Craciun Research Final ANTHC Report Tobacco 021016 · 2016-04-12 · CHA!!!...

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ANTHC Tobacco Prevention

February 1, 2016

A M A R K E T R E S E A R C H S T U D Y

CRACIUN RESEARCH

©2016 Craciun Research. All rights reserved. All other trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners.

Craciun Research Anchorage. Seattle. San Francisco 206.708.4500 www.craciunresearch.com

Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 2

Background & Research Methods ................................................................................................. 3

Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 6

Research Findings ......................................................................................................................... 9

A. Smoking and Healthcare Professionals ............................................................................... 9

B. Smoking Thoughts and Opinions ....................................................................................... 12

C. Quit Smoking Advertisement ............................................................................................ 19

D. Smoking Experience .......................................................................................................... 22

E. Smoking and Health Concerns ........................................................................................... 29

F. Demographics .................................................................................................................... 36

Appendix ..................................................................................................................................... 37

A. Survey Instrument ............................................................................................................. 37

B. Other Responses ............................................................................................................... 42

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S


BACKGROUND Alaska Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC) has worked with Craciun Research Group Inc. (Craciun) over the past five years (2012-‐2016 on the Patient Perception study for Alaska Native Medical Center) to conduct its important studies regarding attitudes, opinions and behaviors related to healthcare in Alaska. This new project regarding Tobacco Prevention in the North Slope Borough (NSB) and the Craciun report enclosed is part of the deliverable to meet contract requirements from the original grant proposal submitted to the Office of Minority Health. We are well aware that this phone survey is intended to occur for four years of the grant cycle (through 2019). This information as well as the following was received by Jean Craciun from Dana Diehl, Program Manager, Tobacco Prevention & Control Program (TPCP). And I quote from the grant: Objective 1: Develop 2 culturally-‐relevant community awareness campaigns to increase knowledge and awareness about health effects of smoking by July 31, 2020. Strategy and Practice 1.1. Conduct NSB telephone survey regarding KAB about tobacco, top health concerns, barriers to quitting, and awareness of tobacco use prevention media. There were several meetings to ascertain details about information required for grant requirements. In attendance at these meetings was Dana Diehl, Program Manager and Romy Mohelsky, Epidemiologist, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Epidemiology Center. Craciun researchers were asked to conduct Secondary Research involving various tobacco prevention media campaigns to help determine the survey design. The following directives were received from Dana Diehl: The national CDC Tips from Former Smokers campaign has been running in Alaska for the last two years. The tag line is different for every tobacco-‐related condition the commercial addresses but they always end their messages with the 1-‐800-‐Quit-‐Now number. Here’s their campaign website: http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/index.html The State of Alaska, Tobacco Prevention Program has also been running some e-‐cigarette and Quit Line media. The most significant ads have been the E-‐cigs, not harmless, not healthy ad: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIwqmiCV5CI&feature=youtu.be. And the Journey ad: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9wZn3YNMBqg. The State always tags their stuff with the same phone number (1-‐800-‐Quit Now) and the following: “You can quit. We can help.” Craciun researchers were asked to review the BRFSS survey and the various State surveys specifically from the State of Alaska, Tobacco Prevention and Control. Since our company had conducted many similar surveys for numerous private and public agencies and organizations we were well suited to support ANTHC.

R E S E A R C H M E T H O D S


SURVEY INSTRUMENT The survey instrument was finalized after several drafts, which included reviews and suggested changes by Dana Diehl and Romy Mohelsky and final approval by Jean Craciun, Research Director. The survey instrument was carefully designed to obtain thoughtful answers from respondents while avoiding instrument bias. The pre-‐test sampling began November 24, 2015; data collection began and was interrupted by the holidays as per usual for the 4th quarter of any market research company. Interviews by phone were conducted til all telephone options were exhausted (as predicted by Craciun Research whom had conducted 3 studies in the NSB in the past year) a team of researchers were sent to Barrow Alaska to complete data collection January 22-‐27, 2016. The telephone survey averaged ten minutes in length. THE SAMPLE The random sample of one hundred (n=100) was drawn from Craciun Research database, several revised and updated phone books from NSB. Linguistic support was established and used as needed by Ronald H. Brower, Sr., Inupiaq Language Instructor Alaska Native Language Center. The respondents were screened to ensure they were all either smokers or non-‐smokers, and were Alaska Native/American Indian with primary residence in the North Slope Borough. Survey research is susceptible to human and mechanical errors such as interviewer recording and data handling errors. However, the standardized procedures used by Craciun Research eliminate such errors associated with paper and pencil methods thus keeping the human error potential to a minimum.

