Crop and Rangeland Monitoring in West Africa, the AGRHYMET experience

bySeydou B. TRAORE, agrometeorologist

AGRHYMET Regional Centre, Niamey, Niger

13rd CRAM workshop, Nairobi, 26-30 September 2011

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Outline• Brief presentation of CILSS/AGRHYMET• Monitoring and Early Warning• Challenges• Future prospects• Partnerships

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Brief presentation of CILSS/AGRHYMETCILSS: The Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel

• Created in 1973 by the Heads of States of 9 Sahelian countries

• Mandate: • Food security (drought risk management, poverty reduction)• Natural resources management , desertification control ,

water resources management, climate change adaptation

• Main statutory institutional instances• Summit of the Heads of States /Governments every 2 year• Council of ministers, twice a year• Regional Programming and Monitoring Board, twice a year

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Brief presentation of CILSS/AGRHYMETCILSS: 9 member countries Cape Verde, Mauritania, Senegal,The Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Mali,Burkina Faso, Niger and Chad.

• Headquarters in Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoPolicy development and support

• 2 specialized institutions• INSAH : in Bamako, Mali

Coordinate agricultural research

• AGRHYMET: in Niamey, Niger Information and Training

• Since December 2006, MoU with ECOWAS to extend activities to all West African Countries (food crisis and other natural disaster prevention and management, natural resources management, desertification control and population and development research

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AGRHYMET Data and Information Flow

Agriculture

Hydrology

Animal Husbandry

Meteorology

Crop protectionAGRHYMET

DATA COLLECTIONAND STORAGE

Agriculture

Hydrology

Animal husbandry

Meteorology

Crop protectionCountries

ANALYSISDIFFUSIONTRAINING

Satellite Data

Ground Observations and Surveys Data

MaliNiger Tchad

Burkina

Benin

Togo NigeriaCote-d'Ivoire

Mauritanie

Guinee

Senegal

Cap-Vert

G.-BissauGambie

Ghana

Pays concernés par le ProgrammeLimites de pays

0 500 1000 Kilometers

Partners

Financial and Technical assistance

Data and Information

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Monitoring and Early Warning• Early Warning and Food Crisis Prevention

– Seasonal rainfall forecast (PRESAO),

– Monitoring the progress of sowing performance (Field data and Agrometeorological models),

– Monitoring the locust situation (Rainfall maps + Vegetation Indices),

– Yield forecasting (Agrometeorological models),

– Identifying risk zones (Synthesis of all the products),

– Joint pre-harvest assessment missions in the field,

– Annual consultative meeting in Early November,

– Targeting vulnerable populations.

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Rainfall analysis : Ground measurements

OUA GABISSA U

BA MAK O

NOUAK CHOTT

NIAM E Y

DA KA R

NDJAM ENA

BA NJUL

-5000% 45% 85% 115% 165% 5000%

très dé ficitaire dé ficita ire équ ivalent excédentaire très excéden taire

F igure 1 .5 : Com para ison en pourcents des cum u ls p luviom étriques sa isonn ie rs du 1er m a i au 30 sep tem bre 2006 à celles de l'année 2005 au Sahel

et plus

O UA GABISSA U

BAM AK O

NOUAK CHOTT

NIAM EY

DA KA R

NDJAM ENA

B ANJUL

-5000% 45% 85% 115% 165% 5000%

très dé ficitaire dé ficita ire équ ivalent excéden ta ire très excéden taire

F igure 1 .6 : Com para ison en pourcents des cum u ls p luv iom étriques sa isonn ie rs du 1er m a i au 30 sep tem bre 2006 à celles de la Norm a le 1971- 2000 au Sahel

et plus

O UA GABIS SA U

BAM AK O

NOUAKCHOTT

NIAM EY

DA KA R

NDJAM ENA

BANJUL

50 m m 100 m m 250 m m 500 m m 700 m m 900 m m 1100 m m 1350 m m

postes p luv iom é triques u til isés .

F igu re 1 .4 : Cum uls p luviom étriques saisonniers du 1er m a i au 30 sep tem bre 2006 au Sahe l

Monitoring and Early Warning

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Rainfall analysis: Satellite Estimation

Monitoring and Early Warning

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Sowing dates

Yield forecasts

Crop Water Requirement Satisfaction Index

Monitoring and Early WarningCrop monitoring and yield forecasting (DHC model)

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Vegetation indicesMonitoring and Early Warning

31st July 2009

31st August 2009

Vegetation indices (NGI)Monitoring and Early Warning

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Vegetation indicesMonitoring and Early Warning

Moa

Magaria

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Vegetation indices / VGI profiles 2011Monitoring and Early Warning

0 3 6 9 12 15 180

102030405060708090

100

Min MaxMoy année 2011

0 3 6 9 12 15 180

102030405060708090

100

Min MaxMoy année 2011

Tillabéri / Niger

Dakoro / Niger

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Très favorable Globalement normale Déficitaire Très déficitaireTrès favorable Globalement normale Déficitaire Très déficitaire

2009

2010

Synthesis mapsMonitoring and Early Warning

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• Monthly and special bulletins• AGRHYMET Newsletter• Annual Report for the general public• Radio and TV programs in member countries• Internet (e-mail & Web portal:

www.agrhymet.ne)• Etc.

Dissemination and Target audiences

Monthly Bulletins

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Dissemination and Target audiences

Environmental Watch Bulletins

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Dissemination and Target audiences

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Challenges / Future Prospects

• Some challenges with Guinea coast countries (more humid climate)• Need to upgrade monitoring tools and methods to those zones• Cloud contamination of most vegetation monitoring products• Establishment of national networks of users (AMESD)

• Capacity building at both regional and national levels (human resources, equipment)

• Derivation of other climate data from RS (surface temperatures, solar radiation, PET, soil moisture, etc…) and use as inputs to crop models

• AMESD / MESA, GMFS, etc…

Some Partnerships• Technical

– National technical services• Meteorology, hydrology, agric. statistics, crop protection,

agric. research, environmental agencies, universities etc….– Regional

• River Basin Authorities, ACMAD, 2IE, CORAF/WECARD, ICRAF,

– International• WMO, FAO, WFP, FEWSNET, USGS, IRI, CIRAD, FCS, Env.

CANADA, IRD, JRC, VITO, EARS, ICRISAT, UNESCO, WASCAL, Universities (Africa, America, Europe)

• Financial– EU, USAID, AfDB, BADEA, ECOWAS, France, Canada

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2020

Thank you

for your attention

MOAField Validation sNDVI

MAGARIA

Field Validation sNDVI