Critical Success Factors Influencing SOA implementations in Healthcare

Literature

Review

Case

Study

Analysis

Presented by:

Konstantinos Koumaditis

University of Piraeus – Greece

Contents

Literature Review

SOA CSF / Healthcare

Case Study

Findings

SOA Critical Success Factors in Healthcare

SOA – Service Oriented Architecture

Lessons Learned

Service Oriented Architecture

SOA is an architectural paradigm that supports reusability and emphasizes on breaking business processes into smaller blocks of functionality (e.g. services).

These small blocks are well defined, self-contained modules that provide standard business functionality and are linked together to build an integrated business process.


Despite SOA benefits a recent survey* indicates that, 41% of SOA users in the Global 2000 firms believe that:

(a) SOA has delivered less benefit than expected,

(b) 17% claim they face problems and

(c) will not expand SOA use.

…..applicability, efficiency and performance are affected by various factors.

*HEFFNER, R. 2009 In: Forrester Research Inc

Literature Review

representative

studies

backward

references

search

wide database

research

MethodologySOA

CSFs

5 categories

18 factors

SOA Critical Success Factors

The factors identified in the studies, formed 5 dimensions:

Operational,

Managerial,

Strategic,

IT Infrastructure and

Organizational


Maturity

Identification

Operational

Roadmap

Complexity


Maturity

Identification

Operational

Roadmap

Complexity

Detailed description &

mapping of the current

state of SOA.

Goal oriented map with

instructions that explain the

goals & the path to reach them.

Increasingly interacting processes

amplify difficulty of operational

handling of the system.


Team Governance

Funding

Measurement

Roles Managerial

Risk


SOA calls for responsibilities-to-roles.

Team Governance

Funding

Measurement

Roles Managerial

Risk

A team with understanding and experience in

change management and clear vision of SOA.

An overall plan to provide compliance with

regulations (internal/external) and check

services concerning capability, security and

strategic business alignment.

The use & control of resources as part of the

new business plan.

Assessing performance of service processes.

Data confidentiality and security.


Long-term

Planning

Strategic

Clear Goals

Project

Identification


Long term business plan to

include reusable services

that fit future business.

Clear goal setting based on

business value.

Identify early SOA adopters, low

complexity pilots based on

existing needs for change.

Long-term

Planning

Strategic

Clear Goals

Project

Identification


Resources

IT

Infrastructure

Standards

Testing


Prediction of exact amount

and use of IT resources.

Generating standard definitions

of SOA technology.

Tools and methods to test new

integration approaches and

services.

Resources

IT

Infrastructure

Standards

Testing


Alignment

Organizational

Culture

Experience

& Training


Top management, stakeholders,

actors, strategies, processes, and

technology alignment towards

successful SOA implementation.

Cultivate SOA friendly environment

to: (a) reduce resistance to change, (b)

assist individual business units to take

ownership of data, processes IT

systems and (c) get commitment at

the board level.

Availability of skills and training.

Alignment

Organizational

Culture

Experience

& Training

Top 3CSFNon-specific sector

1 2 3

64%1. Governance

2. Culture

3. Alignment

64%

45%

Literature Review

SOA

Critical Success

Factors

22 articles

70 cases from SOA

in healthcare

Methodology

SOA

CSFs

healthcare

1

new factor


Alignment

Organizational

Culture

Experience

& TrainingEnforce

decisions


The need to establish tools and

methods for the detailed execution of

SOA related decisions and/or the

ownership of specific services.

Alignment

Organizational

Culture

Experience

& TrainingEnforce

decisions

Top 3CSFHealthcare

1 2 3

50%

1. Governance

2. Culture

3. Roadmap

27% 27%

Top 3 SOA CSF

Governance

Culture

64%

45%

50%

27%

14%

Non-specific sector vs. healthcare

1

2

3Alignment

Roadmap

64%

27%

18%

Case Study

Public Insurance Organization (Publinor) with more than 1,5 million members. monitors and interacts with:

12.744 doctors,

2.685 diagnostic centers and labs,

710 physiotherapists,

1.100 opticians and

9.735 pharmacies

…..making it a large multidimensional organization.