DATA ANALYSIS & REPORTING Members of the Craciun Research team, employed The Survey System Software for data collection and analysis.


Notes to Readers Included in the presentation of each response is a summary or example of any significant findings, followed by relevant tables. All percentages in the narrative are rounded to the nearest whole percentage point. Often times a few respondents fail to answer a question. Unless the percentage that failed to answer is significant, these people are not included in the totals upon which the percentages are based. Percentages in the tables occasionally do not add to exactly 100% because of rounding. Crosstabulations describe data that may be related in some way. In many crosstabulations, categories are combined or omitted because the numbers are too small to be statistically significant. This manipulation may change the totals on which percentages are based but does not affect the relationships between percentages. Crosstabulations may be used to indicate differences (or lack of differences) between subgroups of people. When a lack of difference is being shown, a footnote is appended to the table indicating that the differences are not “statistically significant”.1

1 Statistical significance is determined by using a chi-‐square test with a significance factor of less than .05. The chi square test is used by researchers to determine whether a result may be due to random variation, and is sensitive to sample size, since large random variation may occur in small samples.


2016 RESEARCH FINDINGS A. SMOKING AND HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS

• In the past 12 months 66% of respondents had an appointment with a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional.

• Three-‐quarters of our sample (78%) were asked by a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional if they smoked in the last 12 months.

• Fifty-‐eight percent (58%) of the current and never regular smokers, reported that they were advised by a healthcare professional to quit smoking.

B. SMOKING THOUGHTS AND OPINIONS • There is agreement (62%) in NSB that people have a right to smoke if they want to.

• It is not ok with 74% of the NSB residents in our survey if teenagers smoke.

• Sixty-‐six percent agree (52% strongly agree) that they do not like it when people smoke around them.

• Forty-‐one percent (41%) disagree with the statement “everyone smokes at my work” (34% neutral or no opinion).

• Almost half (49%) of NSB residents in our survey believe “more people in the Borough smoke than don’t”!

• “There are not enough Alaskans and Alaska Native Peoples in tobacco ads” 43% agree and 11% disagree, while a solid 46% had no opinion on the matter.

• Seventy-‐four percent (74%) reported that smoking was not allowed in their home.

• Two-‐thirds (66%) of the NSB study participants believe “even today, many people are not aware of the dangers of smoking cigarettes.”

• A full 78% of these residents reported that “there is just too much smoking around kids in our community.”

C. QUIT SMOKING ADVERTISEMENTS • A full 81% of these NSB residents, who were Alaska Native or American Indian, had read,

seen or heard something about quitting smoking in the last 60 days.

• In the North Slope Borough the television (81%) is the medium for hearing about smoking advertisements.

Ad Recall: • Seventy-‐two percent (72%) of respondents had read, seen or heard an advertisement

about the “Alaska Tobacco Quit Line.”

E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y


• Over half (53%) mentioned seeing or hearing the ad “1-‐800-‐QUIT NOW.”

• A quarter (26%) recalled ads about “Real stories from former smokers”.

D. SMOKING EXPERIENCE • Asked what their smoking experience was: 39% current; 11% never a regular smoker;

used to smoke regularly, but quit 22% and never smoked 28%.

• Seventy-‐six percent (76%) of these Alaskan smokers would like to quit!

• Sixty-‐two percent (62%) NSB smoking residents have tried to quit in the last 12 months. And clearly half (50%) are planning to quit in the next year or sooner (28% within the next year).

• The primary reasons that might help someone want to quit are: you believe it is bad for your health (37%); someone close to them died from it (35%); knowing smoking causes cancer (33%). Secondarily, that a doctor, nurse, health aide, health professional said they would provide you with help through medication and counseling (20%).

• For those who reported that they quit, it took between 2-‐5 years (50%) of trying before

succeeding.

• Asked of those who had quit what the reason actually was that helped them: 27% reported it was bad for my health; 19% knew someone who died from smoking; and 31% gave specific details of their life circumstance (please see Other Responses in the Appendix).

