CRP Evaluation Report

Coordinated Research ActivitiesAnnual Report and Statistics for 2013

Uniting the World Through Research

cra.iaea.org

Atoms for Peace

Atoms for Peace

13-4

5981

Coordinated Research Activities

Annual Report and Statistics for 2013

Supplement

The supplement of the Coordinated Research Activities Annual Report and Statistics for 2013

contains detailed information on CRPs, Contracts and Agreements, and Research Coordination

Meetings.

Table of Contents

A. Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) by status

I. Active Coordinated Research Projects at End 2013 1-14

II. CRPs Approved but Not Yet Initiated at End 2013 15-16

III. Coordinated Research Projects Completed in 2013 17-20

IV. 2013 Evaluated Coordinated Research Projects after Completion 21-87

B. Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) Budget in 2013

I. Distribution of Total 2013 Funds Obligated by IAEA Projects 88-92

II. 2012 Total Contract Obligations per Country in Euro and Number of 2013

Agreement Awards 93-96

C. Research Coordination Meetings in 2013

I. Research Coordination Meetings Held in 2013 by Subprogramme 97-106

II. Research Coordination Meetings Held in 2013 by Country 107

D. IAEA 2013 Programme/Subprogramme and Corresponding CRP Codes 108-109

2416/D/Rev.1

International Atomic Energy Agency

Research Contracts System

Active Coordinated Research Projects at End 2013

I35004 Examining the Techno-Economics of Nuclear Hydrogen Production and Benchmark Analysis of the IAEA HEEP SoftwareDuration: 2012-09-12 to 2015-09-12 Officer: KHAMIS, Ibrahim 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

Contracts: 6 Algeria, Argentina, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan

1.1.6 Support for Non-electric Applications of Nuclear Power

Agreements: 9 Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation(2), United States of America(2)

I31023 Prediction of Axial and Radial Creep in Pressure Tubes

Duration: 2012-10-30 to 2016-10-30 Officer: KRAUSE, Matthias 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

I31022 Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Codes for Nuclear Power Plant Design

Duration: 2013-02-22 to 2017-02-22 Officer: HARPER, Mark J. 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

Contracts: 3 China, India, Switzerland

Duration: 2013-09-05 to 2017-09-05 Officer: MONTI, Stefano 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

Contracts: 3 Argentina, China, India

Agreements: 5 Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands, Russian Federation

Contracts: 3 China, India, Romania

Agreements: 3 Argentina, Canada, Korea - Republic of

I31024 Sodium Properties and Safe Operation of Experimental Facilities in Support of the Development and Deployment of Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (NAPRO)

Agreements: 7 Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands, South Africa, United Kingdom(2), United States of America

I31020 HTGR Reactor Physics, Thermal-Hydraulics and Depletion Uncertainty Analysis

Duration: 2012-04-19 to 2016-04-19 Officer: REITSMA, Frederik 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

I31019 Improved Understanding of the Irradiation Creep Behaviour of Nuclear Graphite

Duration: 2009-11-06 to 2015-09-15 Officer: REITSMA, Frederik 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

Contracts: 2 China, Ukraine

Duration: 2012-05-23 to 2016-05-23 Officer: MONTI, Stefano 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

Contracts: 4 China(3), India

Agreements: 16 France, Germany(2), Italy(2), Japan(3), Korea - Republic of(2), Netherlands, Russian Federation, Switzerland, United States of America(3)

Contracts: 4 China, Russian Federation, South Africa, United States of America

Agreements: 5 Germany, Korea - Republic of(2), United States of America(2)

I31021 Benchmark Analysis of an EBR-II Shutdown Heat Removal Test

1.1.5 Technology Development for Advanced Reactor Lines

Contracts: 0

Agreements: 14 Argentina, Canada, China, Czech Republic(2), Hungary(2), Japan, Korea - Republic of, Slovakia, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America(2)

I21021 Continued Operations Beyond 60 Years in Nuclear Power Plants

Duration: 2011-11-11 to 2015-11-11 Officer: KANG, Ki-Sig 2nd Officer: VINCZE, Pal

I21022 Review and Benchmark of Calculation Methods on Piping Wall Thinning due to Erosion-corrosion in Nuclear Power Plants

Agreements: 13 Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, United States of America

Duration: 2011-11-11 to 2014-11-11 Officer: MOORE, John Henry 2nd Officer: KANG, Ki-Sig

Contracts: 3 China, India, Pakistan

1.1.1 Integrated Support for Operating Nuclear Facilities

1.1 Nuclear Power

1



I11007 Techno-economic Evaluation of Options for Adapting Nuclear and other Energy Infrastructure to Long-term Climate Change and Extreme WeatherDuration: 2012-12-13 to 2015-12-13 Officer: TOTH, Ferenc L. 2nd Officer: STANKEVICIUTE,

Loreta

Contracts: 10 Argentina, China, Cuba, Egypt, Ghana, Malaysia, Pakistan, Republic of Moldova, Slovenia, Sudan

Agreements: 3 Australia, Germany, Mauritius

Contracts: 7 Brazil, Cuba, India, Lithuania, South Africa, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand

Duration: 2011-12-13 to 2014-12-12 Officer: ALFSTAD, Thomas 2nd Officer: TOTH, Ferenc L.

I11006 Assessing Interdependencies between Energy, Water, Land-use and Climate Change

Agreements: 2 Australia, South Africa

Contracts: 10 Bulgaria, Chile, China, Croatia, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Pakistan, Uruguay, Viet Nam

Duration: 2013-09-05 to 2016-09-05 Officer: WARREN, Paul 2nd Officer: TOTH, Ferenc L.

Agreements: 0

I11008 Financing Nuclear Investments

1.3.2 Energy Economy Environment (3E) Analysis

1.3 Capacity Building and Nuclear Knowledge Maintenance for Sustainable Energy Development

Duration: 2011-07-05 to 2015-07-04 Officer: INOZEMTSEV, Victor 2nd Officer: DYCK, Gary R.

Contracts: 6 Argentina, Canada, Lithuania, Pakistan, Romania, Ukraine

Contracts: 2 China, India

T12025 Evaluation of Conditions for Hydrogen-Induced Degradation of Zirconium Alloys during Fuel Operation and Storage

T12026 Near Term and Promising Long Term Options for Deployment of Thorium Based Nuclear Energy

Agreements: 7 Canada, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Russian Federation, United States of America(2)

Duration: 2012-04-19 to 2016-04-19 Officer: BASAK, Uddharan 2nd Officer: DYCK, Gary R.

Agreements: 9 Brazil, Canada, Germany, India, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation, Sweden, Switzerland

1.2.4 Topical Issues of Nuclear Fuels and Fuel Cycles for Advanced and Innovative Reactors

Contracts: 3 Argentina, Hungary, Slovakia

T13014 Demonstrating Performance of Spent Fuel and Related Storage System Components during Very Long Term Storage

T13013 Spent Fuel Performance Assessment and Research (SPAR III)

Duration: 2009-11-06 to 2014-11-06 Officer: STANDRING, Paul 2nd Officer: BEVILACQUA, Arturo

Duration: 2012-06-27 to 2016-06-27 Officer: BEVILACQUA, Arturo 2nd Officer: DANKER, William

Agreements: 9 France, Germany(2), Japan(2), Poland, Spain, United Kingdom, United States of America

Agreements: 9 France, Germany(2), Japan(2), Korea - Republic of, Spain, United States of America(2)

Contracts: 5 Argentina(2), Lithuania, Pakistan, Slovenia

1.2.3 Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors

1.2 Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Technologies

Agreements: 5 Canada, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of(2)

2



Agreements: 10 Australia, Belgium, France(2), Japan, Romania, Spain, Sweden, United States of America(2)

Contracts: 3 China(2), The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia

F43019 Atomic and Molecular Data for State-resolved Modelling of Hydrogen and Helium and their Isotopes in Fusion Plasma

Contracts: 1 Cameroon

Duration: 2011-02-22 to 2015-02-21 Officer: BRAAMS, Bastiaan Johan 2nd Officer: CHUNG, Hyun Kyung


F41031 Testing and Improving the IAEA International Reactor Dosimetry and Fusion File (IRDFF)

Contracts: 4 Czech Republic, Russian Federation, Slovenia, South Africa

F43018 Light Element Atom, Molecule and Radical Behaviour in the Divertor and Edge Plasma Regions

Agreements: 10 France(2), Italy(2), Japan(2), United States of America(4)

Contracts: 0


Agreements: 18 China(3), France(2), Germany(2), India, Japan(3), Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation(2), Slovenia, United Kingdom, United States of America(2)

F43021 Plasma-Wall Interaction with Irradiated Tungsten and Tungsten Alloys in Fusion Devices

F43020 Data for Erosion and Tritium Retention in Beryllium Plasma-facing Materials

Agreements: 11 Belgium, China, France, Germany(2), Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of, United States of America(3)


Agreements: 6 Austria, Finland, Germany(2), Japan, United States of America

Contracts: 0


F41027 Spectroscopic and Collisional Data for Tungsten from 1 eV to 20 keV

Contracts: 2 India, Russian Federation

F41028 Development of a Reference Database for Particle-Induced Gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) Spectroscopy

Agreements: 12 China, France, Germany, Israel, Japan(2), Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation(2), United States of America(3)

Agreements: 6 Belgium, France, Japan, Slovenia, United States of America(2)

Duration: 2013-02-22 to 2017-02-22 Officer: SIMAKOV, Stanislav 2nd Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario

F41026 Prompt Fission Neutron Spectra of Actinides

Contracts: 5 China, India, Romania, Russian Federation(2)

Duration: 2009-11-06 to 2015-04-30 Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario 2nd Officer: FORREST, Robin A.

F41030 Reference Database for Beta-Delayed Neutron Emission Evaluation

Agreements: 7 Australia, France, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of, United States of America(2)

Duration: 2013-02-22 to 2017-02-21 Officer: DIMITRIOU, Paraskevi 2nd Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario

Agreements: 9 Canada, France, Japan(2), Russian Federation, Spain(2), United States of America(2)

Contracts: 3 China, Croatia, India

Contracts: 7 Brazil, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Pakistan, Romania, Russian Federation

Contracts: 5 Greece, Hungary, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Portugal, Ukraine

Duration: 2011-02-07 to 2015-02-08 Officer: DIMITRIOU, Paraskevi 2nd Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario

Agreements: 5 Belgium, Finland, Germany, Italy, Spain

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2016-07-09 Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario 2nd Officer: TRKOV, Andrej

F41029 Nuclear Data for Charged-particle Monitor Reactions and Medical Isotope Production

1.4.1 Atomic and Nuclear Data

1.4 Nuclear Science

3



Agreements: 9 Australia, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan(2), Spain, United Kingdom, United States of America

Contracts: 5 Croatia, India, Malaysia, Singapore(2)

Duration: 2009-09-11 to 2013-10-29 Officer: ZEMAN, Andrej 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

F12022 Application of Nuclear Methods in Microstructural Characterisation and Performance Testing of Materials for Hydrogen Fuel Cell and Storage Technologies

Duration: 2011-12-14 to 2015-12-13 Officer: SIMON, Aliz 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 7 China, Jordan, Mexico, Mongolia, Slovenia, South Africa, Ukraine

Duration: 2012-02-10 to 2016-02-09 Officer: CHARISOPOULOS, Sotirios 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

F11016 Utilization of Ion Accelerators for Studying and Modelling of Radiation Induced Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators

Agreements: 0

Contracts: 5 Armenia, France, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Ukraine

F12024 Utilisation of Accelerator-Based Real-time Methods in the Investigation of Materials with High Technological Importance

Agreements: 9 Australia, Canada(2), France, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, United Kingdom

Contracts: 9 Algeria, Argentina, Croatia, India, Serbia, South Africa, Thailand, Ukraine, Viet Nam

Duration: 2012-03-28 to 2016-03-28 Officer: ZEMAN, Andrej 2nd Officer: CHARISOPOULOS, Sotirios

F11015 Applications of Synchrotron Radiation for Environmental Sciences and Materials Research for Development of Environmentally Friendly Resources

Duration: 2011-04-19 to 2014-05-31 Officer: INOZEMTSEV, Victor 2nd Officer: ZEMAN, Andrej

F11014 Benchmarking of Structural Materials Pre-selected for Advanced Nuclear Reactors.

Agreements: 16 Australia, Czech Republic, Germany(2), India, Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands(2), Russian Federation(2), Slovakia, Spain, United States of America(2)

Contracts: 3 China, Romania, Ukraine

1.4.3 Accelerators and Nuclear Spectrometry for Materials Science and Analytical Applications

Agreements: 5 Australia, Canada, Japan, Netherlands, United States of America

T34001 Improved Instrumentation and Control (I&C) Maintenance Techniques for Research Reactors using the Plant ComputerDuration: 2012-10-30 to 2015-10-30 Officer: MORRIS, Charles R 2nd Officer: ADELFANG, Pablo

F12025 Development of an Integrated Approach to Routine Automation of Neutron Activation Analysis

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2016-07-09 Officer: RIDIKAS, Danas 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 14 Algeria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, China, Egypt, Indonesia, Jamaica, Malaysia, Morocco, Peru, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Syrian Arab Republic

Duration: 2013-07-03 to 2016-07-03 Officer: MORRIS, Charles R 2nd Officer: RAO, Deshraju Venkat H.

Contracts: 7 Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation, South Africa

Agreements: 2 India, Japan

Contracts: 7 Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia, South Africa

Agreements: 7 Greece, Italy, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation, United States of America(3)

T34002 Establishment of Material Properties Database for Irradiated Core Structural Components for Continued Safe Operation and Lifetime Extension of Ageing Research Reactors

1.4.2 Research Reactors

Duration: 2013-05-03 to 2017-05-02 Officer: SIMAKOV, Stanislav 2nd Officer: FORREST, Robin A.

F44003 Primary Radiation Damage Cross Sections

Contracts: 0

Agreements: 16 Belgium, China, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands, Russian Federation, Spain(3), United Kingdom, United States of America(3)

4



Agreements: 3 Australia, Germany, Spain

Contracts: 9 Bangladesh, China(2), Czech Republic, India, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Pakistan, Viet Nam(2)

D15012 Soil Quality and Nutrient Management for Sustainable Food Production in Mulch-based Cropping Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa

Contracts: 10 Benin, China(2), Czech Republic, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Pakistan, Zimbabwe

Duration: 2011-11-18 to 2016-11-17 Officer: ZAMAN, Mohammad 2nd Officer: NGUYEN, Minh-Long

Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2018-06-03 Officer: HENG, Lee Kheng 2nd Officer: SAKADEVAN, Karuppan

Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2018-06-03 Officer: NGUYEN, Minh-Long 2nd Officer: SAKADEVAN, Karuppan

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Uganda, Uruguay

D12013 Landscape Salinity and Water Management for Improving Agricultural Productivity

Agreements: 3 France, Nigeria, United States of America

Agreements: 5 Austria, Belgium, Kenya, New Zealand, United States of America

Duration: 2011-11-01 to 2015-11-01 Officer: SAKADEVAN, Karuppan 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean Laurent

D15013 Approaches to Improvement of Crop Genotypes with High Water and Nutrient use Efficiency for Water Scarce Environments

Contracts: 12 Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia(2), Mexico, Pakistan, Peru(2), Uganda, Viet Nam

Agreements: 1 South Africa

D12012 Optimizing Soil, Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Integrated Cropping-Livestock Production Systems

2.1.1 Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production Systems

2.1 Food and Agriculture

Agreements: 5 Bulgaria, Germany, India, Italy, Netherlands

F13014 Utilization of the Network of Small Magnetic Confinement Fusion Devices for Mainstream Fusion ResearchDuration: 2011-11-18 to 2015-11-17 Officer: KAMENDJE, Richard 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

F13013 Investigations on Materials under High Repetition and Intense Fusion Pulses

Duration: 2011-11-11 to 2015-11-10 Officer: KAMENDJE, Richard 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 13 Chile, Czech Republic, Estonia, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Poland(2), Russian Federation(3), Singapore, Ukraine

Contracts: 10 Bulgaria, China, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Russian Federation(2), Ukraine

Contracts: 6 China, Latvia, Poland, Russian Federation(2), Ukraine

Agreements: 6 Russian Federation, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America(3)

Duration: 2012-06-25 to 2016-06-25 Officer: KAMENDJE, Richard 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Agreements: 6 Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Portugal, United Kingdom(2)

F13015 Conceptual Development of Steady-state Compact Fusion Neutron Sources

1.4.4 Nuclear Fusion Research

Agreements: 11 Australia, Canada, France, Greece, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Spain, United States of America

G42004 Improvement of Portable Instruments and Analytical Techniques for in Situ Applications

Contracts: 4 Argentina, Egypt, Lebanon, Syrian Arab Republic

Duration: 2011-07-15 to 2015-07-14 Officer: PADILLA ALVAREZ, Roman 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Agreements: 5 Belgium, Cuba, Italy(2), Jamaica

5



D32028 Development of Molecular and Nuclear Technologies for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD)

Agreements: 4 Australia, Canada, Spain, United States of America

Duration: 2010-03-18 to 2015-03-18 Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J. 2nd Officer: DIALLO, Adama

Agreements: 4 Australia, Ethiopia, Netherlands, United Kingdom

Duration: 2010-06-11 to 2015-06-11 Officer: SHAMSUDDIN, Mohammed 2nd Officer: PERIASAMY, Kathiravan

Agreements: 5 Brazil, Italy, Kenya, United Kingdom, United States of America

Contracts: 12 Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Burkina Faso, China, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Nigeria, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka

D31027 The Use of Enzymes and Nuclear Technologies to Improve the Utilization of Fibrous Feeds and Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emission from Livestock

Contracts: 11 Argentina, Brazil, China(2), Mexico, Mongolia, Peru, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, Zambia

Duration: 2010-09-02 to 2015-09-02 Officer: SHAMSUDDIN, Mohammed 2nd Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J.

Contracts: 11 Argentina, China, Democratic Rep. of the Congo, Ethiopia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Pakistan, South Africa, Yemen, Zambia

D31026 Genetic Variation on the Control of Resistance to Infectious Diseases in Small Ruminants for Improving Animal Productivity

2.1.2 Sustainable Intensification of Livestock Production Systems

D15015 Response to Nuclear Emergencies Affecting Food and Agriculture

Agreements: 3 Germany, United States of America(2)

Duration: 2011-02-15 to 2016-02-15 Officer: SARSU, Fatma 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean Laurent

D23029 Climate Proofing of Food Crops: Genetic Improvement for Adaptation to High Temperatures in Drought Prone Areas and Beyond

Contracts: 13 China(2), Colombia(2), Cuba, India, Mexico, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Senegal, United Republic of Tanzania, Zimbabwe

Duration: 2013-09-13 to 2018-09-13 Officer: DERCON, Gerd 2nd Officer: HENG, Lee Kheng

Agreements: 5 China, Colombia, Spain, United Kingdom, United States of America

Agreements: 3 Denmark, Germany, United States of America

Agreements: 3 India, Japan(2)

Contracts: 5 China, France, Russian Federation, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia, Ukraine

D23028 Improving Nutritional Quality by Altering Concentrations of Enhancing Factors Using Induced Mutation and Biotechnology in Crops

Contracts: 11 Bulgaria, China, Ghana, India(2), Kenya, Peru, South Africa(2), Ukraine, United Kingdom

Duration: 2009-01-12 to 2014-04-30 Officer: NIELEN, Stephan 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean Laurent

D24013 Isolation and Characterization of Genes Involved in Mutagenesis of Crop Plants

Agreements: 4 Austria, Germany, United States of America(2)

Duration: 2009-05-12 to 2014-05-10 Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean Laurent 2nd Officer: NIELEN, Stephan

D23030 Integrated Utilization of Cereal Mutant Varieties in Crop/Livestock Production Systems for Climate Smart Agriculture

Contracts: 7 Argentina, Bulgaria, China, India, Korea - Republic of, Poland, Portugal

Contracts: 7 Austria, China, Cuba, Ghana, Poland, Sierra Leone, Viet Nam

Contracts: 8 Austria, China, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mongolia, Peru, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia

Duration: 2012-09-17 to 2017-09-17 Officer: JANKULOSKI, Ljupcho 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean Laurent

Agreements: 1 United Kingdom

Duration: 2009-02-04 to 2014-05-20 Officer: TILL, Bradley John 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean Laurent

D24012 Enhancing the Efficiency of Induced Mutagenesis through an Integrated Biotechnology Pipeline

6



Duration: 2010-03-18 to 2015-06-18 Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge 2nd Officer: REYES FLORES, Jesus

D41023 Resolution of Cryptic Species Complexes of Tephritid Pests to Overcome Constraints to SIT Application and International Trade

Contracts: 16 Argentina, Australia, Brazil(3), China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Greece, Kenya, Malaysia(2), Mexico, Thailand(2), United Republic of Tanzania

Duration: 2008-09-15 to 2014-09-14 Officer: VREYSEN, Marc J.B. 2nd Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge

D41022 Increasing the Efficiency of Lepidoptera SIT by Enhanced Quality Control

Agreements: 3 Australia, United States of America(2)

Contracts: 15 Argentina, Austria, Chile, China(2), India, Israel, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, South Africa(3), Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia

2.1.4 Sustainable Control of Major Insect Pests

D62009 Development of Irradiated Foods for Immuno-compromised Patients and Other Potential Target Groups

Agreements: 5 Australia, United Kingdom, United States of America(3)

Contracts: 14 Argentina, Brazil(2), China(2), India, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, Uruguay, Viet Nam

Agreements: 4 Canada, Korea - Republic of, United Kingdom, United States of America

Contracts: 13 Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Bulgaria, China(2), Hungary, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, Portugal, Tunisia

Duration: 2010-06-11 to 2015-06-11 Officer: BLACKBURN, Carl Michael 2nd Officer: HENON, Yves

Duration: 2009-06-11 to 2014-06-11 Officer: BLACKBURN, Carl Michael 2nd Officer: PARKER, Andrew Gordon

D52037 Implementation of Nuclear Techniques to Improve Food Traceability

Duration: 2011-02-07 to 2016-02-08 Officer: FREW, Russell 2nd Officer: CANNAVAN, Andrew

Contracts: 11 Botswana, Chile, China(2), India, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Singapore, Thailand, Uganda

Agreements: 5 Austria, Belgium, Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom

D52036 Development of Radiometric and Allied Analytical Methods to Strengthen National Residue Control Programs for Antibiotic and Anthelmintic Veterinary Drug ResiduesDuration: 2009-05-12 to 2014-05-12 Officer: SASANYA, James Jacob 2nd Officer: CANNAVAN, Andrew

Contracts: 11 Brazil(2), China(2), Kenya, Korea - Republic of, Mongolia, Peru, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, United Kingdom

Duration: 2013-09-13 to 2018-09-13 Officer: FREW, Russell 2nd Officer: CANNAVAN, Andrew

Contracts: 11 Argentina, Bangladesh, China, Lebanon, Lithuania, Morocco, Poland, Russian Federation, Singapore, Slovenia, Sri Lanka

D62008 Development of Generic Irradiation Doses for Quarantine Treatments

Agreements: 4 New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States of America(2)

Agreements: 6 Austria, Portugal, Sweden, United Kingdom(2), United States of America

D52038 Accessible Technologies for the Verification of Origin of Dairy Products as an Example Control System to Enhance Global Trade and Food Safety

2.1.3 Improvement of Food Safety and Food Control Systems

Agreements: 4 Belgium, China, United Kingdom, United States of America

D32030 Use of Stable Isotopes to Trace Bird Migrations and Molecular Nuclear Techniques to Investigate the Epidemiology and Ecology of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Duration: 2010-06-11 to 2015-06-11 Officer: DIALLO, Adama 2nd Officer: UNGER, Hermann

Contracts: 8 Argentina, China, Ethiopia, India, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Turkey

Agreements: 2 Germany(2)

D32029 The Use of Irradiated Vaccines in the Control of Infectious Transboundary Diseases of Livestock

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2017-07-09 Officer: NALETOSKI, Ivancho 2nd Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J.

Contracts: 10 Bulgaria, Canada, China, Egypt, Korea - Republic of, Nepal, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey, United Kingdom

7



E43022 Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition during Early Life; Addressing Nutritional Requirements by Stable Isotope Techniques

Agreements: 2 United States of America(2)

Contracts: 0

Agreements: 0

Contracts: 1 United Kingdom

Duration: 2008-10-30 to 2013-12-31 Officer: MOKHTAR, Najat 2nd Officer: MIRANDA-DA-CRUZ, Beatriz

Contracts: 7 China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Nigeria, Slovenia, Uruguay

Duration: 2009-09-04 to 2014-12-31 Officer: SLATER, Christine 2nd Officer: HUNT, Janet R.

E41015 Stable Isotope Technique to Assess Human Milk Intake in Infants Living in Contaminated Areas

Duration: 2008-09-15 to 2013-09-15 Officer: HUNT, Janet R. 2nd Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.

E43021 Food Fortification and Biofortification to Improve Micronutrients Status During Early Life

Agreements: 2 Brazil, Sweden

Contracts: 1 United States of America

Duration: 2009-09-08 to 2014-02-28 Officer: HUNT, Janet R. 2nd Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.

E43023 Stable Isotope Techniques in the Development and Monitoring of Nutritional Interventions for Infants and Children with Malaria, TB and other Infectious Diseases


2.2.1 Nutrition for Improved Health

2.2 Human Health

Contracts: 6 Brazil, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Iraq, Kenya, Yemen

Duration: 2008-04-01 to 2013-04-30 Officer: ARGILES HERRERO, Rafael 2nd Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge

Agreements: 4 Australia, France, Israel, United States of America

Duration: 2009-05-12 to 2014-05-12 Officer: BOURTZIS, Konstantinos 2nd Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge

D42014 Development and Evaluation of Improved Strains of Insect Pests for SIT

D42013 Applying GIS and Population Genetics for Managing Livestock Insect Pests

D41024 Use of Symbiotic Bacteria to Reduce Mass-rearing Costs and Increase Mating Success in Selected Fruit Pests in Support of SIT Application.

Agreements: 6 Australia, Belgium, France, Italy, New Zealand, United States of America

Duration: 2012-02-10 to 2017-02-09 Officer: CACERES, Carlos 2nd Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge

Agreements: 5 Australia(2), Italy, United States of America(2)

Contracts: 14 Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, China, Greece(2), Guatemala, India, Israel, Mauritius, Mexico, Spain, Turkey

Contracts: 7 Argentina, Guatemala, India, Italy, Mexico, Spain, Thailand

Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2018-06-03 Officer: GILLES, Jeremie Roger Lionel 2nd Officer: BOURTZIS, Konstantinos

D44001 Exploring Genetic, Molecular, Mechanical and Behavioural Methods of Sex Separation in Mosquitoes

Agreements: 11 French Polynesia, Germany, Italy(3), Spain, United Kingdom(2), United States of America(3)

Contracts: 8 Brazil, Cameroon, Cuba, France, Italy, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka

Agreements: 11 Austria, Belgium, France(2), Germany, Greece, Italy, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States of America(2)

D42015 Enhancing Vector Refractoriness to Trypanosome Infection

Agreements: 8 Australia, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Italy, United States of America(3)

Contracts: 8 Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kenya(2), Slovakia, South Africa, United Republic of Tanzania

Duration: 2013-02-08 to 2018-02-07 Officer: PARKER, Andrew Gordon 2nd Officer: ABD ALLA, Adly Mohamed Mohamed

8



E13039 Enhancing Capacity for Early Detection and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Through Imaging

Agreements: 1 Italy

Duration: 2011-11-18 to 2016-11-18 Officer: KASHYAP, Ravi 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

Agreements: 2 Australia, United Kingdom

Duration: 2013-07-04 to 2016-07-04 Officer: PASCUAL, Thomas NB 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

Agreements: 3 Australia, Canada, United Kingdom

Contracts: 9 Brazil(2), India(2), Israel(2), Pakistan, South Africa, Uruguay

E13038 Clinical use of Myocardial SPECT Imaging and CT Angiography in Coronary Artery Disease

Contracts: 7 Brazil, Czech Republic, India(2), Mexico, Slovenia, Turkey

Duration: 2010-11-15 to 2015-11-15 Officer: KASHYAP, Ravi 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

Contracts: 15 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Costa Rica, Egypt, India(2), Kenya, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Slovenia, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia, Turkey, Uganda, Zambia

E12017 Standardizing Interpretation Criteria for Early Response Evaluation with 18f-FDG PET/CT in Paediatric Lymphoma

Duration: 2013-09-13 to 2016-09-13 Officer: NUÑEZ MILLER, Rodolfo 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

E13040 Integrated Imaging (SPECT/CT; PET/CT; MRI) in Infection/Inflammation Spine Pathology

Contracts: 10 Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, India, Israel, Italy, Pakistan, South Africa, United Kingdom, Uruguay

2.2.2 Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging

E43024 Nuclear Techniques to Assess Body Composition in Children and Adolescents as a Risk Factor in the Development of Chronic Diseases

Agreements: 0

Duration: 2011-09-20 to 2017-09-19 Officer: SLATER, Christine 2nd Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.

E43026 Doctoral CRP on Stable Isotope Techniques to Assess Intake of Human Milk and Body Composition of Infants and Young Children up to Two Years of Age.

Contracts: 7 Australia, Burkina Faso, India, Kenya, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand

Duration: 2010-09-02 to 2015-09-02 Officer: SLATER, Christine 2nd Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.

Agreements: 1 United States of America


Agreements: 3 Australia, Chile, New Zealand

Contracts: 11 Brazil, China, Cuba, Guatemala, India(2), Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Uruguay

E43025 Stable Isotope Techniques to Design Effective Food Fortification Strategies in Settings with High H. Pylori Infection

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Bangladesh(2), Chile, Cuba, India, Morocco, United Republic of Tanzania

Duration: 2011-04-27 to 2016-04-27 Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U. 2nd Officer: MOKHTAR, Najat

E43029 Using Nuclear Techniques to Assess the Role of Nutrition-Sensitive Agri-Food Systems in Improving Diet, Health and Nutritional Status of Vulnerable Populations

Agreements: 1 Australia

Duration: 2013-11-13 to 2019-11-13 Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U. 2nd Officer: WEGNER, Christopher William

E43027 Using Nuclear Techniques to Develop and Evaluate Food-Based Strategies to Prevent Micronutrient Deficiencies in Young Children

Contracts: 4 Bangladesh, Cuba, Mexico, Myanmar

Contracts: 5 Brazil, India, Italy, Kenya, United Kingdom

Contracts: 9 Bangladesh, Guatemala, India, Mexico(2), United States of America(2), Zambia, Zimbabwe

Duration: 2011-11-18 to 2016-11-17 Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U. 2nd Officer: HUNT, Janet R.

