Crime Prevention and Personal Security Awareness With Basic Firstaid

7/31/2019 Crime Prevention and Personal Security Awareness With Basic Firstaid

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Crime Prevention and Personal Security Awareness

A. Within or near the home

1. keep your and . Always

(the locks) at night and always remember to keep your gates locked.

2. Invest in solid doors and good quality locks on doors and windows.This includes sliding doors as well. Good security locks will not deter adetermined burglar, but a good lock can make his intended tasks moredifficult and time-consuming thus forcing or impressing on him not tovictimize your home.

3. Whenever you go outside, lock the door and take the key with you,even if you are just stepping next door or out doing some chore.

4. Do not take the garbage out late at night or too early in the morning whiledarkness prevails unless someone is watching you.

5. If you happen to hear dogs barking or loud noises, such as breaking glass,do not investigate yourself . Call for assistance, either from your neighbors, the barangay or the police. If possible, keep a noise makingdevice near at hand such as an old fashion whistle in order to call for help or attract attention. Noise making devices is also a gooddeterrence in scaring off potential burglars.

6. Don’t open your door when the bell rings or someone knocks, unless

you have identified who is there. A door view, peeking thru the windowor door peephole is a good idea for identifying unknown visitors.

7. If a stranger asks to use your telephone, do not let them in. You shouldinstead offer to call someone for them in case of an emergency.

8. Never hide a key over the doorframe, under a doormat or in aflowerpot. House thieves know all the good hiding places.

9. Leave outside lights on if you will be coming home after dark and besure to have your keys in your hand and ready for use.

10. If you find that a door or window has been forced open while you wereaway, be as quite as possible and leave the immediate area. Use apay phone, cell phone, or a neighbors phone to call the barangay or police for immediate assistance. Do not take matters into your OWNHANDS!

11. Never discuss that you live alone or that your husband or roommate

is out of town. Be sure to teach children how important it is to keep thatpart of your lives private. This should not be discussed at schools, instores, etc.

12. Women who live alone should not put their first names on mailboxes or intheir phone listings. Use a last name and first initial only.

13. Only use a phrase such as “We cannot come to the phone right now.”On you’re answering machines (if you have any). Again, do not advertisethe fact that you live alone.

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14. Don’t put valuables where they can be seen from the window,especially items that can be easily carried.

15. Be sure your garage door (if you have any) can be secured. Do notleave it open when you are away; an empty garage broadcasts your

absence.

16. When you aren’t home, use a timer set to turn interior lights on and off atvarying intervals as though your home was still occupied.

17. Don’t keep large amounts of cash or really valuable jewelry around thehouse.

18. Try to plant thorny bushes under all your windows. Trim any trees or shrubs near your doors or windows so as to eliminate possible hidingplaces for would be thieves or burglars.

19. Invest in a good security system along with motion sensor lights

installed out of reach. Lighting is a proven crime deterrent. Doors andwindows can be outfitted with a low cost-simple magnetic strip alarmcosting only =P= 30.00 to =P= 50.00 in almost any nearby hardware or retail store is almost more than enough to secure your home fromunwarranted entry by unknown perpetrators. Medium range securitysystem could cost between =P= 250.00 to =P= 10,000.00. High end-sophisticated systems could cost around =P= 15,000.00 to =P=50,000.00.

20.

When utilizing a video surveillance-recording system to protect your home and property, it is imperative that a signage or noticestating/warning that your home is protected by such a system bedisplayed prominently for the public/all persons entering/trespassing intoyour home too read. This is necessary so that if when such recording isto be used in court, its admissibility is reinforced and that the subject/scannot deny that he/they were/was not given proper warning or betotally ignorant off being warned not to break into your home whereinthe video surveillance tape will be used as evidence against for their prosecution in court.

21. Don’t leave ladders outside your home. Keep any tools that could beused to break in your home safely locked away in a garage or shed.

22. Get a barking dog or a “Beware of Dog” signs. It you own a dog and goout off town, have someone come in and care for your dog in your home.Provide a steel wire cage for your dog where you can chain your dogsafely inside during nighttime. Caging the dog during nighttime preventsthe dog being compromised by being feed poison food by would beburglars.

23. If you do maintain an attack type dog (German shepherd, Doberman,Pit bull, etc.) inside your premises, a signage should be prominentlydisplayed stating its presence so that when a trespasser or would befelon(s)/burglar(s) breaks or forces their way into your home and areinjured or killed by the attack dog(s), they cannot plead ignorance of the dangers they were willingly going to face which resulted either totheir deaths or grave injuries.

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24. Engrave all valuables such as stereos, television set, microwaves, videocameras, with your initials, driver’s license number or social securitynumber (engraving tools are usually available through your local hardwarestore).

25.Videotape or take pictures of the contents of your home. Keep the videoand the list of all valuables in a safe place, such as a safe deposit box.Have all your other valuables of great importance properly insured.

26. Report suspicious activities in your areas to the barangay or to thepolice. Know your neighborhood and neighbors well.

27. Have some emergency lights installed in strategic areas in and aroundyour home so that during power failures your perimeter can still besecured from potential vandals or thieves until power is brought back tonormal.

28. Keep a set of flashlights handy and placed in strategic areas inside youhouse in case power failure. Kerosene hurricane lamps and candlesare also useful during power failure but special care must always betaken in the handling of such devices since they could easily become firehazards in the wrong situation.

29. Some basic knowledge in the art of self-defense would be a plus factor.But you are encourage NOT to face off one on one with a potentialburglar or thief since they are liable to be more dangerous (probablyarmed and more determined) than you might think. Call for HELP or

better yet, comply then get out of their way and then call for police helpor reinforcement!