E. SMOKING AND HEALTH CONCERNS TOP HEALTH CONCERNS FACING NSB RESIDENTS:

• 40% cancer

• 28% smoking

• 16% suicide

OVERALL HARM TO OUR HEALTH BY SMOKING

• 96% believe smoking is linked to cancer.

• 88% linked to heart disease.

• 95% think it contributes to breathing problems.

• 54% link it to diabetes.


• 93% believe smoking shortens your life expectancy.

• 80% agree that smoking is linked to high blood pressure.

• Finally, ninety-‐four percent (94%) of these NSB survey respondents who were Alaska Native/American Indian report that “secondhand smoke causes breathing problems in children


A. SMOKING AND HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS

Question: In the past 12 months have you had an appointment with a doctor, nurse, health

aide or other health professional? CHART A1.1: HEALTH APPOINTMENT

Value Percent Count

Yes 66% 66

No 30% 30

Not sure/don't know/refused 4% 4

Total 100

66%

30%

4%

Yes No Not sure/don't know/refused

R E S E A R C H F I N D I N G S


Question: During the past 12 months, did any doctor, nurse, health aide or other health

professional ask if you smoked? CHART A2.1: ASKED IF SMOKED

Value Percent Count

Yes 78% 78

No 21% 21

Not Sure/Don't Know/Refused 1% 1

Total 100

78%

21%

1%

Yes No Not Sure/Don't Know/Refused


Question: In the past 12 months, has a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional

advised you to quit smoking? (Asked of people who either “current smokers” or reported that they were “never a regular smoker”.)

CHART A3.1: ADVISED TO QUIT SMOKING

Value Percent Count

Yes 58% 29

No 30% 15

Don't recall/Refused/No answer 12% 6

Total 50

58% 30%

12%

Yes No Don't recall/Refused/No answer


B. SMOKING THOUGHTS AND OPINIONS

Question: Now I would like to get your opinions about life. Please tell me whether you strongly

agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree with the following statements: [ANSWER CATEGORIES FOR ALL] Strongly agree, Somewhat agree, Neutral/No Opinion, Somewhat disagree, Strongly disagree

[ASK LIST AT RANDOM] People have a right to smoke if they want to. It is ok with me if teenagers smoke. Everyone smokes at my work. More people smoke in the Borough than don’t. There are not enough local people in those tobacco ads. Smoking is allowed in my home. Even today, many people are not aware of the dangers of smoking cigarettes. There is just too much smoking around kids in our community. I do not like people to smoke around me. CHART B1.1: PEOPLE HAVE A RIGHT TO SMOKE IF THEY WANT TO.

3%

12%

23%

31%

31%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No opinion

Somewhat Agree

Somewhat Agree


CHART B1.2: ITS OK WITH ME IF TEENAGERS SMOKE.

CHART B1.3: I DO NOT LIKE PEOPLE TO SMOKE AROUND ME.

CHART B1.4: EVERYONE SMOKES AT MY WORK.

74%

15%

6%

4%

1%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree

6%

7%

21%

14%

52%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree

13%

28%

34%

21%

4%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree


CHART B1.5: MORE PEOPLE IN THE BOROUGH SMOKE THAN DON'T.

CHART B1.6: THERE ARE NOT ENOUGH ALASKANS OR ALASKA NATIVE PEOPLE IN THE TOBACCO

ADS.

CHART B1.7: SMOKING IS ALLOWED IN MY HOME.

3%

10%

38%

33%

16%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree

6%

5%

46%

22%

21%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree

64%

10%

7%

11%

8%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree


CHART B1.8: EVEN TODAY, MANY PEOPLE ARE NOT AWARE OF THE DANGERS OF SMOKING CIGARETTES.

CHART B1.9: THERE IS JUST TOO MUCH SMOKING AROUND THE KIDS IN OUR COMMUNITY.