Agreements: 1 Germany

Duration: 2013-07-04 to 2018-07-04 Officer: MOKHTAR, Najat 2nd Officer: SLATER, Christine

E43028 Doctoral CRP on Longitudinal Measures of Body Composition of Healthy Infants and Young Children up to 2 Years of Age Using Stable Isotope Techniques

9



E33034 Resource-Sparing Curative Treatment for Rectal Cancer

Agreements: 0

Contracts: 9 Canada, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, India(2), Indonesia, South Africa(2)

Duration: 2009-09-04 to 2014-09-04 Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo 2nd Officer: PRASAD, Rajiv Ranjan

E33033 Short Course Versus Standard Course Radiotherapy, in Elderly and/or Fragile Patients with Glioblastoma Multiform (GBM)

Agreements: 1 Austria

Contracts: 6 Brazil, Canada, Georgia, India, Poland, Turkey

Duration: 2009-02-04 to 2015-02-04 Officer: FIDAROVA, Elena 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo

Agreements: 1 Italy

Duration: 2010-11-15 to 2016-11-15 Officer: ZUBIZARRETA, Eduardo Hernan

2nd Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg

E33035 Resource Sparing Curative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck

Agreements: 3 Argentina, India, Uruguay

Contracts: 10 Brazil, Cuba, India(2), Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, South Africa, Thailand, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia

E33026 Clinical/Radiobiological Study on Viral-Induced Cancers’ Response to Radiotherapy, with Comprehensive Morbidity AssessmentDuration: 2006-09-15 to 2014-09-14 Officer: ZUBIZARRETA, Eduardo

Hernan2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo

Contracts: 1 Canada

Agreements: 4 Australia(2), Germany, United Kingdom

E31006 Safety and Optimisation of Radiation Sterilization in Tissue Banking: Studies on Functional Properties of Irradiated Tissue GraftsDuration: 2010-03-18 to 2015-03-18 Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT,

Eduardo

Contracts: 12 Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Peru, Poland, Slovakia, Uruguay

Agreements: 0

E33031 Optimisation of Radiotherapy in Low Resource Settings: Paediatric Cancer Patients

Duration: 2008-10-30 to 2013-10-31 Officer: ZUBIZARRETA, Eduardo Hernan

2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo

Contracts: 1 United States of America

Agreements: 0

E33030 Altered Fractionation and Radio-Sensitisation in Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy

Duration: 2008-10-30 to 2016-10-30 Officer: PRASAD, Rajiv Ranjan 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo

Contracts: 11 Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, India(3), Pakistan(3), Slovenia, South Africa

2.2.3 Radiation Oncology and Cancer Treatment

Duration: 2013-09-13 to 2016-09-13 Officer: PAEZ, Diana 2nd Officer: NUÑEZ MILLER, Rodolfo

E13041 Nuclear Cardiology in Congestive Heart Failure

Value of intraventricular synchronism assessment by gated-SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging inthe management of heart failure patients submitted to cardiac resynchronization therapy (IAEA-VISIONCRT)

Agreements: 0

Contracts: 14 Algeria, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia(2), Cuba, India(2), Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, United States of America, Viet Nam

Agreements: 0

10



Duration: 2013-07-04 to 2016-07-03 Officer: BELACHEW, Dagnachew Legesse

2nd Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J.

F31004 Stable Isotopes in Precipitation and Paleoclimatic Archives in Tropical Areas to Improve Regional Hydrological and Climatic Impact Models

Contracts: 7 Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Ethiopia, India

Agreements: 5 Australia, Japan, Singapore, United States of America(2)

2.3.1 Isotope Data Networks for Hydrology and Climate Studies

2.3 Water Resources

Contracts: 8 Algeria, Brazil, China, Cuba, Czech Republic, India, Poland, Thailand

Agreements: 6 Australia, Austria, Belgium, Finland, Sweden, United States of America

E24018 Development of Quality Audits for Advanced Technology (IMRT) in Radiotherapy Dose Delivery

Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2016-06-03 Officer: IZEWSKA, Joanna 2nd Officer: HEALY, Brendan

Contracts: 6 Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Mexico, Montenegro, Morocco, Thailand

Agreements: 6 Australia, Belgium, Italy, United Kingdom(2), United States of America

E24019 Doctoral CRP in "Advances in Medical Imaging Techniques"

Duration: 2013-07-04 to 2017-08-04 Officer: DELIS, Harry 2nd Officer: POLI, Gian Luca

Agreements: 2 Canada, United States of America

E21008 Development of Advanced Dosimetry Techniques for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology

Duration: 2010-06-11 to 2013-06-11 Officer: DELIS, Harry 2nd Officer: GOMOLA, Igor

Contracts: 5 Brazil, Bulgaria, China, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of Tanzania

Agreements: 2 Germany, United States of America

E21007 Development of Quantitative Nuclear Medicine Imaging for Patient Specific Dosimetry

Duration: 2009-06-11 to 2014-06-11 Officer: POLI, Gian Luca 2nd Officer: DELIS, Harry

Contracts: 7 Bangladesh, Brazil, Croatia, Cuba, South Africa, Thailand, Uruguay

Agreements: 6 Australia, Austria, Finland, Greece, Italy, United Kingdom

Contracts: 1 Cuba

Agreements: 6 Canada, Italy, Spain, United States of America(3)

E24017 To Investigate the Relationship Between end to end Accuracy and Quality Assurance Extent and Depth in Radiotherapy

Duration: 2008-06-15 to 2013-12-31 Officer: MEGHZIFENE, Ahmed 2nd Officer: IZEWSKA, Joanna

Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2017-06-03 Officer: HEALY, Brendan 2nd Officer: CHRISTAKI, Karen

Contracts: 8 Algeria, Argentina, Croatia, India, Philippines, Serbia, Thailand, United States of America

E24015 Doctoral CRP on Quality Assurance of the Physical Aspects of Advanced Technology in Radiotherapy

2.2.4 Quality Assurance and Metrology in Radiation Medicine

Contracts: 21 Algeria, China(2), Cuba, Georgia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Korea - Republic of(2), Lithuania, Malaysia, Philippines, Poland, Russian Federation, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Ukraine, Uruguay, Viet Nam

Duration: 2012-02-10 to 2016-02-09 Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo

E35008 Strengthening of “Biological dosimetry” in IAEA Member States: Improvement of current techniques and intensification of collaboration and networking among the different institutes.

Agreements: 4 France, Japan(2), United Kingdom

11



F22052 Development and Preclinical Evaluations of Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals Based on Lu-177 and Y-90 Labeled Monoclonal Antibodies and Peptides

Duration: 2010-11-15 to 2015-11-15 Officer: BHONSLE, Uday 2nd Officer: KASHYAP, Ravi

F22050 Development of Ga-68 based PET-Radiopharmaceuticals for Management of Cancer and other Chronic Diseases

Agreements: 7 Australia, Austria, Chile, Germany, India, Italy, Poland

Contracts: 10 Brazil, China, India, Mexico, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, Uruguay

2.5.1 Radioisotope Products for Management of Cancer and other Chronic Diseases

2.5 Radioisotope Production and Radiation Technology

Duration: 2013-07-04 to 2017-07-04 Officer: FESENKO, Sergey 2nd Officer: PITOIS, Aurelien Rene Robert

K41013 Environmental Behaviour and Potential Biological Impact of Radioactive Particles

Contracts: 6 Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation(2), Thailand, Ukraine

Agreements: 7 Australia, Germany, Norway, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America

2.4.4 Terrestrial, Aquatic and Atmospheric Ecological Processes

Agreements: 1 United States of America

Duration: 2012-09-17 to 2016-09-17 Officer: KAVANAGH, Christopher James 2nd Officer: DECHRAOUI BOTTEIN, Marie-Yasmine

K41012 Ocean Acidification and the Economic Impact on Fisheries and Coastal Society

Contracts: 9 Brazil, Canada, Chile, Ghana, Kenya, Kuwait, Namibia, Peru, Philippines

2.4.2 Nuclear Techniques to Understand Climate and Environmental Change

2.4 Environment

Agreements: 4 France, Japan, United Kingdom, United States of America

F33019 The Use of Environmental Isotopes to Assess Sustainability of Intensively Exploited Aquifer Systems

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Morocco, Pakistan, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia, Turkey

Duration: 2010-09-02 to 2015-09-02 Officer: MATSUMOTO, Takuya 2nd Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J.

F33018 Estimation of Groundwater Recharge and Discharge by Using the Tritium-Helium-3 Dating Technique

Agreements: 5 Australia, France, New Zealand, Poland, Spain

Contracts: 9 Argentina, China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Morocco, Pakistan, Tunisia, Viet Nam

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2016-07-09 Officer: KUMAR, Bhishm 2nd Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J.

2.3.3 Radio-isotope Applications for Hydrology

F32006 Use of Environmental Isotopes in Assessing Water Resources in Snow, Glacier, and Permafrost Dominated Areas under Changing Climatic ConditionsDuration: 2010-06-11 to 2014-06-11 Officer: CHOUDHRY, Manzoor Ahmad 2nd Officer: AGGARWAL,

Pradeep

Agreements: 4 Canada, Italy, Japan, Russian Federation

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Georgia, India, Morocco, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia

2.3.2 Isotope Based Assessments of Water Resources

12



Agreements: 18 France(3), Germany(2), Lithuania, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom(8), United States of America

T21027 Processing Technologies for High Level Waste, Formulation of Matrices and Characterisation of Waste Forms

Contracts: 3 China, Lithuania, Russian Federation

T21026 Treatment of Irradiated Graphite to Meet Acceptance Criteria for Waste Disposal

Duration: 2010-12-13 to 2014-12-12 Officer: OJOVAN, Michael 2nd Officer: SAMANTA, Susanta Kumar

Contracts: 0

Duration: 2012-06-25 to 2016-06-27 Officer: SAMANTA, Susanta Kumar 2nd Officer: MELE, Irena

3.4.2 Good Practices and Technologies for Radioactive Waste Management, Decommissioning and Environmental Remediation

3.4 Management of Radioactive Waste

F23029 Radiation Treatment of Wastewater for Reuse with Particular Focus on Wastewaters Containing Organic Pollutants

Agreements: 4 Canada, Italy, United Kingdom, United States of America

Duration: 2010-11-15 to 2016-11-15 Officer: SABHARWAL, Sunil 2nd Officer: SAFRANY, Agnes

Agreements: 7 France, Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of(2), Saudi Arabia, United States of America

Contracts: 10 Algeria, Brazil, China, Egypt, Hungary, Malaysia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Turkey

Contracts: 10 Algeria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Egypt, Malaysia, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Thailand, Turkey

Duration: 2011-03-14 to 2015-03-14 Officer: SAFRANY, Agnes 2nd Officer: SABHARWAL, Sunil

F22051 Radiation Curing of Composites for Enhancing their Features and Utility in Health Care and Industry

Agreements: 5 Canada, France, Germany, Italy, United States of America

Contracts: 10 Brazil, Egypt, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Poland, Serbia, Thailand, Turkey, Viet Nam

Duration: 2012-03-28 to 2016-03-27 Officer: ZEMAN, Andrej 2nd Officer: OSSO JUNIOR, Joao Alberto

F11018 Application of Two and Three Dimensional Neutron Imaging with Focus on Cultural Heritage Research.

Agreements: 6 Australia, Germany(2), Italy, Japan, Switzerland

Contracts: 10 Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cuba, Egypt, Malaysia, Romania, Russian Federation, South Africa, Thailand

Agreements: 6 France, Germany, Korea - Republic of, Norway, Poland, United States of America

Contracts: 12 Brazil, China, Cuba, Ghana, India, Malaysia, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, Poland, Tunisia, Viet Nam

Duration: 2013-02-08 to 2017-02-07 Officer: SAFRANY, Agnes 2nd Officer: SABHARWAL, Sunil

F22063 Application of Radiation Technology in the Development of Advanced Packaging Materials for Food Products

F22060 Radiometric Methods for Measuring and Modelling Multiphase Systems Towards Process Management

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2016-07-09 Officer: BRISSET, Patrick Dominique M. 2nd Officer: OSSO JUNIOR, Joao Alberto

2.5.2 Radiation Technology Applications for Health Care and Cleaner Industrial Processes and Practices.

F22062 Accelerator-based Alternatives to Non-HEU production of Mo-99/Tc-99m

Duration: 2011-02-07 to 2016-02-06 Officer: DUATTI, Adriano 2nd Officer: KASHYAP, Ravi

Contracts: 9 Argentina, Brazil, China, Cuba, Czech Republic, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia

Agreements: 8 Austria, Hungary, India, Italy(2), Poland, United States of America(2)

Duration: 2011-12-14 to 2015-12-13 Officer: OSSO JUNIOR, Joao Alberto 2nd Officer: DUATTI, Adriano

Agreements: 9 Canada(2), Germany, Italy(2), Japan, Korea - Republic of, Saudi Arabia, United States of America

Contracts: 6 Armenia, Brazil, Hungary, India, Poland, Syrian Arab Republic

13



Duration: 2013-09-05 to 2016-09-05 Officer: SMITH, David Kenneth 2nd Officer: BULL, Tegan Claire

J02003 Identification of High Confidence Nuclear Forensics Signatures for the Development of National Nuclear Forensics Libraries

Agreements: 2 Canada, Germany

Duration: 2013-11-15 to 2017-11-15 Officer: JANG, Sung Soon 2nd Officer: KHALIQ, Muhammad

J02004 Development of Nuclear Security Assessment Methodologies (NUSAM) for Regulated Facilities.

Contracts: 4 Brazil, Greece, Hungary, Indonesia

Agreements: 9 Bangladesh, Egypt, Hungary, India, Iraq, Japan(2), Netherlands, United States of America

Contracts: 0

3.5.2 Contributing to the Establishment of a Global Nuclear Security Framework

3.5 Nuclear Security

Agreements: 18 Australia, Belgium, China, France(2), India, Japan, Russian Federation(3), South Africa, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States of America(5)

14


CRPs Approved But Not Yet Initiated at End 2013

E33038 Radiation Therapy Planning of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer based on PET/CT (Radiation Oncology component).

E13042 Radiation Therapy Planning of Non-small cell lung cancer based on PET/CT. (Diagnostic component)


2.2 Human Health

D32031 Early and Rapid Diagnosis and Control of TADs - second phase - African Swine Fever (ASF)


D41025 Dormancy Management to Enable Mass-rearing and Increase Efficacy of Sterile Insects and Natural Enemies



F11019 Development of Molecular Concentration Mapping Techniques Using MeV Focussed Ion Beams


T34003 Condition Monitoring and Incipient Failure Detection of Rotating Equipment in Research Reactors


G42005 Experiments with Synchrotron Radiation for Modern Environmental and Industrial Applications

G42006 In Situ Measurements for Rapid Environmental Mapping of Contaminated Sites

F12026 Advanced Moderators for Intense Cold Neutron Beams in Materials Research


1.4 Nuclear Science

T13015 Management of Severely Damaged Spent Fuel and Corium


T12027 Reliability of High Power, Extended Burnup and Advanced PHWR Fuels

1.2.2 Nuclear Power Reactor Fuel Engineering


I35005 Application of Advanced Low Temperature Desalination Systems to Support NPPs and Non-electric Applications


I31025 Understanding and Prediction of Thermal-Hydraulics Phenomena Relevant to SCWRs

I31026 Modular High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor Safety Design


1.1 Nuclear Power

15


CRPs Approved But Not Yet Initiated at End 2013

F22064 Nanosized Delivery Systems for Radiopharmaceuticals


F23030 Instructive Surfaces and Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Using Radiation Technology. (Conducted Jointly with E31007)



F33021 Application and Development of Isotope Techniques to Evaluate Human Impacts on Water balance and Nutrient Dynamics of Large River Basins


2.3 Water Resources

E33036 Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Versus Transarterial Chemoembolization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

E33037 Evidence-Based Assessment of Radiotherapy Demand and Quality of Radiotherapy Services

E31007 Instructive Surfaces and Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Using Radiation Technology. (conducted jointly with F23030)


16


Coordinated Research Projects Completed in 2013

D12011 Integrated Isotopic Approaches for an Area-wide Precision Conservation to Control the Impacts of Agricultural Practices on Land Degradation and Soil Erosion


G42003 Micro-analytical Techniques Based on Nuclear Spectrometry for Environmental Monitoring and Material Studies

Duration: 2008-07-15 to 2012-07-14Completed: 2013-03-15PO Evaluated Date: 2014-04-07

Primary Officer: FORREST, Robin A.Secondary Officer: ABRIOLA, Daniel Hugo

F44002 Nuclear Data Libraries for Advanced Systems: Fusion Devices (FENDL-3)


Primary Officer: ADELFANG, PabloSecondary Officer: SOLLYCHIN, Rayman

T12020 Conversion of Miniature Neutron Source Research Reactors (MNSR) to Low Enriched Uranium (LEU)

Duration: 2010-03-18 to 2013-05-31Completed: 2013-06-17

Primary Officer: KARYDAS, Andreas GermanosSecondary Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

F41025 Characterization of Size, Composition and Origins of Dust in Fusion Devices


Primary Officer: RIDIKAS, DanasSecondary Officer: INOZEMTSEV, Victor

F12023 Development, Characterization and Testing of Materials of Relevance to Nuclear Energy Sector Using Neutron Beams


Primary Officer: BRAAMS, Bastiaan JohanSecondary Officer: CHUNG, Hyun Kyung

F43016 Data for Surface Composition Dynamics Relevant to Erosion Processes


Primary Officer: BRAAMS, Bastiaan JohanSecondary Officer: CHUNG, Hyun Kyung

1.4 Nuclear Science

L53002 Increasing NPP Performance through Process-oriented Knowledge Management Approach


Primary Officer: PASZTORY, ZoltanSecondary Officer:


I31018 Development of Methodologies for the Assessment of Passive Safety System Performance in Advanced Reactors


Primary Officer: SUBKI, M. HadidSecondary Officer: LYUBARSKIY, Artur

I31016 Heat Transfer Behaviour and Thermo-hydraulics Code Testing for Super-critical Water Cooled Reactors (SCWRs)


Primary Officer: YAMADA, KatsumiSecondary Officer: HARPER, Mark J.

I32008 Benchmarking Severe Accident Computer Codes for Heavy Water Reactor Applications


Primary Officer: MONTI, StefanoSecondary Officer: KHAMIS, Ibrahim

I33012 Control Rod Withdrawal and Sodium Natural Circulation Tests Performed during the PHENIX End-of-Life Experiments


Primary Officer: CHOI, Jong HoSecondary Officer: KIM, Manwoong

1.1 Nuclear Power

17




Primary Officer: ROSENBLATT, EduardoSecondary Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg

E33027 Improving Outcomes in Radiotherapy Using New Strategies of Treatment Delivery with Focus onOesophageal Cancer

E33025 Resource Sparing Curative Treatment in Breast Cancer

E24016 Development of Quality Audits for Radiotherapy Dosimetry for Complex Treatment Techniques


Primary Officer: IZEWSKA, JoannaSecondary Officer: MEGHZIFENE, Ahmed

E33029 Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer


Primary Officer: FIDAROVA, ElenaSecondary Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo


Primary Officer: ROSENBLATT, EduardoSecondary Officer: ZUBIZARRETA, Eduardo Hernan

E33028 Investigation of Optimal Radiotherapy Regimen and Type of Irradiation in Treatment of Painful Bone Metastasis


Primary Officer: PASCUAL, Thomas NBSecondary Officer: PAEZ, Diana


Primary Officer: PAEZ, DianaSecondary Officer: DONDI, Maurizio

E13031 Role of Nuclear Cardiology Techniques in Ischemia Assessment with Exercise Imaging in Asymptomatic Diabetes

E13035 Longitudinal Monitoring of Complicated Osteomyelitis by SPECT/CT

E13037 The Use of Sentinel Lymph Node in Breast, Melanoma, Head & Neck and Pelvic Cancers


Primary Officer: PASCUAL, Thomas NBSecondary Officer: DONDI, Maurizio

2.2 Human Health

D32026 The Early and Sensitive Diagnosis and Control of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR)


Primary Officer: DIALLO, AdamaSecondary Officer: UNGER, Hermann


Primary Officer: NGUYEN, Minh-LongSecondary Officer: DERCON, Gerd

D32024 Control of Contagious Bovine Pleuro Pneumonia


Primary Officer: UNGER, HermannSecondary Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J.

G34002 Biology of Male Mosquitoes in Relation to Genetic Control Programmes


Primary Officer: GILLES, Jeremie Roger LionelSecondary Officer: VREYSEN, Marc J.B.

D52035 Integrated Analytical Approaches to Assess Indicators of the Effectiveness of Pesticide Management Practices at a Catchment Scale


Primary Officer: MAESTRONI, Britt MariannaSecondary Officer: FERRIS, Ian Glen

18



J71013 Innovative Methods in Research Reactor Analysis: Benchmark against Experimental Data on Neutronics and Thermalhydraulic Computational Methods and Tools for Operation and Safety Analysis of Research Reactors.


Primary Officer: KENNEDY, WilliamSecondary Officer: RIDIKAS, Danas

3.2 Safety of Nuclear Installations


Primary Officer: BHONSLE, UdaySecondary Officer: DUATTI, Adriano

F22048 Development of 18F-labeled Radiopharmaceuticals (beyond [18F]FDG) for use in Oncology and Neurosciences


Primary Officer: SAFRANY, AgnesSecondary Officer: HAJI SAEID, M.

F22049 Production and Utilisation of Emerging Positron Emitters for Medical Applications with an Emphasis on Cu-64 and I-124



F23028 Nanoscale Radiation Engineering of Advanced Materials for Potential Biomedical Applications


Primary Officer: HAJI SAEID, M.Secondary Officer: BHONSLE, Uday

F22046 Development of Radiation-Processed Products of Natural Polymers for Application in Agriculture, Healthcare, Industry and Environment



Primary Officer: NIES, HartmutSecondary Officer: HOULBREQUE, Fanny

K41009 Nuclear and Isotopic Studies of the El Niño Phenomenon in the Ocean


Primary Officer: OSVATH, IolandaSecondary Officer: CECCATELLI, Alessia

K41011 Benchmarking Calibration for Low-Level Gamma Spectrometric Measurements of Environmental Samples

2.4 Environment

F33017 Use of Environmental Isotope Tracer Techniques to Improve Basin-scale Recharge Estimation


Primary Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J.Secondary Officer: AGGARWAL, Pradeep

F32005 Quantification of Hydrological Fluxes in Irrigated Lands Using Isotopes for Improved Water Use Efficiency


Primary Officer: KUMAR, BhishmSecondary Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J.

2.3 Water Resources


Primary Officer: FIDAROVA, ElenaSecondary Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo

19




Primary Officer: ORMAI, PeterSecondary Officer: MELE, Irena

T23015 Upgrading of Near Surface Disposal Facilities


20

1.1 Nuclear Power

I31016 Heat Transfer Behaviour and Thermo-hydraulics Code Testing for Super-critical Water Cooled Reactors (SCWRs)

Duration: 2007-09-15 to 2012-09-30Closed Date: 2013-12-12

Primary Officer: YAMADA, KatsumiSecondary Officer: HARPER, Mark J.

I32008 Benchmarking Severe Accident Computer Codes for Heavy Water Reactor Applications


Primary Officer: CHOI, Jong HoSecondary Officer: KIM, Manwoong


T12019 Optimisation of Water Chemistry Technologies and Management to Ensure Reliable Fuel Performance at High Burnup and in Ageing Plants


Primary Officer: INOZEMTSEV, VictorSecondary Officer: DYCK, Gary R.Year Published: 2013

T12022 Improvement of Computer Codes Used for Fuel Behaviour Simulation FUMEX-III


Primary Officer: INOZEMTSEV, VictorSecondary Officer: DYCK, Gary R.Year Published: 2013


I12004 Techno-economic Comparison of Ultimate Disposal Facilities for CO2 and Nuclear Waste


Primary Officer: TOTH, Ferenc L.Secondary Officer: SHROPSHIRE, David EarlYear Published: 2013

1.4 Nuclear Science

F41024 Minor Actinide Neutron Reaction Data (MANREAD)


Primary Officer: OTSUKA, NaohikoSecondary Officer: SIMAKOV, StanislavYear Published: 2013

F43017 Heavy Charged-particle Interaction Data for Radiotherapy


Primary Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto MarioSecondary Officer: DIMITRIOU, PanagiotisYear Published: 2013

T12018 Developing Techniques for Small Scale Indigenous Molybdenum 99 Production Using Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) Fission or Neutron Activation


Primary Officer: BRADLEY, EdwardSecondary Officer: CARRIGAN, AlisaYear Published: 2013

T14002 Accelerator Simulation and Theoretical Modelling of Radiation Effects (SMoRE)


Primary Officer: INOZEMTSEV, VictorSecondary Officer: ZEMAN, AndrejYear Published: 2013


D12009 Managing Irrigation Water to Enhance Crop Productivity under Water-Limiting Conditions: A Role for Isotopic Techniques


Primary Officer: NGUYEN, Minh-LongSecondary Officer: HENG, Lee KhengYear Published: 2013


Coordinated Research Projects Evaluated in 2013 - Index

21

D15010 Selection and Evaluation of Food (Cereal and Legume) Crop Genotypes Tolerant to Low Nitrogen and Phosphorus Soils through the Use of Isotopic and Nuclear-Related Techniques


Primary Officer: DERCON, GerdSecondary Officer: DERCON, GerdYear Published: 2013

D32024 Control of Contagious Bovine Pleuro Pneumonia


Primary Officer: UNGER, HermannSecondary Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J.

D32025 The Early and Rapid Diagnosis of Emerging Diseases (focus on avian influenza)


Primary Officer: NALETOSKI, IvanchoSecondary Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J.Year Published: 2013

2.2 Human Health

E33032 Improving Outcomes in Radiotherapy using Novel Biotechnologies: Modification of Tissue Reactions and the Use of Stem Cell Therapeutics


Primary Officer: BELYAKOV, OlegSecondary Officer: ROSENBLATT, EduardoYear Published: 2013

E43019 Body Fat and its Relationship with Metabolic Syndrome Indicators in Overweight Pre-Adolescents and Adolescents


Primary Officer: SLATER, ChristineSecondary Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.Year Published: 2013

2.3 Water Resources

F32004 Isotopic Techniques for Assessment of Hydrological Processes in Wetlands


Primary Officer: ITO, MariSecondary Officer: AGGARWAL, PradeepYear Published: 2013

2.4 Environment

K41010 Coordinate a CRP on Applications of Radiotracer and Radioassay Technologies to Seafood Safety Assessment


Primary Officer: KAVANAGH, Christopher JamesSecondary Officer: LACOUE-LABARTHE, Thomas JosephYear Published: 2013


F22046 Development of Radiation-Processed Products of Natural Polymers for Application in Agriculture, Healthcare, Industry and Environment



F22047 Development of Radiopharmaceuticals Based on 188Re and 90Y for Radionuclide Therapy


Primary Officer: DUATTI, AdrianoSecondary Officer: HAJI SAEID, M.Year Published: 2013

F22049 Production and Utilisation of Emerging Positron Emitters for Medical Applications with an Emphasis on Cu-64 and I-124


Primary Officer: HAJI SAEID, M.Secondary Officer: BHONSLE, Uday

22



F23028 Nanoscale Radiation Engineering of Advanced Materials for Potential Biomedical Applications




T21025 Behaviour of Cementitious Materials in Long Term Storage and Disposal of Radioactive Waste


Primary Officer: MELE, IrenaSecondary Officer: SAMANTA, Susanta KumarYear Published: 2013

23



CRP No. 1405 (I31016)

CRP Evaluation Report

Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Heat Transfer Behaviour and Thermo-hydraulics Code Testing for Super-critical Water Cooled Reactors

(SCWRs)

Section/Division: Nuclear Power Technology Development Section, NENP

Period Covered: 2007-09-15 through 2012-09-30

Total Cost: € 79,622.54

Closed Date: 2013-12-12

Objectives of CRP:

(a) Overall (Agency Project towards which CRP directed):

The CRP contributes the project "1.1.5.2 Technology advances in water cooled reactors for improvements in economics and safety" by facilitating collaboration of researchers in Member States and advancing technologies in the area of thermal-hydraulics of SCWRs.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To establish accurate databases for thermal-hydraulics of supercritical-pressure fluids such as heattransfer, pressure drop, blow down, natural circulation, and flow stability.

• To test analysis methods for SCWR thermo-hydraulic behaviour, and identify code developmentneeds.

Outputs:

• Super-critical Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Databases

• IAEA TECDOC synthesising the results and technology advancements achieved from the CRP fordissemination to Member States

• Joint papers by CRP Participants to be presented at International Conferences and published inTechnical Journals

Impact of the CRP:

• The outputs of the CRP are a most comprehensive and reliable database and the current status ofprediction methods in the area of thermal-hydraulics of SCWRs. They can be a technical reference todevelop and assess SCWR concepts.

• The CRP facilitated close collaboration among the participating institutes and created a communityin the area of thermal-hydraulics of SCWRs. Several bi-lateral or multi-lateral collaborations are inprogress as a result of the cooperation between participating institutes.

Relevance of the CRP:

• The SCWR has been one of the advanced water-cooled reactors, and there has been great interest inboth developing and developed Member States in R&D and conceptual design of SCWRs. The CRPfulfilled the objective of project "1.1.5.2 Technology advances in water cooled reactors forimprovements in economics and safety" and its outputs provides researchers and engineers inMember States with a most comprehensive and reliable database and the current status ofprediction methods in the area of thermal-hydraulics of SCWRs.

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CRP No. 1451 (I32008)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Benchmarking Severe Accident Computer Codes for Heavy Water Reactor Applications

Section/Division: Safety Assessment Section, NSNI


Total Cost: € 25,606.88


Objectives of CRP:


• To improve safety for currently operating plants and to facilitate more economic and safe designs forfuture plants

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To promote international collaboration among IAEA Member States through the benchmarkingexercise to improve severe accident analysis capability for heavy water reactors.

Outputs:

• Technical document TECDOC

• Paper to be published in journal

Impact of the CRP:

• Many countries had a chance to study severe accidents in heavy water reactor for the first timethrough the CRP. They could improve understanding many complex behaviours and analysismethodology for severe accidents in heavy water reactor.


• Fukushima accident in 2011 renewed the attention for severe accidents in nuclear power plants. TheCRP was conducted from 2009 to 2012. The CRP provided a great benefit to IAEA Member Stateswith heavy water reactors.

Recommended future action by Agency:

• The calculated timing of events was more consistent among the seven analyses during the earlystages of the sequence when the severe accident phenomena are relatively less complex. In thisrespect, the phenomena and the processes related to primary heat transport system and steamgenerator response required no special severe accident models. When complexity increasedtowards core disassembly and corium vessel interactions, the agreement among the predictedresults was more divergent from the mean and the standard deviation increased. This observation isindicative of the need to improve the models, additional experiments to understand phenomena,and validation of the models in the core disassembly phase of the severe accident to molten coreconcrete interaction leading to severe challenge to containment integrity. To improve furtherunderstanding and prediction, the followings are recommended: Porosity and its distribution in thedebris bed (suspended and terminal) were not consistent among the various codes used in the CRP.A collection of the current values used by CRP participants and a survey of this phenomenon in LWRapplication is useful to further the understanding. In particular it can affect the overall corium

25

relocation behaviour as well as hydrogen generation rate from the calandria vessel. Following a systematic study of the use and the physical analysis basis of the porosity numbers used by the participants, a sensitivity analysis is required to determine the effect of porosity in the range of 0.2 to 0.5. A rigorous definition of the porosity and why is it used in the analysis is required.

Resulting Publications:

1. TECDOC. 2013. TECDOC is in the final editing stage and will be published within 2013.

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CRP No. 1368 (T12019)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Optimisation of Water Chemistry Technologies and Management to Ensure Reliable Fuel Performance at

High Burnup and in Ageing Plants

Section/Division: Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section, NEFW


Total Cost: € 142,514.20


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP is devoted to updating water chemistry specifications with taking into account materials and design evolution, plant experience feedback, operation of mixed cores and plant ageing in order to avoid fuel failures and operate plants with intact fuel with regard to the whole spectrum of fuel operational parameters. This CRP is directly linked to Agency project 1.2.2.2 "In-reactor behaviour and operational experience of fuel for nuclear power reactors", and devoted to updating water chemistry specifications with taking into account materials and design evolution, plant experience feedback, operation of mixed cores and plant ageing in order to avoid fuel failures and operate plants with intact fuel with regard to the whole spectrum of fuel operational parameters.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• The specific research objective is to understand and to study the mechanisms which may induce thefollowing issues in water cooled power reactors (PWRs, BWRs, VVERs, RBMKs and PHWRs), and alsoto develop recommendations (if possible) how to mitigate them. Emphasis was given to analysis ofmostly harmful phenomena caused by deviation of water chemistry and materials parameters fromoptimal ones, including:

• -Deposit composition and thickness on the fuel;

• -Crud induced power shift (CIPS) and power limitation;

• -Fuel oxide growth and thickness;

• -Corrosion-related fuel failures;

• -Crud induced localized corrosion (CILC);

• -Radioactivity build-up in reactor coolant system (RCS).