30. Useless you REALLY KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING and YOU ARENOT ENDANGERING THE LIVES OF YOUR LOVE ONES and THAT OFOTHERS, then MAYBE you can apply your limited knowledge of self-defense or the martial arts and reactively resist an ARMED andDETERMINED felon. Often, when a crime victim fights/resist in defenseof his or her personal property, his/her motivation it is often based onemotions that is (in reality) selfish and feelings of being personally insulted by the felon. A criminal on the other hand will be confronting

YOU (the resisting victim) with a determination of BASE-PRIMITIVESELF-PRESERVATION which means that physically hurting or killing aresisting victim IS AND ALWAYS WILL BE THEIR BEST OPTION!

31. Keep a non-lethal weapon (preferably hidden) in a convenient locationnear your doors and near your bed within reach. Non-lethal weaponsmeans devices such as TEAR GAS, STUN GUNS, TAZER GUNS, BEANBAG GUNS, RETRACTABLE BATON, BRASS KNUCKLES and learn toutilize certain MARTIAL ARTS weapons such as the ARNIS DE MANOand a FIGHTING SHORT STAFF. Other handy non-lethal weapons suchas BASEBALL BATS, TENNIS RACKETS, MALLETS and GOLFCLUBS can also prove to be useful in certain situations. BE AWAREHOWEVER that this same non-lethal weapons can ALSO BE USED by afelon against YOUR PERSON if they so happened to get hold of it first!

32. Only use LETHAL WEAPONS such as a firearm as a last resort. Besure that when you do use a firearm, you are properly trained anddisciplined to USE IT as well as possess the necessary permits toown one! Always remember that using firearms entails greatresponsibility thus great discretion in using it in what can be perceived,as a dangerous situation is needed.

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33. Lastly, the use of signage such as “Never mind the dog, BEWARE OFOWNER” should only be employed if and when as the home owner,which means you are willing too use LETHAL AND DEADLY FORCE onany and all intruders who dare risk violating the safety of your home.

While outside the house and walking home or coming from work

34.Walk in familiar places so that you will know where to get help if you need it. Such places are where and

.

35. of what’s going on around you. Pay attention to anyone whois , possibly following you . In casessuch as this, or and keep walking in

. Walk towards other people.

! Walking or commuting home with music playing in y

our ears

.

36. if you feel you need to do so, especially insituations. in running away from apotential life threatening situation, as two old saying goes: “

” and “

”

37.Carry your with you at all times – they are great to have forany kind of emergency. Be certain that your

or mostly charged and. Also, maintain a special on your phone which you can

use .

38.However,where it is known that .

If your cell phone is snatched or someone demands it from you,, !

than a cell phone., but your life cannot be replaced or

reconstructed! The same situation applies if and when.

39.If while walking, someone you from, scream and that the car or

vehicle is travelling. to the with a. Running into a building or establishment

which is such as.

40.If you are confronted with a ,for assistance, or better yet,

. Yelling or the activation of your pocket alarm will helpattract faster attention. attached to you has often proven to be an

in and of otherwould be-victims of an on-going crime.

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41.Walk in a , for females: hold your purse or bag snuglyunder your arm. Don’t walk orwhere someone could possibly be hiding. For males: carry your wallet in theside pants pocket or inside your jacket pocket, never carry a wallet in therear pants pocket.

42. who suddenly stops you and ask fordirection, even though they look “ ”, be alert and wary.

43.When walking home, . Avoidhigh heel shoes, since such shoes is insituations where you have to run away from a potential or inevitable threat.

44. , use good common sense, and follow your instincts.

45.Should you encounter a person who is,

such a person and . Confronting such aperson could escalate the situation and lead into awhich you may later on regret.

46.Learn and use your knowledge of self-defense only duringemergency situations. means if and whenyour life or that of a love one or stranger is

.

47.If possible, arm yourself with and learn to use a suchas a

andlearn to use certain weapons such as the

and a .

48.Lastly, only use such as a as a .Be sure that when , you areand to

! remember that using firearmsentails thus in using it in whatcan be perceived, as a dangerous situation is needed.

For the protection of children and teenagers (below 18 years of age)

49. Teach your children every possible method of anti-crime preventionthat will help protect them in the years to come from the cruelties of theworld. We cannot possibly accompany our children 24 hours a day. Someanti-crime prevention tips for children are:

49.1 Always make children carry identification with them at all times. Also, make them recite and memorize their name and address aswell as your (parent’s) name, address and telephone number .

49.2 Provide your children with laminated identification cards that hastheir full name, age, address, contact phone numbers (of parents, relatives and friends) in case of an emergency, bloodtype, allergies to medication, physicians name, address andphone numbers of police and emergency services. Have thenames of your children and address printed on cloth badges thatcan be sewn inside the clothing of your children.

49.3 Teach you children how to use a phone and dial your phone or

emergency numbers. NEVER EVER give MINORS (THOSE

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BELOW 18 YEARS OF AGE) their own CELLPHONE, if you do,they will most likely become very attractive targets to highlydangerous and desperate criminal elements who are notorious inmaiming and killing their victims whose cellphone they were intentin stealing whether these same victims resists them or not. In a

number of cellphone robbery incidents, the criminals at timeseither stabs or shot their victims without warning beforedivesting them of their cell phones..

49.4 If you do decide to give your children cell phones or they alreadyhave one, always caution them to use it wisely especially in apublic environment such as in city streets, malls or while on-board public vehicles. Remind them always that if ever they areconfronted by criminals who demand that they give up their cellphone or have their cell phone snatch from their grasps, too justcomply without resistance or let the snatcher go free and never

to resist or chase the perpetrator . Many an injured or dead victimsof cell phone hold-ups or snatching involve those victims whomade futile efforts to resist their would be assailants or in theprocess give chase after them often ending with grave results on their part. A cell phone or its SIM card/phone directory is NOT NOREVER WORTH A PERSONS LIFE!