5%

12%

17%

35%

31%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree

3%

7%

12%

33%

45%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree


People have a right to smoke if they want to. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 31% 31 Somewhat Agree 31% 31 Neutral/No opinion 23% 23 Somewhat Disagree 12% 12 Strongly Disagree 3% 3

Total 100 It’s OK with me if teenagers smoke. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 1% 1 Somewhat Agree 4% 4 Neutral/No Opinion 6% 6 Somewhat Disagree 15% 15 Strongly Disagree 74% 74 Total 100 I do not like people to smoke around me. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 52% 52 Somewhat Agree 14% 14 Neutral/No Opinion 21% 21 Somewhat Disagree 7% 7 Strongly Disagree 6% 6 Total 100 Everyone smokes at my work. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 4% 4 Somewhat Agree 21% 21 Neutral/No Opinion 34% 34 Somewhat Disagree 28% 28 Strongly Disagree 13% 13

Total 100


More people in the Borough smoke than don't! Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 16% 16 Somewhat Agree 33% 33 Neutral/No Opinion 38% 38 Somewhat Disagree 10% 10 Strongly Disagree 3% 3

Total 100 There are not enough Alaskans or Alaska Native people in the tobacco ads. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 21% 21 Somewhat Agree 22% 22 Neutral/No Opinion 46% 46 Somewhat Disagree 5% 5 Strongly Disagree 6% 6 Total 100 Smoking is allowed in my home. Value Percent Count Strongly Disagree 64% 64 Somewhat Disagree 10% 10 Neutral/No Opinion 7% 7 Somewhat Agree 11% 11 Strongly Agree 8% 8 Total 100 Even today, many people are not aware of the dangers of smoking cigarettes. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 31% 31 Somewhat Agree 35% 35 Neutral/No Opinion 17% 17 Somewhat Disagree 12% 12 Strongly Disagree 5% 5

Total 100


There is just too much smoking around the kids in our community.

Value Percent Count

Strongly Agree 45% 45 Somewhat Agree 33% 33 Neutral/No Opinion 12% 12 Somewhat Disagree 7% 7 Strongly Disagree 3% 3 Total 100


C. QUIT SMOKING ADVERTISEMENT

Question: In the past 60 days, have you read, seen or heard anything about quitting smoking? CHART C1.1: SEEN QUIT SMOKING ADS

81%

15%

4%

Yes No Don't Know/Unsure

Value Percent Count

Yes 81% 81

No 15% 15

Don't Know/Unsure 4% 4

Total 100


Question: Where did you see or hear about the smoking ad? [CHECK ALL THAT APPLY] CHART C2.1: LOCATIONS OF ADS

Value Percent Count

TV 81.3% 65

Radio 28.8% 23

Newspaper 20.0% 16

Online (website or email) 20.0% 16

Social media, like Facebook, etc 26.3% 21

Other -‐ Write In 15.0% 12

Don't Recall/Unsure 2.5% 2

Total 80

3%

15%

20%

20%

26%

29%

81%

Don't Recall/Unsure

Other

Newspaper

Online (website or email)

Social media, like Facebook, etc

Radio

TV


Question: Which of the following ads and messages do you recall hearing? CHART C3.1: TYPE OF ADS SEEN

Value Percent Count

Alaska Tobacco Quit Line 71.6% 58

1-‐800-‐QUIT NOW 53.1% 43

“You can quit. We can help.” 18.5% 15

The Truth about Tobacco 17.3% 14

Real stories from former smokers 25.9% 21

Tips from former smokers 7.4% 6

“Keep it Fresh-‐Live Tobacco-‐Free” 3.7% 3

Do not recall specifics/Unsure 6.2% 5


Total 81

4%

4%

6%

7%

17%

19%

26%

53%

72%

“Keep it Fresh-‐Live Tobacco-‐Free”

Other

Do not recall specifics/Unsure

Tips from former smokers

The Truth about Tobacco

“You can quit. We can help.”

Real stories from former smokers

1-‐800-‐QUIT NOW

Alaska Tobacco Quit Line


D. SMOKING EXPERIENCE

Question: Please describe your current cigarette smoking experience. Are you a... CHART D1.1: SMOKING STATUS

Value Percent Count

Current Smoker 39% 39

Used to smoke regularly, but quit 22% 22

Never a regular smoker 11% 11

Never smoked 28% 28

Total 100

39%

22%

11%

28%

Current Smoker Used to smoke regularly, but quit

Never a regular smoker Never smoked


Question: Would you like to quit smoking? (Smokers and Never a regular smoker) CHART D2.1: QUIT SMOKING

Value Percent Count

Yes 76% 38

No 8% 4

Don't Know/Unsure 16% 8

Total 50

76% 8%

16%

Yes No Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused


Question: Have you tried to quit smoking in the last 12 months? (Smokers and Never a Regular

Smoker) CHART D3.1: ATTEMPT TO QUIT IN LAST 12 MONTHS

Value Percent Count

Yes 62% 31

No 34% 17

Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused 4% 2

Total 50

62%

34%

4%



Question: Do you plan to quit smoking in the next 30 days, 6 months, within the next year?

