Created by Dominik Naróg & Mateusz Zaucha. The most important Short history Optical microscope ...
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Transcript of Created by Dominik Naróg & Mateusz Zaucha. The most important Short history Optical microscope ...
Created by Dominik Naróg & Mateusz Zaucha
The most important
Short history
Optical microscope
Transmission electron miscroscope
Scanning electrone miscroscope
Some curiosities
The history of optical microscopy
Invented by Dutch spectacle-makers Hans Janssen and his son Zacharias Janssen (1590) or Galileo Galilei (1609)
Christian Huygens developed a simple 2-lens ocular system in the late 17th century that was achromatically corrected
The oldest (1630) published image known to have been made with a microscope
Development
Köhler illumination (XIX century)
A better and more visible image is seen due to the halogen lamp and a big amount of lenses.
Components of the optical microscope
Ocular lense
Objective turret
Optical element
Frame
Diaphragm and condenser lens Light
sourceFine adjustment
coarse adjustment
Stage
Old & New
Mirror reflecting sun rays
Modern light source
Electron microscope
Prototype constructed (400x magnification) by Max Knoll and Ernst Ruskain 1931
Transmission electron microscope (1939 – Siemens)
Scanning eletron microscope (1937 - Manfred von Ardenne)
contemporary electron microscope (2 000 000x magnification)
TEMAn
electron beam is created
emits electrons It is
condensed through the lenses and reaches the specimen
The beam is then diffused and reaches the screen where the image is preserved
SEMThe condensor and objective are condensing the electron beam
The electron beam reaches the sample which is covered with a gold layer
deflector*
*it changes the direction of the beam
The reflected electrons are caught by the detector and it changes the electron energy into an electric impulse
Electron microscope from the University of Gdańsk
The inside part of the microscope
How is the sample prepared? It must be dried
with a special drier using liquid CO2
Here the dry sample is being covered with 24 carate gold
Ready to research samples must be kept in dry conditions
Pictures made by electron microscopes
Pillies of a vorticella
Ant head
Curiosities
USB optical microscope
The best microscope in theWorld is „Titan Microscope”. It cost 15
mln $ and with it you can see even small electrons in atoms
Thank you for your attention
Dominik Naróg & Mateusz Zaucha