49.5 Have your children memorize special passwords to be used bythem and between you and your family only in time or cases of emergencies.

49.6

Never use scare tactics on your children. Instead, talk to your children about the numerous hazards and dangers that are present inour society in a calm, firm and serious manner .

49.7 Tell your children that if they are ever confronted with a dangeroussituation, to cry out for assistance yelling, “FIRE” (or SUNOG).Shouting FIRE will generally bring faster attention and response thancalling for HELP.

49.8 Explain to your children that they are ultimately responsible for their own safety, especially when you are not around to help. This willmost likely help them gain more responsibility and further assistthem in taking control of their own security.

49.9 Make children be aware of their own instincts and senses. Childrencan sense danger at very young ages. Studies show that childrenbetween the ages of 3 to 5 are able to think for themselves, place

judgement, and know right from wrong.

49.10 Show children how to ask for help. Tell them who they can askfor help like the POLICE, SECURITY GUARDS or BARANGAYOFFICIALS and that it is always OK to ask for help in any situation.Encourage them to speak their mind or feelings.

49.11 Warn children about strangers, and why they are not to interactwith them at all! Explain to your children that a stranger is ANYONEthey do not personally know.

49.12 Make your children be aware of PREDATORS/PEDOPHILEStargeting children. Predators test children to see how trusting their

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potential victims might be toward them. Predators can be verypatient, talking to a child several times trying to gain their trust beforeactually committing their crimes.

49.13 Instill in your children a sense of caution against overly friendly

strangers. Have them report to you (their parents) or their teachers or too a person of authority these predators/pedophiles, especially if and when these same predators have begun or were intent intouching them.

49.14 Advise your children as well as your teenage sons or daughters to never do a so called “EYE BALL” or “MEET” withstrangers they got to know either thru TEXTING or thru CHATROOMS in the INTERNET. Especially when the supposed EYEBALL or MEET is to take place in an environment they areunfamiliar with. Even if the environment is familiar to them and the

EYE BALL/MEET takes place in a public place such as a mall,restaurant or park, there is a fifty-fifty chance that their lives andsafety is in GRAVE DANGER. Dozens of real life cases involving abduction, sexual molestation, rape and even homicides or murder cases during so-called EYE BALLS/MEETS between somenaive children and teenagers alike with a total stranger have beenrecorded and continues to occur on a regular basis to this veryday!

49.15 If your children or teenage sons or daughters insist on going to theEYE BALL/MEET and there is no way for you too stop them,

DEMAND that they give too you (before they leave or you give your permission to them) the name/identity OR ANY OTHERRELEVANT DATA (Photos, cellphone number, email address,etc.) of the person they are suppose to meet, as well as were andwhen the EYE BALL/MEET is to take place. Caution them toeither call or text you if and when they have met with their EYEBALL as well as remind them to call or text you as to their currentlocation from time to time as well as when they are expected to behome.

50.When going to a park with your children, as parents, the followingprocedures should be followed:

50.1 Note all the possible entrance and exits going to and from the park.

50.2 Always closely supervise your children as they play in the park.Instruct them or remind them on how they should respond tostrangers. Just because a park is a public area, does not mean itis a safe environment for you and your children.

50.3 Know the location of stores or businesses which may be open in thevicinity of the park. These locations may be a safe place to goshould you feel that you and your family are being threatened.

50.4 Also take note of the location of the nearest public phones withinthe park as well as the location of the nearest security or policeoutpost.

50.5 During outings or simple walks in the park with your children, avoidwearing excessive amounts of jewelry or carrying large amounts

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of cash on your person. This attitude could result to you attractingunwanted attention from potential criminal elements andinadvertently put you and other members of your family in gravedanger .

B. While driving a car to work, home, on shopping trips, business trips,etc.

51. Before leaving for work, going home or on vacation and business trips or even a trip to the local market, make sure that you check the condition of your vehicle on a routine basis so that you can prevent breakdowns andtherefore avoid vulnerable situations to yourselves or any members of your immediate family from ever occurring. Check the following items on aroutine basis:

51.1 Check your tire pressure and wear of your car wheel.

51.2 Check the level of your oil and brake fluid levels.

51.3 Check battery fluid.

51.4 Check water in your radiator . Make sure the water level is alwayshigh.

51.5 Always carry a first aid kit and blanket for emergency situation.

51.6 Always carry on your person your driver’s license and auto

insurance card.

51.7 Always carry on your person or listed on your cell phoneemergency phone numbers for the police, fire, ambulance and 24hour towing and repair services.

51.8 Always carry an emergency repair kit and if possible, a portable air compressor as well as the following tools should be found insideyour vehicle at all times:

51.8.1 Screwdriver 51.8.2 Pliers51.8.3 Flashlights51.8.4 Jack and spare tire51.8.5 Battery jumper cables and procedures for boosting a dead

battery51.8.6 Change for public telephones or phone cards for emergency

calls. Make sure your cellphone has a fully charged batterywhen you are going on any kind of road trip either to work or onsightseeing tours, etc.

51.8.7 Lubricants for locks51.8.8 Lug wrench51.8.9 Emergency flares51.8.10Non-lethal self defense gear such as TEAR GAS, MACE, STUN

OR TAZER GUN or a RETRACTABLE BATON which you canLEGALLY carry on your person and put in safekeeping insideyour vehicle’s glove compartment. An old fashion whistleattached on your key chain can prove to be an effectivedeterrent as well as a means for calling for help in situationswherein you need a loud noise in order to attract attention toyour plight or that of another person needing help.