(Smokers and Never Regular Smoker) CHART D4.1: PLAN TO QUIT

Value Percent Count

Within the next 30 days 10% 5

Within the next 6 months 12% 6

Within the next year 28% 14

Later than a year 4% 2

Do not smoke now or quit 8% 4


Total 50

38%

8%

4%

28%

12%

10%

Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused

Do not smoke now or quit

Later than a year

Within the next year

Within the next 6 months

Within the next 30 days


Question: Of the following reasons, please let me know if you think any of them would help you

want to quit. (Smokers and Never a Regular Smoker)[ACCEPT ALL THAT APPLY] Someone you were close to died from it You believed it was bad for your health Someone asked you or told you to You just couldn’t afford it anymore Doctor, nurse, health aide, other health professional said they would provide you with

help through medication and counseling. Knowing smoking causes cancer as well as other health problems Don’t know/not sure/no answer CHART D5.1: REASONS TO QUIT

Value Percent Count

You believed it was bad for your health 36.9% 17

Someone you were close to died from it 34.7% 16

Knowing smoking causes cancer as well as other health problems 32.6% 15

Health professional provide help through medications/counseling. 19.5% 9

You just couldn’t afford it anymore 17.3% 8

Someone asked you or told you to 10.8% 5

Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused 6.5% 3


Total 46

7%

11%

17%

20%

33%

35%

37%

Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused

Someone asked you or told you to

You just couldn’t afford it anymore

Health professional provide medicauons and

Knowing smoking causes cancer

Someone you were close to died from it

You believed it was bad for your health


Question: How long ago did you try to quit before succeeding? CHART D6.1: HOW LONG DID YOU QUIT

Value Percent Count

Within the last month/30 days 3.9% 1

Within the last 2 months/31-‐60 days 0.0% 0

Within the last 3 months/61-‐90 days 0.0% 0

Within the last year/more than 3 months 3.9% 1

A year ago 3.9% 1

2-‐3 years 26.9% 7

4-‐5 years 23.1% 6

6-‐10 years 11.5% 3

11-‐30 years 19.2% 5

Longer 0.0% 0

Don't recall/Not Sure/Refused 7.7% 2

Total 26

8%

19%

12%

23%

27%

4%

4%

4%

Don't recall/Not Sure/Refused

11-‐30 years

6-‐10 years

4-‐5 years

2-‐3 years

A year ago

Within the last year/more than 3 months

Within the last month/30 days


Question: Which of these reasons helped you quit? [READ LIST. ACCEPT MULTIPLE ANSWERS] Someone you were close to died from it You believed it was bad for your health Someone asked or told you to You couldn’t afford it anymore Doctor, nurse, health aide, or other health professional who provided you with QUIT

medications and/or counseling. I knew smoking caused cancer as well as other health problems Other [SPECIFY] Don’t know/not sure/no answer CHART D7.1: REASON FOR QUITTING

Value Percent Count

Someone you were close to died from it 19.2% 5

You believed it was bad for your health 26.9% 7

Someone asked or told you to 0.0% 0

You couldn’t afford it anymore 3.9% 1

Health professional provided you with medications/ counseling. 7.7% 2

I knew smoking caused cancer as well as other health problems 11.5% 3


Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused 0.0% 0

Total 26

4%

8%

12%

19%

27%

31%

You couldn’t afford it anymore

Health professional provided you with QUIT medicauons and/or counseling.