Case Study

www.themegallery.com

When a new administration was appointed to run Publinor

Publinor

Vision Need

People

Reduce

expenditure

Utilize

experience

Informatics and

Communication

Technology

(ICT)

Case Study

Publinor implemented a SOA based electronic prescribing system with an integrated sub-system, that records diagnostically and medical referrals, named DIAGNOSIS

allocated budget (external sponsor),

time schedule (10 months),

high level of end-user usage (84% of the doctors) and

SOA design

Case study

Semi-structured

interviews with 4

professionals during

a period of 4 months

Documents and

records portraying

the issues at handMethodology

Publinor

CSFs

1 new

CSF

Methodological

triangulation


Maturity

Identification

Operational

Roadmap

Complexity

SWOT analysis - placed itself in an initial SOA

maturity stage identified the steps required to

improve its maturity level:

• utilize expertise,

• use related technology and

• integrate, educate and influence others

These steps were achieved through a gradual

transition and formed a roadmap towards SOA

implementation.

Complexity was not realized as CSFs in this case.

Service Oriented ArchitecturePublinor -A Project Team A (3 members) &

IT team (3-5 members) appointed

Developer (external) a project Team B

(2 project managers) & IT team (3 members).

Roles Governance

Funding

Measurement

Team Managerial

Risk

Publinor gave roles only to Team A (e.g

project manager, integration advisor,

management representative

Managers produced weekly reports and

communicated the results, as to create a

favorable climate for the project. The

measurement focused on the use and

functionality of the services and mapped with

the cost reduction it produced


Team Governance

Funding

Measurement

Roles Managerial

Risk

“…we started designing a plan mainly for enterprise

and IT management and ended up with a law

proposal…”.

Confirmed their approach with the Country

Data Protection Authority (CDPA)

considering all risks and safety measures

Empirical evidence indicated that funding

was not realized as a CSF in this case


Publinor estimated the exact use of

technological resources needed, but they were

also flexible to allow the use of any applicable

resource from external stakeholders (other

public bodies, contractor)

Standardization and coding of medical data.

These proved time consuming.

The testing was based on the functionality and

usage of services at the pilot phase.

Resources

IT

Infrastructure

Standards

Testing


Top management was the driving force behind

the initiative and only when the first results

(demo and cost reduction reports) appeared

the rest of the stakeholders started to align

with the aim of the project.

Publinor’s IT department was considered an

asset from the start. Their sophistication came

from:

(a) training,

(b) educated personnel and

(c) related projects.

Alignment

Organizational

Culture

Experience

& Training


Publinor’s top management cultivated a SOA

friendly culture, based on the relevant

experience in IT (IT culture). But many

decisions were deliberately imposed from the

top management level to rest of the

organization stakeholders (especially managers)

and the outcome was presented as a functional

solution that everyone had to adopt and use.Alignment

Organizational

Culture

Experience

& Training


Long-term plan as DIAGNOSIS was:

• a revolutionary system and

• the healthcare environment was in a reform

Publinor concentrated in a project that could

produce cost reduction and be based on IT

sophistication.

The goals were placed on:

• getting the system to work and

• built a reputation around it

Long-term

Planning

Strategic

Clear Goals

Project

Identification

Findings

Funding

TeamGovernance

Measurement

Roles

Managerial

RiskCommunications


Communication was seen as a tool to:

• promote the project,

• get commitment,

•motivate the users

•get feedback and

•as part of everyday business

TeamGovernance

Measurement

Roles

Managerial

RiskCommunications

Lessons Learned

Each CSF has

an important role

1 2 3 4

The CSF called

Communication was

revealed as a new

CSF and its role

explained

Different hierarchy

observed in the

healthcare CSFs

versus non-specific

sectors research

List of 20 CSFs in 5

dimension

Literature

Review

Case

Study

Analysis

SOA Benefits

Operational

Managerial

Strategic

•Compliance with new laws /regulations

•Reduce operational cost

•Quality of services

•Reduce dependencies

•Satisfy customer/partner demands

•Reduce time to market

•Align IT with business

•Enable improve business agility

•Improve work efficiency

•Increase scalability and availability

•Risk reduction

•Reusability

SOA Benefits

Organizational

IT Infrastructure

•Improve accessibility/ interoperability

•Increase business efficiency

•Integrate legacy systems

•Reusability of services

•Use of new technologies

•Improve medical data

•Supports monitoring system

Critical Success Factors Influencing SOA implementations in Healthcare

Technology

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