52. When using or owning a vehicle/car , the head of the family mustalways establish ground rules regarding the vehicles/cars proper andsafe use. Some of these established rules are as follows:

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52.1 When parking your vehicle on the curb or in front of your home or office at night (or even at daytime), always choose to park in a well(or to be) lighted area.

52.2Always lock your car even if it’s park in front of your home. Makesure all windows are closed properly as well as ensure that the car trunk (or boot) is also properly closed.

52.3 Activate any anti-car theft device you may have installed in your car. Make sure that all your car battery operated devices inside your car are turned off.

52.4 Never leave any valuable items or packages prominentlydisplayed on your cars dashboard or car seats. Always keep suchitems out off sight. This includes CB or UHF-VHF hand held radios,

cellphone, bags, CDs, groceries, etc. which may well tempt or invite apotential theft to victimize your vehicle/car.

52.5 Never leave your car keys in the ignition or inside your car. Alwayscarry your car keys with you at all times. If you intend to park in acommercial lot or garage, leave only the ignition key with theattendant. NEVER EVER LEAVE your car door keys with theattendant.

52.6 NEVER EVER LINK YOUR CAR KEYS ON THE SAME KEY CHAINAS THAT OF YOUR HOUSEHOLD KEYS! Always maintain

separate key chains for your car keys and that of your householdkeys.

52.7 Never keep your license, car registration or title inside your car . If you leave these items inside you vehicle, car thieves can usethese documents to sell your car or to impersonate you when theyare challenge by police. In certain situations, car owners whoindiscriminately left their car and house keys, registration andother identifiable materials in their vehicles may discover uponreturning to their place of residence that it has been burglarized andvandalized by the same felons who stole their car.

52.8 If you have a garage, use it. Lock both your vehicle and the garage.

52.9 If possible, avoid parking your vehicle in unattended publicparking lots for an extended period of time. It is at least five (5)times more likely for a vehicle/car to be stolen or broken into whilebeing parked in an unattended parking lot than from the street or anattended parking.

52.10 At night, when you are about town, always park you vehicle in awell lighted area with considerable pedestrian traffic.

52.11 Whenever possible, when parking in an unattended public parkingarea, always turn the wheels sharply towards the curb whenparking your vehicle so that it will make your more difficult to betowed by car thieves who utilizes the modus operandi of towingcars away.

52.12 Consider the purchase and installation of car security devices, suchas the following:

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52.12.1Ignition cut-off device: A key operated or hidden manualswitch that interrupts the power supply from the battery to theignition.

52.12.2Fuel cut-off device: Integrated into the fuel line, this deviceprevents the flow of gasoline once the fuel in the gas line is

used. Only a special key deactivates the cut-off.52.12.3Ignition column guard: This security device can provide

protection to the ignition starting system. The device fits aroundthe steering column and over the ignition starting system.

52.12.4Hood lock: a secondary hood lock should be installed toprevent access to the power source, battery or siren, for analarm system, via a key-operated bolt, which is accessible frominside the car.

52.12.5Door locks: visible inside door lock buttons should be smoothand tapered.

52.12.6Anti theft steering wheel locks: Locks on and prevents

steering wheel from turning. Its high visibility deters car thieves.52.12.7Guard plate: Install a guard plate over the trunk lock withcarriage bolts to protect the trunk cylinder.

52.12.8Trunk lock: As an auxiliary or secondary locking device, aheavy duty chain lock maybe installed inside the trunk and iskey operated.

52.12.9Wheel locks: This device replaces one lug nut on each tire andis key operated.

52.12.10 Radio security: Slide mount removable radio devices arerecommended for vehicles such as owner type jeeps whichusually does not have any car doors installed. The idea is

simple: if you do not want it stolen, take it with you.52.12.11 Car Alarms: There are various types of car alarm systemthat will serve to deter or discourage car theft, as well as alertpeople in the vicinity of a crime in progress. Some of thecommon car alarm devices are as follows:

52.12.11.1 Siren alarm device: It is an audio-sounding device usedin lieu of the car horn. This device is automaticallytriggered when a person without the proper key (manualor electronic) access to your vehicle, forcibly open or operates your car. This type of alarm operates thru anelectronic device which emits an invisible electro-magnetic field surrounding the entire frame of the vehicleand is often activated when a certain amount of physicalforce disrupts the invisible electro-magnetic field.

52.12.11.2 Pin switches: This is a plunger type switch that isinstalled on the car doors, hood and trunk, which whenreleased to their furthest extension, activates a siren typealarm.

52.12.11.3 Glass protection: A sensing device is available thatdiscriminates the sound of breaking glass and can beused in conjunction with switches for overall alarmprotection.

52.12.11.4 Voltage sensing device: This device is attached to thewiring of the vehicle and triggers the alarm when drain of power is detected such as from an interior, hood or trunklight.

52.12.11.5 Motion sensing device: Sends out sound waves abovehuman hearing and is activated by any disturbance in thesound wave pattern. This device however has a tendency

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to be activated by pedestrians walking by your vehicle aswell as by passing motor vehicles.

52.12.11.6 Global Positioning Vehicle Tracking System: TheGlobal Positioning Vehicle Tracking System (GPVTS)can be installed in a private vehicle which will enable a

vehicle owner to monitor the whereabouts of his stolenvehicle as well as enable/empower the owner to disablehis vehicle thru a remote control system-option which isalso featured in the GPVTS.

53. If your vehicle does get stolen, initiate the following course of action:

53.1 Report theft immediately to the nearest police station

53.2 Notify your insurance company (if you are insured)

53.3Give detail description of your stolen vehicle, specifically its;53.3.1 Make and Model

53.3.2 Color 53.3.3 Plate number; and53.3.4 Other identifiable characteristic of your vehicle

C. When traveling on the road, eating in restaurants or staying in ahotel or motel

54. For men: always carry your wallet on your side trouser pocket, never in the rear pocket. It has been proven that it is more difficult (but not

impossible) for a pick pocket to pick a man’s wallet if it is carried in theside trouser pocket.