• The specific research objective is to understand mechanisms of operational issues in water cooledpower reactors (PWRs, BWRs, VVERs, RBMKs and PHWRs), and also to develop recommendations onhow to mitigate them. Emphasis was given to analysis of most harmful phenomena caused bydeviation of water chemistry and materials parameters from optimal ones, including:

• -Deposit composition and thickness on the fuel;

• -Crud induced power shift (CIPS) and power limitation;

• -Fuel oxide growth and thickness;

• -Corrosion-related fuel failures;

• -Crud induced localized corrosion (CILC);

• -Radioactivity build-up in reactor coolant system (RCS).

Outputs:

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• Information about water chemistry practices and advances, shared at RCMs and summarized in thefinal Report - IAEA-TECDOC.

Impact of the CRP:

• Participants exchanged and analysed information on the present status of materials corrosion/waterchemistry phenomena in water cooled power reactors with regard to the fact of fuel burnupincrease and plant ageing. Despite no new principal issues in the area have been reported, theexcessive fuel corrosion, crud deposition and CIPS were still not completely understood that definesa need for continued work in the area.


• This CRP was strongly recommended and supported by the IAEA TWG on Fuel Performance andTechnology as a re-current priority, and a part of the series of four previous water chemistrycontrol/materials corrosion related CRPs (1981-2005), because corrosion/materials/water chemistryissues are of key importance for reliable nuclear fuel operation in water cooled power reactors.


• According to the opinion of CRP participants and the IAEA TWGFPT, FUWAC CRP was successful andbrought a lot of information and conclusions on the present status of material corrosion processes,and on the impact of water chemistry parameters on these processes. Crud and CIPS issues wereidentified as important challenges for the near future.


• IAEA-TECDOC. 2011. Optimization of Water Chemistry to Ensure Reliable Water Reactor FuelPerformance at High Burnup and in Ageing Plant (FUWAC), IAEA-TECDOC-1666 (2011), Vienna

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CRP No. 1489 (T12022)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Improvement of Computer Codes Used for Fuel Behaviour Simulation FUMEX-III



Total Cost: € 125,035.98


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP evaluated performance of 21 national or multinational codes from 21 countries verifying them against 50 well instrumented irradiation cases with regard to different reactor types, high burnups, different fuel types (e.g. U-Gd, MOX), and different transient conditions. Thus, full knowledge transfer in fuel performance evaluation for present and near future operation parameters was done.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Select well instrumented and recorded experiments in test and power reactors with pre-definedparameters (burnup, steady-state or power ramp/accident conditions, fuel type (standard, MOX, U-Gd) and some others.

• Calculate for selected cases the following characteristics: fuel temperature, fuel swelling, fission gasrelease, cladding dimensional changes.

• Compare calculated and experimental results and make conclusion on code calculating capabilities;

• Learn more about multinational codes submitted by the IAEA to interested Member States in theframework of FUMEX CRPs (e.g. EU codes TRANSURANUS or TRANSURANUS-VVER).

Outputs:

• Knowledge on predictive capacities of the codes of CRP members for current fuel operationalparameters, including such difficult phenomena as pellet-cladding interaction and fuel geometrychanges. In addition, participants received more information and practice on the use

Impact of the CRP:

• Participants of the CRP received an access to code development activities in the IAEA Member Stateswith significant experience in the area, e.g. China, France/Germany, Japan, Korea, RussianFederation, and USA. Also they received an access to the joint NEA-IAEA IFPE database, and gotpractical experience with the TRANSURANIUS code of EU. Participants evaluated predictivecapabilities of their and multinational codes with regard to present operation parameters in steady-state, transient and some accident conditions. Participation in this CRP allowed participants tounderstand directions for further improvements of their codes.


• Fuel performance modelling (with results of supporting experiments and respective codes verified bythese experiments) is an obligatory part of the package required from fuel vendor to obtain permitof safety authorities on commercial fuel loading into nuclear power plant. FUMEX CRP is a jointeffort of major fuel developing/operating countries under the IAEA auspices and with assistance offuel data providers, including some participating countries, Halden Reactor Project and joint NEA-

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IAEA IFPE Database. This CRP FUMEX-III was strongly recommended and supported by the IAEA TWG on Fuel Performance and Technology as a continuation of the FUMEX CPR series (FUMEX and FUMEX-II).


• It was agreed that the comparisons of idealized cases in FUMEX-II and FUMEX-III CRPs was veryuseful and can be recommended in identifying codes issues and ways of their resolution.


• IAEA-TECDOC. 2013. IAEA-TECDOC-1697 "Improvement of Computer Codes used for Fuel BehaviourSimulation (FUMEX-III)" is in publication.

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CRP No. 1544 (I12004)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Techno-economic Comparison of Ultimate Disposal Facilities for CO2 and Nuclear Waste

Section/Division: Planning and Economic Studies Section 3EAnalysis Unit, NE


Total Cost: € 103,538.69


Objectives of CRP:


The CRP is part of the Project 1.3.2.1 Technoeconomic Analysis, under the Sub-Programme 1.3.2 Energy Economy Environment (3E) Analysis. The objectives of the Sub-Programme 1.3.2 as defined in the Programme and Budget for 2008-2009 include: To improve decision making among Member States and international organizations about technology choices and sustainable development strategies. The CRP provided a good platform to share new and important information to Member States as well as to the Agency through its contributions to international research, and hence in achieving the objectives of the Sub-Programme 1.3.2. The CRP also helped in creating a link between the nuclear and fossil fuel communities.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• As part of the Agency’s ongoing work on ‘Sustainable Energy Development’, this CRP generatedstate-of-the-art information about a range of issues in the geological disposal of CO2 and nuclearwaste (NW) relevant for the participating countries in a comparative framework.

Outputs:

• The IAEA Technical Document or TECDOC on “Techno-economic Comparison of Ultimate Disposalfacilities for Carbon Dioxide and Radioactive Waste”; and

• A Special Issues of the International Journal of Global Energy Issues (IJGEI) on ‘Comparative analysisof the geological disposal of carbon dioxide and radioactive waste’ (working title), based on the CRPtheme topics that form the sections of the TECDOC (i.e. in the areas of geology, site engineering,environmental impacts, risk and safety assessment, monitoring, costs, public acceptance and policy,regulations and institution)

Impact of the CRP:

• Within this CRP the comparative assessment for each disposal option required the involvement andinteraction between scientists, engineers, economists, safety analysts, and experts in politics andpublic acceptance from the participating countries. In each area of the theme sections of the CRP,i.e. geology, site engineering, environment, risk and safety, monitoring, costs, public acceptance,policy, institutions and regulations, very good contacts on the working level have been established.They allow participants to continue to work together and share knowledge and experience in theirrespective area on a bilateral or multilateral level also after the formal closing of the CRP.

• The different CO2 storage and radioactive waste disposal options are in general considered by twodifferent communities, which are not (yet) very well linked for sharing information. The results ofthis CRP, as documented in this report, indicate that there are a number of similarities within thesetwo options and that the two communities may learn from each other. But the results also show

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that from the differences, indicated in this report, useful valuable information may also be derived from both disposal options.


• The CRP research and findings will assist existing and potential interested stakeholders in identifyingstate-of-the-art information about a range of issues in the geological disposal of Carbon Dioxide(CO2) and radioactive waste (radioactive waste). The investigations on the feasibility, options andcapacities for geological disposal of CO2 and radioactive waste, prevailing in the participatingcountries will assist policymaking, particularly in energy and environmental policy field.


• The CRP project has been very valuable for the participating Member States and will assist withpolicy analysis and climate change mitigation strategy. A very strong recommendation by allMember States is to have a follow-on CRP that should cover nuclear option compared with othertechnological options, covering socio-economic aspects and more detail economic analysis related togeological disposal.


1. TECDOC. 2013. Techno-economic Comparison of Ultimate Disposal facilities for Carbon Dioxide andRadioactive Waste

2. A Special Issues of the International Journal of Global Energy Issues (IJGEI) . 2013. ‘Comparative analysis ofthe geological disposal of carbon dioxide and radioactive waste’

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CRP No. 1409 (F41024)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Minor Actinide Neutron Reaction Data (MANREAD)

Section/Division: Nuclear Data Section, NAPC


Total Cost: € 109,814.59


Objectives of CRP:


The scientific output of this CRP constitutes a significant contribution to “the safe and economic application of nuclear technologies in MS by ensuring convenient access to accurate and reliable nuclear data for energy and non-energy applications” (Sub-programme D1 Atomic and Nuclear data). In particular, new experimental neutron-induced reactions cross sections for minor actinides finalized and published by the participants of this CRP will be utilised in evaluation of more accurate evaluated data libraries of these minor actinides, and contribute to development of design and operation for transmutation of highly active spent fuel. The scientific output of this CRP constitutes a significant contribution to “the safe and economic application of nuclear technologies in MS by ensuring convenient access to accurate and reliable nuclear data for energy and non-energy applications” (Sub-programme D1 Atomic and Nuclear data). In particular, new experimental neutron-induced reactions cross sections for minor actinides finalized and published by the participants of this CRP will be utilised in evaluation of more accurate evaluated data libraries of these minor actinides, and contribute to development of design and operation for transmutation of highly active spent fuel.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Report measurements of neutron-induced reaction cross sections on MA just completed or plannedin the period of activity of the CRP, at research laboratories worldwide.

• A worldwide assessment will be made of the experimental capabilities to undertake measurementsof neutron reaction cross sections for the important isotopes of the minor actinides.

• Uncertainty assessment of available experimental information on MA neutron cross section data(including data from measurements to be performed in the next two-year period). Assessment ofthe quality and uncertainties of MA data present in the evaluated nuclear data libraries (ENDF/B-VII,JEFF3.1, BROND-2.2, JENDL-3.3, etc.).

• Publish a final technical report and make new reaction cross section data available online and fordistribution on CD-ROM.

Outputs:

• See Specific Research Objectives.

• (See 7. Specific Research Objectives)

Impact of the CRP:

• A large set of new experimental data were published and also compiled in the EXFOR library duringthis CRP. They will have significant impact on evaluations for next releases of neutron-inducedreaction evaluated data libraries (e.g., ENDF/B, JEFF, JENDL, CENDL, BROND).

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• The CRP participants were able to measure, assess and evaluate neutron induced reaction crosssections for a set of minor actinides (234,236U, 237Np, 238,240,241,242Pu, 241,242,242m, 243Am).These newly obtained experimental and evaluated data will be incorporated in the next releases ofnational data libraries such as ENDF/B, JEFF, JENDL, CENDL and BROND, and will provide moreaccurate inputs for reactor core designing. In such a way the results of this CRP will have a significantimpact on developments of next generation nuclear energy systems (e.g., GEN IV reactors,accelerator-driven minor actinide burner, and hybrid fusion-fission system) carried out by MemberStates.


• 237Np(n,f) cross sections measured at LANL LANSCE facility was used as an input to the least-squares analysis (GMA) for evaluation of JENDL-4.0.


• Use new experimental data to improve nuclear reaction modelling and nuclear data evaluations ofneutron induced reactions on the minor actinides studied in the CRP as well as major actinides like235U, 238U, 239Pu.


1. Journal article. 2007. Measurement of the 237Np(n,?) cross section from 20 meV to 500 keV with a highefficiency, highly segmented 4p BaF2 detector (Phys. Rev. C 75, 034610)

2. Journal article. 2007. Neutron induced fission cross section of 237Np from 100 keV to 200 MeV(Phys.Rev.C75, 034610)

3. Journal article. 2008. Subthreshold Fission Cross Section of 237Np (Nucl. Sci. Eng. 159, 94)

4. Journal article. 2008. Neutron capture cross section of 241Am (Phys.Rev.C78, 034609)

5. Journal article. 2009. Neutron induced fission of 240,242Pu from 1 eV to 200 MeV (Phys.Rev.C79, 014613)

6. Journal article. 2010. Cross Sections for 239Pu(n,f) and 241Pu(n,f) in the Range En= 0.01 eV to 200 MeV(Nucl. Sci. Eng. 165, 224)

7. Journal article. 2010. Neutron-induced fission cross sections of short-lived actinides with the surrogatereaction method (Phys.Lett.B692, 297)

8. Journal article. 2007. High Resolution Measurement of the 234U(n,f) Cross Section in the Neutron EnergyRange from 0.5 eV to 100 keV (Nucl. Sci. Eng. 156, 211)

9. Journal article. 2010. High resolution measurements of the 241Am(n,2n) reaction cross section(Phys.Rev.C81, 064604)

10. Journal article. 2010. Neutron-induced fission cross section of 234U and 237Np measured at the CERNNeutron Time-of-Flight (n_TOF) facility, Phys. Rev. C82, 034601.

11. Journal article. 2011. Measurement of the 236U(n,f) cross section from 170 meV to 2 MeV at the CERNn_TOF facility (Phys.Rev. C84, 044618)

12. Journal article. 2009. Am-242m and Cm-245 neutron fission cross sections (Atom. Energy 106, 133)

13. Journal article. 2010. Cm-244 subbarrier fission cross-section (Phys.Atom.Nucl.73, 1487)

14. Journal article. 2009. Cm-243 neutron fission cross section (Atom. Energy, 107, 110)34

15. Journal article. 2011. Neutron fission cross sections and resonance integrals for Cm-246-248 (Atom. Energy109, 408)

16. Journal article. 2012. 243-Am neutron fission cross section and resonance parameters (Atom. Energy 111,428)

17. Journal article. 2009. JENDL Actinoid File 2008 (J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. 46, 510)

18. Journal article. 2011. JENDL-4.0: A new library for nuclear science and engineering (J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. 48,

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CRP No. 1427 (F43017)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Heavy Charged-particle Interaction Data for Radiotherapy

Section/Division: Nuclear Data Section, NAPC


Total Cost: € 71,124.64


Objectives of CRP:


The scientific output of this CRP constitutes a significant contribution to “the safe and economic application of nuclear technologies in MS by ensuring convenient access to accurate and reliable nuclear data for radiotherapy with protons and Carbon ions” (Sub-programme D1.03 Nuclear Data for radiotherapy using radioisotopes and external sources).

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To incorporate available experimental information on charged-particle interactions into evaluatednuclear data files or nuclear data parameterizations,

• to make available existing experimental information on charged-particle data interaction relevant toradiotherapy and recommend nuclear data parameterizations and evaluated data, which can beprocessed and used by Monte Carlo code developers and users worldwide,

• to define and make available recommended hadronic physics settings for Monte Carlo transportcodes and applications,

• to activate available human resources and to facilitate interaction and sharing of work within thecommunity in a timely and professional manner

• Data libraries of charged-particle interactions are needed to validate the calculations using nuclearmodels and for direct use in other type of calculations. There are several available Monte-Carloparticle transport codes with the capability to treat the transport of nucleons, electrons, photonsand heavy ions. We expect that most of the existing codes (GEANT4, SHIELD-HIT, FLUKA, PHITS,MCNP, etc.) will be modified so that they could benefit from the use of updated cross-sectionlibraries.

Outputs: a. Research:

o This CRP has brought together researchers from 12 different institutions for collaboration onexperimental and theoretical aspects of atomic and nuclear data for the interaction of heavycharged particles on materials of relevance to radiotherapy. Consultants’ and ResearchCoordination Meetings were held on 20-22 November 2006, 6-9 November 2007, 8-12 June2009, and 22-26 November 2010, and Summary Reports of these meetings have appeared.(INDC (NDS) reports 504, 523, and 560). The Summary Reports are available on the NDS webpage at www-nds.iaea.org/publications/.

o The CRP succeeded to include senior Monte Carlo code developers of relevance to the field:FLUKA (lead author A. Ferrari), Geant4 (two official representative of the collaboration),PHITS (lead author K. Niita), SHIELD-HIT (lead author N. Sobolevsky). The participation ofleading code developers warranted the implementation of CRP recommendations into

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existing Monte Carlo codes fulfilling one of the objectives of the CRP. Recommendations from the CRP have been implemented in the latest versions of major Monte Carlo transport codes used in radiotherapy planning for proton and heavy ions including Geant4, FLUKA, PHITS and SHIELD-HIT.

o Measurements of nuclear fragmentation of carbon beams in water have been compiled.New measurements have been undertaken and data released. Such data are critical forbenchmarking and improving of existing radiotherapy planning systems.

o The participants have produced a large number of scientific articles connected to the subjectmatter of the CRP; see below under Resulting Publications. Additionally, a technical reportINDC(NDS)-0612 documenting newly available nuclear data libraries for the Monte Carlocode Geant4 was published in 2012. Additional documentation is in preparation as an IAEAtechnical report.

b. Others:o A software tool has been developed for transforming any evaluated neutron cross section

library in the ENDF-6 format into the G4NDL format used by the Geant4 Monte Carlosimulation code. Furthermore, eight different releases of ENDF-B, JEFF, JENDL, CENDL andBROND national libraries have been translated into the G4NDL format and are distributedby the IAEA nuclear data service at www-nds.iaea.org/geant4. In this way, GEANT4 usershave access to the complete list of standard evaluated neutron data libraries whenperforming Monte Carlo simulations with GEANT4.

c. Benchmarko Benchmark of spallation reaction models and subsequent analysis concluded, see

http://www-nds.iaea.org/spallations/

Impact of the CRP:

• The CRP has produced a number of measurements, calculations, and compilations of data on protonand carbon ion interaction with human tissues and accelerator structural materials that were notavailable before.


• The CRP had been strongly supported by MS where proton and ion therapy centres are planned or inoperation. The observed increase in proton therapy cancer treatment worldwide highlights theimportance of CRP produced data and recommendations to improve the quality and safety ofpatient dose delivery calculations in radiotherapy.


• Nuclear data needs for proton and carbon ion radiotherapy were addressed. Most of data needs forinteraction data were solved. The participants in this CRP agreed that additional experimental dataare required for proton induced activation reactions in the energy range up to 200 MeV. Such datawill allow benchmarking of theoretical models used for mass production of data required in therapyapplications. Situation need further monitoring, CM dedicated to the proton induced activationreactions is planned.


1. Journal. 2012. Phys. Med. Biol. 57 5169. The impact of modeling nuclear fragmentation on delivered doseand radiobiology in ion therapy. Armin Lühr, David C Hansen, Ricky Teiwes, Nikolai Sobolevsky, Oliver Jäkeland Niels Bassler

2. Journal. 2012. Phys. Med. Biol. 57 4369 . Evaluation of nuclear reaction cross-sections and fragment yields incarbon beams using the SHIELD-HIT Monte Carlo code. Comparison with experiments. Martha Hultqvist,Marta Lazzeroni, Alexander Botvina, Irena Gudowska, Nikolai Sobolevsky and Anders Brahme

3. Journal. 2012. Phys. Med. Biol. 57 2393 Optimizing SHIELD-HIT for carbon ion treatmentDavid C Hansen,Armin Lühr, Nikolai Sobolevsky and Niels Bassler

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CRP No. 193 (T12018)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Developing Techniques for Small Scale Indigenous Molybdenum 99 Production Using Low Enriched

Uranium (LEU) Fission or Neutron Activation

Section/Division: Research Reactor Section, NEFW


Total Cost: € 343,956.98


Objectives of CRP:


(b) Specific (CRP):

• Assess viability of target material fabrication (LEU foil).

• Assess feasibility of small-scale target assembly, irradiation, disassembly, dissolution, andprocessing.

• Assess feasibility of small-scale gel generator production.

• Assess needs for waste management and quality control.

• Assess the feasibility of making LEU target materials.

• Assess the feasibility of assembling targets, performing irradiations, target disassembly, and initialchemical processing.

• Assess the feasibility of manufacturing Tc-99m generators

• Assess needs for waste management and quality control

Outputs:

• Individual country reports

• Technical Report Series Publication

Impact of the CRP:

• The CRP was intended as a large-scale feasibility study -- to allow participants to see whether theyhad the infrastructure and capabilities to produce enough Mo-99 to supply national demand. TheIAEA brought together several institutions that were able to show participants what infrastructureand skills were necessary, and help fellow participants as they tried to carry out some of the workthemselves. The participants involved learned the necessities, and also set an example (beingcaptured in the forthcoming publication) about what other potential small-scale producers maywant to consider if they embark on Mo-99 production.

• Additionally, this CRP showed that making Mo-99 from non-HEU sources (LEU fission and neutronactivation) is very feasible.


• The CRP was originally started to examine feasibility of non-HEU Mo-99 production methods. Againstthe backdrop of minimizing HEU in the civilian nuclear sector and the upcoming conversion of majorMo-99 producers from HEU to LEU, this CRP was extremely relevant, as it showed that at least twonon-HEU paths to Mo-99 production are viable for national and regional demand levels.

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• Additionally, as supply shortages from the major producers became acute in 2009-2010, the CRPtook on a new dimension -- it showed that states that have the ability to produce small quantities ofMo-99 can fulfil their own internal demand at least as a stop-gap, to ensure their Mo-99 supply doesnot disappear entirely. Some states with more infrastructure may want to produce their ownnational demand regularly; others may simply want to have the capability ready should the needarise in the future. This CRP allowed states to see what is involved in Mo-99 production, to makeinformed decisions about which strategy might be best for them to pursue.


• The IAEA has started a Technical Cooperation project (INT1056) to assist small-scale producers insetting up their Mo-99 production, should it prove feasible for them. CRP members wereencouraged - and still are - to join this TC Project if they want to pursue their Mo-99 work.

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CRP No. 1488 (T14002)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Accelerator Simulation and Theoretical Modelling of Radiation Effects (SMoRE)



Total Cost: € 72,706.78


Objectives of CRP:


The accumulated experimental accelerator irradiation data and theoretical analysis of investigated radiation effects considerably contributed to Agency projects 1.2.4.1 “Supporting emerging nuclear fuel cycle technologies for advanced and innovative reactors” and 1.4.3.1 “Accelerator techniques for modification and analysis of materials for nuclear technologies”.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• The CRP would contribute, through sharing the best practices in accelerator irradiation andtheoretical modelling, to better physical understanding of radiation damage in different irradiationenvironments and to enhance simulation capabilities of accelerators for development and testing ofradiation-resistant materials.

Outputs:

• Results of round robin testing and cross-examination of selected materials with the use of differentaccelerator techniques and material characterisation methods (with special attention on scalingissues of small testing samples).

• Database of jointly qualified accelerator experiments and results of material qualifications.

• Scientific papers and presentations, Final CRP report and NE Series Report.

Impact of the CRP:

• The CRP results demonstrated the fruitfulness of joint work of accelerator experimentalists andcondensed matter theoreticians in radiation effects research. The simulation capacities of advancedaccelerator techniques for prediction of very high-dose material behaviour was proven.


• The project successfully addressed the very pending and difficult issue of high-dose irradiationtesting of materials for advanced nuclear power applications, where many important parametersand characteristics are to be theoretically accessed due to lack or absence of experimental data.


• On the basis of the CRP success it is expedient and recommended at RCM-3 to continue this efficientcollaborative effort, with a new project to start in 2015 with the aim of and further development ofaccelerator simulation techniques and theoretical modelling tools.

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• IAEA-TECDOC or NE Series Report. Planned for 2013. The publication of the CRP SMoRE results, withextended overview of the current status of accelerator simulation techniques, theoretical modellingtools, and advanced material characterization methodologies.

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CRP No. 1428 (D12009)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Managing Irrigation Water to Enhance Crop Productivity under Water-Limiting Conditions: A Role for

Isotopic Techniques

Section/Division: Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 550,509.11


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP was formulated on the basis of recommendation of a Consultants' Meeting held at IAEA Headquarters, Vienna, 26 - 29 June 2006. The CRP was conducted in collaboration with National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) in Africa and Asia, and with advanced universities from Austria, Spain and USA. The CRP was supported by in-house through research and analysis carried out at the FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, Seibersdorf. This CRP is contributing to the Agency’s Subprogramme 2.1.1 Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production Systems, Project 2.1.1.2 on Technologies and Practices for Sustainable Use and Management of Water in Agriculture. The CRP is also in line with FAO’s Medium Term Plan MTP 2010-13/PWB 2010-11, Strategic Objective F on ‘Sustainable management of land, water and genetic resources and improved responses to global environmental challenges affecting food and agriculture’. The CRP aimed to improve crop water productivity (production per unit of water input) under water-limiting conditions using isotopic and related techniques. As changes in the proportion of water lost as soil evaporation (E) versus plant transpiration (T) relative to the total sum of evapotranspiration (ET) can affects crop productivity at various spatial and temporal scales, the ability to accurately quantifying water loss from the plant rooting zone through E and T will help to evaluate the effectiveness of land and water management practices that influence E and T components. This CRP supported Member States in their efforts to optimize water use efficiency and its sustainability as part of their effort to increase crop yields. Stable isotopes of water (18O and 2H), carbon-13 and soil moisture neutron probe (SMNP) and conventional approaches (e.g. micro-lysimetry, sap flow) were being used to quantify soil evaporation and transpiration fluxes in different crop types, stages of canopy development and soil surface wetness. The data generated were also used to validate FAO's Aquacrop model for improving irrigation scheduling and agronomic practices for efficient agricultural water use and conservation. The above information will be relevant for Member States in addressing food security and adaptation to the impact of climate change across different agro-ecosystems, crops and irrigation management.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Quantify, and develop means to manage soil evaporative losses to maximise the beneficial use ofwater – the transpirational component of evapotranspiration.

• Quantify, and develop means to improve the amount of biomass produced per unit of transpiration.

• Devise irrigation and related management techniques to enhance the yield component of biomassproduction (Harvest Index).

Outputs:

• Field validation of isotopic techniques for quantifying evaporation and transpiration in cropecosystems.

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• Comparative datasets of evaporation components from different crops and regions.

• Improved estimates of TE (dry matter production per unit of transpiration) of a range of crop speciesand in different environments.

• Better strategies to improve the crop production per unit of water used.

• New information (valuable for plant improvement programmes) on the mechanistic basis of theregulation of crop yield in water-limited environments.

• Data inputs for pilot-testing and validation of FAO water productivity model.

• Enhanced capacity of NARS to conduct applied research on crop water productivity with the aid ofisotopic, nuclear and related techniques.

• Research findings communicated to the wider scientific community for further transfer to thefarmers, which will be the end-users and beneficiaries.

Impact of the CRP:

• Capacity Building:o The CRP brought new skill and cutting-edge new equipment in the use of isotopic and

conventional methods for separating soil evaporation and crop transpiration to the sevencounterparts in Asia, Africa and Europe.

o In Morocco, the counterpart is now working on a new large-scale national project todetermine water losses in the irrigated land as a result of this CRP.

o In Vietnam, improved soil management (mulching) is being implemented on the coffeeplantation in the Tay Nguyen Central Highlands to improve the water use efficiency, also as aresult of the finding from this CRP.

• The CRP also helped to nurture Master and PhD students. For example, in China the ChineseAgricultural University (CAU), three master students and one PhD students have been trained andgraduated from this CRP.

• The CRP also opens up new opportunities to establish new collaboration between scientists indifferent Member States and institutions.

• Several TC projects (e.g. some counterparts in RAF5058 on 'Enhancing the Productivity of High ValueCrops and Income Generation with Small-Scale Irrigation Technologies' and RAS5065 on 'SupportingClimate-Proofing Rice Production Systems (CRiPS) Based on Nuclear Applications') are implementingthe techniques to improve water management.

• A simple, fast and portable vacuum distillation apparatus for extraction water from soil and plantsamples for isotopic analyses for the separation of soil evaporation was also developed as part ofthis CRP. With water isotope analyses becoming cheaper, easier and faster (e.g. the development ofthe fast and accurate laser isotope analyser), the bottleneck in sample throughput is often the waterextraction time instead of the isotopic analysis of water. However, most conventional extractiontechniques are laborious, time consuming and involved complicated setup with specially-made glassapparatus with the needs of liquid nitrogen or dry-ice, all these can be difficult to access indeveloping countries. The new apparatus developed in this CRP can be assembled using acommercial immersion cool, in placed of the liquid nitrogen or dry-ice for freezing water vapour. Themethod can be easily adopted at a relatively low cost and allows large number of samples to beextracted quickly for isotopic analysis. This apparatus has been adapted by many countries since thework was presented at the FAO/IAEA Symposium in 2012.


• Water limitation and drought threaten food security in many regions worldwide. Demands on thelimited water supplies for crop irrigation often are in sharp conflict with other needs such asindustrial and urban activities. Water productivity (WP - biomass produced per unit of water input)and yield of crops varies substantially. Crop transpiration efficiency and soil evaporation componentsof WP and yield have not been adequately quantified under a range of water-limited conditions forimportant crop species. This CRP has developed isotopic methodologies to quantify the soilevaporation component of water losses and determine the transpiration efficiency for severalimportant crop species under a variety of environments. The CRP also developed a simple, fast andportable vacuum distillation apparatus for extraction water from soil and plant samples for isotopicanalyses for the separation of soil evaporation, this will help to reduce the bottleneck in samplethroughput for many soil water and hydrology studies.

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• Results should be transferred to end-users via mobile phone technology. The knowledge of irrigationmanagement should be transmitted via mobile phone with the widespread use of mobile phoneeven in the poorest developing countries in Africa. This is being carried out under RAF5058 projectand the subsequent new regional project in Africa.


1. FAO/IAEA Symposium Proceeding FAO/IAEA International Symposium on 'Managing Soils for Food Securityand Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation'. 2013. Amenzou, N., H. Marah, F. Raibi, J. Ezzahar, S. Khabba,J. Lionel and M. Ismaili. 2013. Isotopic and Conventional Techniques to Improve the Irrigation Practice inOrder to Enhance Agriculture Production under Water Limiting Conditions in Morocco.

2. FAO/IAEA Symposium Proceeding FAO/IAEA International Symposium on 'Managing Soils for Food Securityand Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation'. 2013. Dang, D. N., H. S. Duong, M. C. Khuong, L. K. Heng,and M. L. Nguyen. 2013. Water Use Efficiency of Coffee (Robusta) Under Mulch and Drip Irrigation on theTay Nguyen Plateau, VIET NAM.

3. FAO/IAEA Symposium Proceeding FAO/IAEA International Symposium on 'Managing Soils for Food Securityand Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation'. 2013. Mahmood, K., W. Ishaque1 and L. K. Heng. 2013.Improving Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Regulating Plant-AvailableWater during Crop Development under Semiarid Conditions in Pakistan.

4. FAO/IAEA Symposium Proceeding FAO/IAEA International Symposium on 'Managing Soils for Food Securityand Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation'. 2013. Daozhi Gong, Daozhi, Xurong Mei, Junjie Shi, WeipingHao and Lee Heng. 2013. Partitioning wheat transpiration and soil evaporation with eddy covariance, stableisotope and micro-lysimeter methods in the North China Plain.

5. FAO/IAEA Symposium Proceeding FAO/IAEA International Symposium on 'Managing Soils for Food Securityand Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation'. 2013. Kale, S., B. Sonmez, S. Madenoglu, K. Avag, G. Cayci,C. Kutuk and U. Turker. 2013. Evaluating Water Stress in Wheat Using Carbon Isotope Discrimination andother Crop Physiological Indices in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey.

6. FAO/IAEA Symposium Proceeding FAO/IAEA International Symposium on 'Managing Soils for Food Securityand Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation'. 2013. Li, Guitong, Qin Hu, Xia Wang, Baoguo Li. 2013.Isotope Mass Balance Method to Partition Evaporation from Soil Total Water Loss in Winter Wheat andSpring Maize Cropping Systems in North China Plain.

7. FAO/IAEA Symposium Proceeding FAO/IAEA International Symposium on 'Managing Soils for Food Securityand Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation'. 2013. Mayr, L. M. Aigner and L. Heng. 2013. An ImprovedVacuum Distillation Method for Extracting Soil Water for Stable Isotope Analyses.

