CREDIBLE VS. BIASED SOURCES

• Almost every source has some bias (an inclination OR prejudice towards one side).

• To identify the degree of bias: – Who created the resource/article?

• Gender, age, education, occupation, race, religion

– When was the resource/article written? • What was the historical context?

• How dated is the resource? Does age even have a bearing?

– Why was the resource created? What was the purpose?

– For whom was the article written? Who is the audience?

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• Publishers (web sites, newspapers, magazines, etc.) can be biased too

– Is all evidence cited?

– Does the resource present multiple viewpoints?

– What was the original source?

• The more variety in your sources (web, print, direct interviews, etc.) the more reliable your argument will be

BIAS ANALYSIS

FITS. “The Prom: Snowflake Style.” Fits News, 23 March 2017.

Idika, Nicky @adulthumanbeing. “This School Makes Students Choose Their Prom Date Out of a Hat.” PopBuzz, Global, 23 March 2017.

Lang, Cady. “Prom Dates are Randomly Assigned by Lottery at this School So No One Gets Left Out.” TIME, Time Inc., 22 March 2017.

Lethlean, Beth. “Aquin Draws on 90-Year Tradition for Prom Dates.” Journal Standard, Gatehouse Media, LLC. 14 March 2017.

Mei, Gina. “This High School Assigns Prom Dates Using a Lottery System.” Cosmopolitan, Hearst Communications, Inc. 21 March 2017.

http://www.kens5.com/life/illinois-high-school-assigns-prom-dates-with-lottery/425234147

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• Works Cited = list of sources used in a paper/essay

• Annotated Bibliography = list of sources examined for research purposes with critiques for each

• Either may be written in: – APA Style (American Psychological

Association): math, science

– Chicago Style: history

– MLA Style (Modern Language Association): English, humanities

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S APA Style (last updated 2009)

Guerrero, Rafael. (2017, January 17). Norovirus Confirmed in St. Charles East High School Outbreak. Retrieved from http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/elgin-courier-news/news/ct-ecn-st-charles-norovirus-st-0118-20170117-story.html.

Chicago Style (last updated 2010)

Guerrero, Rafael, “Norovirus Confirmed in St. Charles East High School Outbreak,” Elgin Courier-News, last modified January 17 2017, http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/elgin-courier-news/news/ct-ecn-st-charles-norovirus-st-0118-20170117-story.html.

MLA Style (last updated 2016)

Guerrero, Rafael. “Norovirus Confirmed in St. Charles East High School Outbreak.” Elgin Courier-News, Tribune Media, 17 January 2017, http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/elgin-courier-news/news/ct-ecn-st-charles-norovirus-st-0118-20170117-story.html.

SPOT THE ERRORS

Works Cited

Mei, Gina. “This High School Assigns Prom Dates Using a Lottery System.” Cosmopolitan, Hearst Communications, Inc. 21 March 2017.

Cady Lang. “Prom Dates are Randomly Assigned by Lottery at this

School So No One Gets Left Out.” TIME, Time Inc., 22 March 2017.

Lethlean, Beth. “Aquin Draws on 90-Year Tradition for Prom Dates.”

Journal Standard, Gatehouse Media, LLC. March 14 2017.

WHAT’S NEW?

OLD

Guerrero, Rafael. “Norovirus Confirmed in St. Charles East High School Outbreak.” Elgin Courier-News, Tribune Media. Web. 17 January 2017.

NEW

Guerrero, Rafael. “Norovirus Confirmed in St. Charles East High School Outbreak.” Elgin Courier-News, Tribune Media, 17 January 2017, http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/elgin-courier-news/news/ct-ecn-st-charles-norovirus-st-0118-20170117-story.html.

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• Works Cited must be double-spaced

• Title the page Works Cited (title is always centered in MLA Style)

• Sources are listed in alphabetical order (ideally by author’s last name, but if no author exists, then by title)

• Titles are either italicized (books/newspapers/magazines) or placed in quotation marks (short stories, poems, articles, web pages)

• Months may be abbreviated (be consistent)

• First line of each citation should be left-aligned; subsequent lines are indented 0.5”

• Always the last page of the paper/essay

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• Citation + Summary + Critique = Annotation in a Bibliography

Castoreno, Audrey. “Illinois High School Assigns Prom Dates with Lottery.” KENS 5 Eyewitness

News, KENS-TV, 24 March 2017, http://www.kens5.com/life/illinois-high-school-assigns-

prom-dates-with-lottery/425234147.

Castoreno reports on a lottery system used for 90 years at Aquin High School in Freeport,

Illinois. She explains that prom dates are assigned randomly through a drawing, after which

the male students perform skits to introduce themselves to their dates. The article is

accompanied by a 1:56 video that includes social media reactions to the tradition. While the

source initially seems thorough, Castoreno pulls most of her information from Yahoo News

and Twitter, rather than interviewing anyone at the school directly. Additionally, KENS 5

Eyewitness News is a local news station in San Antonio, Texas, which is quite far removed

from the source. At times, Castoreno seems mildly amused by the high school’s lottery

system, even laughing, which indicates some bias.

MUST HAVES

• Annotated bibliography must be double-spaced

• Title the page Annotated Bibliography and center the title

• Sources are listed in alphabetical order

• First line of each citation should be left-aligned; subsequent lines are indented 0.5”

• Under each citation, there is a paragraph of text (0.5” from the left) that summarizes the article, providing key details meant to jog your memory, and critiques the source

• Paragraph is always written in third person

• Annotated bibliography may be the last page of a paper/essay, but is more often a separate document

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• Address any of the following in your

critique:

– How credible/biased is the source?

– What are the article’s strengths and

weaknesses?

– How detailed/lengthy is the article?

• What information is most helpful?

• What is lacking?

– Are there any visuals/graphs that

accompany the article?

– How well are the arguments

supported? Cited?