CPP Exam Preparation Emergency Management

Exam Overview:

6% of exam is based on the “emergency management” subject area.

Tests knowledge of implementation, plan development, and types of emergencies.

Exam reference publications:– Emergency Planning Handbook

– Handbook of Loss Prevention & Crime Prevention

– Protection of Assets Manual ( Chap. 10, 13, 18, 22, 26)

– Introduction to Security

Plan Development

Primary Considerations

Why Emergency Planning ?

3 Primary Goals :– Protection Of Lives– Protection Of Property– Restoration Of Operations

“Be Prepared” -- Consider probabilities of each type of disaster occurring.

Government & industry must share burden of protecting public.

Threat Scenarios

Most serious industrial hazards :– Fire– Explosion

Most common emergencies :– Fire– Bomb threat– Labor dispute

Stages of Emergency Planning

Anticipate Emergency Provide for Responsive Action Return to Normal Operations

Planning Basics

Emergency plans should be in writing Follow KISS principle -- provide specific &

precise actions No new organizations created! Identify who can declare emergency Identify the Emergency Coordinator Ensure continuity of leadership

Planning Basics

Basic plan has 3 essential elements:– Authority– Types of emergencies– Execution

Outline plant shutdown procedures Evacuation routes must remain consistent

for all threats Test plan annually -- brief every employee!

Advanced Planning

Mutual Aid Association– Cooperative organization of industrial, business

and local government emergency services, united by a voluntary agreement to assist each other during an emergency.

– Identifies pooled community resources– Provides for standardized equipment & training – Requires substantial funding

Advanced Planning

Create an Emergency Command Center :– Maps/Procedure charts/Call-up lists/MAA’s– Back-up power and communications gear– Disaster response and medical gear

Identify PR person to coordinate media EDP backup sites-- hot, warm, cold Preserve vital records (2%) -- bylaws, board

minutes, stock transactions, financial data

Types of Emergencies

Natural and Man-Made

Natural Disasters Tornadoes

– 5 classifications based on wind speeds (F1-F5) of 200-400 mph. Ground speeds of 30-70 mph.

– Width up to a mile. Travel up to 30 miles.– “ Tornado Watch” : tornado expected– “ Tornado Warning” : tornado sighted in area

Thunderstorms– “Severe” : heavy rain, hail, & winds > 50 mph– “Severe watch” : projected winds > 75 mph

Natural Disasters Floods

– “Flash flood watch” : flooding is possible– “Flash flood warning” : flooding is about to

occur

Hurricanes (heavy rains w/ winds >74 mph)– 5 categories based on wind speeds – “Watch” : expected within 36 hours– “Warning” expected within 24 hours

Natural Disasters Snow storm

– “Heavy snow warning” : 4”/12 hrs or 6”/24 hrs– “Severe blizzard warning” : >45mph winds &

<10 F temperature (blizzard is >35 mph winds)

Earthquakes– Unpredictable. Can last as long as 5 minutes. – If inside -- stay there. Seek cover under heavy

furniture in the center of the building . – “TSUNAMI” are tidal waves caused by

underwater earthquakes.

Man-Made Disasters

Plant fires Bomb threats Labor unrest Terrorism Sabotage Chemical/radiological accidents Transportation accidents Public demonstrations & civil disturbances

Man-Made Disasters : Plant Fire

Causes are preventable:– Carelessness – Ignorance

Most are electrical in origin Most fatalities are a result of toxic gas

inhalation, followed by death from smoke inhalation and high temperatures.

Man-Made Disasters : Plant Fire

The Fire Triangle : – heat, fuel, oxygen, & a chemical reaction

Fire Classifications: – Class A: ash-producing fire (paper, rags, wood)– Class B : volatile fluid fire (gas, oil, grease)– Class C : electrical fire– Class D :combustible metals (magnesium)

Man-Made Disasters : Plant Fire

Extinguishing agents :– Class A : Water or water fog– Class B : Foam agents in water or “range guard” – Class C : CO2 extinguisher– Class D : Sand or PKP

Sprinkler systems– Type : Wet pipe & Dry pipe– Operate at temperatures between 130-160 F

Man-Made Disasters : Plant Fire

Fire sensor systems : 4 basic fire stages – Ionization detector : no-smoke incipient stage– Photoelectric smoke detector : smoldering stage– Infrared flame detector : visible flame stage– Thermal detector : significant heat stage

Develop MAA’s to cope with major fires Key to effective fire fighting is quick

response and rapid containment

Man-Made Disasters : Bomb Threats

Security nightmare vs. a 98% hoax Create a “Bomb Threat Checklist” (ATF)

– Who? What? Where? When ? Why?– Get description of voice & background noises

Security options (Who decides ?):– Ignore– Search, then decide on evacuation– Partial search and evacuation – Complete evacuation and then search

Man-Made Disasters : Bomb Threats

A search must be made after every call ! Evacuation decision based on :

– Whether bomb actually found.– Other compelling evidence bomb threat is real.

Bomb threat notification :– Search and evacuation parties– Local authorities– FBI and other federal agencies– Medical facilities, neighbors, utilities

Man-Made Disasters : Bomb Threats

Access control over the entry of personnel and material is the key countermeasure

C3 very important during a search If suspicious object found :

– Only EOD personnel touch or use bomb blanket to isolate IED.

– Establish 300’ clear zone including the floors above and below.

– Leave doors and windows open to vent blast

Man-Made Disasters :Strike

NLRA/Wagner Act governs strikes :– Strike: concerted refusal by employees to work

in an attempt to force an employer to meet certain demands.

– “Economic strike” requires 60 day notice.– “Unfair labor practice” : Allegations employer

violated fair labor practices. Striking employees must be allowed to return to work (often occurs suddenly).

Man-Made Disasters : Strike

Key management decision : Shut down or continue business operations ?

Strike preparation (TIPS approach)– Know direct/indirect costs– Know NRLB rulings requirements– Early preparation/intervention is best

Security’s role must be carefully defined. Work with local police to avoid violence.

Man-Made Disasters : Terrorism

Letter bombing & kidnapping are common forms.

Create mail room procedure for handling suspicious objects.

If kidnapping occurs :– Use pre-established duress code to signal.– Victims should cooperate & remember all.– Contact local law enforcement agency. – Ransom payment needs corporate approval.

FEMA: Federal Planners Federal Emergency Management Agency

– Ensures continuity of government actions and directs the mobilizing of resources in response to national emergencies

National Warning System (NAWAS)– 3 Command Centers (24X7) in located Colorado

Springs; Denton, TX; Olney, MD.– Loudspeaker/radio signals :

• Alert/Attention signal--steady sound• Attack warning--short wavering blasts.

Why We Prepare for Disaster

“… a day that will live infamy.”

September 11, 2001 -- 8:45 a.m. EDT

American Airlines Flight 11, hijacked

from Boston, slams into the World Trade

Center's north tower in Manhattan.

Terrorism in the 21st Century

Terrorism in the 21st Century

September 11, 2001 -- 9:03 a.m. EDT

A second plane, United Airlines

Flight 175, crashes into the World Trade Center's south tower,

causing another massive explosion.

Terrorism in the 21st Century

.

September 11, 2001 -- 9:40 a.m. EDTA third plane, American Airlines Flight 77, crashes into the “E” Ring of the Pentagon, destroying the new Naval Operations Center.

Terrorism in the 21st Century

President Bush : "We will do whatever

necessary to protect America and

Americans ... The United States will

hunt down and punish those

responsible for these cowardly acts."

Any Questions ?Turn over notes for closed book exam