55. For women: always carry a shoulder bag design with a short shoulder strap and can easily be carried under your arm. This type of femaleshoulder bags are difficult to snatch. However, if a determined purse or bag snatcher wants to snatch away your bag using excessive force,then let him or her have your bag, less the perpetrator losses his or her patience and decide to use VIOLENT AND DEADLY FORCE against youand your love ones.

56. Always carry some form of identification on your person wherever or whatever you are doing. A label or tag, or even written initialssewn/written inside your personal clothing will prove to be sufficient if you are not carrying an ID wallet or handbag.

57. NEVER CARRY ALL YOUR CASH, CREDIT CARDS and VALUABLESin one place on your person. Always carry your cash and credit cards inseparate pockets of your clothing when traveling as well as maintain asecret cache of emergency cash somewhere in your person in cases of emergency. NEVER CARRY LARGE AMOUNT OF MONIES/CASH onyour person.

58. Never ever make an ostentatious display of wearing expensive jewelry on your person when traveling. This can only lead to potentialtrouble for you and your family.

59. If possible, make sure that the hotel you are staying have as policy of maintaining a small combination-built in wall safe (preferablyelectronic) in your hotel rooms where you can leave your valuables,important papers, jewelry, passports and extra monies in relative safety. If

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your room does not have a small combination-built in wall safe, either entrust the aforementioned items to the hotel safe deposit box or rentfor a limited time, a safe deposit box at a reputable bank nearest your hotel. Never leave your valuables unattended inside your hotel room.

60.When eating out with your family on trips or vacation, keep your handbag or shoulder bag on your lap when dining out. Never let your bagor shoulder bag dangling over the back of a chair where a thief withquick reflexes can easily snatch your bag with relative ease.

61. When utilizing the restrooms or dressing-fitting rooms of restaurantsand clothing stores, never let your bag dangling from a door hookwhere criminals can easily reach over and remove them. Somecriminals who often operates in a number of popular fast food jointsare known to place their own utility wall hook on the inside part of therest room door , where unsuspecting female victims would often hang

their shoulder bag, and while they are busy relieving themselves, theyare unaware of the thieves hand reaching over the rest room door andsilently divesting them of their belongings.

62. Be wary of unexpected persons suddenly making a business or courtesy call to your hotel room. Never open the door to strangers or unsolicited room service or maintenance people, always verify suchservices thru the front or service desk. When such persons call onyou, do not let them in. Utilize your hotel room door’s peep hole inscrutinizing your visitor or in its absence, talk to said visitor(s) thru your close door. Never open your hotel room door to anyone you don’t

know!

63. When turning in for the night, always make sure that your hotel roomdoor is properly secured with the complimentary dead bolt or chainlock properly placed. Also check if your hotel room windows or balconydoors are properly secured. If possible, bring along your own portableburglar alarm or a travelers dead bolt in order to secure your room fromthe inside.

64. Upon arriving and leaving the hotel, make sure that your luggage is onlygiven to members of the hotel’s bell staff and a receipt is issued for stored luggage. Never leave luggage or other expensive itemsunattended at airports or taxi stands.

65. If on a tour, you choose to use a rent-a-car service, contact a specificand reputable company directly thru their authorized field office. Never accept an unsolicited “car service” vehicle (except from airportaccredited taxi services) offering to take you to your destination. Theseunmarked “private taxi-limo services” are usually operated by armedrobbery groups.

66. When going on a long road trip, plan such a trip in advance and alwayscarry the necessary emergency equipment and an updated road mapat all times. At night time, always travel on well-lighted and populatedroadways whenever possible and keep the doors of your vehicle locked.

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Be wary of other motorists warning you of a mechanical problem onyour vehicle such as a flat tire. This is a usual ruse utilized bycarjackers and armed robbers in getting unwary motorist to stop their vehicle and allow them (the criminals) to victimize the unwary traveler.

Always be alert of your surroundings at all times. Always bring your

cellular phone with you at all times.

67. If you believe your car has a mechanical problem, try to get to thenearest gas or service station. If this is not an option, bring your vehicleto a stop and park it properly on a side road. Upon parking your vehicle,utilize your early warning devices in order to inform on-coming motorist of your vehicle problems. If repairing your vehicle’s mechanical problems isbeyond your capabilities, call to the nearest gas station or towingservice for immediate assistance.

68. If you don’t have a phone number for the nearest gas-service station at

hand, then either walk or commute to the nearest town in order toseek professional assistance. NEVER EVER HITCH-HIKE or justreadily accept a ride from complete strangers. Hitch hiking is generallysafe and majority of people who offer distress people rides as well asthose who are hitch-hiking themselves are well meaning and helpfulindividuals as well as genuinely distressed individuals. However, there isalways the off-chance that the person who is driving the vehicle aswell as the hitch hiking passenger(s) may have some criminal intenton the helpless driver/hitch hiker . As much as possible, if you have toseek help, always travel with a companion.

69.

If you experienced car trouble along the way home, to work or on your way to your vacation destination, the first step you must do is PHONEHOME to your relatives or friends and inform them of your plight-specially the description of your car trouble; when it happened;where you are and what it is you intend to do. Inform them always of your intent to seek assistance and the general direction that you intendto take, as well as who is accompanying you in order for you to lookfor help in towing or repairing your vehicle and who will be left behind.