I knew smoking caused cancer as well as other health problems

Someone you were close to died from it

You believed it was bad for your health

Other


E. SMOKING AND HEALTH CONCERNS

Question: Of the following health concerns facing North Slope borough residents, which ONE is

the biggest problem? CHART E1.1: BIGGEST HEALTH CONCERN

Value Percent Count

Cancer 40% 40

Smoking 28% 28

Suicide 16% 16

Obesity 9% 9

Other -‐ Write In 7% 7

Total 100

40%

28%

16% 9% 7%

Cancer Smoking Suicide Obesity Other


Question: Finally, I would like to get your opinions about overall harm to our health from

cigarette smoking. Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree that smoking is linked to the following health issues: [ANSWER CATEGORIES FOR ALL] Strongly agree, Somewhat agree, Neutral/No Opinion, Somewhat disagree, Strongly disagree

[ASK LIST AT RANDOM] Smoking is linked to cancer. Smoking is linked to Heart Disease. Smoking contributes to Breathing Problems. Smoking is linked to Diabetes. Smoking shortens your life expectancy. Smoking is linked to High Blood Pressure. CHART E2.1: SMOKING IS LINKED TO CANCER.

0%

2%

2%

21%

75%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree


CHART E2.2: SMOKING IS LINKED TO HEART DISEASE.

CHART E2.3: SMOKING CONTRIBUTES TO BREATHING PROBLEMS.

CHART E2.4: SMOKING IS LINKED TO DIABETES.

1%

1%

10%

28%

60%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree

2%

2%

10%

14%

81%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree

5%

3%

38%

36%

18%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somwhat Agree

Strongly Agree


CHART E2.5: SMOKING SHORTENS YOUR LIFE EXPECTANCY.

CHART E2.6: SMOKING IS LINKED TO HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE.

0%

2%

5%

19%

74%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree

0%

2%

18%

36%

44%

Strongly Disagree

Somewhat Disagree

Neutral/No Opinion

Somewhat Agree

Strongly Agree


Smoking is linked to cancer. Value Percent Count

Strongly Agree 75% 75 Somewhat Agree 21% 21 Neutral/No opinion 2% 2 Somewhat Disagree 2% 2 Strongly Disagree 0% 0 Total 100 Smoking is linked to Heart Disease.

Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 60% 60 Somewhat Agree 28% 28 Neutral/No Opinion 10% 10 Somewhat Disagree 1% 1 Strongly Disagree 1% 1 Total 100 Smoking contributes to Breathing Problems.

Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 81% 81 Somewhat Agree 14% 14 Neutral/No Opinion 1% 1 Somewhat Disagree 2% 2 Strongly Disagree 2% 2 Total 100 Smoking is linked to Diabetes.

Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 18% 18 Somewhat Agree 36% 36 Neutral/No Opinion 38% 38 Somewhat Disagree 3% 3 Strongly Disagree 5% 5 Total 100


Smoking shortens your life expectancy. Value Percent Count

Strongly Agree 74% 74 Somewhat Agree 19% 19 Neutral/No opinion 5% 5 Somewhat Disagree 2% 2 Strongly Disagree 0% 0 Total 100 Smoking is linked to High Blood Pressure.

Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 44% 44 Somewhat Agree 36% 36 Neutral/No Opinion 18% 18 Somewhat Disagree 2% 2 Strongly Disagree 0% 0 Total 100


Question: Do you believe that secondhand smoke causes breathing problems in children? CHART E3.1: SECONDHAND SMOKE AND CHILDREN

Value Percent Count

Yes 94% 94

No 2% 2


Total 100

94%

2% 4%



F. DEMOGRAPHICS

TABLE F1.1: DEMOGRAPHICS Percent Count

Gender

Male 50% 50

Female 50% 50

Age

18-‐35 40% 40

36-‐50 26% 26

51-‐65 24% 24

66+ 10% 10

Education

Less than high school or GED 13% 13

Graduated high school 25% 25

Some college or technical school 44% 44

Bachelor's degree 13% 13

Post-‐graduate degree 3% 3

Graduated high school 2% 2

Ethnicity

Inuit, Inupiaq 77% 77

Cupik 0% 0

Yupik, Central Yupik, Siberian Yupik 4% 4

Athabaskan 0% 0

Aleut, Alutiq 0% 0

Tlingit, Haida, Tshimshian, Eyak 0% 0

Other Alaska Native or Mixed Alaskan Native 15% 15

American Indian/Native American 4% 4


A. SURVEY INSTRUMENT

ANTHC Tobacco Survey FINAL Approved by Jean Craciun, Research Director 11/24/2015