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CRP No. 1290 (D15010)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Selection and Evaluation of Food (Cereal and Legume) Crop Genotypes Tolerant to Low Nitrogen and

Phosphorus Soils through the Use of Isotopic and Nuclear-Related Techniques

Section/Division: Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 453,463.11


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP is contributing to the Agency’s subprogramme E1, Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition, Project 2.1.1.5, Integrated soil-water-plant approaches to enhance food production and biomass productivity, and is in line with the Major FAO’s Medium Term Plan and strategic objectives. Food security and environmental sustainability is a main initiative of the FAO to help improve crop yields through efficient utilization of nutrients (particularly N and P) in low fertility soils. The CRP supports the characterization of the plant-nutrition related traits of superior genotypes and to identify mechanisms for adaptation and high productivity of selected legumes and cereals to low N and P soils. It also helps build-up of competence in the use of isotopic techniques (stable N-15 and radioactive P-32/ P-33) to be used in the field as well as in the laboratories to obtain quantitative estimates on optimization of plant nutrient (N and P) uptake and utilization from fertilizers and soils. This CRP assists Member States in their efforts to optimize crop yields and soil productivity in low N and P environments. This includes the development, evaluation validation, and harmonization of appropriate screening protocols for (i) plant root traits (architecture and morphology) associated with enhanced N and P uptake (ii) fractionation of soil N and P to understand the mechanisms of uptake from the different soil N and P pools. The assessment of selected genotypes with enhanced different root architecture and morphology that explores nutrients from different soil depth under the field conditions is relevant for enhancing food security and the long-term sustainability of soil fertility.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• to develop and validate screening protocols for plant traits that enhance N and P acquisition andutilization in major food cereal and legume crops grown in low fertility soils,

• to employ validated screening protocols including the use of isotopic tracer techniques and inducedmutations to identify genotypes with superior N and P acquisition and/or utilization. This mightinclude mutants identified for novel traits

• to assess the selected genotypes with traits for enhanced nutrient acquisition and/or utilization inselected cropping systems, including yield and productivity. This assessment could include long-termsustainability of soil fertility.

Outputs:

• Screening protocols for plant traits that (a) enhance N and P acquisition and nutrient use efficienciesof major cereal crops (maize, upland rice, and wheat), and (b) enhance P acquisition of nitrogen-fixing grain legume crops (common bean, soybean, and cowpea), from low fertility soils where waterdeficit is not the primary constraint to crop production developed and validated

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• Validated screening protocols, including the use of isotopic tracer techniques and inducedmutations, employed to identify genotypes with superior N and P acquisition and nutrient useefficiencies

• Effects of genotypes with enhanced nutrient acquisition and nutrient use efficiencies on croppingsystems performance, including yield and productivity of intercrops and rotations, and long-termsustainability of soil fertility at levels that do not compromise crop productivity assessed

Impact of the CRP:

• This CRP assisted Member States in their efforts to optimize crop yields and soil productivity in low Nand P environments. This includes the development, evaluation validation, and harmonization ofappropriate screening protocols for (i) plant root traits (architecture and morphology) associatedwith enhanced N and P uptake (ii) fractionation of soil N and P to understand the mechanisms ofuptake from the different soil N and P pools. The genotypes of rice, common bean, maize, soybeanand cowpea identified provide valuable resources for plant breeding programmes aimed atenhancing P and N use efficiency in crops and for framers to optimize crop productivity in lownutrient environments. Laboratory and field protocols for evaluation of root traits (architecture andmorphology) contributing to enhanced N and P were developed in collaboration with PennsylvaniaState University and available online (http://roots.psu.edu).The assessment of selected genotypeswith enhanced different root architecture and morphology that explores nutrients from different soildepth under the field conditions is relevant for enhancing food security and the long-termsustainability of soil fertility. The CRP also helped to nature MSc and PhD students.


• Global climate change is likely to exacerbate plant abiotic stress in the coming decades by increasingwater stress and by accelerating soil fertility degradation. To respond to this set of challenges, thereis a need to develop agricultural systems with significantly greater productivity and resilience that atthe same time use limited nutrient resources more efficiently. This CRP contributes to the Agency’sSubprogramme E1, Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition, Project 2.1.1.5, Integrated soil-water-plant approaches to enhance food production and biomass productivity, and is in line with theMajor FAO’s Medium Term Plan and strategic objectives. Food security and environmentalsustainability is a main initiative of the FAO to help improve crop yields through efficient utilizationof nutrients, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in low fertility soils. The CRP supports thecharacterization of the plant-nutrition related traits of superior genotypes and to identifymechanisms for adaptation and high productivity of selected legumes and cereals to low N and Psoils. It also helps build-up of competence in the use of isotopic techniques (stable N-15 andradioactive P-32) in the field as well as in the laboratories to obtain quantitative estimates onoptimization of plant nutrient (N and P) uptake and utilization from fertilizers and soils. Overall, theCRP assists Member States in their efforts to optimize crop yields and soil productivity in low N and Penvironments.


• In order to build on the achievements of this CRP, it is recommended that integrated isotopicapproaches should be used to assess and enhance soil-plant resilience to climate change conditionsthrough nutrient and water capture by roots for enhancing soil and crop productivity. The use of O-18, H-2, O-18 labelled PO4, and N-15 will be valuable to assess food crops with different root depthto capture nutrients and water. Information obtained will help to assess and select crop genotypeswith enhanced root characteristics that explore nutrients and water in low nutrient and drought-prone environments.

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CRP No. 1365 (D32024)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Control of Contagious Bovine Pleuro Pneumonia

Section/Division: Animal Production and Health Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 618,456.85


Objectives of CRP:


The evaluation of existing diagnostic tests for fitness for purpose and the development of a new rapid molecular test for identification of infected animals serves the MS in controlling CBPP more efficiently. Under the programmatic topic Reducing risks from TAD and those of zoonotic importance the CRP intended to support research into technologies and tools to control Contagious Bovine Pleuro-Pneumonia in Africa. The application of nuclear and related techniques like ELISA and molecular diagnostics were seen as prerequisites to decide on a rational strategy how to control or eradicate the disease. As CBPP is the cattle disease in Africa with the highest impact on livestock productivity, this CRP was geared towards the improvement of livelihoods and the millennium goals.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• CBPP is a highly contagious and at the same time chronic disease of cattle, which leads to mortalityor dramatic loss of productivity. Despite being highly infectious, symptoms are rarely observedimmediately after infection but mostly only months later. This limits the understanding andinvestigations on the localisation of an outbreak and makes it difficult to identify the contaminatingindividuals. Therefore the main task was to evaluate the existing diagnostic tests for their fitness forpurpose and to search for the most appropriate tools for disease section. As vaccination does deliveronly a short lived immunity in not even half the vaccinated animal population, an improvedunderstanding of the protective immune response to design the respective tools and to allow for arational development of new vaccines was envisaged. Finally molecular techniques to allow for themonitoring of disease spread through genetic markers were intended.

• Evaluation of serological tests for CBPP:

• The evaluation of 2 new diagnostic tests for fitness for purpose and acceptance by OIE as aprescribed test was performed namely for the CBPP completion ELISA and the LPPQ indirect ELISA.These tests were introduced to all institutes participating and their results in comparison to eachother and against the complement fixation test (reference test) were analysed for randomly takensamples, targeted sampling of infected herds, vaccinated animals and post mortem findings. Inconclusion the c-ELISA performed best in all settings but recent infections and the statement thatvaccinated animals were not giving positive results could not be verified absolutely. Never the lessthis test is fit for disease control up to a very low prevalence rate. The LPPQ ELISA performed well forsero-surveillance, but is not produced anymore. A newly designed card agglutination tests wasevaluated in the field, but had too many (false) positive responders to be useful for an ad hocdisease confirmation.

• The c-ELISA is today the recommended test by OIE.

• Evaluation of the immune response towards infection:

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• A major problem in controlling CBPP is the lack of understanding the immune response of cattle tothe pathogen. It is speculated, that the pathogen can only be controlled by the cellular immuneresponse. In order to test this, and to develop a test indicative for immunity needed for thedevelopment of new vaccines, an experimental setting was developed. Analog to the skin testing oftuberculosis specific unique antigens were produced by the Swiss counterparts and were meant tobe intra-dermally injected together with an adjuvant specifically stimulating dendritic cells.Unfortunately the counterpart did not manage to perform the tests in the way foreseen and hisresults did not give any evidence. Experiments performed at ILRI never the less showed that thepresence of specific T-cells (CD4+) presumed to be protective, did not have predictive value for theoutcome of infection experiments. The gamma interferon test applied for these studies as analternative to the skin test did as well not correlate to the lesions found in 15 experimentallyinfected cows and is therefore as well not suitable. More recent work of ILRI together with IZSTeramo could show an elevated level of TNF alpha in fatally infected animals, but this was to beexpected in such severe inflammations. Finally IZS could demonstrate that macrophages wereremarkably altering their cellular structures after infection with Mycoplasma mmSC, but only in thepresence of pathogen specific antisera, which can explain for instance the delayed onset ofsymptoms (normally only 3-4 weeks after infection) but does as well not help elucidating aprotection mechanism.

• Molecular epidemiology of CBPP:

• As CBPP is a chronic disease, symptoms are readily confused with tuberculosis, severe parasiteinfections or simply malnutrition. This is the reason for its success to spread as it’s not diagnosed. Avery elegant way to show the spread and distribution patterns of an infectious agent is the analysisof its genetic changes in the course of time and thus as well in spatial dimensions as performed forinstance for Influenza. At the start of this CRP no work on genetic markers had been carried out andso the mycoplasma reference laboratory at the VUW was asked to analyse 10 Mycoplasma mm. SCstrains and other mycoplasma strains for genetic variations. Extensive analysis of all strains ondifferent genetic locations applying genomic fingerprinting employing Randomly AmplifiedPolymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR for identification of MmmSC-specific and strain specific PCR productsonly demonstrated a very high degree of homogeneity among MmmSC strains hamperingdifferentiation among strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC. The 2 SNP differencesfound in the strains tested were later on utilized by the world reference laboratory for CBPP todescribe the evolutionary History of CBPP, which most likely only appeared around 300 years ago. Ascientific report by ILRI could demonstrate that bovine mycoplasmas most likely emerged only10.000 years ago from an ancestor form and its genetic diversity is less than 0.05%. So there is nopossibility to perform molecular epidemiology with Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides SC

• Molecular diagnostics:

• As molecular diagnostics (PCR) in developing countries are hampered by the need of sophisticatedprocedures and equipment the CRP aimed at developing a new thermostable test for pathogendetection which can be carried out in the field. Through a technical contract an isothermal PCR (Loopmediated amplification, LAMP) was developed, pretested for specificity in Switzerland and then fieldevaluated. This test can be carried out in around 1 hour from blood samples taken directly in thefield and displays the results including a quality control. This nuclear related test proved to be moresensitive than other molecular tests and has an absolute specificity. A scientific report includingevaluation results from different counterpart laboratories is currently in the review phase to bepublished. This test being cheap ( 2 Euros), rapid and easy to perform ( 3 pipetting steps only) evenin the field will enable veterinary services to counteract CBPP infections much more rapidly and thusmore efficient. This test can now be used by MS laboratories as the required reagent sets can becommercially obtained. In parallel a published conventional PCR was tested in several laboratoriesand the best sample preparation technique evaluated. The conclusion for this was to simply boil andspin a sample in a centrifuge and take as assay template the supernatant.

• Most of the counterpart laboratories are today capable of performing molecular diagnostic for CBPP.

Outputs:

• Evaluation of different serological tests for CBPP

• Evaluation of the immune response towards infection

• Molecular epidemiology of CBPP

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• Molecular diagnostics

• Serological tests validated

• Molecular epidemiology tools developed

• Evaluation of the immune response towards infection

• Molecular diagnostics:

Impact of the CRP:

• This CRP had impact on a number of issues, starting from advancing the capacities of veterinarylaboratories to quicker and more reliable diagnose CBPP, advancing the LAMP technology to athermostable platform allowing the shipment and performance of the diagnostics without coolingand finally having added to the scientific understanding of the pathology of CBPP. This gives the IAEAa technological lead in the development of new thermostable diagnostics like 25 years ago withELISA and adds to the arsenal of molecular diagnostic methods a very simple and cheap alternativeto the lab based PCR technologies.


• CBPP is currently present in at least 22 MS in Africa and is listed as the cattle disease with thehighest impact on productivity and subsequently for the farmer. So addressing this disease is alreadyjustified by its socio-economic impact. Additionally there are only a few institutions worldwideworking on this disease, as it is categorized “exotic” and requires high security laboratories forresearch. This hampers progress, specifically as the disease cannot be mimicked by rodent models.So the results as well as the tools and reference material produced during the CRP are of great helpto the research institutions. And finally in the context of this CRP the LAMP technology wasadvanced to a robust diagnostic kit which allows for the first time to perform a molecular test in thefield.


• It is recommended to continue the cooperation with ILRI to further the development of newirradiated vaccines and to allow for a cooperation of MS with this research institution. Similar thecooperation with Teramo and Bern should be continued to support MS with their expertise.

• FAO is asked to convene again a scientific meeting on CBPP to allow for an update of the researchresults and activities worldwide.


1. Sci paper; Trop Anim Health Prod . 2012. G. Muuka, N. Songolo, S. Kabilika, B. M. Hang’ombe, King S.Nalubamba, J.B. Muma; Challenges of controlling contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa;A Zambian perspective; 2012;

2. Sci paper; Trop Anim Health Prod Aug;44(6):1233-8.. 2012. Sidibé CA, Grosbois V, Thiaucourt F, Niang M,Lesnoff M, Roger F.; Performance evaluation of two serological tests for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia(CBPP) detection in an enzootic area using a Bayesian framework.;

3. Sci paper; Continental J. Veterinary Sciences 5 (1): 1 - 5,. 2011. Bamaiyi, P., Wade, A. MOLECULAREPIDEMIOLOGY OF CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA IN NIGERIA-A REVIEW;

4. sci paper; Vet Ital. 47(4):407-13. 2011;. Scacchia M, Tjipura-Zaire G, Lelli R, Sacchini F, Pini A. Contagiousbovine pleuropneumonia: humoral and pathological events in cattle infected by endotracheal intubation orby exposure to infected animals. .

5. sci paper. Veterinaria Italiana, 2011, 47 (4), 397-405. 2011. Marobela-Raborkgwe C. Contagious bovinepleuropneumonia in Botswana: experience with control, eradication, prevention and surveillance;

6. sci paper; BMC Vet Res. 18;7:72. 2011. Schubert E, Sachse K, Jores J, Heller M. Serological testing of cattleexperimentally infected with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony using four different testsreveals a variety of seroconversion patterns. 2011; .

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7. sci paper; Trop Anim Health Prod. Jun;43(5):1057-62. 2011. Muuka G, Hang'ombe BM, Nalubamba KS,Kabilika S, Mwambazi L, Muma JB. Comparison of complement fixation test, competitive ELISA and LppQELISA with post-mortem findings in the diagnosis of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP). 2011 .

8. sci paper; J Microbiol Methods.; 81(3): 211–218. 2010. Edy M. Vilei and Joachim Frey; Detection ofMycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of cows based on a TaqManrealtime PCR discriminating wild type strains from an lppQ- mutant vaccine strain used for DIVA-strategies;2010; .

9. scu paper; Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 131(3-4):238-45. 2009. Jores J, Meens J, Buettner FF, Linz B,Naessens J, Gerlach GF. Analysis of the immunoproteome of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides smallcolony type reveals immunogenic homologues to other known virulence traits in related Mycoplasmaspecies. 2009

10. sci paper; Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009, 131:238-245. 2009. Jores J, Meens J, Buettner FF, Linz B,Naessens J, Gerlach GF: Analysis of the immunoproteome of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides smallcolony type reveals immunogenic homologues to other known virulence traits in related Mycoplasmaspecies.

11. sci paper: Vet Immunol Immunopathol.;124(1-2):192-7. 2008. Jores J, Nkando I, Sterner-Kock A, Haider W,Poole J, Unger H, Muriuki C, Wesonga H, Taracha EL. Assessment of in vitro interferon-gamma responsesfrom peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cattle infected with Mycoplasma mycoides ssp. mycoides smallcolony type. 2008;

12. 2013. Isothermal Loop-mediated Amplification (LAMP) for Diagnosis of Contagious Bovine Pleuro-PneumoniaG E. Mair, E M. Vilei, A Wade; J Frey, H Unger BMC veterinary; in press

13. 2012. G. Muuka, N. Songolo, S. Kabilika, B. M. Hang’ombe, King S. Nalubamba, J.B. Muma; Challenges ofcontrolling contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa; A Zambian perspective; 2012; TropAnim Health Prod (online first)

14. 2012. Sidibé CA, Grosbois V, Thiaucourt F, Niang M, Lesnoff M, Roger F.; Performance evaluation of twoserological tests for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) detection in an enzootic area using aBayesian framework.; 2012; Trop Anim Health Prod. Aug;44(6):1233-8.

15. 2011. Bamaiyi, P., Wade, A. MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA INNIGERIA-A REVIEW; 2011, Continental J. Veterinary Sciences 5 (1): 1 - 5,

16. 2011. Scacchia M, Tjipura-Zaire G, Lelli R, Sacchini F, Pini A. Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: humoraland pathological events in cattle infected by endotracheal intubation or by exposure to infected animals.2011; Vet Ital. 47(4):407-13

17. 2011. Marobela-Raborkgwe C. Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in Botswana: experience with control,eradication, prevention and surveillance; Veterinaria Italiana, 2011, 47 (4), 397-405

18. 2011. Schubert E, Sachse K, Jores J, Heller M. Serological testing of cattle experimentally infected withMycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony using four different tests reveals a variety ofseroconversion patterns. 2011; BMC Vet Res. 18;7:72.

19. 2009. Jores J, Meens J, Buettner FF, Linz B, Naessens J, Gerlach GF: Analysis of the immunoproteome ofMycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type reveals immunogenic homologues to other knownvirulence traits in related Mycoplasma species. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009, 131:238-245.

20. 2011. Muuka G, Hang'ombe BM, Nalubamba KS, Kabilika S, Mwambazi L, Muma JB. Comparison ofcomplement fixation test, competitive ELISA and LppQ ELISA with post-mortem findings in the diagnosis ofcontagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP). 2011 Trop Anim Health Prod. Jun;43(5):1057-62.

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21. 2010. Edy M. Vilei and Joachim Frey; Detection of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC inbronchoalveolar lavage fluids of cows based on a TaqMan realtime PCR discriminating wild type strains froman lppQ- mutant vaccine strain used for DIVA-strategies; 2010; J Microbiol Methods.; 81(3): 211–218

22. 2009. Jores J, Meens J, Buettner FF, Linz B, Naessens J, Gerlach GF. Analysis of the immunoproteome ofMycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type reveals immunogenic homologues to other knownvirulence traits in related Mycoplasma species. 2009 Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 131(3-4):238-45

23. 2008. Jores J, Nkando I, Sterner-Kock A, Haider W, Poole J, Unger H, Muriuki C, Wesonga H, Taracha EL.Assessment of in vitro interferon-gamma responses from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cattleinfected with Mycoplasma mycoides ssp. mycoides small colony type. 2008; Vet ImmunolImmunopathol.;124(1-2):192-7

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CRP No. 1383 (D32025)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: The Early and Rapid Diagnosis of Emerging Diseases (focus on avian influenza)

Section/Division: Animal Production and Health Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 739,927.60


Objectives of CRP:


E2.02, “Technologies for reducing risk from transboundary livestock diseases and those for veterinary public health”.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Determine the potential use of stable isotope analysis in tracing migratory pathways of wild waterfowl.

• Improve the existing isoscapes for dD and other essential isotopes, especially in the regions of Asiaand Africa.

• Develop SOP for DNA barcoding for differentiation of WWF species using faecal samples.

• Develop SOPs for detection and typing of the AIV in WWF using faecal samples.

• Develop SOPs for detection and quantitative evaluation of the AIV in natural water reservoirs.

• Agreement to examine specific diagnostic systems for early and rapid diagnosis of avian influenza.

• Widening the scope of activities within the CRP network.

Outputs:

• Harmonized SOPs, evaluation and validation of systems/equipment and a quality managementsystem established.

Impact of the CRP: The CRP has an impact in several aspects of the disease control chain, as follows:

a. Harmonized diagnostic techniques are contributing towards better accuracy and reliability ofthe established diagnosis at international level.

b. Multiple test platforms are contributing towards clarification of borderline or ambiguoustest results.

c. Both a) and b) support early and rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases, enabling timelyenforcement of control and/or eradication measures!

d. On-the-spot diagnostic tools are easy, price convenient and reliable. They do not requiremajor laboratory resources, neither highly trained staff. They are additionally easy totransport and simple to manipulate, which enables for establishing of initial diagnosisdirectly in the field with direct transfer of the information to the competent veterinaryauthority.

e. Adapting recognized diagnostic technologies for testing of faecal samples enables for non-invasive and more extensive disease surveillance and obtaining timely and relevantepidemiological information without even capturing the birds!

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f. Stable isotopes reflect the food and water intake in animals (including birds). As individual SI have different spatial pattern, the feeding/drinking of animals at different geographical regions will generate different SI signature in the tissues (especially in the feathers as metabolically inert tissues)! Thus, this technology may replace conventional labelling or installing satellite transmitters, because they can be used in extremely small portion of the population and are dependent on recapture or signal strength! Additionally, if this technology is proven successful, combination of different isotopes may be used for tracing short range migrants, such as foxes, wolfs, wild boars, rodents and thus contribute towards understanding the wildlife epidemiology of numerous animal diseases (FMD, ASF, CSF), including zoonoses, (rabies),

g. The multiple and harmonized diagnostic platforms, as well as on-the-spot diagnostic tools (achievements of this project) are currently used in several TC projects of APH/NAFA, such as BUL/5/002, BOH/5/001, MLI/5/025, RER/5/015, RER/5/016 and others. They will also be used in the future TC projects.

h. Quantifiable result of the approach demonstrated in this project is the continuously increasing number of accredited laboratories using the demonstrated techniques and continuously increasing number of disease reporting to OIE (in terms of number of Member States reporting diseases and the number of diseases reported).

i. Initial results of the stable isotope investigations obtained in this project (mentioned above) are planned to be extended towards understanding their wider applicability, not only in long range migrants (wild migratory birds), but also in short range migrants, such as wild carnivores and ruminants and wild boars. Tracing these animals will largely contribute towards understanding their epidemiological role as carriers of animal diseases, including those with zoonotic impact.


• The CRP is relevant because it affects much wider panel of diseases, than avian influenza and New Castle disease. The above mentioned platforms, upon proper validation may be applied in numerous diseases affecting animal and humans.

• Stable isotope analyses, is relatively new scientific discipline which (in the animal production and health field) gained on interest due to capacity to trace back migrations (and thus pathogens also). However, it seems that this interest will rise in the future, due to extended use of SI in short range migrants.


• Multiple test platforms, on-the-spot diagnostic tools when properly applied are of great benefit to Member States. They also promote peaceful use of nuclear technologies. Thus these investigations should continue!


1. Review article. 2010. Belak S., LeBlanc N., Diallo A., Thoren P., Viljoen G. (2010): Novel and Rapid Technologies for the Early and Diagnosis and Molecular Epidemiology of Viral Diseases. In: Sustainable Improvement of Animal Production and Health, FAO, Rome, 295-303 (Edited by N.E. Odongo, M. Garcia & G.J. Viljoen)

2. Review article. 2009. Belak, S., Kiss, I. and Viljoen, G.J. (2009): New developments in the diagnosis of avian

influenza. Scientific and Technical Review of the OIE, 28: 233-243.

3. Short communication. 2011. Micha Horacek (2011): Backtracking the movements of a migratory bird: a case study of a white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons). Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom, 25, 3146–3150

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4. Research article. 2009. Natalia Goñi, Alvaro Fajardo, Gonzalo Moratorio, Rodney Colina, and Juan Cristina(2009): Modelling gene sequences over time in 2009 H1N1 Influenza A virus populations. Virology Journal, 6:215 – 222

5. Research article. 2009. Zhang Kun, Huang Wei, Li Gang (2009): Development of Rapid Assay for AvianInfluenza A (H5N1) Virus by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method. Letters in biotechnology, 2:217 -220.

6. Research article. 2009. Zhang Kun; Li Gang; Jia Feng Qin (2009): Development of magnetic bead capturesystem and SYBR Green I real time RT-PCR technique for detection of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus. ChineseJournal of Veterinary Science, 29, 1144-1148.

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CRP No. 1634 (E33032)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Improving Outcomes in Radiotherapy using Novel Biotechnologies: Modification of Tissue Reactions and the

Use of Stem Cell Therapeutics

Section/Division: Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy Section, NAHU


Total Cost: € 247,681.65


Objectives of CRP:


New knowledge on stem cell therapeutics has been generated during the project. Several techniques were optimised and improved. Some of contractors reached the degree of maturity, which allow in the future clinical trials testing. The method has been proven to be useful for treatment of radiation accidents victims. The project initiated formation of an international network of centres, involved in stem cell therapeutic research. There is a clear prospective for obtaining funding for the future studies.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To successfully use stem cell therapy it is important to understand:o The nature and qualities of different types of stem cells,o The mechanism by which stem cells differentiate into mature, functional cells and,o Their capacity to repair damaged (irradiated) tissues/organs in a variety of experimental

animal models.

• In order to develop experimental protocols for the amelioration of radiotherapy-induced side effectsby stem cell therapy a number of specific research questions need to be answered:

o What is (are) the optimal time-point(s) for stem cell therapy; one or more treatments andwhen?

o What is the optimal number of stem cells to be transplanted; or optimal drug dose("cocktail" of growth factors); optimum exposure to molecular/viral vectors

o What is the best routing; local administration of the cells/compound/drug or systemicadministration (i.e. via IV injections)?

o Which cells/compounds or combinations have the highest potential of reducing radiation- induced tissue toxicity in a specific tissue?

o What are the risks of stem cell therapy; i.e. does stem cell therapy later induce cancer,teratomas or malformations?

Outputs:

• This CRP will provide new data with respect to the efficacy (usefulness) of different stem celltechniques to repair radiation damage in a variety of normal tissue/ organ systems. The tissues ofinterest will be oral mucosa, skin, gut, salivary gland, as examples of “early responding tissues” andspinal cord, bone, muscle and heart as examples of “late responding tissues”.

• Development of standard methodology (incl. production, delivery storage etc.) for the threedifferent stem cell methods and the different experimental normal tissue/organ models.

• Research progress on this topic (presentations, publications, documents, reports, abstracts etc.)

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• Initiation of collaboration between relevant laboratories; establishing of exchange programs and joint applications for additional funding.

Impact of the CRP:

• Participating institutes have exchanged relevant protocols and several initiatives for future collaboration have been established. Research agreement holders are frequently consulted by the other participating institutes regarding protocols, methodology, training, fellowships etc.


• The CRP is very relevant to the Agency's Project and to Member States.


• Several recommendations can be made in order to continue the work on stem cell therapeutic related research. Involvement of IAEA in order to generate resources for stem cell research funded by Euratom, FP7 (Brussels) and other international organisations.


1. Journal Article. 2013. Pringle, S., R. van Os, et al. (2013). "Adult Salivary Gland Stem Cells and a Potential Therapy for Xerostomia." Stem Cells.

2. Journal Article. 2011. Coppes, R. P. and M. A. Stokman (2011). "Stem cells and the repair of radiation-

induced salivary gland damage." Oral Dis 17(2): 143-153.

3. Journal Article. 2010. Monceau, V., N. Pasinetti, et al. (2010). "Modulation of the Rho/ROCK pathway in heart and lung after thorax irradiation reveals targets to improve normal tissue toxicity." Curr Drug Targets 11(11): 1395-1404.

4. Journal Article. 2011. Nanduri, L. S., M. Maimets, et al. (2011). "Regeneration of irradiated salivary glands

with stem cell marker expressing cells." Radiother Oncol 99(3): 367-372.

5. Journal Article. 2011. Saad, A. Z., A. S. Halim, et al. (2011). "The use of glycerol-preserved skin allograft in conjunction with reconstructive and flap surgery: seven years of experience." J Reconstr Microsurg 27(2): 103-108.

6. Journal Article. 2012. Tiwari, S., M. J. Ali, et al. (2012). "Establishing human lacrimal gland cultures with

secretory function." PLoS One 7(1): e29458.

7. Journal Article. 2010. Vissink, A., J. B. Mitchell, et al. (2010). "Clinical management of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia in head-and-neck cancer patients: successes and barriers." Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 78(4): 983-991.

8. Journal Article. 2009. Feng, J., M. van der Zwaag, et al. (2009). "Isolation and characterization of human

salivary gland cells for stem cell transplantation to reduce radiation-induced hyposalivation." Radiother Oncol 92(3): 466-471.

9. Journal Article. 2011. Alfaqeh, H. H., C. K. Hui, et al. (2011). "Growth medium with low serum and

transforming growth factor beta 3 promotes better chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived stem cells in vitro and in vivo." Saudi Med J 32(6): 640-641.

10. Journal Article. 2012. Hamid, A. A., R. B. Idrus, et al. (2012). "Characterization of human adipose-derived

stem cells and expression of chondrogenic genes during induction of cartilage differentiation." Clinics (Sao Paulo) 67(2): 99-106.

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CRP No. 853 (E43019)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Body Fat and its Relationship with Metabolic Syndrome Indicators in Overweight Pre-Adolescents and

Adolescents

Section/Division: Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, NAHU


Total Cost: € 395,490.17


Objectives of CRP:


2.2.1.2 - (F102): Overnutrition, Obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To define the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body fat in pre-adolescents of 9 yearsat the first stage of puberty (Tanner Stage 1: T1) and adolescents of 16 years old at the 4th and 5thstages of puberty (T4-5) from different ethnic groups.

• To determine the relationship between body fat and insulin, glucose and blood pressure inoverweight pre-adolescents and adolescents from different ethnic groups.

Outputs:

• Data from different ethnic groups of pre-adolescents and adolescents on the impact of body fat onthe components of metabolic syndrome.

• Data on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body fat in different ethnic groups.

• Transfer of skills, knowledge and research capacity

Impact of the CRP:

• Data from this CRP will assist the health policy makers in Member States in their efforts to preventand control obesity related non-communicable diseases. At the start of the CRP, data was lacking inmany Member States, so this data will be a baseline for comparison with future data followinginterventions. The skills developed in China, Malaysia and Morocco are being utilised in the follow-on CRP E4.30.24, "Nuclear techniques to assess body composition in children and adolescents as arisk factor in the development of chronic diseases". Morocco is a key partner in TC Regional projectRAF6042 "Applying Nuclear Techniques to Design and Evaluate Interventions to Reduce Obesity andRelated Health Risks", which started in 2012 and involves 12 African Member States. The CSI fromMalaysia will be the lead coordinator for a new RAS Regional project for the 2014-2015 cycle"Preventing overweight and obesity, and promoting physical activity among children andadolescents in Asia", which will involve 19 countries in the region; emphasising the importance ofthe topic, and of synergies between the Technical Cooperation programme and CRP's in nutrition.


• The CRP is highly relevant, as WHO Member States will adopt the Global Monitoring Framework onNoncommunicable Diseases during the World Health Assembly in May 2013. The frameworkcomprises nine global targets and 25 indicators, including one related to adolescent obesity.

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• The IAEA should continue supporting CRP's and TC projects related to obesity related NCDs, whichare now a global problem, and nuclear techniques are among the reference methods for assessmentof body composition energy expenditure in community based interventions.

• IAEA should have a mechanism for the stepwise evaluation of CRP's because many publicationsappear in print several years after the end of the CRP.


1. Research Report . 2012. KHAN, A.I., et al., Body composition of Bangladeshi children: comparison anddevelopment of leg-to-leg bioelectrical impedance equations, J. Health Popul. Nutr. 30 (2012) 281-290.

2. Research Report. 2009. SANTOS, C.D.L. et al., Influencia do deficit de estatura nos desvios nutricionais emadolescentes e pré-adolescentes. Revista de Nutrição 22 (2009) 187-194.

3. Research Report. 2010. SANTOS, C.D.L. et al., Adolescents with mild stunting show alterations in glucose andinsulin metabolism. J. Nutr. Metabol. (2010), Article ID 943070, 6 pages.

4. Research Report. 2011. CLEMENTE, A.P. et al., Índice de massa corporal de adolescentes: comparação entrediferentes referências, Revista Paulista de Pediatria 29 (2011) 171-177.

