western Europe.
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Siege of ConstantinopleSiege of Constantinople
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RESULTS of the CRUSADESRESULTS of the CRUSADES
On western Europe:
• Nationalism within Europe
• Increased desire for “eastern” goods and increased trade connections with the Islamic markets.
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Late Medieval Trade RoutesLate Medieval Trade Routes
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RESULTS of the CRUSADESRESULTS of the CRUSADES
On western Europe:
• Exposure to Islamic learning, innovation, and technological advancements
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RESULTS of the CRUSADESRESULTS of the CRUSADES
On the Islamic groups of the Middle East
• Very little change in politics or culture
– Saladin helped unify Muslim forces and retook the Middle East and Asia Minor.