1. Hello my name is ________ and I'm with Craciun Research, an Anchorage company which conducts surveys with the people of Alaska. Your phone number was randomly selected; this interview should take about ten minutes. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential and I can answer any questions you may have once we’re done. Let’s see if you qualify. [IF THEY DO NOT UNDERSTAND ENGLISH CAPTURE NUMBER TO BE CALLED BACK BY LINGUIST]

2. [CODE FOR GENDER, ASKING FOR CLARIFICATION IF NEEDED] 1. Male 2. Female 3. For this survey, we’re only interviewing people who are at least 18 years old – so before we

start, would you please confirm your age by telling me what year you were born _ _ _ _? [MUST BE 18 YEARS OLD]

4. Is your primary residence the North Slope Borough? 1 YES, 2 NO [IF NO, ASK FOR SOMEONE ELSE IN THE HOUSEHOLD]

5. And are you [READ LIST. MUST BE ALASKA NATIVE/AMERICAN INDIAN ANSWER ACCEPT 1-‐8]: 1. Inuit, Inupiaq [IN-‐uh-‐PEE-‐ack] 2. Cupik 3. Yupik, [YOU-‐pick] Central Yupik, Siberian Yupik 4. Athabaskan 5. Aleut, Alutiq [ah-‐LOO-‐tik] 6. Tlingit, Haida, Tshimshian, Eyak 7. Other Alaska Native, Mixed Alaskan Native 8. American Indian/Native American 9. White/Caucasian [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 10. Asian-‐American, Pacific Islander [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 11. Latino/Latina, Hispanic [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 12. Black/African-‐American [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 13. Mixed race or ethnicity (Non-‐Hispanic) [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 14. Refused [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE]

6. This survey is being conducted on behalf of Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium and the North Slope Borough Health Department it is about health issues and tobacco. To begin with, in the past 12 months have you seen a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional to get any kind of care for yourself?

1. Yes

A P P E N D I X


2. No 3. Not sure/don’t know/refused

7. During the past 12 months, did any doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional ask if

you smoke? 1. Yes 2. No 3. Not sure/don’t know/refused

8. [CURRENT SMOKER and NEVER REGULAR SMOKER] In the past 12 months, has a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional advised you to quit smoking?

1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t recall/refused/no answer

9. Now I would like to get your opinions about life. Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree with the following statements:

[ANSWER CATEGORIES FOR ALL] Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral, no opinion Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree

[ASK LIST AT RANDOM] 10. People have a right to smoke if they want to. 11. It is ok with me if teenagers smoke 12. Everyone smokes at my work. 13. More people smoke in the Borough than don’t! 14. There are not enough local people in those tobacco ads! 15. Smoking is allowed in my home. 16. Even today, many people are not aware of the dangers of smoking cigarettes. 17. There is just too much smoking around kids in our community. 18. I do not like people to smoke around me.

[END OF RANDOM LIST] 19. Now I would like to know if you think smoking is dangerous to your health?

1. Yes 2. No 3. Maybe 4. Not sure/don’t know/refused

20. In the past 60 days, have you read, seen or heard anything about quitting smoking? 1. Yes 2. No


3. Don't know/ Unsure 4. Refused

21. [IF YES] Where did you hear about it? [INCLUDE ALL THAT APPLY] 1. TV 2. Radio 3. Newspaper 4. Online (website or email) 5. Social Media, like Facebook etc. 6. Other (specify) 7. Don’t know/no answer/refused

22. And of the following ads and messages which one/ones do you recall hearing? [ROTATE ORDER; YES OR NO FOR EACH]

1. Alaska Tobacco Quit Line 2. 1-‐800-‐QUIT NOW 3. “You can quit. We can help.” 4. The Truth about Tobacco 5. Real stories from former smokers 6. Tips from former smokers 7. “Keep it Fresh-‐Live Tobacco-‐Free” 8. Other specify [INTERVIEWER INSTRUCTION: push for recall] 9. Do not recall specifics/don’t know/no answer/refused

23. Please describe your cigarette smoking experience. [READ LIST] 1. Current smoker [CONTINUE] 2. Used to smoke regularly, but quit [SKIP TO Q22] 3. Never a regular smoker [SKIP TO Q21] 4. Never smoked [SKIP TO 25] 5. No answer/Don’t know/refused

24. Would you like to quit smoking? 1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t know / Not sure / Refused

25. Have you tried to quit smoking in the last 12 months? 1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t know/ not sure / refused

26. [CURRENT SMOKERS; NEVER REGULAR] Do you plan to quit smoking in the next 30 days, 6 months, within the next year?

