Cover Illustration: Art Deco lead light detail on the shop ...

H E R I T A G E R E P O R T

M O R N I N G T O N C O M M E R C I A L H E R I TA G E P R E C I N C T

A N D I N D I V I D U A L P L A C E SMORNINGTON

8 AUGUST 2011

Prepared for

Mornington Peninsula Shire Council

LORRAINE HUDDLEB. Architecture (Hons) (Melb), FMICOMOS

Director:

Heritage Intelligence Pty Ltd. A.C.N. 098 613 971

Architectural Historians: Professional Heritage and Design Consultants

w w w. h e r i t a g e i n t e l l i g e n c e . c o m . a u • T: 9 5 7 9 2 2 8 8 • E : l o r r a i n e @ l o r r a i n e h u d d l e . c o m . a u

Council Meeting – Monday, 12 September, 2011

Item 2.4 Attachment 2

http://www.heritageintelligence.com.au

http://www.heritageintelligence.com.au

Cover Illustration: Art Deco lead light detail on the shop front and pressed metal verandah ceiling, on the former Greenlands store, and for the past forty years, the Custom Picture Framers, Main Street. 2011 Lorraine Huddle.

© Heritage Intelligence Pty Ltd

Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct Precinct and Individual Places 20110808

H e r i t a g e I n t e l l i g e n c e P t y L t d ! H e r i t a g e A s s e s s m e n t 8 A u g u s t 2 0 11

2



Report Distribution Record

Issue No

Issue Date

Description Recipients Notes

1 28.02.2011 First Draft Precinct Report Simon Lloyd, MPSC

2 15.03.11 Third Draft Precinct Report Simon Lloyd, MPSC

3 27.03.2011 Third Draft Precinct Report Simon Lloyd, MPSC

Diane White, Mornington and District Historical Society Inc.

4 27.04.2011 Fourth Draft Precinct Report Simon Lloyd, MPSC Completed the sections on the planning scheme, and made alterations and additions based on information from Diane White M&DHS.

5 28.04.2011 Fifth Draft Precinct Report Simon Lloyd, MPSC Minor changes to the Heritage Schedule and sections of the report relating to that.

6 30.4.2011 Final Report Simon Lloyd, MPSC

7 4.8.2011 Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct and Individual Places 20110726. Draft amended report with a new name.

SIMON Lloyd, MPSC Includes the citations for the individual places.

8 8.8.11 Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct and Individual Places 20110808

Roz Franklin

Simon Lloyd

Amended some street numbers and finalised the individual place citations.



3



Table of Contents1 Purpose of This Report! 22 Summary of Opinions and Recommendations! 23 Instructions and Acknowledgements! 3

4 Limitations of the Heritage Assessment! 4

5 Methodology! 45.1 Definition of Cultural Significance and Setting: ! 4

5.2 Criteria:! 45.3 Precinct and Individual Citations with Photographic Inventory:! 4

5.4 Thresholds:! 55.5 Burra Charter definition of a Statement of Significance:! 5

6 Other Heritage Assessments! 5

7 Location of the Site and Precinct Boundaries.! 6

8. Historic Themes Associated with the Precinct! 78.1 Civic and Township Development - Mornington - Commercial Centre! 7

8.2 Travel and Transport - Horses, Trains, Motor Cars! 9

9 Description! 109.1 Architectural Style, foci, streetscapes, height, materials, forms! 10

9.2 Photographic Inventory of all places in the precinct.! 15

10 Discussion! 2311 Statement of Cultural Significance -:! 26

12 Policy! 2712.1 Policy Basis! 27

12.2 Objectives! 27

12.3 Permit Exemptions! 2812.4 Heritage Schedule:! 28

12.5 Management Guidelines! 29

13 Individual Places Outside the Precinct! 3014.1 Heritage Schedule and Management Guidelines for Individual Places: ! 49



1 / 50



1 Purpose of This ReportTo assess the cultural heritage significance of the commercial area of Mornington between Ross Street and Barkly Street, with particular focus on the area comprising Ross Street and (opposite) Empire Street on the East side of Main Street, and Queen Street and Empire Street on the West side of Main Street, using the definitions, processes and practices of the ICOMOS Burra Charter and AHC criteria. To provide a citation for a heritage precinct proposed as a result of the heritage assessment. ! The documentation includes historical evidence drawn from existing reports, physical

description of the physical fabric, views and other historic places within the precinct. To provide documentation for those heritage places which fall outside the new boundary of the proposed precinct and advice regarding heritage protection.

2 Summary of Opinions and Recommendations1.0 A very small area of Main Street, comprising 29 heritage places, mostly representing the

interwar period, is recommended for Heritage Overlay protection, as the Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct. Historically, the commercial area extended to Barkly Street, but only a few places remain in that section of Main Street, and these are located between numerous non heritage places and therefore, they are recommended for individual protection.