5. Research Report. 2011. CLEMENTE, A.P. et al., Mild stunting is associated with higher body fat: study of alow-income population, J. Paediatr. (Rio J.) 87 (2011) 138-144.

6. Review. 2011. MARTINS, V.J.B. et al., Long-lasting effects of undernutrition, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health,8 (2011) 1817-1846.

7. Research Report. 2012. CLEMENTE, A.P. et al., Mild stunting is associated with higher blood pressure onoverweight adolescents, Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 98 (2012) 6-12.

8. Research Report. 2009. LIU, A., et al., Relationship between anthropometric parameters and lipids profiles(2009) (published in Chinese)

9. Research Report. 2010. LIU, A., et al., Waist circumference cut-off values for the prediction of cardiovascularrisk factors clustering in Chinese school-aged children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 10 (2010)82-90.

10. Research Report. 2011. LIU, A., et al., Ethnic differences in the relationship between body mass index andpercentage body fat among Asian children from different backgrounds, Bri. J. Nutr. 106 (2011) 1390-1397.

11. Research Report. 2011. LIU, A., et al., Ethnic differences in body fat distribution among Asian pre-pubertalchildren: a cross-sectional multicenter study, BMC Public Health 11 (2011) 500-506.

12. Research Report. 2011. LIU, A., et al., Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis for total body waterassessment against the deuterium dilution technique in Asian children, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 65 (2011) 1321-1327.

13. Research Report. 2011. WANG, X. et al., A bioelectrical impedance prediction equation for the assessment oftotal body water and fat-free mass among Chinese children aged 7-10 year. Chinese Journal of Preventionand Control of Chronic Disease 19 (2011) 441-444.

14. Research Report. 2012. JOSE, B. et al., Serum magnesium in overweight children, Indian Pediatr. 49 (2012)109-112.

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15. Research Report. 2010. MIRMIRAN, P., et al., Performance of different definitions of metabolic syndrome forchildren and adolescents in a 6-year follow-up: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Diabetes Res. Clin.Pract. 89 (2010) 327-333.

16. Research Report. 2011. HOSSEINI-ESFAHANI, F., et al., Trends in risk factors for cardiovascular disease amongIranian adolescents: the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, 1999-2008. J. Epidemiol. 21 (2011) 319-328.

17. Research Report. 2012. BARZIN, M., et al., The association of anthropometric indices in adolescence with theoccurrence of the metabolic syndrome in early adulthood: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).

18. Research Report. 2010. CAMPBELL, C.P., et al., Predictors of physical activity energy expenditure in Afro-Caribbean children, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 64 (2010) 1093-1100.

19. Research Report. 2010. NASREDDINE, L., et al., 2010, Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in ObesePre-Pubertal Children in Lebanon: A Primary Health Concern. Ann. Nutr. Metabol. 57 (2010) 135-142.

20. Research Report. 2012. NASREDDINE, L., et al., Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and componentsof the metabolic syndrome in Lebanese adolescents, Ann. Hum. Biol. 39 (2012) 122-128.

21. Research Report. 2010. QUAH, Y.V., POH, B.K., ISMAIL, M.N., Metabolic syndrome based on IDF criteria in asample of normal weight and obese school children, Malays. J. Nutr. 16 (2010) 207-217.

22. Research Report. 2011. POH, B.K., et al., Waist circumference percentile curves for Malaysian children andadolescents aged 6.0-16.9 years, Int. J. Pediatr. Obes. 6 (2011) 229-235.

23. Research Report. 2011. WEE, B.S. et al., Risk of metabolic syndrome among children living in metropolitanKuala Lumpur: a case control study, BMC Public Health 11 (2011) 333-339

24. Research Report. 2012. RAMIREZ, E., et al., Body composition prediction equations based on deuteriumoxide dilution method in Mexican children: a national study, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 66 (2012) 1099-1103.

25. Research Report. 2012. MEHDAD, S., et al., Body mass index, waist circumference, body fat, fasting bloodglucose in a sample of Moroccan adolescents aged 11-17 years, J. Nutr. Metabol. (2012) Article ID 510458, 7pages.

26. Research Report. 2012. HAMRANI, A., et al., Fat-free mass prediction model for Moroccan adolescents bybioelectrical impedance analysis using deuterium oxide dilution as a reference, Int. J. Body. Comp. Res. 10(2012) 107-114.

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CRP No. 1376 (F32004)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Isotopic Techniques for Assessment of Hydrological Processes in Wetlands

Section/Division: Isotope Hydrology Section, NAPC


Total Cost: € 358,895.76


Objectives of CRP:


The studies conducted in the CRP have shown that isotope techniques, of which the Agency assists the application as nuclear technologies, are ideally suited to identify and trace hydrological pathways at a range of spatial and temporal scales, which are the objectives of the CRP, in order to protect and manage beneficial functions of wetlands; and the CRP is in line with the objectives of the Sub-Programme G.1 of Water Programme: “Isotope Methodology for the Protection and Management of Surface Water, Groundwater and Geothermal Resources” since not only the frequently used environmental isotope techniques are of potential use in evaluating surface and subsurface flowpaths to, from, and within wetlands, but also some of the under-utilized isotope techniques (e.g., 87Sr/86Sr) and short-lived tracers (e.g., 222Rn) could be tested for the identification and estimation of interactions between groundwater and surface waters on appropriate time scales. The results/outcomes of the CRP are expected to be utilized in the Agency’s other projects and programmes, e.g., TC projects, for strengthening and improving water resource management in Member States.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To assess hydrochemical and isotope techniques to determine the sources and dynamics of watersustaining major types of wetlands.

• To conceptually model the above mentioned sources and dynamics:o (i) at specific area of human interest within the wetland/wetland complex,o (ii) on an annual/seasonal basis, ando (iii) within the shallow zone that experiences seasonal fluctuations.

• To determine the anthropogenic impact on wetland hydrology and the consequences for waterquality and potential remediation of wetlands.

• To improve the capacity of Member States for water resource management and protection ofwetlands.

Outputs:

• Model case studies and methodological guidelines on isotopic and hydrochemical techniquesapplicable to study of wetlands and related aspects, which were presented in oral and postersessions in the EGU 2011 and are being summarized in the form of a TECDOC.

Impact of the CRP:

• The oral and poster sessions on the application of isotope techniques for the assessment ofhydrological processes in wetlands was held during the European Geosciences Union GeneralAssembly 2011 in Vienna in April 2011, based on the decision made during the Second CoordinationMeeting of the CRP. During those sessions, a poster on preliminary results of the CRP was also

60

presented. Those sessions were among the largest held at the 2011 EGU General Assembly, contributing to the dissemination of information among scientists, water resource managers and the general public regarding the usefulness of the application of isotope techniques in the investigation of hydrological processes in and around wetlands.


• The topic of the CRP is of continued relevance for both the IAEA and the target countries for: (i) inorder to protect and manage beneficial functions of wetlands, it is important to understand thesources, pathways and processes of water and nutrients in wetlands, and isotope techniques areideally suited to identify and trace hydrological pathways at a range of spatial and temporal scales;(ii) it is in line with the objectives of the Sub-Programme G.1 of Water Programme: “IsotopeMethodology for the Protection and Management of Surface Water, Groundwater and GeothermalResources” since not only the frequently used environmental isotope techniques are of potential usein evaluating surface and subsurface flowpaths to, from, and within wetlands, but also some of theunder-utilized isotope techniques (e.g., 87Sr/86Sr) and short-lived tracers (e.g., 222Rn) could betested for the identification and estimation of interactions between groundwater and surface waterson appropriate time scales.

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CRP No. 1408 (K41010)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Coordinate a CRP on Applications of Radiotracer and Radioassay Technologies to Seafood Safety

Assessment

Section/Division: Radioecology Laboratory, NAEL


Total Cost: € 182,520.92


Objectives of CRP:


• The broad objective of the CRP was to generate data on priority contaminants in seafood organismswith regard to human consumption, sale and export, and to assess the application and relevance ofthese experimentally-derived and field-based data to the management of these contaminants inseafood.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Integration of current studies on the applications of nuclear techniques to the study of thebioaccumulation and food-chain transfer of contaminants in seafood, with risk managementdecisions in relation to the assessment of their suitability for human consumption and trade

• The clear identification of the needs for scientific data on the bioaccumulation of prioritycontaminants in seafood through linkages with international standardisation bodies

• The generation of data that are relevant to the management of contaminants in seafood through theapplication of radiotracer, radio-assay and related nuclear technologies.

Outputs:

• The expected CRP outputs are providing new data and information using nuclear and isotopictechnics to help for MSs for seafood safety risk assessment

Impact of the CRP:

• This project was designed to generate data on priority contaminants in seafood with regard tohuman consumption, sale and export, and to assess the application and relevance of theseexperimentally derived and field-based data to the management of contaminants in seafood. Theproject successfully achieved its aims of i) applying radioisotope techniques to enhanceunderstanding on the accumulation, transfer and bioavailability of contaminants (cadmium andharmful algal toxins) in seafood, ii) generating a quality-assured database on contaminants,especially cadmium levels in bivalves, using reference material IAEA-452 produced specifically forthe project, and iii) presenting collected data to the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on FoodAdditives (JECFA). Partly on the basis of the data submitted by CRP participants, JECFA successfullyre-evaluated the toxicology of cadmium and lead at its 73rd Meeting in June 2010. On the basis ofthe JECFA conclusions, the 5th Joint FAO/WHO Codex Committee on Contaminants in Foods (March2011) agreed that no further follow-up was necessary and therefore, the maximum levels forcadmium in various foods contained in the Codex General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins inFood and Feed were confirmed and maintained.

• Consequently to this work, the following issues emerged from the knowledge gained during the CRP:

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o Cu and Zn should be considered by CODEX as it is a contamination issue in several studyaquaculture areas

o Consider restricting commercialization of scallops excluding digestive gonads where Cd ismainly concentrated.


• In reviewing the objectives of the CRP, the participants confirmed that the CRP would optimallygenerate scientifically sound outputs and outcomes related to international standardizationactivities, including:

o The generation of quality-assured field data on contaminant levels in target biota, usingreference material.

o The interpretation of data underpinned by mechanistic understandings, based on radio-assay/tracer experimental studies.

o The potential consideration of data by JECFA to facilitate decision making on acceptablebackground levels in seafood and/or advice from JECFA on what additional data would beneeded.

o JECFA and/or related expert committee assessments of seafood contaminants based on theCRP data provided, leading to the potential establishment of Codex maximum levels inseafood

Recommended future action by Agency: Suggestions for the future:

• Consequently to this work, the following issues emerged from the knowledge gained during the CRP:o Cu and Zn should be considered by CODEX as it is a contamination issue in several study

aquaculture areaso Consider restricting commercialization of scallops excluding digestive gonads where Cd is

mainly concentrated.

• They proposed the following suggestions for further scientific approaches:o 1. Cd issue in seafood:

� Focus on the collection of pharmacokinetics data on the mollusc of high commercialvalue and as far as possible from different types of marine environments

� Geographical gradient à comparison of organisms adapted to contrastingenvironments with respect to temperature condition and promotion ofinvestigations that directly concern developing member states.

� Contrasting contaminated environments -> comparison of organisms with differentlife history with respect to contaminant exposure

� For elaboration of model and validation� Cu and Zn new data (in China 500*20 microg/g) that raise question on Codex max

limit therefore on further investigation on bioaccumulation process of theseelement and bioaccessibility using radiotracer and stable isotope.

� Focus on Cs and specifically its ability to bioconcentrate along the food chain.� Definition of a methodology and models that could be applied at large scale for

emergency case� Increase knowledge of transfer of element along the food chain.� Mitigation measure to decrease the metals contents in organisms.

o 2. Harmful algal toxin issue in seafood: � The participants pointed to the relevant data needed for seafood safety

management� Identification of risk species and risk area from the field� Kinetic parameters that help to manage depuration of shellfish (see saxitoxin in

mussel).� Extend geochronological studies to other areas affected by toxic algae

o They proposed the following suggestions for further scientific approaches:� Technical challenge: improve the RBA technology to lower the detection limit� allowing valuable measurement of toxin contents in shellfish and fish from the field� allowing the establishment of correlation between ciguatoxin content in the human

blood and in the shellfish/fish63

� Develop the SPATT (solid phase adsorption toxin tracking) technic to detect andquantify the biotoxins in sea water.

� Determine the kinetic data of accumulation from trophic pathways of algal toxin andcyanotoxin à from algae to shellfish or fish.

o Use of RBA� Combine use of radiolabelled toxin with toxicological studies to make the link

between distribution of toxins and their toxic mechanisms at cellular level (includingthe humans):

� This could include effect of mixture of toxins� It is a concern that should need further coordinated actions between IAEA and

WHO.� Extend the geographical distribution of ciguatoxins based on reported occurrence of

the algae Gambierdiscus sp.� Identification of new risk species and new risk area from the field� Promote collaboration and cooperation between member states and/or participants

to enhance the knowledge on HABs in developing countries à use achievement ofthis CRP to help and promote TC project.

� Stimulate the provision of data to IOC-UNESCO database on phytoplankton bloom,toxicity levels and HABs events reported.

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CRP No. 1467 (F22046)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Development of Radiation-Processed Products of Natural Polymers for Application in Agriculture,

Healthcare, Industry and Environment

Section/Division: Radioisotope Products and Radiation Technology Section, NAPC


Total Cost: € 298,125.67


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP contributed to the objectives of the project 2.5.2.2. to enhance MS capabilities in applying radiation technologies for advanced materials development and processing natural polymers into value-added products.

(b) Specific (CRP): • Identification of methodologies and QA protocols for investigating structure-property relationship

particularly with respect to radiation induced changes in natural polymers.

• Investigating the anti-oxidant properties of low molecular weight natural polymers and assessing suitability for preservation of food and allied products.

• Field-testing the potential of radiation-modified polysaccharides as plant growth promoters, soil conditioners and for enhancing fermentation of agro by-products.

Outputs:

• Availability of harmonized QA protocols for characterization of radiation-induced changes in natural polymers.

• Availability of data confirming anti-oxidant properties of low molecular weight natural polymers and their suitability for preservation of food and allied products.

• Availability of developed protocols for the use of radiation-modified polysaccharides as plant growth promoters and soil conditioners on field scale, so as to produce marketable products.

• Availability of data on the enhancement of the fermentation of agro by-products.

• ADDITIONAL OUTPUTS: o Preparation of marketable superabsorbent and hydrogels based on radiation-crosslinked

natural polymers. o Preparation of products on bio-based plastic materials. o Development of a new irradiation method for natural polymers.

Impact of the CRP:

• The CRP had very high impact on enhancing the research capabilities of the participating institutions in applying radiation techniques to convert indigenous, non-toxic and renewable natural polymers into value added and marketable products. Under this CRP several institutions succeeded in starting the production of radiation-processed polysaccharides, the participants developed and successfully applied protocols for characterization of obtained low molecular weight polymers, as well as obtained good results in applying these products as plant growth promoters, soil conditioners and plant protectors in green house and field trials. The participants established numerous collaborations and signed relevant agreements between their institutions that will be in effect long after this CRP is completed. Participants has also used additional Agency support under national and

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regional TC project to collaborate, and had also applied jointly for additional support of their work at various EU institutions.


• The CRP is in line with research and development priorities of participating MS, and they expressedstrong interest and commitment for continued work and collaboration.


• The participants have recommended the following future actions:o to continue supporting further development and technology transfer of radiation processed

natural polymers in MS by organizing technical meetings on this subject, ando further CRP based on the achievements of this CRP

Resulting Publications: 1. scientific paper. 2011. TAHTAT, D., MAHLOUS, M., BENAMER, S., NACER KHODJA, A., LARBI YOUCEF, S.,

HADJARAB, N., MEZAACHE, W. (2011). Influence of some factors affecting antibacterial activity of PVA/Chitosan based hydrogels synthesized by gamma irradiation. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. 22: 2505–2512

2. scientific paper. 2012. Tahtat, D., Mahlous, M., Benamer, S., Nacer Khodja, A., Larbi Youcef, S. (2012) Effectof molecular weight on radiation chemical degradation yield of chain scission of ? irradiated chitosane insolid state and in aqueous solution. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 81 659–665.

3. scientific paper. 2012. Nacer Khodja A, Mahlous M, Tahtat D, Benamer S, Larbi Youcef S, Chader H, MouhoubL, Sedgelmaci M, Ammi N, Mansouri M B, Mameri S. (2012) Evaluation of healing activity of PVA/chitosanhydrogels on deep second degree burn: pharmacological and toxicological tests. Burns (in press)

4. scientific paper. 2011. MONDOL, M.M.A., RANA, M.I.K., DAFADER, N.C., HAQUE, M.E., Effect of foliarapplication of chitosan on growth and yield in Indian Spinach. J. Agrofor. Environ. 5 (2011) 99-102.

5. scientific paper. 2012. DUARTE, C.L. Ribeiro, M. A., Oikawa H, Mori, M. N., Napolitano, C.M., Galvão, C.A.,Electron beam combined with hydrothermal treatment for enhancing the enzymatic convertibility ofsugarcane bagasse, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 81 (2012) 1008.

6. scientific paper. 2013. DUARTE, C.L. Ribeiro, M. A., Oikawa H, Mori, M. N., Napolitano, C.M., Galvão, C.A.,Study of thermal treatment combined with radiation on the decomposition of polysaccharides in sugarcanebagasse, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 84 (2013) 191.

7. scientific paper. 2012. OCLOO, F.C.K., ADU-GYAMFI, A., QUARCOO, E. A., SERFOR-ARMAH, Y. and ASARE, D.(2012). Antifungal properties of gamma-irradiated chitosan from sea crab shells. International Journal ofRecent Trends in Science and Technology. ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN 2249-8109, Volume 3, Issue 3. pp 82-84

8. scientific paper. 2012. OCLOO, F.C.K., ADU-GYAMFI, A., QUARCOO, E. A., SERFOR-ARMAH, Y., ASARE, D. K.and OWULAH, C. (Accepted, 2012). Effect of gamma irradiation on antibacterial properties of sea crab shellchitosan. European Journal of Food Research and Review

9. scientific paper. 2011. OCLOO, F.C.K., QUAYSON, E.T., ADU-GYAMFI, A., QUARCOO, E.A., ASARE, D., SERFOR-ARMAH, Y. and WOODE, B. K. (2011). Physico-chemical and functional characteristics of radiation processedshrimp chitosan. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 80 (7). Pp. 837-841.

10. scientific paper. 2010. MAGDY M. SENNA, STEPHANE SALMIERI, ABDEL-WAHAB EL-NAGGAR,AGNESSAFRANY, AND MONIQUE LACROIX 2010 Improving the Compatibility of Zein/Poly(vinyl alcohol) BlendsbyGammaIrradiation and GraftCopolymerization ofAcrylicAcid J. Agric. Food Chem. 58, 4470-4476.

11. scientific paper. 2010. RUHUL A.KHAN, STEPHANE SALMIERI, DOMINICDUSSAULT, JORGEURIBE-CALDERON,MUSA R. KAMAL, AGNES SAFRANY AND MONIQUE LACROIX 2010 Production and Properties ofNanocellulose-ReinforcedMethylcellulose-Based Biodegradable Films. J. Agric. Food Chem. 58, 7878-7885.

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12. scientific paper. 2012. RUHUL A. KHAN, STEPHANE SALMIERI, DOMINIC DUSSAULT, NATHALIE TUFENKJI,JORGE URIBE-CALDERON, MUSA R. KAMAL, AGNES SAFRANY AND MONIQUE LACROIX 2012, Preparation andThermo-mechanical Characterization of Chitosan Loaded Methylcellulose-based Biodegradable Films: Effectsof Gamma Radiation. J. Polym Environ (2012) 20:43-52

13. scientific paper. 2010. EL-SAWY, N.M. ABD EL-REHIM, H.A. ELBARBARY, A.M., HEGAZY E.A. (2010): Radiation-induced degradation of chitosan for possible use as a growth promoter in agricultural purposes. Carbohyd.Polym. 79: 555-562.

14. scientific paper. 2011. ABD EL-REHIM H.A., EL-SAWY, N.M., FARAG I.A., ELBARBARY, A.M. Synergistic effectof combining ionizing radiation and oxidizing agents on controlling degradation of Na-alginate for enhancinggrowth performance and increasing productivity of Zea maize plants, Carbohyd. Polym. (2011)

15. scientific paper. 2011. P. N. TAKALA, D. K. VU, S. SALMIERI, AND M. LACROIX 2011 Effect of AntimicrobialCoatings on the Radiosensitization of Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenesin Fresh Broccoli., J. Food Protection

16. scientific paper. 2011. N.N. DUY, D.V. PHU, N.T. ANH, N.Q. HIEN, Synergistic degradation to prepareoligochitosan by g-irradiation of chitosan solution in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, Radiation Physicsand Chemistry, 80 (2011) 848-853.

17. scientific paper. 2012. N.Q. HIEN, D.V. PHU, N.N. DUY, N.T.K. LAN, Degradation of chitosan in solution bygamma irradiation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, Carbohydrate Polymers, 87 (2012) 935-938.

18. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. CERCHIETTI,M.L., GIARDINA,E.B., VILLELA,F., DIVO,M.D., CLOZZA,M.,SMOLKO,E.E. "Polisacaridos Irradiados para su Aplicación en Agricultura: Resultados preliminares".Proceedings of the XXXVI Annual Meeting of the Argentine Nuclear Technology Association (AATN 2009),Buenos Aires, 16-20 November(2009).

19. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. Norzita Yacob, Maznah Mahmud, Norhashidah Talip, KamaruddinHashim, Abdul Rahim Harun, Khairul Zaman Hj Dahlan, Chemical Radiation Degradation of Chitosan for RiceCrops Application, The 4th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Radiation Chemistry (APSRC-2012), Huangshan, China:30 Oct. - 3 Nov. 2012.

20. scientific paper. 2011. Khairul Zaman, C.T. Ratnam, Jamaliah Sharif, Dahlan Hj Mohd, Mahathir Mohamedand Kamaruddin Hashim, Radiation processing of natural polymer for industrial and healthcare applicationsin Malaysia, Journal of Radiation & Industries (Japan), Series No. 130 (2011) 10-14.

21. scientific meeting contribution . 2011. Norzita Yacob, Maznah Mahmod, Norhashidah Talip, Mohd YusofHamzah & Kamaruddin Hashim, The degradation of chitosan by radiation: Effect on physicochemicalproperty, the 24th Regional Symposium Analytical Sciences (SKAM), 21-23 Nov 2011, One Hotel Helang,Langkawi.

22. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. NABINGER,P., CERCHIETTI,M.L., MONDINO,A., SMOLKO.E.E. "Controlde la Radiodegradacion de Polímeros Naturales Mediante la Determinación del Peso Molecular por Mediciónde Viscocidad". Proceedings of the XXXVI Annual Meeting of the Argentine Nuclear Technology Association(AATN 2009), Buenos Aires, 16-20 November(2009)

23. scientific meeting contribution . 2011. CLOZZA,M., CAVAGLIA,A., GARCIA KVASINA,S., DIVO de SESAR,M.D.,SMOLKO,E.E. "Influencia de la Aplicación de Alginatos Irradiados sobre el Crecimiento de EspeciesHortícolas". XXXIV Argentine Horticultura Congress , Buenos Aires, September 27(2011).

24. Book chapter. 2010. GULREZ, S, AL-ASSAF, S., PHILLIPS, G.O., Characterization and Radiation Modification ofCarrageenan in the Solid State, in "Radiation Processing Technology Applications", Khandal, RK, Niyogi,U.Uk., Eds. SRI Publication, 1st Edition, pp 519-532

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25. Chapter. 2011. GULREZ, S, AL-ASSAF, S., PHILLIPS, G.O., Hydrogels: Methods of preparation, characterizationand applications, in "Bioengineering" , InTech - Open Access Publisher, ISBN 978-953-307-268-52011

26. scientific paper. 2008. L.V. ABAD , S. OKABE, M. SHIBAYAMA, H. KUDO, S. SAIKI, C. ARANILLA, L. RELLEVE,AND A.M. DE LA ROSA, 2008. Comparative studies on the conformational change and aggregation behaviorof irradiated carrageenans and agar by dynamic light scattering. Int. J. Biol. Macromol, 42, 55-61.

27. scientific paper. 2009. L.V. ABAD, H. KUDO, S. SAIKI, N. NAGASAWA, M. TAMADA, Y. KATSUMURA, C.T.ARANILLA, L.S. RELLEVE AND A.M. DE LA ROSA, 2009. Radiation degradation studies of carrageenans.Carbohyd. Polym. 78, 100-106.

28. scientific paper. 2010. L.V. ABAD, H. KUDO, S. SAIKI, N. NAGASAWA, M. TAMADA, H. FU, Y. MUROYA, M. LIN,Y. KATSUMURA, L.S. RELLEVE, C.T. ARANILLA, AND A.M. DELA ROSA, 2010. Radiolysis studies of aqueous ?-carrageenan. Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys.Res. B. 268, 1607–1612.

29. scientific paper. 2011. L.V. ABAD, S.SAIKI, N. NAGASAWA, H. KUDO, Y. KATSUMURA, AND A. M. DE LA ROSA,2011. NMR analysis of fractionated irradiated k-carrageenan oligomers as plant growth promoter. RadiationPhysics and Chemistry. 80, 977–982.

30. scientific paper. 2011. ABAD, L.V., SAIKI, S., NAGASAWA, N., KUDO, H., KATSUMURA, Y., DELA ROSA, A.M.,NMR Analysis of Fractionated Irradiated k-Carrageenan Oligomers as Plant Growth Promoter. Radiat. Phys.Chem. 80 (2011) 977.

31. scientific paper. 2010. ABAD, L.V., KUDO, H., SAIKI, S., NAGASAWA, N., TAMADA, M., FU, H., MUROYA, Y.,LIN, M., KATSUMURA, Y., RELLEVE, L.S., AEANILLA, C.T., DELA ROSA, A.M., Radiolysis Studies of Aqueous ?-Carrageenan. Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. B. 268 10 (2010) 1607.

32. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. ARANILLA, C.T., NAGASAWA, N., BAYQUEN, A., DELA ROSA, A.,Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxymethyl Derivatives of Kappa-Carrageenan, Carbohydrate Polymers87 (2012) 1810.

33. scientific paper. 2009. LUAN, L.Q., NAGASAWA, N., HA, V.T.T., NAKANISHI, T.M., A Study of DegradationMechanism of Alginate by Gamma-irradiation. Radioisotopes 58 (2009) 3.

34. scientific paper. 2009. LUAN, L.Q., NAGASAWA, N., HA, V.T.T., HIEN, N.Q., NAKANISHI, T.M., Enhancement ofPlant Growth Stimulation Activity of Irradiated Alginate by Fractionation. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 78 (2009) 796.

35. scientific paper. 2010. OKUBO, S., TAKAHASHI, T., GOWA, T., SASAKI, T., NAGASAWA, N., TAMADA, M.,OSHIMA, A., TAGAWA, S., WASHIO, M., Micro-fabrication of Biodegradable Polymers Using Focused IonBeam. Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology 23 (2010) 393.

36. scientific paper. 2011. NAGASAWA, N., KASAI, N., YAGI, T., YOSHII, F., TAMADA, M., Radiation-inducedCrosslinking and Post-processing of Poly(L-lactic acid) Composite. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 80 (2011) 145.

37. scientific paper. 2008. KUMARA, S, NAGASAWA, N., YAGI, T., TAMADA, M., Radiation-induced Crosslinkingand Mechanical Properties of Blends of Poly(lactic acid) and Poly(butylene terephthalate-co-adipate). J. Appl.Polym. Sci. 109 (2008) 3321.

38. scientific paper. 2012. OKUBO, S., NAGASAWA, N., KOBAYASHI, A., GOWA OYAMA, T., TAGUCHI, M.,OSHIMA, A., TAGAWA, S., WASHIO, M., Micro-/Nanofabrication of Cross-linked Poly(L-lactic acid) UsingElectron Beam Nanoimprint Lithography. Applied Physics Express 5 (2012) 027303.

39. scientific paper. 2008. ZHAO, L., LUO, F., WASIKIEWICZ, J.M., MITOMO, H., NAGASAWA, N., YAGI, T.,TAMADA, M., YOSHII, F., Adsorption of Humic Acid from Aqueous Solution onto Irradiation-crosslinkedCarboxymethyl Chitosan. Bioresour. Technol. 99 (2008) 1911.

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40. scientific paper. 2008. KASAHARA, T., TAKIGAMI, M., NAGASAWA, N., PRAWITWONG, P., TAKIGAMI, S.,Preparation and Characterization of CMC-Konjac Mannan Mixture Gel. Trans. Mater. Res. Soc. Jpn. 33 (2008)927.

41. scientific paper. 2008. TAKIGAMI, M., AMADA, H., NAGASAWA, N., HIROKI, A., KASAI, N., YOSHII, F.,TAMADA, M., Adsorption Phosphate Ion in Swine Urine Using CMC Gel. Trans. Mater. Res. Soc. Jpn. 33(2008) 849.

42. scientific paper. 2008. SAIKI, S, MUROYA, Y., KUDO, H., KATSUMURA, Y., NAGASAWA, N., YOSHII, Y., PulseRadiolysis Study on Aqueous Solutions of Polysaccharide Derivatives. ACS Symp. Ser. 978 (2008) 166.

43. scientific paper. 2009. HIROKI, A., TRAN, H.T., NAGASAWA, N., YAGI, T., TAMADA, M., Metal Adsorption ofCarboxymethyl Cellulose / Carboxymethyl Chitosan Blend Hydrogels Prepared by Gamma Irradiation. Radiat.Phys. Chem. 78 (2009) 1076.

44. scientific paper. 2009. KASAHARA, T., TAKIGAMI, M., NAGASAWA, N., TAKIGAMI, S., Effect of KM Molar Masson CMC-KM-acid Gel. Trans. Mater. Res. Soc. Jpn. 34 (2009) 395.

45. scientific paper. 2009. TAKIGAMI, M., HIROKI, A., NAGASAWA, N., KASAHARA, T., TAKIGAMI, S., TAMADA, M.,Effect of CMC Molar Mass on Mechanical Properties of CMC-acid Gel. Trans. Mater. Res. Soc. Jpn. 34 (2009)391.

46. scientific paper. 2010. SAIKI, S., NAGASAWA, N., HIROKI, A., MORISHITA, N., TAMADA, M., MUROYA, Y.,KUDO, H., KATSUMURA, Y., ESR Study on Carboxymethyl Chitosan Radicals in an Aqueous Solution. Radiat.Phys. Chem. 79 (2010) 276.

47. scientific paper. 2011. SAIKI, S., NAGASAWA, N., HIROKI, A., MORISHITA, N., TAMADA, M., KUDO, H.,KATSUMURA, Y., ESR Study on Radiation-induced Radicals in Carboxymethyl Cellulose Aqueous Solution.Radiat. Phys. Chem. 80 (2011) 149.

48. scientific paper. 2011. HIROKI, A., HONG, P.T.T., NAGASAWA, N., TAMADA, M., Biodegradability of BlendHydrogels Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Carboxymethyl Starch, Trans. Mater. Res. Soc. Jpn. 36(2011) 397.

49. scientific paper. 2010. VANICHVATTANADECHA, C., SUPAPHOL, P., NAGASAWA, N., TAMADA, M., TOKURA,S., FURUIKE, T., TAMURA, H., RUJIRAVANIT, R., Effect of Gamma Radiation on Dilute Aqueous Solutions andThin Films of N-succinyl Chitosan. Polymer Degradation and Stability 95 2 (2010) 234.

50. scientific paper. 2010. SEN, M., RENDEVSKI, S., AKKAS KAVAKLI, P., SEPEHRIANAZAR, A., Effect of G/M ratioon the radiation-induced degradation of sodium alginate. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 79(2010) 279–282.

51. scientific paper. 2012. CZECHOWSKA-BISKUP, R., JAROSINSKA, D., ROKITA, B., ULANSKI, P., ROSIAK, J.M.,“Determination of degree of deacetylation of chitosan - comparison of methods”, Progress on Chemistry andApplication of Chitin and its Derivatives", vol. XVII, (JAWORSKA, M., Ed.), ISBN 83-918969-5-1, Polish ChitinSociety, Lodz (in press).