1. Within the next 30 days [SKIP TO Q23] 2. Within the next 6 months [SKIP TO Q23] 3. Within the next year [SKIP TO Q23]


4. Later than a year [SKIP TO Q23] 5. Do not smoke now/quit [CONTINUE] 6. 5, Don’t know/not sure/refused

27. [IF QUIT; NEVER REGULAR] How long did you try to quit before succeeding? [ACCEPT ONE ANSWER]

1. Within the last month/30 days 2. Within the last 2 months/31-‐60 days 3. Within the last 3 months/61-‐90 days 4. Within the last year/more than 3 months-‐almost a year 5. A year ago 6. 2-‐3 years 7. 4 to 5 years 8. 6 -‐10 years 9. 11 to 30 years ago 10. 31 to 50 years ago 11. Longer 12. Don’t recall/Don’t know/not sure/refused

28. [CURRENT SMOKER] Of the following reasons, please let me know if you think any of them would help you want to quit. [ACCEPT ALL THAT APPLY]

1. Someone you were close to died from it 2. You believed it was bad for your health 3. Someone asked you or told you to 4. You just couldn’t afford it anymore 5. Doctor, nurse, health aide, other health professional said they would provide you with

help through medication and counseling. 6. Knowing smoking causes cancer as well as other health problems 7. Other [SPECIFY] 8. Don’t know/not sure/no answer

29. [IF QUIT] Which of these reasons helped you quit? [READ LIST. ACCEPT MULTIPLE ANSWERS][ROTATE LIST]

1. Someone you were close to died from it 2. You believed it was bad for your health 3. Someone asked or told you to 4. You couldn’t afford it anymore 5. Doctor, nurse, health aide, or other health professional who provided you with QUIT

medications and/or counseling. 6. I knew smoking caused cancer as well as other health problems 7. Other [SPECIFY] 8. Don’t know/not sure/no answer

30. [ASK ALL] What is the ONE biggest health concern facing NSB residents? [ACCEPT ONLY ONE


ANSWER] [ASK LIST AT RANDOM] 1. Cancer 2. Smoking 3. Suicide 4. Obesity 5. Other specify

31. Finally, I would like to get your opinions about overall harm to our health from cigarette smoking. Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree that smoking is linked to the following health issues:

[ANSWER CATEGORIES FOR ALL] Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral, no opinion Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree

32. Cancer 33. Heart disease 34. Breathing problems 35. Diabetes 36. Shortened life expectancy 37. High blood pressure

[END RANDOM LIST] 38. 33. Do you believe that secondhand smoke causes breathing problems in children?

1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t know/refused/no answer

39. 34. And finally, for statistical purposes. How many years of formal education have you had the opportunity to complete?

1. Less than high school or GED 2. High School graduate or GED 3. Some college or technical school 4. Four Year degree 5. Post graduate degree

That is all of my questions for today; thank you for your time and consideration. If you would like to discuss the project with our Research Director please call Jean Craciun 907-‐279-‐3982


B. OTHER RESPONSES

Chart C2.1 Where did you see or hear about the smoking ad? A person from ANSA Ad on bulletin Hospital Treatment Center bulletin board dumpster Chart C3.1 Which of the following ads and messages do you recall hearing? Doctors and nurses NSB hospital ad smokeless tobacco Chart D7.1 Which of these reasons helped you quit? Had a dream that I quit and then only had i cig in the pack Health I quit when I was pregnant with my first child I wanted to live long enough to see my grandchildren born Planning on having a child after cancer operation asthma suffer to quit tobacco Chart E1.1 Of the following health concerns facing North Slope borough residents, which ONE is the biggest problem? [READ LIST, ACCEPT ONLY ONE ANSWER] Alcohol Diabetes Drugs Lack of education about what they put in your body Losing our values Teen smoking Use of Crystal Meth

Craciun Research Final ANTHC Report Tobacco 021016 · 2016-04-12 · CHA!!!...

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Transcript of Craciun Research Final ANTHC Report Tobacco 021016 · 2016-04-12 · CHA!!!...