2.0 The precinct area was first recommended for heritage protection in the Butler 1994 Heritage report, which was commissioned by Council. Eleven years later, Raworth 2005 recommended the area for heritage overlay protection. Seventeen years has passed since the area was first recommended for protection and only a few of the heritage places have been demolished, a few have been altered, and about half have enhanced their heritage qualities and some have presented the heritage of the place, as an asset to their business.

3.0 Some new development has occurred around Ross St and Queen St corners, which is out of character with the heritage places. Some of this development is interesting and competent architecture, however, the scale and design is such that it dominates the streetscape, due to the greater height, contrasting materials used and type of construction/design. This means that two heritage places are now isolated from the area which contains the high number of heritage places and so the isolated places are recommended for individual protection.

4.0 When the Precinct Heritage Overlay is applied to the Precinct, the individual HO 123, should be removed from the former bank at 60 - 62 Main Street because that property will be fully protected by the precinct Heritage Overlay.

5.0 No protection of interiors is proposed for the precinct.6.0 The height and design of new works in the precinct HO is of particular importance. The

appearance of single storey shops as seen from Main Street, is preferred. 7.0 Seven places were researched by only five places are recommended for individual

protection, outside the precinct. See Section 13 of this report. In some cases, they have high historic value but are quite altered.

8.0 I recommend that the individual places, and the Main Street Mornington Commercial Precinct, as shown in the map and documentation in this report, be protected with a Heritage Overlay.



2 / 50



3 Instructions and Acknowledgements

I was instructed by Simon Lloyd, Strategic Planner Heritage and Urban Design, at Mornington Peninsula Shire on the 26 November 2010 to prepare an independent Heritage Assessment of the proposed commercial precinct.

• Review the recommendations of the Mornington Heritage Study (1994) which identified a possible Main Street Commercial Precinct for Mornington.

• The Bryce Raworth Heritage Analysis (2005) of this area, in the Mornington Activity Centre Structure Plan, the relevant section is on page 15.

• Confirm the viability of a heritage precinct under current heritage standards;• Advise on the appropriate extent of the precinct and what places it should contain;• Prepare precinct citations for a heritage overlay.

After completion of the field work, I was also instructed to provide a photographic inventory of heritage places, which are outside the new precinct boundary, and recommendations for their protection. After submission of this work, I was instructed to research and if appropriate, prepare citations for individual places worthy of a heritage overlay.

Consultation with the Mornington Peninsula and District Historical Society, through Diane White, included a review of the first draft, for historical accuracy. The committee provided some historical information about some places and noted:

We discussed this (precinct boundary) at our meeting and we feel that the precinct should be from Drake Street/Queen Street to Barkly Street (including Blake Street to the railway station) as this was the shopping strip from very early on, albeit it with empty blocks and some houses (even cows in paddocks), but all the same, we believe that this full stretch was the commercial precinct.1

It is acknowledged that, historically, the commercial area extended from Queen and Ross Streets to Barkly Street. However, today, there are over 100 places in Main Street, beyond the proposed precinct boundary, (hundreds more commercial places are located beyond Barkley St and in adjacent streets) and less than 10 have any physical heritage value for the planning scheme to protect. Therefore, instead of extending the precinct boundary, the isolated heritage places are recommended for individual Heritage Overlay protection.

I carried out the assessment in this report from the beginning. I read the documents provided by the Shire and I took a series of photographs of the site, on the 25 February 2011. Simon Lloyd took a few photographs of existing places. Dr Aron Paul carried out the historical research for the individual citations, in consultation with the local historical society, however, the precinct history, descriptions, opinions and recommendations and report are my own.

Figure 3.1 Study Area



3 / 50

1 Email from Diane White on 21 April 2011 to Lorraine Huddle.



4 Limitations of the Heritage Assessment

• Secondary sources were used for the precinct history, and detailed primary research was carried out for the assessment of the individual places.

• The study area for the precinct was confined to part of the north end of Main Street, between Ross Street and Empire Street as shown in the map, Figure 3.1 as the area of potential precinct significance.

• Only the exterior parts of the properties, as seen from the public realm, were photographed and assessed, apart from the former blacksmiths (?)/livery/motor garage at 65 Main Street.

5 Methodology

5.1 Definition of Cultural Significance and Setting:

Article 1.2 of the Burra Charter notes that “Cultural significance is embodied in the place itself, its fabric, setting, use, associations, meanings, records, related places and related objects.

“Setting “ is defined in the Burra Charter Article 1.12 as ..” the area around a place, which may include the visual catchment

5.2 Criteria:

Statements of Significance which have been prepared by this author use the Burra Charter values of aesthetic, historic, social and scientific and the Australian Heritage Commission / HERcon Criteria.