52. scientific meeting contribution . 2011. CZECHOWSKA-BISKUP, R., ROSIAK, J.M., ULANSKI, P., “Determinationof average molecular weight and radiation-chemical degradation yield of chitosan - an interlaboratorystudy”, XVIIth Workshop "New aspect on chemistry and application of chitin and its derivatives", Warsaw,September 21-23, 2011.

53. scientific meeting contribution . 2011. CZECHOWSKA-BISKUP R., JAROSINSKA, D., ULANSKI, P., ROSIAK, J.M.,“Determination of degree of deacetylation of chitosan - comparison of methods”, XVIIth Workshop "Newaspect on chemistry and application of chitin and its derivatives", Warsaw, September 21-23, 2011.

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CRP No. 1485 (F22047)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Development of Radiopharmaceuticals Based on 188Re and 90Y for Radionuclide Therapy



Total Cost: € 166,535.14


Objectives of CRP:


The CRP contributed to develop cost-effective techniques for implementation of the local supply of relevant therapeutic radionuclides in Member States (MS). Specifically, the CRP focused on the production of the radionuclides Y-90 and Re-188. The radionuclide Y-90 is playing a key role in the development of peptide-based therapeutic agents for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours. Similarly, a number of Re-188 labelled compounds have been demonstrated to be an effective therapeutic treatment for bone metastatic lesions, thyroid cancers and hepatocellular carcinoma. Both radionuclides are produced through generator systems. The CRP promoted the transfer and optimization of this generator technology and favoured the start-up of new production facilities in MS, thus improving the widespread availability of these important radionuclides for the preparation of the corresponding radiopharmaceuticals. This outcome constitutes a preliminary key step for the diffusion of radionuclide based therapeutic approaches in MS.

(b) Specific (CRP): • Specific objectives of the research project were:

a. to study the performance of the W-188/Re-188 and Sr-90/Y-90 generators characterized bya prolonged shelf life as a result of the relatively long-lived parent radionuclides W-188 andSr-90,

b. to develop and validate easy-to-use quality control procedures for estimating theradionuclidic purity of generator eluates, and

c. to investigate new radiopharmaceuticals for targeted therapy labelled with Re-188 and Y-90.

Outputs:

• Electrochemical generator for the production of Y-90 in high radionuclidic purity

• Pre-formulated DOTA and DTPA functionalized antibodies for labelling with Y-90

• Freeze-dried kit formulation for the labelling of biotin with Re-188

• Protocols for biotinylation of antibodies and for labelling biotin with Y-90

• Prototype of the extraction chromatographic generator for the production of Y-90

• Techniques and protocols for the determination of Sr-90 breakthrough in Y-90 eluates

• Results from patient studies with a new formulation of Re-188(V)-DMSA

• New kit formulation for the high-yield preparation of the Re-188-tricarbonyl precursor for 188Relabelling of biomolecules

• Colloids and particulates labelled with Y-90 and Re-188 for radiosynovectomy

• Results collected from the pre-clinical evaluation of labelled colloids and particulates in experimentalanimal models

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• Results collected from pre-clinical evaluation of Y-90 and 188Re labelled antibodies such asRituximab, hR3 and ERIC1 in experimental animal models

• Results collected from the pre-clinical evaluation of Re-188-bisphosphonates in experimental animalmodels

• Results collected from the pre-clinical evaluation of the biological properties of Re-188-biotin inexperimental animal models

Impact of the CRP:

• It is expected that the main impact of the CRP will be in promoting the introduction of radionuclide-based approaches for cancer treatment in MS. This has been promoted through the (a)implementation of the national capacity for the local production of the therapeutic radionuclides Re-188 and Y-90 and (b) implementation of the labelling technologies for the preparation and qualitycontrol of some relevant therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals based on Re-188 and Y-90.


• The CRP was successful in addressing its primary objective focused on promoting the introduction ofnew therapeutic approaches in MS based on radiolabelled compounds. In particular, the productionmethods of two of the most attractive and potentially useful radionuclides, Re-188 and Y-90, havebeen extensively investigated and optimized. A variety of different approaches for the production ofY-90 have been developed and validated. Furthermore, the labelling procedures for the preparationof Re-188 and Y-90 radiopharmaceuticals have been implemented in MS and allowed theinvestigation of a number of well-established therapeutic agents for cancer treatment andradiosynovectomy. Finally, improved labelling methods were devised for Re-188 that led to thepreparation of unprecedented categories of potentially useful therapeutic agents.

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CRP No. 1532 (F22049)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Production and Utilisation of Emerging Positron Emitters for Medical Applications with an Emphasis on Cu-

64 and I-124



Total Cost: € 145,791.32


Objectives of CRP:


The CRP is highly relevant to the project 2.5.1.1(I1.01) under the major programme 2. The CRP facilitated the information exchange on new developments and developed improved procedures for production of Cu-64 and I-124 in order to provide reliable production systems for radionuclides of the necessary high quality and high specific radioactivity for clinical applications.

(b) Specific (CRP): • Optimization of production methods for 64Cu.

• Identification of suitable chelators for protein labelling with 64Cu.

• Development of new 64Cu radiopharmaceuticals for oncological applications.

• Development of the production method for 124I in large quantities via the 125Te(p,2n) reaction andapplication towards radiolabelling of biomolecules.

Outputs:

• Optimized processes for higher yield and higher specific activities in production of 64Cu.

• New chelating agents (based on sarcophagine-like chelators) which are easy to synthesize andconjugate to proteins.

• Improved stable Cu-64 radiopharmaceuticals with optimal properties for cancer targeting.

• [125Te]TeO2 targets for increased production yield of 124I and In turn wider use of this isotope forclinical studies.

• Improved radioiodination synthon for radiolabelling of biomolecules where the iodine atom isprotected in a chemical environment which is much more stable towards in vivo metabolism.

• Training materials for students and scientists in production and use of 64Cu and 124I.

Impact of the CRP:

• The participants of the CRP concluded that the project has helped to exchange valuable informationand to become acquainted with other laboratories’ approaches and procedures and has stimulatedcooperation between participating institutions as well as with relevant national counterparts. Thespecific objectives pursued by the CRP participants varied from country to country subject to theresearch priorities defined by the national teams, but the overall objectives of the CRP are welladdressed.

• While Cu-64 is not the only longer lived PET radioisotope, it is certainly the most well explored, andcan be seen as a good starting point for solid targetry and transition metal radiochemicalseparations. As such, Cu-64 can be recommended as a research topic even in fairly new PETcyclotron facilities. The primary production route based on (p,n) reactions on Ni-64 require only

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very modest particle energy allowing all medical cyclotrons to obtain clinically applicable yields in a short time.


• The CRP is highly relevant to the project 2.5.1.1(I1.01) under the major programme 2. The CRPfacilitated the information exchange on new developments and developed improved procedures forproduction of Cu-64 and I-124 in order to provide reliable production systems for radionuclides ofthe necessary high quality and high specific radioactivity for clinical applications.There is presently arapid development of other radiometals for PET imaging, spanning the same or longer half-liferanges than the copper isotopes. It is still too early to decide if some of these isotopes, and mostnotably Zr-89, will in the end the replace Cu-64 for antibody and other protein imaging. For now, Cu-64 is the most explored and best documented choice for PET applications with half-life requirementsbeyond 2-3 hours.


• To encourage the development of regional training courses and regional technical cooperation (TC)projects on cyclotron produced radionuclides and in particular emerging radionuclides such as Cu-64and Cu-67 as well as their application as radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and therapy.

• The IAEA should consider a follow-up CRP on clinical applications of Cu-64

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CRP No. 1537 (F23028)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Nanoscale Radiation Engineering of Advanced Materials for Potential Biomedical Applications



Total Cost: € 246,664.27


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP contributed to the objective of the project 2.5.2.2., to enhance Member State capabilities in applying radiation technology for advanced materials development and processing natural polymers into value added products.

(b) Specific (CRP): • To develop radiolytic methodologies for synthesis of nanoparticles and nanoporous membranes, as

well as to synthesize and modify nanoparticle surfaces by attaching organic ligands.

• To radiation synthesize polymeric, inorganic and hybrid nanocarriers, providing for controlledloading and improved releasing rate of drugs.

• To fabricate new stimuli-responsive surfaces by radiation induced grafting on the nanoscale for cell-sheet engineering with improved cell-matrix interactions and cell-function control.

Outputs:

• Methodologies to prepare and characterize nanogels; nanoparticles and nanoporous membranes, aswell as to synthesize and modify nanoparticle surfaces by attaching organic ligands by radiation.

• Methodologies to radiation synthesize polymeric, inorganic and hybrid nanocarriers, providing acontrolled loading and improved releasing rate of drugs.

• Demonstration of novel functional surfaces for cell-sheet engineering fabricated by utilizingadvanced radiation technology, towards improved cell-matrix interactions and cell function control.

• ADDITIONAL OUTPUTS

• Publication of the results

Impact of the CRP:

• The CRP had very high impact on enhancing the research capabilities of the participating institutionsin radiation engineering on the nanoscale, for the preparation/modification of new polymermaterials intended for biomedical applications. The following achievements can be highlighted:

o nanogels and nanoparticles based on natural and/or synthetic polymers and proteins weredeveloped by a precise control of the structure, size, shape and functionality;

o a number of developed nanocarriers were tested for drug delivery applications;o nanoporous membranes were successfully fabricated, functionalized and tested for drug

delivery;o hydrogel-nanoparticle composites were developed for drug release, as drug-eluting coating

for medical implant, and as coating with antimicrobial properties;o multifunctional electrospun nanofiber network was produced and tested as sensor;o functional thermo-responsive materials for cell sheet engineering have been prepared and

successfully tested for culturing a cell monolayer.

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• Under this CRP several institutions succeeded in starting the transfer of technology to industry. Theparticipants established numerous collaborations and signed relevant agreements between theirinstitutions that will be in effect long after this CRP is completed. Participants have also usedadditional Agency support under national and regional TC projects to collaborate, and had alsoapplied jointly for additional support of their work to various EU institutions. Additionally, theparticipants proposed several follow-up activities.


• The CRP is in line with research and development priorities of participating MS, and they expressedstrong commitment for continued work in this area.


• The participants of the CRP recommended: Since all the CRP objectives have been met and theradiation technique was proved to be an excellent tool for the synthesis and modification of nano-materials for biomedical applications, participants of this CRP are encouraged to optimize processmethods and product properties.

Resulting Publications: 1. scientific paper. 2012. Soto Espinoza, S. L., Sánchez, M. L., Risso, V., Smolko, E. E. and Grasselli M.; Radiation

Synthesis of Seroalbumin Nanoparticles, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 81 (2012) 1417–1421.

2. scientific paper. . Soto Espinoza, S. L., Arbeitman, C. R., Clochard, M.C and Grasselli M.; Functionalization ofnanochannels by radiation-induced grafting polymerization on PET track-etched membranes, Radiat. Phys.Chem. (submitted for publication)

3. scientific conference contribution . 2009. SMOLKO, E. E., BRITOS, C.N., CARBAJAL, M.L., HIDALGO, R., SOTOESPINOZA, S., QUIROGA, F., TRELLES, J.A., GRASSELLI, M.; Radiation-induced grafting of porous polymers forbiological applications, Latin American Section of the American Nuclear Society (LAS/ANS) . Symposium on“Integration of Nuclear Technologies in Latin America". Argentina, Jun 23 – 26, 2009.

4. scientific conference contribution . 2012. SOTO ESPINOZA, S. L., GRASSELLI, M.; Análisis fluorométrico denanoinjertos en membranas de poros perfectos, Encuentro Superficie y Materiales Nanoestructurados. LaFalda, Argentina, 16 - 18 de May 2012.

5. scientific conference contribution . 2012. QUIROGA F. Y., GRASSELLI, M.; Síntesis y caracterización de una redcatiónica injertada en HDPE para promover la adsorción de microrganismos, XII Encuentro Superficie yMateriales Nanoestructurados. La Falda, Argentina, 16 - 18 May 2012.

6. scientific conference contribution . 2009. GRASSELLI, M., BRITOS, C.N., CARBAJAL, M.L., HIDALGO, R., SOTOESPINOSA, S.L., QUIROGA, F., TRELLES, J.A., SMOLKO, E.E.; Radiation- Induced grafting of porous polymersfor biological applications. V Argentine-Chilean Polymer Symposium. VIII Argentine Polymer Symposium. IXChilean Symposium of Polymer Chemistry and Physical-Chemistry. 18-21 Octubre 2009. Los Cocos, Córdoba,Argentina.

7. scientific conference contribution . 2012. CASAJÚS, G., SOTO ESPINOZA, S. L. SMOLKO E.E. GRASSELLI, M.;Síntesis de nanopartículas de proteína mediante radiación ionizante de 60Co, XII Encuentro Superficie yMateriales Nanoestructurados. La Falda, Argentina, 16 - 18 May 2012.

8. scientific conference contribution . 2012. SOTO ESPINOZA, S. L., GRASSELLI, M.; Synthesis and modificationof cylindrical and conical nanopores on track-etched membranes, VIII Congreso Iberoamericano en Ciencia yTecnología de membranas. Salta, Argentina, 24 - 27 April 2012.

9. scientific conference contribution . 2011. SANCHEZ, M.L., SOTO ESPINOZA, S.L., QUIROGA, F.Y., CARBAJAL,M.L., GRASSELLI, M.; Procesos de modificación superficial de polímeros mediante radiación gamma, IIWorkshop de Transferencia de Tecnología en el Área de Materiales. Mar del Plata, Argentina. 28 - 30November 2011

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10. scientific conference contribution . 2011. QUIROGA F. Y., GRASSELLI M.; Analysis of surface cationicmicrohydrogel structures by in situ fluorescence detection. 3rd South American Workshop & InternationalGregorio Weber Conference and Workshop on advance fluorescence techniques, Buenos Aires, Argentina,12 - 17 December 2011.

11. scientific conference contribution . 2011. QUIROGA F. Y., LELES DA SOUZA, A., LAMEIRAS F.S., GRASSELLI M.;Microhidrogeles catiónicos injertados sobre HDPE : síntesis, caracterización físicoquímica y estudiosfuncionales en la adsorción de Escherichia coli. XL Reunión Anual de la Sociedad Argentina de Biofísica.Buenos Aires, Argentina, 5 – 7 December 2011

12. scientific conference contribution . 2010. QUIROGA F. Y., GRASSELLI M.; Modificación superficial de HDPEcon injertos catiónicos para la adsorción de microorganismos. Aplicaciones en el área de biocatálisis. I°Simposio Argentino de los Procesos Biotecnológicos. Rosario, Argentina, 25 November 2010.

13. scientific paper. 2012. OLIANI W.L, PARRA D.F., RIELLA H.G., LIMA L.F.C.P., LUGAO A.B.. Polypropylenenanogel: “Myth or reality”. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Volume 81, Issue 9, September 2012, Pages1460-146.

14. scientific paper. 2012. ALCÂNTARA M.T.S.,. BRANT A.J.C, GIANNINI D.R., PESSOA J.O.C.P., ANDRADE A.B.,RIELLA H.G.,. LUGAO A.B. Influence of dissolution processing of PVA blends on the characteristics of theirhydrogels synthesized by radiation—Part I: Gel fraction, swelling, and mechanical propertiesRadiationPhysics and Chemistry, Volume 81, Issue 9, September 2012, Pages 1465-1470.

15. scientific paper. 2012. OLIVEIRA M.J.A., AMATO V.S., LUGAO A.B., PARRA D.F.. Hybrid hydrogels produced byionizing radiation technique. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Volume 81, Issue 9, September 2012, Pages1471-1474.

16. scientific paper. 2010. MOMESSO R G.R.A., MORENO C.S., ROGERO S.O., ROGERO J.R., SPENCER P.J.,LUGAOA.B. Radiation stability of resveratrol in immobilization on poly vinyl pyrrolidone hydrogel dressing fordermatological use. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Volume 79, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 283-285

17. scientific conference contribution . 2010. 9th Ionizing Radiation and Polymer Symposium – Maryland , US.(2010) Oral Presentation - “Gamma Irradiation Effects over papain activity in different media” - Varca,G.H.C; Paiffer, F.; Mathor, M.B.; Kaneko, T.M.; Rogero, S.O.; Lopes, P.S.; Lugão, A.B.

18. scientific conference contribution . 2012. International Conference on Protein Stabilization – Prostab2012Lisbon, Portugal. (2012) Oral presentation - “ Stabilization of Papain by cyclic oligosaccharides: influence ofB-CD and B-derivatives over the biological properties of papain” - Varca, G.H.C; Ferraz, C.C; Esteves-Pedro,N.M.; Lopes, P.S.; Mathor, M.B.; Lugão, A.B.

19. scientific conference contribution . 2012. Latin American Congress on Biomaterials – Natal, Brazil. (2012)“Radio-induced protein reticulation for biomedical purposes” – Invited Talk – Gustavo H. C. Varca

20. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. IAEA Arcal CVIII – São Paulo, Brazil. (2012) “Advances in the use ofradiation Technology and nanotechnology in tissue engineering” – Invited Talk – “Nanotecnología aplicada ala salud” - Gustavo H.C. Varca

21. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. Sistemas avanzados de administración de medicamentos - Instituto deCiencias Nucleares, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico. (2012) Invited Talk “Computational tools applied to thedevelopment of protein-based drug carriers” – Gustavo H. C. Varca

22. scientific conference contribution . 2012. 10th Ionizing Radiation and Polymer Symposium – Krakow, Poland.(2012) Oral Presentation - “Radio-synthesized papain nanoparticles for biomedical purposes” - Varca, G.H.C;Ferraz, C. C.; Lopes, P; S.; Grasselli, M.; Lugão, A.B.

23. scientific paper. 2010. CHEN, Q.D., SHEN, X.H., Formation of mesoporous BaSO4 microspheres with a largerpore size via Ostwald ripening at room temperature, Cryst. Growth Des. 10 (2010) 3838.

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24. scientific paper. 2010. CHEN, Q.D., SHEN, X.H., GAO, H.C., Radiolytic syntheses of nanoparticles insupramolecular assemblies, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 159 (2010) 32. (Invited review)

25. scientific paper. 2010. YANG, S.G., CHEN, Q.D., SHI, J.F., SHEN, X.H., Controllable radiolytic reduction of Cu2+in aqueous solution by ß-cyclodextrin, Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin. 26 (2010) 805. (in Chinese)

26. Master Degree Thesis. 2012. Ahmed E. Swilem, Radiation Synthesis of Nano – scale Materials For BiomedicalApplications, Master Degree Thesis, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 2012

27. scientific paper. . Hassan A. Abd El-Rehim , Anke Klingner , El-Sayed A. Hegazy, Ashraf A. Hamed, Ahmed E.Swilem, Developing the Potential Ophthalmic Applications of Pilocarpine Entrapped IntoPoly(vinylpyrrolidone)/Poly(acrylic acid) (PVP/PAAc) Nanogel Dispersions Prepared By Gamma Radiation,Biomacromolecules, submitted for publication 2012

28. scientific paper. . Hassan A. Abd El-Rehim , El-Sayed A. Hegazy , Ashraf A. Hamed , Ahmed E. Swilem,Controlling the Size and Swellability of Stimuli-Responsive Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/Poly(acrylic acid)(PVP/PAAc) Nanogels Synthesized by Gamma Radiation-Induced Template Polymerization, EuropeanPolymer Journal, Submitted for publication (2012).

29. scientific paper. . BARSBAY, M., GUVEN, O., BESSBOUSSE, H., WADE, T.L., CLOCHARD M-C., Nanopore sizetuning of polymeric membranes using the RAFT-mediated radical polymerization, J. Memb. Sci. (submitted)

30. scientific paper. . Soto Espinoza, S. L., Arbeitman, C. R., Clochard, M.C., Grasselli M., Functionalization ofnanochannels by radiation-induced grafting polymerization on PET track-etched membranes, Rad. Phys.Chem. (submitted).

31. Patent. 2011. BARSBAY, M., GUVEN, O., BESSBOUSSE, H., CLOCHARD, M-C, WADE, T., RAFT-mediatedRadiation-induced Grafting of Acrylic acid from Track-etched PVDF Membranes to Develop Polymer FilmElectrodes, Patent EP11306648.4 (deposited the 13th of nov. 2011).

32. Patent. 2011. European Patent 2011DI0057 issued in the names of Haad Besbousse, Travis Wade, Marie-Claude Clochard, Murat Barsbay and Olgun Güven on “RAFT-mediated Radiation-induced Grafting of Acrylicacid from Track-etched PVDF Membranes to Develop Polymer Film Electrodes”

33. scientific conference contribution . 2011. M. Veres, L. Himics, S. Tóth, K.-P. Lee, A. Gopalan, M. Koós: SurfaceFunctionalization of Nanocrystalline Diamond Using Free Radical Polymerization, 22nd European Conferenceon Diamond, Diamond-like Materials Carbon Nanotubes and Nitrides, 4-8 September, 2011, Garmisch-Paterkirchen, Germany (poster presentation).

34. scientific conference contribution . 2012. B. Beiler, M. Veres, L. Himics, M. Koós and Á. Sáfrány: RamanSpectroscopic Study on Porous Polymer Monoliths Prepared by Radiation Initiated Polymerization, 12thTihany Symposium on Radiation Chemistry, August 27 – September 1, 2011, Zalakaros, Hungary (posterpresentation).

35. scientific conference contribution . 2012. M. Veres, L. Himics, S. Tóth, K.-P. Lee, A.I. Gopalan, M. Koós,Nanodiamond-Polymer Composites Prepared by Gamma Radiation Initiated Free Radical Polymerization,International Conference on Diamond and Carbon Materials, 3-6 September, 2012, Granada, Spain (posterpresentation).

36. scientific paper. 2010. BISWAL, J., RAMNANI, S. P., TEWARI, R., DEY G, K., SABHARWAL, S., “Short aspect ratiogold nanorods prepared using gamma radiation in the presence of Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as a directing agent”, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 28 (2010) 441.

37. scientific paper. 2010. BISWAL, J., RAMNANI, S. P., SHIROLIKAR, S., SABHARWAL, S., “Seedless synthesis ofgold nanorods employing isopropyl radical generated using gamma radiolysis technique”, Int. J.Nanotechnol. 7 (2010) 907.

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38. scientific paper. 2011. BISWAL, J., RAMNANI, S. P., SHIROLIKAR , S., SABHARWAL S., “Synthesis of rectangularplate like gold nanoparticles by insitu generation of seeds by combining both radiation and chemicalmethods”, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 80 (2011) 44.

39. scientific paper. 2012. MISRA, N., BISWAL, J., GUPTA, A., SAINIS J, K.,. SABHARWAL, S., “Gamma radiationinduced synthesis of gold nanoparticles in aqueous polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution and its application forhydrogen peroxide estimation” Radiat. Phys. Chem. 81 (2012) 195.

40. scientific paper. 2013. Biswal, J., Singh,S., Rath, M. C., Ramnani S. P., Sabharwal, S., „Synthesis of CdSequantum dots in PVA matrix by radiolytic methods”, Int. J. Nanotechnol., 7(2010) 1013- 126N. Misra,V.Kumar, L. Borde, L. Varshney, Localized surface plasmon resonance-optical sensors based on radiolyticallysynthesized silver nanoparticles for estimation of uric acid, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2013, 178,371-378.

41. scientific paper. 2013. MISRA, N., KUMAR, V., BORDE, L. AND VARSHNEY, L.; Localized surface plasmonresonance-optical sensors based on radiolytically synthesized silver nanoparticles for estimation of uric acid,Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 178 (2013), 371-378.

42. scientific conference contribution . 2012. MISRA, N., KUMAR, V., VARSHNEY, L.; Silver nanoparticles basedoptical biosensors for estimation of uric acid, ISMC, TSH, Mumbai, India, 11-15 December 2012, (Best PosterAward).

43. scientific conference contribution . 2011. MISRA, N., BISWAL, J., SABHARWAL, S.; Synthesis ofpolyvinylpyrrolidone stabilized gold nanoparticles by gamma irradiation, NSRP, JNV Univ., Jodhpur,Rajasthan, India, 10-12, March 2011.

44. scientific conference contribution . 2011. MISRA, N., BISWAL, J. DHAMGAYE, V. LODHA, G. S., SABHARWAL,S.; Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using synchrotron radiation at INDUS II, ETALAN, TSH, Mumbai, India,20-21 October 2011.

45. scientific conference contribution . 2012. KUMAR,V., GOEL, N. K., FRANCIS, S., BHARDWAJ, Y. K., VARSHNEY,L.; Hybrid Organic/Inorganic nanocomposite coating by electron beam curing process, Thermans, Mumbai,India, 31st January-2nd February 2012.

46. scientific conference contribution . 2012. MISRA, N., BISWAL, J., SABHARWAL, S., VARSHNEY, L.; Colorimetricestimation of trace levels of hydrogen peroxide using radiolytically synthesized Gold nanoparticles, ICWNCN,Delhi University, New Delhi, India, 13-16, March 2012.

47. scientific conference contribution . 2012. FRANCIS, S. TEWARI, R. MITRA, D. VARSHNEY, L.; Gold nanoplatesynthesis by hydrogen peroxide reduction of gold chloride, ISMC, Mumbai, India, 11-15, December 2012.

48. scientific conference contribution . 2013. FRANCIS, S., NUWAD, J., GUPTA, A., SAINIS, J. K., MITRA, D.,VARSHNEY , L.; Gamma radiolytic synthesis of gold nanoplates in presence ofpolydiallyldimethylammoniumchloride as the capping agent NSRP, Meghalaya, India. 20-22, March 2013.

49. scientific paper. 2011. Dadbin S, Naimian F, Akhavan A. Poly(Lactic acid)layered Silicate nanocomposite films:morphology, mechanical properties and effects of ?-radiation J Appl Polym Sci 2011; 122: 142-149.

50. scientific paper. 2013. DIBA BEHNOODFAR1, SUSAN DADBIN2, and MASOUD FROUNCHI, PLA Microspheres-Embedded PVA Hydrogels Prepared by Gamma-irradiation and Freeze-Thaw Methods as Drug ReleaseCarriers, International Journal of Polymeric Materials 2013, 62, 28-33.

51. scientific paper. . Dadbin S, Naimian F. Poly (lactic acid)/Hydroxyapatite Bio-nanocomposites: Effects ofgamma irradiation and composition on crystallinity, mechanical properties, morphology and enzymaticdegradation, submitted to Polymer International

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52. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. Dadbin S, Ahmadian V. Crystallinity of PLA/HAP nanocomposites:effect of gamma irradiation, ISPST2012, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, 21-25 October2012

53. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. Dadbin S, Akhavan, A. In Vitro enzymatic degradation of PLA/layeredsilicate nanocomposites, ISPST2012, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, 21-25 October 2012

54. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. Dadbin S, Naimian F. Kheirkhah Y. PLA/clay nanocomposites: Effects ofpreparation method on morphology and mechanical properties, ISPST2012, Amirkabir University ofTechnology, Tehran, Iran, 21-25 October 2012

55. scientific paper. 2010. Dispenza, M. Ricca, C. LoPresti, G Battaglia, M. La Valle, D. Giacomazza, D. Bulone “E-beam irradation and UV photocrosslinking of microemulsion-laden poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) hydrogels for“in-situ” encapsulation of volatile hydrophobic compounds”, Polymer Chemistry, (2010) DOI:10.1039/c0py00161a.

56. scientific paper. 2010. Ricca, V. Foderà, D. Giacomazza, M. Leone, G. Spadaro, C. Dispenza “Probing theinternal environment of PVP networks generated by irradiation with different sources” Colloid Polym. Sci.288 (2010) 969 980.

57. scientific conference contribution . 2009. Dispenza, G. Spadaro “Nuovi materiali nanocompositi a base diidrogeli e polimeri conduttori per l’elettronica molecolare” III Workshop nazionale AICING, Genova 14-16giugno 2009. K3 (Keynote).

58. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. Dispenza, M. Ricca, C. Lo Presti, G. Spadaro, A. Blanazs, G. Battaglia“Biocompatible nanostructured hydrogels incorporating polyaniline nanoparticles” Frontiers in PolymerScience Mainz 7-9 June 2009, Germany. P3-58.

59. scientific conference contribution . 2009. Dispenza, M.A. Sabatino, A. Niconov, E. Caponetti, R. Matassa, G.Navarra, S. Piazza, G. Spadaro “Biocompatible polyaniline nanocomposites build a soft interface betweenbiology and opto-electronics” Polymerfest, Palermo August 30 – September 02, 2009. P 223-224

60. scientific conference contribution . 2009. Dispenza, M.A. Sabatino, D. Bulone, D. Giacomazza, G. Ghersi, M.Leone, S. Rigogliuso, G. Spadaro “Macromolecular engineering of hydrogels: from macro to nano scalarmaterials for different levels of biointeraction” Polymerfest, Palermo August 30 – September 02, 2009, p237-238.

61. scientific paper. 2010. S. Sawada, A. Suzuki, T. Terai and Y. Maekawa, “TEMPO addition into pre-irradiatedfluoropolymers and living-radical graft polymerization of styrene for preparation of polymer electrolytemembranes, “, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 79, 471-478 (2010)

62. scientific paper. 2010. N. Nunung, T. Yamaki, H. Koshikawa, M. Asano, K. Enomoto, S. Sawada, Y. Maekawa,K.-O. Voss, C. Trautmann and R. Neumann, “Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-based ion track membranes withdifferent pore diameters and shapes: SEM observations and conductometric analysis“, Electrochemistry, 78,146-149 (2010)

63. scientific paper. 2010. S. Sawada, T. Yamaki, T. Ozawa, A. Suzuki, T. Terai, and Y. Maekawa, “Structuralanalysis of radiation-grafted polymer electrolyte membranes by dissipative particle dynamics simulation”,Kobunshi Ronbunshu, 67, 224-227(2010) (in Japanese)

64. scientific paper. 2010. J. Chen, D. Li, H. Koshikawa, M. Asano, and Y. Maekawa, “Crosslinking and grafting ofpolyetheretherketone film by radiation techniques for application in fuel cells”, J. Membr. Sci., 362, 488-494(2010)

65. scientific paper. 2010. K. Enomoto, Y. Maekawa, S. Takano, M. Iwasaki and T. Narita, “Electron-beam-induced chromism combined with photo- or thermal reverse reaction for color imaging“, J. Photopolym. Sci.Technol., 23, 217-224 (2010)

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66. scientific paper. 2011. K. Enomoto, S. Takahashi, T. Yamashita and Y. Maekawa, “Degradation manner ofpolymer grafts chemically attached on thermally stable polymer films: swelling-Induced detachment ofhydrophilic grafts from hydrophobic polymer substrates in aqueous media“, J. Mater. Chem., 21, 9343-9349(2011)

67. scientific paper. 2011. S. Hasegawa, S. Takahashi, H. Iwase, S. Koizumi, N. Morishita, T. Narita, M. Ohnumaand Y. Maekawa, “Radiation-induced graft Polymerization of functional monomer into poly(ether etherketone)film and structure-property analysis of the grafted membrane”, Polymer, 52, 98-106 (2011)

68. scientific paper. 2011. T. Yamaki, N. Nunung, H. Koshikawa, M. Asano, S. Sawada, S. Hasegawa, Y. Maekawa,K.-O. Voss, C. Trautmann and R. Neumann, “Conductometric Analysis for the Formation of Poly(vinylidenefluoride)-Based Ion Track Membranes”, ECS Trans., 35, 1-12 (2011)

69. scientific paper. 2011. S. Sawada and Y. Maekawa, “Proton Conduction Characteristics in Radiation-GraftedPolymer Electrolyte Membranes Based on Perfluorinated and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Polymers”, ECS Trans.,41, 2125-2133 (2011)

70. scientific paper. 2011. H. Iwase, S. Sawada, T. Yamaki, Y. Maekawa and S. Koizumi, “Preirradiation graftpolymerization of styrene in a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) film, investigated by time-resolved small-angleneutron scattering “, Int. J. Polym. Sci., 2011, 301807 (2011).

