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Transcript of CPR/First Aid › userfiles › 1368 › Classes › 14939 › CPR...CPR/FA Lesson 01 23 First Aid...
CPR/First Aid
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Lesson 01Introduction & Before Giving Care
Get Involved
Someday you may have to deal with an emergency situation.
Over 40 million injury-related visits
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Over 40 million injury-related visits are made to emergency departments.
Injuries are the leading cause of death and disability in children and young adults.
Over 70 millionpeople in the U.S. have cardiovascular disease.CV disease causes about 700,000 deaths
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CV disease causes about 700,000 deaths in the U.S. each year. (Over 33% of all deaths annually!)About 700,000 Americans have strokes each year, and over 160,000 people will die as a result of the stroke.
Recognizing Emergencies
Your senses—hearing, sight and smell—may help you recognize an
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emergency. Emergencies are often signaled by something unusual that catches your attention.
Unusual Sights
A stopped carBroken glassOverturned pot in the
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Overturned pot in the kitchenSpilled medicines/pillsDowned electrical wiresSmoke, fire
Unusual Appearance or Behavior
UnconsciousConfused or unusual behaviorTrouble breathing
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Trouble breathingClutching chest/throatSlurred speech, confusion, drowsinessExcessive sweatingUncharacteristic skin color
Unusual Noises
Screaming, yelling, calling for help
Breaking glass,
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Breaking glass, screeching tires
Sudden, loud or unidentifiable sounds
Unusual silence
Unusual Odors
Odors stronger than usual
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Unrecognizable odors
Inappropriate odors
Recognizing Emergencies
The following acronym is helpful in remembering the signs of possible emergency:
B =Behavior
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B =BehaviorA =AppearanceS =SightsO =OdorsN =Noises
You and the EmergencyMedical System
Calling 911/local emergency number is the
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number is the most important step you can take in an emergency.
Your Role in the EMS System
Recognizethat an emergency exists.
Decideto act.
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Decideto act.
Call 911or your local emergency number for help.
Provide careuntil help arrives.
Deciding to Act
Common factors that influence a person’s response to an emergency-
Presence of other people.
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Presence of other people.Type of injury/illness.Fear of contracting a disease.Fear of doing something wrong.Fear of being sued.
EMS & The Chain of Survival
The Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system is a network of community resources.
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resources.
1. Citizen Responder-recognizes that an emergency exists.
2. Call for Help-911/local emergency #
EMS & The Chain of Survival (cont)
3. First Responder Care-the first trained person to come to the scene and render assistance.
4. EMT Care-a team of emergency personnel
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4. EMT Care-a team of emergency personnel that give care at the scene, then transports the victim.
5. Hospital Care & Rehab-ER staff & professionals take over.
Getting Permission to Give Care
You must have the victim’s permission before giving care.
You must tell the victim who you are
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You must tell the victim who you are and the training that you have.
Do not give care to a conscious victim who refuses it.
Getting Permission to Give Care(cont)
If your victim is a child/infant, you should obtain permission from the parent/guardian if possible.
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Permission is implied if the condition is life-threatening to an child/infant and a parent/guardian is not present.Permission is also implied if the victim is unconscious or unable to respond.
Good Samaritan Laws
All 50 states have enacted Good Samaritan Laws. These laws give legal protection to people who provide emergency care, and
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protect them from financial responsibility.
When a citizen responds to an emergency and acts as a “reasonable & prudent person” would under the same conditions, Good Samaritan immunity generally prevails.
Good Samaritan Laws (cont)
A “Good Samaritan” should use common sense and a reasonablelevel of skill, and to
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level of skill, and to provide only the type of emergency first aid/care for which they are trained.
Good Samaritan Laws (cont)
Ask a conscious victim for permissionto help or provide care.
Move a victim only if the victim’s life
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Move a victim only if the victim’s life is in danger.
Check the victim for life-threatening conditions before providing care.
Good Samaritan Laws (cont)
Summon emergency help.
Continue to provide care until more highly trained personnel arrive.
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highly trained personnel arrive.
First Aid & Disease Transmission
By following basic guidelines, you can reduce disease transmission.
Avoid contact with body fluids.
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Avoid contact with body fluids.
Use protective barriers.
Cover any cuts you may have.
Do not touch objects soiled with blood.
Wash immediately after providing care.
Learn the Facts About AIDS
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Once the virus enter the body, it can grow in the body
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virus enter the body, it can grow in the body for months or years.The disease is transmitted through direct contact with the blood stream. (Examples are blood, semen, vaginal fluids or breast milk of an infected mother.)
Learn the Facts
Prevention: your own behavior can put you at risk for being infected with HIV, HBV and HCV. Sharing needles or having unprotected sex.
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unprotected sex.First Aid Precautions: always give care in ways that protect you and the victim from disease transmission.Testing: If you think you have put yourself at risk, get tested.
Be Prepared in an Emergency
Know your local emergency numbers, post these numbers by your phone.
Keep family medical information &
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Keep family medical information & insurance records up to date and in a handy place.
Keep a first aid kit/supplies in your home.
Be Prepared in an Emergency (cont)
Learn first aid & how to use an AED.Make sure the numbers on your house are easy to read.
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easy to read.
Install smoke and carbon monoxide detectors in your home/apartment.
Have an emergency evacuation plan for your home in case of fire, flood, etc.