CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

58
The Year in Review What the hec k is Calculus?

description

Final Review

Transcript of CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Page 1: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

The Year in Review

Whattheheck isCalculus?

Page 2: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

One of the supreme creations of human thought

Page 3: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

One of the biggest controversies in history

Page 4: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

The Culmination of K-12 mathematics

Calculus

TrigonometryElementary Functions

GeometryAlgebra

Arithmetic

Page 5: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Course Goals

To introduce you to the four major concepts of calculus:

1. Limits

2. Derivatives

3. Definite Integral

4. Indefinite Integral

Page 6: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

For each concept you will …

• know the precise definition;• have an intuitive understanding of what the concept

means;• be able to “do” the concept; • be able to apply it in the real world or mathematical

world.

Page 7: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

You will develop this knowledge by using four multiple

representations:

1. Numerical (Table)

2. Visual (Graph)

3. Algebraic (Function)

4. Verbally (and written).

Page 8: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Do you Sir

Know the Foundation

For All of Calculus?

Page 9: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

The foundation of Calculus

is the concept of a limit.

1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6,... 10/11,... 99/100,... 99999/100000,...

Page 10: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Limits by

Delta - Epsilon definition

Page 11: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Limits by graph

Page 12: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Limits by numerical table

Page 13: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Limits by algebra

Page 14: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Limits

involving

Page 15: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Intermediate Value Theorem

Page 16: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 17: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Differential CalculusThe mathematics of change

Physical Meaning

Instantaneous rate of change

Page 18: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Slope of the tangent line at a point.

Graphical Meaning

Page 19: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Do you Sir

Know the definition of

The Derivative ?

Page 20: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Derivative

0

( ) ( )'( ) lim

x

f x x f xf x

x

Page 21: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 22: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

If y = Displacement

Then y’ = Velocity

And y’’ = Acceleration

Page 23: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

How’s My Deriving?

Page 24: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Power Rule for derivatives

1If ( ) , then '( )n nf x x f x nx Function Notation:

Operator Notation: 1( )n ndx nx

dx

Page 25: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 26: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 27: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

dV

dt dV

drdr

dt

Related Rates

Page 28: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

y = C + AsinB(x – D)

y ‘ = ABcosB(x – D)

Page 29: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 30: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

The Squeeze Theorem

Page 31: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

If y = ex, then y’ = ex

If y = bx, then y’ = bx · ln b

Page 32: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

If y = ln x, then1

'yx

Page 33: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

I PITY DA FOO’ WHO CAN’T FIND DA DERIVATIVE !!!

Page 34: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Integral Calculus

Areas and Volumes

Page 35: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Counting Squares

Page 36: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Archimedes

Method of Exhaustion

Page 37: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Trapezoidal Rule

Page 38: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Do you sir,Know the difference between

An indefinite integralAnd

A definite integral?

Page 39: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Antiderivatives of y’ = x2

Bring the Whole Indefinite Integral Family!3

3

xy C

Indefinite IntegralA Family of Curves With a given Derivative

Page 40: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Definite Integralis

a Number

Page 41: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 42: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Solving Differential Equations andSlope Fields

Page 43: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 44: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Definite Integral;

1

lim ( ) ( )n b

i ani

f c x f x dx

Sweetheart,Check out

this definition !

Page 45: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Rolle’s Theorem

The Mean Value Theorem

Is just Rolle’s Theorem

RotatedRotated

Page 46: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 47: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 48: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

What werethose

PropertiesOf Integrals?

Page 49: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Definite Integrals

Allow us to find

The area between curves

Page 50: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Naked Math

Real World

Page 51: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

b

aDistance = Velocity time

Page 52: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

b

aWork= Force displacement

Page 53: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 54: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

Volumes of RevolutionThe Disk Method

Page 55: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010
Page 56: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

An Illuminating Volume

Page 57: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010

This stuff isn’t so hard!

In fact …

Page 58: CRMS Calculus May 31, 2010