71. scientific paper. 2012. K. Enomoto, S. Takahashi and Y. Maekawa, “Novel Characterization Method for GraftPolymer Structures Chemically Attached on Thermally Stable Polymer Films”, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 213,72-78 (2012)

72. scientific paper. 2012. K. Enomoto, S. Takahashi, R. Rohani, Y. Maekawa, “Synthesis of Copolymer GraftsContaining Sulfoalkyl and Hydrophilic Groups in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes”, J. Membr. Sci., 415–416,36–41 (2012)

73. scientific paper. 2012. Gopalan A., Kyung Ryeol Ko, Se-Hee Lee, Komathi S., Miklos Veres, Kwang-Pill Lee,“Radiation induced preparation of new multifunctional nanobiowebs”, Radiation Physics and Chemistry 81(2012) 1407–1410

74. scientific paper. 2012. K-P Lee, Se-Hee Lee, S. Komathi, Gopalan A. “ Preparation of Co/Pd alloy particlesdispersed multiwalled carbon nanotube supported nanocatalysts via gamma irradiation” Radiation Physicsand Chemistry 81 (2012) 1422–1425

75. scientific conference contribution . 2011. K-P Lee, Se-Hee Lee, S. Komathi, Gopalan A. “ Preparation of Co/Pdalloy particles dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotube supported nanocatalysts via gamma irradiation”, 12thTihany Symposium on Radiation Chemistry, August 27 – September 1, 2011, Zalakaros, Hungary (posterpresentation).

76. scientific conference contribution . 2011. Gopalan A., Kyung Ryeol Ko, Se-Hee Lee, Komathi S., Miklos Veres,Kwang-Pill Lee, “ Radiation induced preparation of new multifunctional nanobiowebs”, 12th TihanySymposium on Radiation Chemistry, August 27 – September 1, 2011, Zalakaros, Hungary (posterpresentation).

77. scientific paper. 2012. Hamzah, Y.; Yunus, W.; N.M. Isa,; Tajau R,; Hashim, K. e-Polymers, 2012, no. 045.

78. scientific paper. 2012. Hamzah, Y.; Yunus, W.; N.M. Isa, Pertanika J. Sci. & Technol.,2012, 20, 401

79. scientific paper. 2012. Tajau, R. Adv. Mat. Res., 2012, 364, 278.

80. scientific paper. 2011. Tajau, R. J. Nuc. And Rel. Tech., 2011, 8, 6.

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81. scientific meeting contribution . 2010. Rida, W.M.Z.W. Yunus, Y. Hamzah, K.Z.M. Dahlan, M.H. Mahmood,“Radiation Synthesis Of Micro-Nano Particle Of Acrylated Palm Oil”, Fundamental Science Congress,Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, Oral presentation, May 2010.

82. scientific conference contribution . 2009. Bartoszek N, P. Ulanski, J. M. Rosiak; Free-radical reactionsinvolving macromolecules as studied by pulse radiolysis - factors influencing reaction rate constants, 4thEuropean Young Investigators Conference, Collegium Polonicum, Slubice (Poland); 18 - 21 June 2009

83. scientific conference contribution . 2009. Bartoszek B, P. Ulanski, J. M. Rosiak; Radioliza impulsowa jakometoda do wyznaczania stalych szybkosci propagacji w polimeryzacji rodnikowej. 52. Zjazd PolskiegoTowarzystwa Chemicznego oraz Stowarzyszenia Inzynierów i Techników Przemyslu Chemicznego, Lódz 12-16September 2009

84. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. Kadlubowski S, R. Czechowska-Biskup, P. Ulanski, J. M. Rosiak;Inicjowana radiacyjnie synteza nanozeli polimerowych, III Krajowa Konferencja Nanotechnologii - nano2009,Warszawa (Poland); 22-26 June 2009

85. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. Rokita B., P. Komorowski, P. Ulanski, B. Walkowiak, J. M. Rosiak;Sonolysis of DNA from calf thymus in aqueous solution, 4th European Young Investigators Conference,Collegium Polonicum, Slubice (Poland); 18 - 21 June 2009

86. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. Rokita B., P. Komorowski, P. Ulanski, B.Walkowiak, J.M. Rosiak; Wplywultradzwieków na kwas deoksyrybonukleinowy - DNA, 52. Zjazd Polskiego Towarzystwa Chemicznego orazStowarzyszenia Inzynierów i Techników Przemyslu Chemicznego, Lódz 12-16 September 2009

87. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. Ulanski P., S. Kadlubowski, J.K Jeszka, J.M. Rosiak; Synthesis ofnanogels by radiation-induced intramolecular crosslinking of single polymer chains, Workshop on Progress inBio- and Nanotechnology, Lodz, Poland; 12-14 February 2009

88. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. Ulanski P.; Radiation chemistry of polymers - some opportunities andtrends, Radiation Chemistry in the 21st Century A Visionary Meeting, University of Notre Dame, NotreDame,Indiana, USA, 12 – 15 July 2009

89. scientific paper. 2010. CVETICANIN, J., KRKLJES, A., KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., MITRIC, M., RAKOCEVIC, Z.,TRPKOV, DJ., NESKOVIC, O., “Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with silver clusters”, Appl. Surf. Sci. 256(2010) 7048-7055.

90. scientific paper. 2010. JOVANOVIC, Z., KRKLJES, A., TOMIC, S., MISKOVIC-STANKOVIC, V., POPOVIC, S.,DRAGASEVIC, M., KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., “Properties of Ag/PVP Hydrogel Nanocomposite Synthesized InSitu by Gamma Irradiation”, in Trends in Nanophysics: Theory,Experiment and Technology. Eds: AlexandruAldea, Victor Bârsan. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010, 315-328.

91. scientific paper. 2010. KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., DRAGASEVIC, M., KRKLJES, A., POPOVIC, S., JOVANOVIC, Z.,TOMIC, S., MISKOVIC-STANKOVIC, V., “On the Use of Radiation Technology for Nanoscale Engineering ofSilver/Hydrogel Based Nanocomposites for Potential Biomedical Application”, The Open ConferenceProceedings Journal 1 (2010) 200-206.

92. scientific paper. 2011. JOVANOVIC, Z., KRKLJES, A., STOJKOVSKA, J., TOMIC, S., OBRADOVIC, B., MISKOVIC-STANKOVIC, V., KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., “Synthesis and characterization of Ag/PVP hydrogel nanocompositeobtained by in situ radiolytic method”, Rad. Phys. Chem. 80 (2011) 1208-1215.

93. scientific paper. 2012. Jovanovic, Z., Radosavljevic, A., Siljegovic, M., Bibic, N., Miskovic-Stankovic V.,Kacarevic-Popovic, Z., “Structural and optical characteristics of silver/poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)nanosystems synthesized by ?-irradiation”, Rad. Phys. Chem. 81 (2012) 1720-1728.

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94. scientific paper. 2012. CvetiCanin, J., Koteski, V., BeloseviC-Cavor, J., RadosavljeviC, A., KaCareviC-PopoviC,Z., Trpkov, DJ., ACimoviC, D., RogiC MiladinoviC, Z., CindriC, M., NeSkoviC O., “MALDI TOF and theoreticalinvestigation of silver clusters obtained by gamma irradiation”, Vacuum 89 (2012) 47-52.

95. scientific conference contribution . 2010. CVETICANIN, J., KRKLJES, A., KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., TRPKOV, DJ.,CINDRIC, M., NESKOVIC, O., „Mass Spectrometric Investigation of Silver Clusters“, 10th InternationalConference of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Physical Chemistry, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2010,September 21-24, 2010, Belgrade, Serbia, Proceedings, p.60-62.

96. scientific conference contribution . 2010. KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., DRAGASEVIC, M., KRKLJES, A., POPOVIC,S., JOVANOVIC, Z., TOMIC, S., MISKOVIC-STANKOVIC, V., „On the Use of Radiation Techology for NanoscaleEngineering of Silver/Hydrogel Based Nanocomposites for Potential Biomedical Application“, 2ndInternational Conference on Drug Discovery and Therapy, Dubai Men‘s College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates,February 1-4, 2010, Abstracts, SL-319, p.117

97. scientific conference contribution . 2009. KRKLJES, A., KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., NEDELJKOVIC, J., „Radiolyticsynthesis and characterization of thermoresponsive Ag/PNIPA hydrogel nanocomposites“, 2nd InternationalConference of Physics of Optical Materials and Devices ICOM 2009, Herceg Novi, Montenegro, August 26-31,2009, Book of Abstract, p.177.

98. scientific conference contribution . 2009. KRKLJES, A., KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., NEDELJKOVIC, J., „TheInfluence of Network Parameters on the Properties of Thermoresponsive Ag/PNIPA HydrogelNanocomposite Synthesized by Gamma Irradiation“, 11th Annual Conference YUCOMAT 2009, Herceg Novi,Montenegro, August 31 - September 4, 2009, Programme and The Book of Abstracts, P.S.D.9, p.176.

99. scientific conference contribution . 2010. KRSTIC, J., KRKLJES, A., PERIC-GRUJIC, A., MITRIC, M., KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., „Hybrid Ag/PVA hydrogel nanocomposites for potentional biomedical application synthesizedby gamma irradiation“, X International Conference on Nanostructured Materials NANO 2010, Rome, Italy,September 13-17, 2010, Abstracts book, Poster-Th-98, p.191.

100. scientific conference contribution . 2010. KRSTIC, J., KRKLJES, A., KACAREVIC-POPOVIC, Z., „Swelling Behavior of Ag/PVA hydrogel nancomposite synhesized by .?-irradiation“, 10th International Conference of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Physical Chemistry, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2010, September 21-24, 2010, Belgrade, Serbia, Proceedings, p.110-112.

101. scientific meeting contribution . . KrstiC J., KrkljeS, A., MitriC, M., KaCareviC-PopoviC, Z., “Characterization and swelling kinetics of Ag/PVA hydrogel nanocomposites synthesized by ?-irradiation”, International Workshop on Processing of Nanostructured Ceramics, Polymers, and Composites, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, November 29-30, 2010, Book of Abstracts, Poster-P4, p.48.

102. scientific meeting contribution . 2011. KrstiC, J., SpasojeviC, J., KrkljeS, A., KaCareviC-PopoviC, Z., “Swelling kinetics and antimicrobial activity of radiolytically synthesized nano-Ag/PVA hydrogels”, 12th Tihany Symposium on Radiation Chemistry, Zalakaros, Hungary, August 27 - September 1, 2011, Program and Abstracts, p.110.

103. scientific meeting contribution . 2011. Spasojevic, J., Krstic, J., Radosavljevic, A., Kalagasidis-Krusic, M., Kacarevic-Popovic, Z., “Thermoresponsive silver/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel nanocomposites synthesized by gamma irradiation”, Tenth Young Researchers Conference - Materials Science and Engineering, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), Belgrade, Serbia, December 21-23, 2011, Program and the Book of Abstracts, XI/2, p.44

104. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. Krstic, J., Spasojevic, J., Radosavljevic, A., Kacarevic-Popovic, Z., „Non-isothermal kinetics of dehydratation of Ag/PVA hydrogel nanocomposite synthesized by g-irradiation“, 11th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Physical Chemistry, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2012, Belgrade, Serbia, Septembar 24-28, 2012, Proceedings, Volume I, C-20-P, 212-214.

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105. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. Spasojevic, J., Krstic, J., Radosavljevic, A., Kalagasidis-Krucsic, M., Kacarevic-Popovic, Z., „Poly(NiPAAm-co-IA) hydrogels synthesized by g-irradiation: Swelling behavior in water“, 11th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Physical Chemistry, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2012, Belgrade, Serbia, Septembar 24-28,2012, Proceedings, Volume II, J-12-P, 550-552.

106. scientific meeting contribution . 2012. Krstic, J., Spasojevic, J., Radosavljevic, A., Kacarevic-Popovic, Z. M., „Gamma irradiation technique for plasmonic nanoengineering of Ag/hydrogels nanocomposites“, The 3rd International Conference On The Physics Of Optical Materials And Devices, Belgrade, Serbia, September 3-6,2012, Proceedings, P2.1-31, 240.

107. scientific paper. 2010. PASANPHAN, W.*, RIMDUSIT, P., CHOOFONG, S., PIROONPAN, T., NILSUWANKOSIT, S., “Systematic fabrication of chitosan nanoparticle by gamma irradiation”, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 79 (2010) 1095–1102.

108. scientific paper. . PASANPHAN, W., CHOOFONG, S., RIMDUSIT, P., “Deoxycholate-chitosan nanosphere fabricated by g-irradiation and chemical modification: nanoscale synthesis and controlling studies”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. (2010) Revision.

109. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. PASANPHAN, W.*, RIMDUSIT, P., CHOOFONG, S., CHIRACHANCHAI, S., Chirachanchai. “Chitosan nanoparticle formation: systematic condition based on gamma irradiation and chemical modification studies.” The 6th European Conference on Marine Natural Products, Porto, Portugal, 17-24 July 2009

110. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. CHOOFONG, S., PASANPHAN, W.* “Particle size lowering of chitosan nanosphere by gamma irradiation and chemical modification”, The 7th Eco-Energy and Materials Science and Engineering Symposium, Chiangmai, Thailand, 19-22 November 2009, International Proceeding 125-130.

111. scientific meeting contribution . 2009. RIMDUSIT, P., PASANPHAN, W.*, “Gamma-ray generated chitosan nanoparticle: systematic preparation study”, The 7th Eco-Energy and Materials Science and Engineering Symposium, Chiangmai, Thailand, 19-22 November 2009, International Proceeding 131-135.

112. scientific paper. 2010. ATES, Z., GÜVEN, O., Radiation-induced Molecular Imprinting of D-glucose ontoPoly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Matrices Using various Crosslinking Agents, Rad. Phys. Chem, 79(2010)219-222.

113. scientific paper. 2009. BARSBAY, M., GÜVEN, O., DAVIS, T. P., BARNER-KOWOLLIK, C., BARNER, L., “RAFT-mediated polymerization and grafting of 4-styrenesulfonate from cellulose initiated via gamma-radiation” Polymer, 50(2009)973-982.

114. scientific paper. 2009. BARSBAY, M., GÜVEN, O., “A Short review of radiation-induced RAFT-mediated Graft Copolymerization” Rad. Phys. Chem., 78(2009)1054-1059.

115. scientific paper. 2011. AKBULUT, M., LAKSHMI, D., WHITCOMBE, M.J., PILETSKA, E., CHIANELLA, I., GÜVEN, O., PLETSKY,S., “Microplates with Adaptive Surfaces” ACS Combinatorial Science, 13(2011)646-652.

116. scientific paper. 2012. WALO, M., PRYZBYTNIAK, G., KAVAKLI, A. P., GÜVEN, O., “Radiation-induced Graft Polymerization of N-vinyl pyrrolidone onto Segmented Polyurethane Based on Isophorone Diisocyanate”, Rad. Phys. Chem., 82(2012)xxx.

117. scientific conference contribution . 2012. Hoffman, A.S., “Evolution of Biomaterials into the Nano-Era” plenary talk, 10th meeting of the Ionizing Radiation and Polymers (IRaP2012) Symposium, Krakow, Poland, 14-19 October 2012, Book of Abstracts, pp. 16.

83

CRP No. 1382 (T21025)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Behaviour of Cementitious Materials in Long Term Storage and Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Section/Division: Division of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology, NEFW


Total Cost: € 160,125.13


Objectives of CRP:


Cementitious materials are widely used in waste management systems with different aims and requirements for long term performance. Both conventional and novel cementitious materials are used to create reliable immobilising elements for safe storage and disposal of wastes. The barrier elements as well as interactions envisaged between various components are important to ultimately ensure the overall safety of a storage/disposal system. The behaviour and performance of cementitious materials including waste package components, wasteform and backfilling are analysed within the IAEA Coordinated Research Project which involved 26 research organizations from 21 Member States. The work performed till today under CRP is relevant to any Member State that is dealing with radioactive waste, which means that the CRP also provided significant contributions to Predisposal and Disposal Project of Waste Technology Section.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• The following specific research objectives were initially included in CRP:o cementitious materials for radioactive waste packaging: including radioactive waste

immobilization into a solid waste form,o waste backfilling and containers;o emerging and alternative cementitious systems;o physical-chemical processes occurring during the hydration and ageing of cement matrices

and their influence on the cement matrix quality;o methods of production of cementitious materials for: immobilization into wasteform,

backfills and containers;o conditions envisaged in the disposal environment for packages (physical and chemical

conditions, temperature variations, groundwater, radiation fields);o testing and non-destructive monitoring techniques for quality assurance of cementitious

materials;o waste acceptance criteria for waste packages, waste forms and backfills; transport, long

term storage and disposal requirements; ando modelling or simulation of long term behaviours of cementations materials used for

packaging, waste immobilization and backfilling, especially in the post-closure phase.

• The main research outcomes of the IAEA CRP are summarized in the CRP draft report under fourtopical sections:

o conventional cementitious systems;o novel cementitious materials and technologies;o testing and waste acceptance criteria; and

84

o modelling long term behaviour, as well as conclusions of the overall CRP. These themes arefurther developed in the individual reports presented in appendices of this document. Theindividual contributions of participating organizations to CRP are also summarized in themain body of the document.

Outputs:

• NE SERIES Report to provide complete information on CRP results

Impact of the CRP:

• The Coordinated Research Project resulted in an active interchange of experiences among leadingresearch groups on the behaviour of cementitious materials in long term storage and disposal ofradioactive waste. It has enabled to access valuable information on the underlying science andtechnology of cementitious materials used radioactive waste management.

• Cements are a suitable material for the immobilization of a variety of waste constituents due to theirfavourable chemical and physical properties. The cement hydration products formed favour sorptionand substitution of cationic, anionic and neutral radwaste species into cement solids while themicrostructure affords physical immobilization. Cements have been extensively modified by reactiveadmixtures to enhance physical properties and tailor the immobilization potential for specificradwaste species or groups of species and counter the potentially harmful effect of inactive wastespecies.

• Interactions between a cement system and the waste stream have, however, been shown to becomplex, and research programmes in this area are carried out to fully understand and quantifythese. Available research has highlighted that, by controlling the internal chemistry, microstructureof the matrix and the hydration products formed, through incorporation of reactive admixtures,choice of curing temperature and water /cement ratio, systems may be developed selectively toenhance immobilization of a specific waste component or group of components.

• More research is required on the physical and chemical effects of waste ions on the cementstructure during solidification; the formation of exotic hydration products, the speciation of wasteions and the resistance of the constituent solid phases to degradation. These interactions must beunderstood because apparently slight changes in matrix chemistry could result in significant changein immobilization capacity and, if this capacity is reduced, accelerate release of radioactive materialinto the biosphere. Waste-cement interactions, and the time dependence of the immobilizationpotential, are the focus of much current research.

• Although numerous data are available on the release of radionuclides from various waste forms,modelling studies of the interactive processes of degradation in cementitious material is a muchlarger task than could be encompassed in this CRP. The local characteristics of the disposal siteimpose specific constrains on the evolution of barrier performance with time. Both simple andcomplex models are being developed: simple models as tools for semi-quantitative assessments andmore complex and sophisticated models to couple processes, including reactive transport, withother chemical and physical degradation mechanisms.

• To verify the durability of the waste forms, several leaching methods have been defined but nonehave been subject to sufficient critical scrutiny to be considered as standard. Tests are available forboth static and dynamic conditions, but irrespective of the test method, analytical work is requiredfollowing leach tests. Variables affecting the leaching rate during testing have to be agreed asappropriate. Defining “appropriateness” creates problems where data have to be kept genericbecause no site has been defined and the expected hydrogeological conditions are not known.Among the main variables to be considered are: the flow rate, the time of leaching, the effects of thetemperature and the leachant composition.

• Novel materials need a better benchmarking. Existing test methods may not give comparable resultswith different classes of materials.

• Among the data to be measured, the most important is leaching characteristic. Under static leachingconditions, the concentration of dissolved species increases with time, until the solutionconcentration reaches its solubility limits. But it may not be easy to draw conclusions about theapplicability of this type of testing to waste form behaviour in low- flow conditions. Surfacealteration is a second effect to be considered: monoliths typically react with their serviceenvironment so as to form chemically and physically graded structures: reaction is physically

85

inhomogeneous. The waste forms may also be affected by radiation and the products of radiolysis thus affecting the chemical composition of “water” in the waste.

• Testing and the extrapolation of short term test data to centuries (or longer) has proved to be verycomplex. Reliable data on the kinetics of all but the simplest processes are missing. Qualityassurance and criteria for acceptance have proven to be another problematical area. Althoughencouraging progress is reported on non- destructive testing (NDT), additional NDT test methods arerequired. Criteria for acceptance for final disposal need to be appropriate to the disposal site andactivity of the package.

• The capacity to model all the effects involved in the dissolution and alteration of the waste form, inconditions similar to the disposal site, and to predict behaviours of cementitious materials used, isthe final goal of the research undertaken by some research groups. As described in this document,modelling is still in its developmental stage. Nevertheless it may be the way forward as compressionof the time factor is difficult reliably to achieve by accelerated testing. However, it is suggested thatthe data base for modelling needs to be upgraded and enhanced, and that modellers link toexperimental studies designed to verify the key conclusions of mathematical models.

• Encouraging progress is reported in the CRP. While many tasks remain incomplete there is a greaterunderstanding and definition of the remaining problems and of approaches and methodologiesneeded to solve them.


• The CRP investigated the behaviour and performance of cementitious materials used for an overallwaste conditioning system based on use of cement, [including waste packaging (containers), wasteimmobilisation (waste form) and waste backfilling, as well as, interaction and interdependencies ofthese individual elements (containers-waste form-backfill)], during long term storage and disposal,and understand the processes that may result in the degradation of their physical and chemicalproperties.

• The main research outcomes of the IAEA CRP are summarized in the report under four topicalsections: a) conventional cementitious systems; b) novel cementitious materials and technologies; c)testing and waste acceptance criteria; and d) modelling long term behaviour, as well as individualcontributions of participating organizations to CRP and conclusions of the overall CRP.

• Exchange of information and research co-operation in resolving identical problems betweendifferent institutions in Member States contribute towards improving waste management practices,its efficiency and general safety. The execution of the CRP promoted the exchange of advancedinformation on the on-going research and development activities and facilitated access to thepractical results of their application for conditioning of specific types of wastes. As a result of theCRP implementation a new knowledge and practical experience is established and it will betransferred to Member States to improve their radioactive waste management practices.

• Use of this report is likely to be most effective as a screening tool to identify cementitious systemsand technologies to meet specific waste management objectives in terms of the waste generated,the technical complexity of waste streams, the available economic resources, the environmentalimpact considerations, and the desired end product (waste form). The report should assist the userto compare cementitious systems and technologies and to reach an informed decision based onsafety, technological maturity, economics, and other local needs.


• The recent CRP on Cementitious materials which involved 26 organisations from 22 countries wasactually operated as a virtual network keeping involved and really bringing together managers,planners, and implementers of nuclear waste processing technologies who use cementitiousmaterials including novel systems and improving their practices and approaches. That was clearlyacknowledged by CRP participants. This was also confirmed at recent ICEM (Reims), MRS (BuenosAires) and NUWCEM (Avignon) international conferences. Many attendees from these conferenceshave expressed their interest to the IAEA for continuation of this networking activities in wasteimmobilisation and to involve even more experts, which are aware of benefits that the IAEAleaderships brings. Examples of such expression of interest are requests received from Argentina(CNEA), Australia (ANSTO), Belgium (ONDRAF and Belgoprocess), Canada (AECL and Natural

86

Resources), France (CEA), Italy (SOGIN and NUCLECO), Germany (Julich), Russia (Kazan University), UK (NNL and Dalton Nuclear Institute), USA (US DOE, Energy Solutions, Pacific Nuclear Solutions).

• Accounting for the above, it would be prudent to assist Member States in keeping a network thatcan provide for discussion among interested parties. Solution could be in launching a dedicatedNetwork on Predisposal technologies focused on immobilisation and nuclear waste forms(IMMONET) or associating this matter to one of the existing WTS networks. The essential group ofinterested parties is from CRP participants that should continue their work by maintaining thevirtual network already in place. Consideration should be given to either launching IMMONETnetwork or associating matter of waste immobilization to one of the existing WTS networks.


1. NE Series Report. 2012.

87

No. Amount No. Amount No. Amount No Expenses

1.1 Nuclear Power

1000020 4 7 000 1 7 000 14 000 2 32 442 46 442

1000021 10 27 500 27 500 2 18 753 46 253

1000022 3 10 000 1 7 000 17 000 1 442 17 442

1000026 6 13 000 13 000 1 15 360 28 360

1000084 19 385 19 385

Sub Total 23 57 500 2 14 000 0 0 0 71 500 6 86 382 157 882


1000033 3 12 000 1 5 000 17 000 1 15 202 32 202

1000036 3 16 500 16 500 1 34 114 50 614

1000037 3 20 000 20 000 1 28 994 48 994

1000039 1 6 606 6 606

1000040 2 6 500 6 500 0 6 500

1000137 0 0 0 3 393 3 393

Sub Total 11 55 000 1 5 000 0 0 0 60 000 4 88 310 148 310


1000046 8 28 000 28 000 1 12 442 40 442

1000047 24 107 800 107 800 2 32 911 140 711

1000049 1 15 207 15 207

Sub Total 32 135 800 0 0 0 0 0 135 800 4 60 560 196 360

1.4 Nuclear Science

1000061 3 8 000 8 000 3 40 411 48 411

1000063 4 17 000 17 000 2 79 324 96 324

1000065 4 16 000 16 000 2 26 890 42 890

1000067 16 62 000 62 000 1 12 090 74 090

1000069 0 2 000 1 4 000 6 000 6 000

1000070 7 9 000 9 000 1 23 398 32 398

1000072 16 68 000 68 000 3 52 446 120 446

1000073 7 35 000 35 000 1 9 106 44 106

1000077 28 135 500 135 500 2 74 702 210 202

1000121 11 48 000 48 000 48 000

1000165 1 0 0 0

1090075 3 45 000 45 000 2 46 882 91 882

Sub Total 100 445 500 1 4 000 0 0 0 449 500 17 365 248 814 748

2.0 Overall Management and Coordination

2000146 11 71 500 71 500 1 30 213 101 713

Sub Total 11 71 500 0 0 0 0 0 71 500 1 30 213 101 713


2000005 12 73 500 7 45 500 119 000 3 86 171 205 171

2000006 19 138 000 1 10 000 148 000 3 80 355 228 355

2000007 18 160 800 1 10 000 170 800 1 6 868 177 668

2000008 5 36 850 1 8 000 44 850 24 279 69 129

2000009 16 121 000 2 15 000 136 000 1 27 710 163 710

2000011 10 74 000 74 000 1 27 151 101 151

2000012 14 135 250 3 45 000 24 402 204 652 72 056 276 708

2000014 22 138 000 138 000 2 59 632 197 632

2000016 22 124 600 124 600 1 31 055 155 655

2000017 18 134 200 1 7 500 141 700 66 682 208 382

2000020 16 101 500 3 26 500 128 000 128 000

2000021 28 176 000 3 26 000 202 000 1 47 667 249 667

2000022 12 172 000 3 30 000 202 000 2 75 111 277 111

2000023 6 40 000 2 20 000 60 000 2 74 084 134 084

Sub Total 218 1 625 700 27 243 500 0 0 24 402 1 893 602 17 678 820 2 572 422

2.2 Human Health

2000026 8 79 650 3 23 300 7 82 300 185 250 2 52 023 237 273

2000027 16 153 500 5 54 000 5 75 000 282 500 1 15 622 298 122

2000028 8 78 593 2 20 000 98 593 2 36 818 135 411

2000034 1 12 000 12 000 12 000

2000042 37 159 700 159 700 159 700

2000047 11 49 000 3 12 000 61 000 2 62 766 123 766

2000048 7 28 000 2 12 600 40 600 1 26 451 67 051

B I: Distribution of Total 2013 Funds Obligated by IAEA Projects

Overall TotalTotalProgramme/Project Research Technical Doctoral

ContractsCRP

PurchasesRCM

88

No. Amount No. Amount No. Amount No Expenses

Overall TotalTotalProgramme/Project Research Technical Doctoral

ContractsCRP

PurchasesRCM

2000109 38 253 600 4 18 000 0 271 600 5 121 160 392 760

2000110 9 54 000 1 10 000 64 000 1 23 455 87 455

2000113 26 157 000 4 36 000 193 000 3 61 813 254 813

2000114 1 7 600 7 600 7 600

2090045 8 40 000 40 000 1 26 918 66 918

Sub Total 168 1 053 043 23 193 500 15 169 300 0 1 415 843 18 427 027 1 842 870

2.3 Water Resources

2000056 9 40 000 40 000 1 26 044 66 044

2000057 1 10 000 10 000 10 000

2000059 4 37 000 5 75 500 112 500 112 500

2000063 11 57 000 57 000 57 000

2000064 14 64 500 64 500 64 500

2000123 8 32 000 32 000 1 25 787 57 787

Sub Total 47 240 500 5 75 500 0 0 0 316 000 2 51 831 367 831

2.4 Environment

2090070 1 2 000 2 000 2 000

2090137 6 30 000 30 000 1 22 613 52 613

2090068 0 1 20 217 20 217

2000131 3 911 3 911

2000132 8 52 000 1 6 500 58 500 58 500

Sub Total 15 84 000 1 6 500 0 0 0 90 500 2 46 741 137 241


2000090 5 35 000 35 000 2 52 997 87 997

2000091 7 29 000 29 000 29 000

2000092 10 55 000 55 000 33 571 88 571

2000094 21 84 000 84 000 1 68 511 152 511

2000095 23 105 000 105 000 1 31 678 136 678

2000096 12 69 000 69 000 69 000

Sub Total 78 377 000 0 0 0 0 0 377 000 4 186 757 563 757

3.2 Safety of Nuclear Installations

3000030 0 9 000 9 000 9 000

Sub Total 0 9 000 0 0 0 0 0 9 000 0 0 9 000

3.3 Radiation and Transport Safety

3000103 2 30 120 30 120 30 120

Sub Total 0 0 2 30 120 0 0 0 30 120 0 30 120


3000118 1 5 000 5 000 2 55 508 60 508

Sub Total 1 5 000 0 0 0 0 0 5 000 55 508 60 508


3091068 4 14 000 1 285 000 299 000 299 000

3092072 1 257 000 257 000 257 000

Sub Total 4 14 000 2 285 000 0 0 0 556 000 0 556 000

Grand Total 708 4 173 543 64 1 114 120 15 169 300 24 402 5 481 365 77 2 077 396 7 558 761

89

IAEA's 2013 Project Names Used in B I.Project No. Project Name

1000020 1.1.5.002 Technology advances in water cooled reactors for improvements in economics and safety

1000021 1.1.5.003 Support for fast reactor research, technology development and deployment

1000022 1.1.5.004 Technology advances for gas cooled reactors (GCRs)

1000026 1.1.6.002 Nuclear hydrogen production

1000033 1.2.2.001 Nuclear power reactor fuel engineering

1000036 1.2.3.001 Spent Fuel Storage

1000037 1.2.3.002 Spent fuel recycle

1000039 1.2.4.001 Supporting emerging nuclear fuel cycle technologies for advanced and innovative reactors

1000040 1.2.4.002 Supporting development of proliferation resistant fuel cycles

1000046 1.3.2.001 Technoeconomic analysis

1000047 1.3.2.002 Topical issues related to sustainable energy development

1000049 1.3.3.001 Implementing methodology and guidance for nuclear knowledge management

1000061 1.4.1.002 Nuclear data standards and evaluations

1000063 1.4.1.004 Atomic, molecular and plasma-material data for fusion experiments

1000065 1.4.1.005 Nuclear data for emerging issues and advanced nuclear facilities

1000067 1.4.2.001 Enhancement of utilization and applications of research reactors

1000069 1.4.2.003 Addressing research reactor fuel cycle issues

1000070 1.4.2.004 Research reactor operation and maintenance

1000072 1.4.3.001 Accelerator techniques for modification and analysis of materials for nuclear technologies

1000073 1.4.3.002 Fostering interdisciplinary developments in accelerator applications

1000077 1.4.4.001 Supporting plasma physics and fusion research

1000084 1.1.1.001 Engineering support for operating nuclear power plants including safety aspects

1000121 1.4.1.003 Atomic and Molecular Data Developments

1000137 1.2.3.003 AP support related to spent fuel

1000165 1.4.4.001 Nuclear Fusion Research and Technology

1090075 1.4.3.004 LAB Nuclear spectrometry for analytical applications

2000005 2.1.1.001 Land management for climate smart agriculture

2000006 2.1.1.002 Water Management for Resource-Saving Agriculture

2000007 2.1.1.003 Crop improvement for high yield and enhanced adaptability to climate change

90

Project No. Project Name

2000008 2.1.1.004 Integrated and efficient mutation technologies for crop breeding and genetics

2000009 2.1.1.005 Integrated soil-water-plant approaches to enhance food production and biomass productivity

2000011 2.1.2.001 Improving animal production and breeding

2000012 2.1.2.002 Decreasing Transboundary Animal and Zoonotic Disease Threats

2000014 2.1.2.003 Innovative nuclear based approaches to maintain biodiversity and enhance livestock productivity.