70. If you are going to leave your wife and children or other relatives andfriends behind with your broken down vehicle while you go to seek help,remind them not too venture very far from the vehicle. If you managedto park your vehicle under the shade of a tree or an overhang, tell them toremain inside the vehicle with the windows partially open, but the doorslocked.

71. If you ever experience car trouble during the middle of the night in a lesstraveled or frequented road or in an environment that seems to be a verydubious/notorious part of the city, then avoid leaving the confines of your damaged vehicle. Partially open your car window so as some air can come into the vehicle, but keep your car doors lock. If necessary, callthe police for emergency assistance.

Basics of First Aid

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At one time or another, whether in the past or in the notso distant future, a person will at some time will have toadminister first aid to a person in need, if only to treat anosebleed or a minor cut.

In more serious situations, intelligent and prompt first aidmay save a life and lessen the danger of shock, injury andeven death.

The concept of Intelligent First Aid is based on two (2)things, namely:

1. Knowing what to do; and2. Knowing what not to do

Knowing what to do

In any emergency situation, before one makes adecision to intervene or help a person, one must first take threeessential steps, namely:

1. Look for danger

2. 2. Remove the danger; and3. Assess the injured person/casualty

Only after you have taken these three necessary steps will the first aider give the appropriate aid to the injured person or casualty.

THE GOLDEN RULES:

1. Do no harm or carry out any further action which could aggravate thephysical condition of the injured person or casualty;

2. An injured person or casualty who is UNCONSCIOUS will always takepriority. An unconscious person needs to be immediately assessed inorder to ensure that he or she is still able to breathe;

3. It is only after assessing the state of such victims will the first aider begins to assess and treat any injured persons who are in a state of consciousness;

4. Giving first aid is a calculated risk . In cases involving serious injury, thefirst aider must be able to accept that the injured person or casualtymay die no matter what form of treatment he or she provides for thevictim

Responsibilities of a First Aider

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Are you or thecasualty in any form of immediate danger?

Remove the danger.Move the casualtyonly if absolutelynecessary

Check for consciousness. If need to, open anairway. Check for

breathing and pulse



1. To assess a situation quickly and safely, and summon appropriate help2. To identify, as far as possible, the injury or the nature of the illnessaffecting a casualty3. To give early, appropriate and adequate treatment in a sensibleorder of priority

4. To arrange for the removal of the injured person/casualty tohospital, to the care of a doctor or home5. To remain with the injured person / casualty until handing him or her over the care of a doctor or home6. To make and pass a report and give further help if required

Emergency Actions

Emergency Actions are procedures or steps that the first aider must firstput into practice before giving first aid to the injured person/casualty. Theseemergency actions are as follows:

1. Check for consciousness. When the first aider approaches anunconscious casualty, he or she should carefully shake the injuredpersons shoulders and at the same time shout in a very loud voicecommands such as “Open your eyes!” or “Can you hear me?”. If theinjured person or casualty does not respond, he or she is definitelyunconscious.

2. Open and unconscious casualty’s air passage. The first aider after determining that the injured person/casualty is truly unconscious, he or she should proceed to remove any obvious obstruction from thevictim’s mouth. By placing two fingers under the point of the chin, the

first aider will lift the jaw of the victim. At the same time, the first aider,will place his or her hand along the casualty’s forehead and tilt thevictim’s head back. This will allow air to easily pass thru theunconscious victims throat and lungs.

3. Check for breathing. The first aider is to place his or her head near the injured persons/casualty’s nose and mouth and should sense for the following:

a. Look along the chest to see if there is any movementb. Listen carefully for the sounds of breathingc. Feel for breath on your cheekd. Check for5 seconds before deciding breathing is absent

4. Check for a pulse. With the victims head tilted back, feel for the Adam’s apple with two fingers. Slide your fingers back into the gapbetween the windpipe and the muscle that runs besides it, and feel for 5 seconds for the carotid pulse

5. Recovery position. Position the unconscious body of the injuredperson/casualty in such a way that will keep him or her in state of limited comfort and ensure his/her un-hinder breathing until proper medical help arrives. To position the unconscious persons body intothe recovery position, the following instruction are to be carried out, towit:

a. First aider kneeling beside the injured person/casualty, will tiltthe victim’s head and lift victim’s chin to open the airway. Thefirst aider is to make sure that both victim’s legs are straight,place the arm nearest (you) out at right-angles to victim’s body,elbow bent, with the palm of the hand uppermost

b. Bring the far arm across the chest and hold the hand against thecasualty’s cheek, palm outwards. With the first aider other hand,grasp the farther thigh and pull the victim’s knee up, keeping thefoot on the ground

c. Keeping the casualty’s hand pressed against the cheek with onehand, pull victim towards you with the other at the leg

d. Tilt the head back to make sure the airway of the victim remainsopen. Adjust the hand, if necessary, so that the head is wellsupported. Adjust the uppermost leg so that both the hip and the

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knee are at right-angles. Check breathing and pulse regularlywhile waiting for the arrival of emergency services

Emergency First Aid: A-Z of First Aid

Bleeding

1. Remove clothing to expose the wound, and press firmly over it withyour hand or fingers, preferably over a clean dressing or pad. DO NOT

APPLY A TOURNIQUET2. Maintaining the pressure, raise and support the injured part3. Bandage the pad firmly in place, but not so tightly that you cut off the

blood supply to the limb4. Get appropriate medical help. If bleeding is severe, call for ambulanceservices or bring injured person/casualty to nearest hospital. Whilewaiting for ambulance services, the first aider should keep the injuredpart raised and supported, lay the casualty down on a blanket withhis/her legs raised and supported

5. If bleeding strikes through the bandage, secure another dressing over the top

Broken Bones

1. Tell the casualty to keep still. Steady and support the injured part withyour hands. DO NOT MOVE THE CASUALTY UNNECESSARILY2. If there is a wound, control any bleeding by pressing on the wound with

a clean dressing or pad. Place soft padding over and around thewound, and bandage the dressing and padding in place

3. For a broken leg, bandage both legs together at knees and ankles,then above and below the injury. For an arm, apply a sling and, if necessary, tie a bandage around the arm and the body, avoiding theinjury

4. Call for ambulance service or if able, bring injured persons/casualty tonearest hospital. Raise and support the injured part, if possible. Checkthe circulation in the hand or foot every 10 minutes. DO NOT GIVETHE CASUALTY ANYTHING BY MOUTH.

