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CRISPR TECHNOLOGYGuided by:
Mr.Baji.KPresented by:P.Navaneeth Krishna Menon
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INTRODUCTION
• What is CRISPR Technology?
• Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats.
• CRISPR/Cas system is used for genome editing.
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CRISPR/Cas System
• CRISPRs are segments of prokaryotic DNA containing short repetitions of base sequences.
• CRISPR/Cas system is a prokaryotic immune system that confers resistance to foreign genetic elements such as phages.
• Much easier to design compared to its predecessors zinc finger nucleases and TALENs.
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• Spacers are fragments of DNA gathered from the viruses that had tried to attack the cell.
• CRISPR loci range from 24 to 48 bp.• CRISPR-associated(cas) genes are attached
to the repeater-spacer array.
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Action of CRISPR
The CRISPR immune system works to protect bacteria from repeated viral attack via three basic steps:(1) Adaptation
(2) Production of CRISPR RNA
(3) Targeting
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APPLICATIONS
In industry:
CRISPR system are advantageous for industrial processes that utilize bacterial cultures.CRISPR-based immunity can be employed to make these cultures more resistant to viral attack, which would otherwise impede productivity.Eg: Streptococcus thermophilus, which is used to make yogurts and cheeses.
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In the lab:
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IIn Medicine:
Treatment of genetic diseases.
To make more specific antibiotics that target only disease-causing bacterial strains while sparing beneficial bacteria.
Researches are being carried out to make WBCs resistant to HIV infection.
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CONCLUSION
Jennifer Doudna ,Emmanuelle Charpentier and Feng Zhang
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REFERENCE
• http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2014/crispr-genetic-engineering-technique/
• Horvath P, Barrangou R (2010). "CRISPR/Cas, the immune system of bacteria and archaea". Science 327 (5962): 167–70
• https://www.addgene.org/crispr/guide/• Sawyer E (9 February 2013). "Editing Genomes with the
Bacterial Immune System".Scitable (blog). Nature Publishing Group.
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