2000016 2.1.3.001 Food irradiation applications using novel radiation technologies

2000017 2.1.3.002 Traceability to improve food safety and quality and enhance international trade

2000020 2.1.4.001 SIT to control exotic insect plant pests of agriculture and the environment

2000021 2.1.4.001 SIT and related technologies to manage major insect plant pests

2000022 2.1.4.002 Management of livestock insect pests for sustainable agriculture

2000023 2.1.4.003 Development of the SIT for the control of disease transmitting mosquitoes

2000026 Maternal, Newborn and Child Nutrition

2000027 2.2.1.002 Overnutrition, obesity and non-communicable diseases

2000028 2.2.1.003 Nutrition and infectious diseases

2000034 2.2.2.003 Quality management in professional education and clinical practice

2000036 Molecular targeted radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and therapy in non-communicable diseases

2000042 2.2.3.002 Biological effects of radiation

2000047 2.2.4.003 Quality assurance guidelines for medical physics in clinical radiation imaging

2000048 2.2.4.004 Developments and harmonization of quality assurance in radiation medicine

2000056 2.3.1.001 IAEA isotope data networks for precipitation, rivers, and groundwater

2000057 2.3.1.002 Synthesis and dissemination of global isotope data and related information

2000059 2.3.2.001 Comprehensive assessment of resources

2000063 2.3.3.001 Characterization of fossil groundwater using long-lived radionuclides

2000064 2.3.3.002 Noble gas isotopes for groundwater recharge and pollution studies

2000090 2.5.1.001 Development and production of medical radioisotopes

2000091 2.5.1.002 Development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals

2000092 2.5.1.003 Cost effective radiopharmaceuticals Development (complementary project to Project 2.2.2.2 of the Human Health programme)

2000094 2.5.2.001 Industrial applications of radioisotopes and radiation techniques

2000095 2.5.2.002 Radiation technology for health care and environmental applications

2000096 2.5.2.003 Supporting national capacity building to adopt radiation processing techniques in remediation of pollutants.

91

Project No. Project Name

2000109 2.2.2.001 Diagnostics and therapy of non-communicable diseases (NCDs)using nuclear techniques

2000110 2.2.2.002 Educational resources for the use of nuclear techniques in human health

2000113 2.2.3.001 Clinical radiation oncology

2000114 2.2.3.003 Quality assurance in radiotherapy

2000123 2.3.2.002 Management strategies for groundwater and surface water resources

2000132 2.4.2.002 Assessing carbon cycle and impacts of ocean acidification

2000146 2.0.0.005 AP - Nuclear Safety Action Plan

2090045 2.2.4.001 LAB Quality audits in dosimetry for radiation therapy

2090068 2.4.1.002 LAB Provision of reference products for terrestrial environments and laboratory performance support

2090070 2.4.1.004 LAB Provision of stable isotope reference products for water and other environmental applications

2090137 2.4.4.001 LAB Methodologies for understanding environmental processes in terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric ecosystems

3000030 3.2.5.001 Enhancing the safety of research reactors and knowledge sharing

3000103 3.3.1.001 Radiation protection criteria and standards

3000118 3.4.2.001 Pre-disposal management of radioactive waste

3091068 3.5.2.2b D&R Section: Research and development to support the further development of the nuclear security framework

3092072 3.5.3.3d Programme Support Group: Human Resource Development and Capacity Building

92

B.II. Total Number of Contracts Awarded and Fund Obligated in 2013 per Country in Euro

New Renewal 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

Algeria 5 5 2 000 11 000 13 000 15 000 15 000 30 000 43 000

Argentina 7 26 6 000 11 500 4 000 14 000 35 500 7 000 78 400 25 000 30 000 9 000 149 400 3 000 3 000 187 900

Armenia 1 7 000 7 000 7 000

Australia 2 12 000 12 000 24 000 24 000

Austria 1 2 26 000 26 000 26 000

Bangladesh 6 8 4 000 4 000 4 000 30 000 34 000 5 000 10 000 83 000 87 000

Belarus 1 1 4 000 5 000 9 000 9 000

Belgium 1 8 000 8 000 8 000

Benin 1 7 500 7 500 7 500

Bolivia 1 6 000 6 000 6 000

Brazil 12 25 10 000 4 000 14 000 76 850 84 000 15 000 6 500 22 000 204 350 218 350

Bulgaria 2 8 4 000 9 000 13 000 25 500 8 000 4 000 37 500 50 500

Burkina Faso 2 3 21 000 22 500 43 500 43 500

Cameroon 2 1 5 000 5 000 16 000 93 16 093 21 093

Canada 8 5 000 5 000 15 000 36 000 6 500 57 500 22 620 22 620 85 120

Chile 2 7 4 000 8 500 12 500 13 000 16 500 6 500 36 000 48 500

China 15 47 23 500 1 500 8 000 31 000 64 000 7 000 210 350 24 000 21 000 19 000 281 350 5 000 5 000 350 350

Colombia 3 6 22 800 28 700 3 000 54 500 54 500

Costa Rica 2 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 10 000

Côte d'Ivoire 250 250 250

Croatia 3 6 4 000 13 000 17 000 13 000 5 000 18 000 35 000

Cuba 5 13 14 000 4 000 18 000 14 400 78 500 13 000 105 900 123 900

Czech Republic 4 11 23 000 23 000 40 000 13 000 5 000 10 000 68 000 91 000

Democratic Rep. of

the Congo 1 2 8 000 6 000 4 000 18 000 18 000

Denmark 1 10 000 10 000 10 000

Egypt 3 7 4 000 11 000 15 000 10 500 10 500 14 000 35 000 50 000

Estonia 1 2 4 500 4 500 3 000 6 000 9 000 13 500

Ethiopia 2 3 28 300 5 000 33 300 33 300

France 2 19 000 19 000 19 000

Georgia 3 9 500 4 000 13 500 13 500

Germany 1 26 000 26 000 10 000 10 000 36 000

MP3 Total

MP3

Total per

CountryCountry

Contracts MP1Total MP1

MP2Total MP2

93


New Renewal 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

MP3 Total

MP3

Total per

CountryCountry


MP2Total MP2

Ghana 1 6 7 850 4 500 10 000 6 500 4 000 32 850 32 850

Greece 1 4 5 000 5 000 18 000 18 000 4 000 4 000 27 000

Guatemala 3 6 000 20 000 26 000 26 000

Hungary 1 5 8 000 4 000 12 000 12 000 12 000 24 000

India 16 43 11 500 5 000 10 000 20 500 47 000 82 000 189 450 36 000 20 000 327 450 374 450

Indonesia 4 12 1 000 4 000 4 000 9 000 42 000 22 500 64 500 3 000 10 000 13 000 86 500

Iran, Islamic

Republic of 1 6 16 000 16 000 27 000 5 000 32 000 48 000

Israel 3 2 15 000 18 000 33 000 33 000

Italy 4 1 4 000 4 000 16 500 19 000 35 500 39 500

Jamaica 1 4 000 4 000 4 000

Japan 2 14 000 500 14 500 14 500

Jordan 1 1 4 000 5 000 9 000 9 000

Kazakhstan 2 2 10 000 10 000 5 000 5 000 3 000 3 000 18 000

Kenya 6 8 4 000 4 000 52 000 40 000 6 500 98 500 102 500

Korea, Republic of 4 23 000 8 500 31 500 31 500

Kuwait 1 6 500 6 500 6 500

Latvia 1 5 000 5 000 5 000

Lebanon 1 2 5 000 5 000 6 500 7 000 13 500 18 500

Lithuania 1 5 9 000 10 000 19 000 7 000 4 500 11 500 30 500

Madagascar 1 5 500 5 500 5 500

Malaysia 1 17 13 500 13 500 37 000 23 000 22 000 82 000 95 500

Mauritius 3 12 000 10 000 22 000 22 000

Mexico 5 14 5 000 5 000 38 800 63 100 22 000 123 900 128 900

Mongolia 1 5 5 000 5 000 32 400 2 000 34 400 39 400

Montenegro 1 4 000 4 000 4 000

Morocco 3 9 2 000 2 000 7 000 19 000 19 000 14 000 4 000 63 000 65 000

Mozambique 1 7 500 7 500 7 500

Myanmar 1 1 7 000 8 000 15 000 15 000

Namibia 1 1 10 000 6 500 16 500 16 500

New Zealand 1 10 000 10 000 10 000

Nigeria 1 5 000 5 000 5 000

94


New Renewal 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

MP3 Total

MP3

Total per

CountryCountry


MP2Total MP2

Pakistan 8 16 2 000 6 000 5 000 13 000 53 400 51 000 15 000 8 000 127 400 140 400

Peru 3 7 4 000 4 000 38 400 12 500 6 500 4 000 61 400 65 400

Philippines 5 5 14 400 19 000 15 000 6 500 5 000 59 900 59 900

Poland 3 10 14 000 14 000 6 000 8 000 14 500 25 000 53 500 67 500

Portugal 4 5 000 5 000 6 000 15 000 21 000 26 000

Romania 1 8 1 500 4 000 4 000 9 500 33 000 33 000 42 500

Russian Federation 9 12 5 000 49 000 54 000 7 000 16 000 4 500 4 000 10 000 4 000 45 500 285 000 285 000 384 500

Saudi Arabia 2 10 000 10 000 10 000

Senegal 1 4 113 400 15 000 128 400 128 400

Serbia 1 2 4 000 4 000 4 000 4 000 8 000 12 000

Singapore 1 4 5 000 5 000 7 000 4 000 5 000 16 000 21 000

Slovakia 1 5 6 000 6 000 20 000 5 000 8 000 33 000 39 000

Slovenia 4 7 6 000 4 000 13 000 23 000 6 000 25 500 4 000 35 500 58 500

South Africa 10 18 10 000 17 000 27 000 80 400 74 500 4 000 158 900 185 900

Spain 1 6 000 6 000 6 000

Sri Lanka 2 5 7 000 33 400 11 000 51 400 51 400

Sudan 2 4 000 4 000 8 000 8 000 12 000

Switzerland 1 1 7 000 7 000 10 000 10 000 17 000

Syrian Arab

Republic 7 10 000 4 000 14 000 11 000 12 000 23 000 37 000

Tajikistan 1 7 200 7 200 7 200

Thailand 5 15 10 000 4 000 14 000 18 000 46 500 10 000 5 000 18 000 97 500 111 500

The frmr.Yug.Rep.

of Macedonia 2 5 17 000 13 000 4 000 10 000 44 000 44 000

Trinidad and

Tobago 1 10 000 10 000 10 000

Tunisia 5 19 000 5 000 4 000 28 000 28 000

Turkey 1 8 5 000 5 000 31 500 8 000 5 000 14 000 58 500 63 500

Uganda 1 2 23 000 23 000 23 000

Ukraine 3 11 5 000 4 000 31 500 40 500 5 000 9 000 7 500 5 000 26 500 67 000

United Kingdom 4 4 32 500 37 300 69 800 257 000 257 000 326 800

95


New Renewal 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

MP3 Total

MP3

Total per

CountryCountry


MP2Total MP2

United Republic of

Tanzania 1 3 20 400 7 500 27 900 27 900

United States of

America 5 7 7 000 7 000 10 000 60 200 18 500 88 700 7 500 7 500 103 200

Uruguay 4 6 3 800 3 800 14 000 36 500 4 000 54 500 58 300

Viet Nam 6 9 4 000 4 000 8 000 29 000 14 000 30 000 8 000 81 000 89 000

Yemen 1 7 000 7 000 7 000

Zambia 3 14 400 10 000 24 400 24 400

Zimbabwe 3 15 400 10 000 25 400 25 400

Total 221 566 71 500 60 000 135 800 449 500 716 800 71 500 1 869 200 1 415 843 316 000 90 500 377 000 4 140 043 9 000 30 120 5 000 556 000 600 120 5 456 963

96

Research Coordination Meetings (RCMs) in 2013 by Sub-programme


CRP I3.50.04Cont: 6 Agree: 5

Examining the Techno-Economics of Nuclear Hydrogen Production and Benchmark Analysis of the IAEA HEEP Software

File Code: I35004-CR-2 Start: 2013-12-17 End: 2013-12-19 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Khamis Ibrahim



Prediction of Axial and Radial Creep in Pressure Tubes


Project Officer: Krause Matthias


Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Codes for Nuclear Power Plant Design


Project Officer: Harper Mark Joseph


HTGR Reactor Physics, Thermal-Hydraulics and Depletion Uncertainty Analysis


Project Officer: Reitsma Frederik


Improved Understanding of the Irradiation Creep Behaviour of Nuclear Graphite


Project Officer: Reitsma Frederik


Benchmark Analysis of an EBR-II Shutdown Heat Removal Test


Project Officer: Monti Stefano


Sodium Properties and Safe Operation of Experimental Facilities in Support of the Development and Deployment of Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (NAPRO)


Project Officer: Monti Stefano



Continued Operations Beyond 60 Years in Nuclear Power Plants

File Code: I21021-CR-2 Start: 2013-07-08 End: 2013-07-10 Location: Knoxville Country: United States ofAmerica

Project Officer: Kang Ki Sig

1.1.1 Integrated Support for Operating Nuclear Facilities

1.1 Nuclear Power (8)

97



CRP F4.40.03Cont: 0 Agree: 16

Primary Radiation Damage Cross Sections

File Code: F44003-CR-1 Start: 2013-11-04 End: 2013-11-08 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Simakov Stanislav


Plasma-Wall Interaction with Irradiated Tungsten and Tungsten Alloys in Fusion Devices


Project Officer: Braams Bastiaan Johan

1.4.1 Atomic and Nuclear Data

1.4 Nuclear Science (17)

CRP L5.30.02Cont: 5 Agree: 2

Increasing NPP Performance through Process-oriented Knowledge Management Approach

File Code: L53002-CR-2 Start: 2013-06-17 End: 2013-06-21 Location: Shanghai Country: China

Project Officer: Pasztory Zoltan

1.3.3 Nuclear Knowledge Management (NKM)


Techno-economic Evaluation of Options for Adapting Nuclear and other Energy Infrastructure to Long-term Climate Change and Extreme Weather


Project Officer: Stankeviciute Loreta


Assessing Interdependencies between Energy, Water, Land-use and Climate Change


Project Officer: Alfstad Thomas


Financing Nuclear Investments


Project Officer: Warren Paul

1.3.2 Energy Economy Environment (3E) Analysis

1.3 Capacity Building and Nuclear Knowledge Maintenance for Sustainable Energy Development (4)

CRP T1.30.14Cont: 6 Agree: 9

Demonstrating Performance of Spent Fuel and Related Storage System Components during Very Long Term Storage

File Code: T13014-CR-1 Start: 2013-04-15 End: 2013-04-19 Location: Cordoba Country: Argentina

Project Officer: Bevilacqua Arturo


Spent Fuel Performance Assessment and Research (SPAR III)

File Code: T13013-CR-3 Start: 2013-11-04 End: 2013-11-08 Location: KAERI Country: Korea - Republicof

Project Officer: Standring Paul


1.2 Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Technologies (2)

98




Applications of Synchrotron Radiation for Environmental Sciences and Materials Research for Development of Environmentally Friendly Resources

File Code: F11015-CR-2 Start: 2013-10-07 End: 2013-10-10 Location: Saskatoon Country: Canada

Project Officer: Gonzalez de Vicente Sehila Maria


File Code: F12023-CR-3 Start: 2013-05-13 End: 2013-05-17 Location: Dubna Country: RussianFederation

Project Officer: Ridikas Danas


Development, Characterization and Testing of Materials of Relevance to Nuclear Energy Sector Using Neutron Beams


Establishment of Material Properties Database for Irradiated Core Structural Components for Continued Safe Operation and Lifetime Extension of Ageing Research Reactors

File Code: T34002-CR-1 Start: 2013-11-18 End: 2013-11-22 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Morris Charles


Development of an Integrated Approach to Routine Automation of Neutron Activation Analysis


Project Officer: Ridikas Danas



Light Element Atom, Molecule and Radical Behaviour in the Divertor and Edge Plasma Regions




Testing and Improving the IAEA International Reactor Dosimetry and Fusion File (IRDFF)

File Code: F4-RC-44777 Start: 2013-07-01 End: 2013-07-05 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Simakov Stanislav


Atomic and Molecular Data for State-resolved Modelling of Hydrogen and Helium and their Isotopes in Fusion Plasma




Reference Database for Beta-Delayed Neutron Emission Evaluation


Project Officer: Dimitriou Paraskevi


Prompt Fission Neutron Spectra of Actinides


Project Officer: Capote Noy Roberto Mario

99



CRP D1.50.15Cont: 6 Agree: 4

Response to Nuclear Emergencies Affecting Food and Agriculture

File Code: D15015-CR-1 Start: 2013-12-16 End: 2013-12-20 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Dercon Gerd

2.1.1 Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production Systems

2.1 Food and Agriculture (17)


Accessible Technologies for the Verification of Origin of Dairy Products as an Example Control System to Enhance Global Trade and Food Safety


Project Officer: Frew Russell David

2.0.0

2.0 (1)


Utilization of the Network of Small Magnetic Confinement Fusion Devices for Mainstream Fusion Research


Project Officer: Kamendje Richard Leopold


Investigations on Materials under High Repetition and Intense Fusion Pulses

File Code: F13013-CR-2 Start: 2013-06-10 End: 2013-06-13 Location:Singapore/Malaysia Country:

Project Officer: Kamendje Richard Leopold


CRP G4.20.04Cont: 6 Agree: 5

Improvement of Portable Instruments and Analytical Techniques for in Situ Applications

File Code: G42004-CR-2 Start: 2013-04-08 End: 2013-04-12 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Padilla Alvarez Roman


Utilization of Ion Accelerators for Studying and Modelling of Radiation Induced Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators


Project Officer: Simon Aliz


Micro-analytical Techniques Based on Nuclear Spectrometry for Environmental Monitoring and Material Studies

File Code: G42003-CR-3 Start: 2013-05-27 End: 2013-05-31 Location: Catania Country: Italy

Project Officer: Karydas Andreas Germanos


Utilisation of Accelerator-Based Real-time Methods in the Investigation of Materials with High Technological Importance

File Code: F12024-CR-2 Start: 2013-09-24 End: 2013-09-27 Location: Patras Country: Greece

Project Officer: Simon Aliz

100




Development of Molecular and Nuclear Technologies for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD)

File Code: D32028-CR-2 Start: 2013-04-08 End: 2013-04-12 Location: Rome Country: Italy

Project Officer: Viljoen Gerrit Johannes


The Use of Enzymes and Nuclear Technologies to Improve the Utilization of Fibrous Feeds and Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emission from Livestock


Project Officer: Shamsuddin Mohammed



Isolation and Characterization of Genes Involved in Mutagenesis of Crop Plants

File Code: D24013-CR-3 Start: 2013-04-16 End: 2013-04-19 Location: Jeju Island Country: Korea - Republicof

Project Officer: Lagoda Pierre Jean Laurent


Approaches to Improvement of Crop Genotypes with High Water and Nutrient use Efficiency for Water Scarce Environments

File Code: D15013-CR-2 Start: 2013-06-24 End: 2013-06-28 Location: Kuala Lumpur Country: Malaysia

Project Officer: Sakadevan Karuppan


Landscape Salinity and Water Management for Improving Agricultural Productivity


Project Officer: Heng Lee Kheng


Optimizing Soil, Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Integrated Cropping-Livestock Production Systems




Strategic Placement and Area-Wide Evaluation of Water Conservation Zones in Agricultural Catchments for Biomass Production, Water Quality and Food Security




Soil Quality and Nutrient Management for Sustainable Food Production in Mulch-based Cropping Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa

File Code: D15012-CR-2 Start: 2013-10-14 End: 2013-10-18 Location: Antananarivo Country: Madagascar

Project Officer: Zaman Mohammad


Integrated Isotopic Approaches for an Area-wide Precision Conservation to Control the Impacts of Agricultural Practices on Land Degradation and Soil Erosion


Project Officer: Nguyen Minh-Long

101



CRP E4.30.26Cont: 8 Agree: 1

Doctoral CRP on Stable Isotope Techniques to Assess Intake of Human Milk and Body Composition of Infants and Young Children up to Two Years of Age.

File Code: E43026-CR-2 Start: 2013-10-22 End: 2013-10-24 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Slater Christine


Doctoral CRP on Longitudinal Measures of Body Composition of Healthy Infants and Young Children up to 2 Years of Age Using Stable Isotope Techniques



2.2.1 Nutrition for Improved Health

2.2 Human Health (18)


Biology of Male Mosquitoes in Relation to Genetic Control Programmes

File Code: G34002-CR-4 Start: 2013-03-04 End: 2013-03-08 Location: Bahia Country: Brazil

Project Officer: Gilles Jeremie Roger Lionel


Applying GIS and Population Genetics for Managing Livestock Insect Pests

File Code: D42013-CR-4 Start: 2013-04-15 End: 2013-04-19 Location: London Country: United Kingdom

Project Officer: Argiles Herrero Rafael


Enhancing Vector Refractoriness to Trypanosome Infection


Project Officer: Abd Alla Adly Mohamed Mohamed


Resolution of Cryptic Species Complexes of Tephritid Pests to Overcome Constraints to SIT Application and International Trade

File Code: D41023-CR-3 Start: 2013-08-26 End: 2013-08-31 Location: Tucuman Country: Argentina

Project Officer: Hendrichs Jorge


Exploring Genetic, Molecular, Mechanical and Behavioural Methods of Sex Separation in Mosquitoes


Project Officer: Gilles Jeremie Roger Lionel



Development of Irradiated Foods for Immuno-compromised Patients and Other Potential Target Groups

File Code: D62009-CR-3 Start: 2013-09-09 End: 2013-09-13 Location: Jeongeup Country: Korea - Republicof

Project Officer: Blackburn Carl Michael

2.1.3 Improvement of Food Safety and Food Control Systems


Genetic Variation on the Control of Resistance to Infectious Diseases in Small Ruminants for Improving Animal Productivity

File Code: D31026-CR-2 Start: 2013-02-11 End: 2013-02-15 Location: Bogor Country: Indonesia

Project Officer: Shamsuddin Mohammed

102




Clinical use of Myocardial SPECT Imaging and CT Angiography in Coronary Artery Disease


Project Officer: Kashyap Ravi


Standardizing Interpretation Criteria for Early Response Evaluation with 18f-FDG PET/CT in Paediatric Lymphoma


Project Officer: Pascual Thomas Neil

Project Officer: Paez Gutierrez Diana Isabel


Nuclear Cardiology in Congestive Heart Failure

Value of intraventricular synchronism assessment by gated-SPECT myocardial perfusionimaging in the management of heart failure patients submitted to cardiac resynchronizationtherapy (IAEA-VISION CRT)



Enhancing Capacity for Early Detection and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Through Imaging

File Code: E13039-CR-2 Start: 2013-11-25 End: 2013-11-29 Location: Ljubljana Country: Slovenia

Project Officer: Kashyap Ravi


The Use of Sentinel Lymph Node in Breast, Melanoma, Head & Neck and Pelvic Cancers


Project Officer: Pascual Thomas Neil


Integrated Imaging (SPECT/CT; PET/CT; MRI) in Infection/Inflammation Spine Pathology


Project Officer: Nunez Miller Rodolfo



Stable Isotope Techniques in the Development and Monitoring of Nutritional Interventions for Infants and Children with Malaria, TB and other Infectious Diseases


Project Officer: Hunt Janet Ross


Stable Isotope Techniques to Design Effective Food Fortification Strategies in Settings with High H. Pylori Infection


Project Officer: Loechl Cornelia


Stable Isotope Technique to Assess Human Milk Intake in Infants Living in Contaminated Areas



103




Stable Isotopes in Precipitation and Paleoclimatic Archives in Tropical Areas to Improve Regional Hydrological and Climatic Impact Models


Project Officer: Belachew Dagnachew Legesse

2.3.1 Isotope Data Networks for Hydrology and Climate Studies

2.3 Water Resources (2)


Development of Quantitative Nuclear Medicine Imaging for Patient Specific Dosimetry


Project Officer: Poli Gian Luca


To Investigate the Relationship Between end to end Accuracy and Quality Assurance Extent and Depth in Radiotherapy


Project Officer: Healy Brendan James


Doctoral CRP in "Advances in Medical Imaging Techniques"


Project Officer: Delis Charalampos


Development of Quality Audits for Advanced Technology (IMRT) in Radiotherapy Dose Delivery


Project Officer: Izewska Joanna

2.2.4 Quality Assurance and Metrology in Radiation Medicine


Short Course Versus Standard Course Radiotherapy, in Elderly and/or Fragile Patients with Glioblastoma Multiform (GBM)


Project Officer: Fidarova Elena


Resource Sparing Curative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck


Project Officer: Belyakov Oleg


Resource-Sparing Curative Treatment for Rectal Cancer


Project Officer: Rosenblatt Eduardo


104



Project Officer: Safrany Agnes


Application of Radiation Technology in the Development of Advanced Packaging Materials for Food Products


Project Officer: Zeman Andrej


Application of Two and Three Dimensional Neutron Imaging with Focus on Cultural Heritage Research

File Code: F11018-CR-2 Start: 2013-09-03 End: 2013-09-06 Location: Munich/Garching Country: Germany


Project Officer: Haji Saeid Seyed Mohammad



Production and Utilisation of Emerging Positron Emitters for Medical Applications with an Emphasis on Cu-64 and I-124

Project Officer: Osso Junior Joao Alberto


Accelerator-based Alternatives to Non-HEU production of Mo-99/Tc-99m

File Code: F22062-CR-2 Start: 2013-10-07 End: 2013-10-11 Location: Legnaro Country: Italy


2.5 Radioisotope Production and Radiation Technology (4)

Project Officer: Fesenko Sergey

CRP K4.10.13Cont: 7 Agree: 7

Environmental Behaviour and Potential Biological Impact of Radioactive Particles

File Code: K41013-CR-1 Start: 2013-11-19 End: 2013-11-22 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

2.4.4 Terrestrial, Aquatic and Atmospheric Ecological Processes

Project Officer: Osvath Iolanda

CRP K4.10.11Cont: 3 Agree: 8

Benchmarking Calibration for Low-Level Gamma Spectrometric Measurements of Environmental Samples

File Code: K41011-CR-3 Start: 2013-07-01 End: 2013-07-05 Location: Karlsruhe Country: Germany

2.4.1 IAEA Reference Products for Science and Trade

2.4 Environment (2)

Project Officer: Choudhry Manzoor Ahmad


Use of Environmental Isotopes in Assessing Water Resources in Snow, Glacier, and Permafrost Dominated Areas under Changing Climatic Conditions



105



Project Officer: Samanta Susanta Kumar


Processing Technologies for High Level Waste, Formulation of Matrices and Characterisation of Waste Forms

File Code: T21027-CR-1 Start: 2013-05-27 End: 2013-05-30 Location: St. Petersburg Country: RussianFederation

Project Officer: Ojovan Michael


Treatment of Irradiated Graphite to Meet Acceptance Criteria for Waste Disposal

File Code: T21026-CR-3 Start: 2013-12-09 End: 2013-12-12 Location: Vienna Country: Austria

3.4.2 Good Practices and Technologies for Radioactive Waste Management, Decommissioning and Environmental Remediation

3.4 Management of Radioactive Waste (2)

106

RESEARCH COORDINATION MEETINGS HELD IN 2013 BY COUNTRY

COUNTRY NUMBER OF MEETINGS

Argentina 2

Austria (IAEA Headquarters) 54

Canada 1

China 1

Germany 2

Greece 1

Indonesia 1

Italy 3

Korea – Republic of 3

Madagascar 1

Malaysia 1

Russian Federation 2

Singapore/Malaysia 1

Slovenia 1

United Kingdom 1

United States of America 1

Total 77

107

IAEA 2013 PROGRAMME/SUBPROGRAMME AND CORRESPONDING CRP CODES

MAJOR PROGRAMME 1. NUCLEAR POWER, FUEL CYCLE AND NUCLEAR SCIENCE

CRP Code1

1.1 Nuclear Power

1.1.1 Integrated Support for Operating Nuclear Facilities I2

1.1.5 Technology Development for Advanced Reactor Lines I3

1.1.6 Support for Non-electric Applications of Nuclear Power I3


1.2.2 Nuclear Power Reactor Fuel Engineering T1

1.2.3 Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors T1

1.2.4 Topical Issues of Nuclear Fuels and Fuel Cycles for Advanced and Innovative Reactors

T1


1.3.2 Energy Economy Environment (3E) Analysis I1

1.4 Nuclear Science

1.4.1 Atomic and Nuclear Data F4

1.4.2 Research Reactors F1, T1, T3


F1, G4, T1

1.4.4 Nuclear Fusion Research F1, F4

MAJOR PROGRAMME 2. NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION


2.0.0 Overall Management, Coordination, and Common Activities D5

2.1.1 Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production Systems D1, D2,

2.1.2 Sustainable Intensification of Livestock Production Systems D3

2.1.3 Improving Food Safety and Consumer Protection D5, D6

2.1.4 Sustainable Control of Major Insect Pests D4, G3

2.2 Human Health

2.2.1 Nutrition for Improved Health E4

2.2.2 Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging E1

2.2.3 Radiation Oncology and Cancer Treatment E3

2.2.4 Quality Assurance and Metrology in Radiation Medicine E2

___________________________________________________________________________

1 Refers to the Section code under which the CRP is being conducted

108

IAEA 2013 PROGRAMME/SUBPROGRAMME AND CORRESPONDING CRP CODES

2.3 Water Resources CRP Code1

2.3.1 Isotope Data Networks for Hydrology and Climate Studies F3

2.3.2 Isotope Based Assessments of Water Resources F3

2.3.3 Radio-isotope Applications for Hydrology F3

2.4 Environment

2.4.1 IAEA Reference Products for Science and Trade K4

2.4.2 Nuclear Techniques to Understand Climate and Environmental Change

K4

2.4.4 Applying Analytical Techniques for the Marine and Terrestrial Environment

K4



F2

2.5.2 Radiation Technology Applications for Health Care and Cleaner Industrial Processes and Practices

F1, F2

MAJOR PROGRAMME 3. NUCLEAR SAFETY AND SECURITY


3.4.2 Technology for RWM, Decommissioning & Environmental Remediation

T2


3.5.2 Contributing to the Establishment of a Global Nuclear Security Framework

J0

___________________________________________________________________________

1 Refers to the Section where the CRP is conducted

109

International Atomic Energy AgencyVienna International Centre, PO Box 100

1400 Vienna, Austria

13-4

5981

CRP Evaluation Report

Documents

Transcript of CRP Evaluation Report