Burns: Burns in first aid situation often involve four (4) types of incidents namely:

1. Firesa. Immediately dial fire services and ask for immediate assistanceb. If casualties are present on or near the fire, remove casualties

from danger if it is safe to do soc. Do not enter a burning buildingd. Do not enter a smoke or fume filled room

2. Clothing on Firea. Do not let the casualty run outdoors or run at any considerable

distance since this will prove detrimental on part of first aider from rendering assistance in suppressing the flame as well aslimiting the potential damage the distress person mayunintentionally cause

b. The preferred method for first aider to render assistance to aperson whose clothing is on fire, is to grab a fire blanket or anylarge piece of cloth and tackle the victim to the ground

c. When the victim is tackled into the ground, the first aider is to

immediately wrap the blanket around the victim’s body and by

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either rolling the victim repeatedly on the ground or patting theportions of the clothing on fire, suppress the flame

d. When the fire on the victim’s clothes have been successfullysuppressed, the first aider is to keep the victim laying down on aprone position and wait for the arrival of emergency services

e. The first aider is to make the victim comfortable while waiting for emergency services. The first aider is to make sure that thevictim is lying down, with the burned side uppermost. To giveadditional comfort to the victim, douse victim with water or wrapthe casualty tightly in a coat or rug

f. If feasible, bring burn victim to the nearest hospital for immediate medical attention

3. Electrical Injuriesa. If a person becomes a victim of an accidental electrical charge,order the switch off of main electrical switch so as too shut off allelectrical current in the immediate area

b. Do not approach the victim until you have been officiallyinformed that the high-voltage current has been switched off and isolated

c. After being assured that the immediate area is safe, approachthe electrocuted victim carefully, assess his/her injuries andrender first aid

4. Chemical Spillsa. Before providing first aid, make sure that the chemical spill inthe immediate area has already been contained beforeapproaching chemical burn victims and providing first aid

b. If possible, take precaution such as wearing protective clothing,safety boots, gloves, hard hats and safety goggles beforeapproaching chemical burn victims

c. If corrosive chemical is still present in the immediate area, utilizea fire hose to rinse the chemicals to the nearest water drain

d. Approach the victim and assess his/her injuriese. If victim is unconscious, lift him/her and take the casualty to a

safe distance away from the spilled chemicals. Certain fumes if mixed in a certain way will either ignite and spontaneouslycombust or become toxic within seconds

f. If on the on set toxic fumes are already present in the immediatearea, immediately evacuate the victims and personnel andproceed to the pre-designated evacuation area

g. Render first aid to chemical burn victims by rinsing the affectedarea of their body with cool and steady running water. Makesure the contaminated rinsing water is drain away safely to thenearest water drain

h. Apply first aid

5. Basic first aid for burn victimsa. Cool the burn with cold water until the pain is relieved. DO NOT

DELAY getting medical help if the burn is SEVERE. If possible,transport severely burn victims to the nearest hospital for immediate treatment

b. Remove constricting items from the burned area. Items such asbelts, shoes, clothing, watches, rings and other jewelry. DONOT remove clothing or anything else that became stuck to thevictim’s skin because of burns, his or her injuries may becomemore complex or even fatal. Clothing or items that becomestuck on a persons skin due to the fire can best be removed by

trained medical personnel in hospital

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c. Cover the burn with light, clean and non-fluffy material such as aburn sheet found in first aid kits. Ointments or creams can onlybe applied on lightly burn skin (third degree burns). DO NOT

APPLY CREAM, OINTMENT OR FAT on severely burn victimsand DO NOT BURST any blisters. Again, severely burn victims

are better treated at the nearest hospitald. If the burn of the victim covers a large area of his/her body, laythe casualty down and, if possible, raise and support victim’slegs. Call for emergency services and wait for arrival of ambulance

e. Stay beside the victim at all times until the arrival of theambulance. While waiting, check and record the breathing andpulse rate of victim every 10 minutes

Choking

1. For an Adult or Older Childa. Bend the victim forward, and give him or her five sharp blowswith the flat of your hand between their shoulder blades

b. If this does not work, give abdominal thrusts otherwise knownas the Heimlich maneuver:

i. Stand behind the victim and put both arms around his/her waist, with one hand palm upwards, and the other, palmdown

ii. Interlock your hands and pull sharply inwards andupwards below the victim’s ribs. Repeat up to four (4)times

c. If this does not expel the blockage, keep trying, alternating five(5) back blows with five (5) abdominal thrusts.

2. For a Small Childa. Put the child over your lap, head down, and slap him repeatedly

between the shoulder blades. Use a lesser amount of force thanyou would for an adult

b. If back blows fail, use abdominal thrusts only if you have beentrained to do so on a child. Otherwise, begin artificial ventilation

3. For a Babya. Lay the baby along your forearm, head down and slap him/her

repeatedly between the shoulder blades. Use lesser force thanfor a child

b. If this does not work, begin artificial ventilation. DO NOT USEthe abdominal thrust technique on a baby

Eye Injury

1. Lay the victim or casualty on his/her back and support his/her head sothat it is still as possible

2. Examine carefully the affected eye3. Tilt the part of the head were the affected eye is at an angle, with the

affected eye in the down direction4. With the victim’s head so tilted, irrigate the eye, if appropriate, to

remove the harmful chemical or floating grit. The tilted head will helpdrain away the water from the victim’s face. Make sure your hand (firstaider) is clear of the rinsing water. DO NOT IRRIGATE an eye with awound, or a foreign body lodged in or sticking to the eyeball

5. Cover the eye, preferably with a sterile eye pad. Bandage the padfirmly in place, covering both eyes to prevent eye movement. Reassurethe victim/casualty before you blindfold him/her

6. In severe cases, bring victim immediately to the nearest hospital for treatment or call for immediate ambulance service

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Head Injury

1. If a person or victim sustains a scalp wound, replace any skin flaps andusing a clean pad, press down firmly and evenly over the wound. DONOT touch the wound with your fingers

2. Once bleeding is controlled, hold the pad in place with a cleanbandage

3. Check the victim’s/casualty’s response by asking simple, directquestions. If victim/casualty response are normal and coherent,chances of severe concussion is small

4. However, if victim/casualty’s response is incoherent and not clear,victim/casualty maybe suffering a mild concussion and shouldtherefore be ordered to lay down

5. Victim/casualty when being laid down should have his head andshoulders raised and supported. If there is a need to transportvictim/casualty to hospital, he/she should be transported in this position

6. If at any time during the initial first aid treatment the victim/casualtysuddenly becomes unconscious, immediately transport him/her to thenearest hospital for emergency medical treatment

7. In the absence of an emergency vehicle, call for ambulance serviceand wait for its arrival

Heart Attack

1. If a person is suffering from a mild heart attack, make the victimcomfortable. Make him or her assume a half-sitting position with hisknees bent and supported. This position is to make him/her comfortable and to ease strain on the victims heart

2. Give the victim one aspirin (paracetamol or tylenol) and tell victim tochew it slowly. DO NOT PROVIDE victim with water

3. Call for emergency services, if vehicle is available, transport victim tothe nearest hospital for immediate treatment. DO NOT APPLY CPRunless victim becomes unconscious due to his/her heart attack

Shock and Treatment of Shock

Shock is a state wherein all bodily functions slow down as a result of theslowing down of the circulation of the human body. Nearly every injurycauses some degree of shock. In certain cases, severe shock can causedeath.

1. First aider must first look for symptoms of shock such asa. Pale faceb. Cold or clammy skinc. Weak but fast pulse; andd. Irregular breathingNOTE: In certain situations, symptoms of shocks may not appear or several hours. DO NOT WAIT if the injury is at all serious beforetreating for shock. Treat for shock at once!

2. After determining the presence of shock, undertake the followingtreatment:

a. Help the victim prevent further loss of body heat. Utilizeblankets, coats or ever newspapers to keep the victim warm

b. Utilize artificial heating such as hot bottle water or heatedstones or salt bags by putting these items at the feet and beside

and between the legs

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c. If artificial heating device is too hot and the victim burns easily,wrap the heating device inside a piece of cloth or similar container

d. Keep the victim warm, but not hot enough to make him/her sweat heavily

3. Do not prop the victim/casualty up or put a pillow under his head.Instead, elevate the victim’s feet to keep his head lower

4. If and when the victim can prove to be able to swallow, he maybegiven a stimulant such as hot coffee, tea, broth, milk or a teaspoonfulof aromatic spirits of ammonia in a glass of water

5. If victim/casualty is nauseated, do not give him/her a stimulant6. Never pour anything down the throat of an unconscious person.

Swallowed Poisons

1. Check victim’s/casualty’s mouth for presence of vomit or other foreignmatter that could block victim’s/casualty’s ability to breath. DO NOTTRY TO MAKE the victim/casualty vomit unless you know what youare doing

2. Look for signs of chemical burning in or around the victim’s/casualty’smouth. If there is burning, give the victim/casualty cold water or milk tosip

3. While treating victim/casualty, call for ambulance service. If vehicletransportation is present, bring victim immediately to the nearesthospital for immediate treatment. Report to the ambulance service or hospital nurse the type or name of the suspected poison

victim/casualty may have swallowed4. If victim becomes unconscious before the arrival of ambulanceservices, place the unconscious victim in the recovery position

5. Common antidotes for certain poisons are:a. For IODINE based poison, give the victim/casualty a glass of

water with a tablespoon of starch or two tablespoonfuls of flour b. For SILVER NITRATE , give a tablespoonful of salt in a glass of

water c. For BICHLORIDE OF MERCURY , stir raw whites of two or three

eggs in half a glass of water and have victim swallow thismixture. This must be immediately followed within two to threeminutes by an emetic

d. For CARBOLIC ACID, give the victim/casualty threetablespoonful of whiskey, brandy or gin or a half-and-half mixture of grain alcohol and water. Follow this at once with anemetic

e. For SLEEP PRODUCING DRUGS , give an emetic at once.Follow with black coffee, a cup every half hour or so. Keep thepatience awake until proper medical treatment by hospitalpersonnel is given. To keep the patient awake, slap and shakehim. Do not walk the victim very much

f. For STRYCHNINE POISONING , an emetic is nowrecommended, followed by Epsom salts in water. Do not givethe victim a stimulant.

END

NOTE: This manual is subject for changes/upgrade in accordancewith existing policies and the prevailing political, social andeconomic environment. Comments and suggestion for thefurther enhancement of this manual is welcome.

Copyright JASON A. DOMINGO, 2009

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Crime Prevention and Personal Security Awareness With Basic Firstaid

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Transcript of Crime Prevention and Personal Security Awareness With Basic Firstaid