5.3 Precinct and Individual Citations with Photographic Inventory:

Citations for the Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct and five Individual places have been prepared and they include:

• summary data such as the name, type, location, heritage level, known important dates;• the themes and criteria relevant to the precinct/individual places• a brief precinct/individual history• description of its architectural features, and changes made to the original structures (integrity)• a photographic inventory.• a Statement of Cultural Significance for the precinct and for the individual places.

PHOTOGRAPHIC INVENTORIESA photographic inventory of every property within the precinct, is in Section 9.2 of this report. The inventory is presented in numerical order. There is also a photographic inventory of 5 places located outside the proposed precinct, and these are recommended for individual Heritage Overlay protection.



4 / 50



5.4 Thresholds:

The levels of significance generally accepted for use by heritage professionals today, are International, National, State and Local, as these relate to the corresponding government level responsible for protection of these places of cultural significance. However, within each of these thresholds there are likely to be variations. For example, a place of Local significance may be significant to the ‘local’ community of a particular town or area or historic theme within the Mornington Peninsula Shire while in other instances, a place may be significant to the whole Mornington Peninsula Shire or a Shire-wide historic theme. In both cases the place would be considered to be of Local significance.

5.5 Burra Charter definition of a Statement of Significance:

A statement setting out what is important about a heritage place, where the significance lies and why it is important.

Further clarification is made on page 52 Statements of significance should describe clearly all elements of a place which are assessed as contributing to its heritage significance and where appropriate should identify any buildings or other elements with a different basis of significance which may be included in the precinct whether that significance is to the State or to the locality.

Page 73 The central issue is again the role of the statement of significance in defining what is important about the place and why. The decision guidelines in the HO need to be specifically linked to the statement of significance for each place. There may be a role for incorporated plans to customise planning provisions for places where standard controls over any changes to the fabric are not appropriate or not adequate as a means of preserving the significance of the place. Similar comments may apply to places of social value, which may be intangible or non‐material, and to places of spiritual significance.

Statements of Cultural Significance for the precinct and individual places, was written by this author based on site inspection from Main Street and rear thoroughfares, existing historical research for the precinct and consideration of the documentary evidence for the individual places. They have been prepared for the purpose of defining what is important in this heritage place. Within the precinct are individual places, and brief notes regarding their significance is provided in the photographic inventory.

6 Other Heritage Assessments

The Main Street Heritage Precinct in Mornington, proposed in this study :

• was identified as part of a potential locally significant precinct in the 1994 Stage One Mornington Shire Heritage Study by Graeme Butler, [Vol 1, page 20] but it was not documented in the Stage 2 Study.

• was identified as part of a potential locally significant precinct, and recommended for a Heritage Overlay in Bryce Raworth’s Heritage Report in the 2005 Mornington Structure Plan. [pages 8 and 15]

• NOT listed on the Heritage Overlay Schedule to Clause 43 of the Mornington Peninsula Planning Scheme.



5 / 50



• NOT listed on the Victorian Heritage Register, although one building is listed.• NOT listed on the Register of the National Estate• NOT listed on the Australian Heritage Database• NOT listed on the National Trust of Australia (Victoria) Register

The five individual places have not been assessed prior to this study.

7 Location of the Site and Precinct Boundaries.

Above:!Figure 7.1. Map and Aerial showing the approximate location and extent of the precinct boundary. Significant buildings which are in the precinct are shown with a solid red dot.

Right: Figure 7.2

Aerial showing the length of Main Street from the roundabout at Alexandra Park, to The Esplanade. This illustrates how small the historic precinct is relative to the length of the commercial area today. Source: Base Aerial is from Google maps.



6 / 50



8. Historic Themes Associated with the Precinct

8.1 Civic and Township Development - Mornington - Commercial Centre

Much of the urban settlement of area around Mornington occurred after WW2. However, the area around Schnapper Point, The Esplanade and Main Street has been the district’s center for law and order, retail and commercial activity since the earliest period of European settlement. Historic places which illustrate the development since this time, still exist in Main Street or very nearby. Therefore it is not surprising that most of the places from the nineteenth century are located within the ‘ Civic Group Main Street Esplanade Heritage Precinct’ which is just north of the Commercial precinct.2

It is important to note that, historically, the commercial area of Mornington extended from Ross and Queen Streets at the north end of Main Street, all the way to Barkly Street at the southern end. Unfortunately, little physical fabric remains of the earliest commercial area outside the precinct boundary.

Figure 8.1 Main Street, looking towards the beach from Albert Street intersection. The two storey nineteenth century building, is the former Colonial Bank the right.. Source: SLV



7 / 50

2 Butler 1994, Vol 2, P 32 -34



However, within the Commercial Precinct there are a few buildings which date from the nineteenth century, two are former banks, one is Male’s former butchery, there is the site of the earliest shop and extraordinarily, the pre 1890 blacksmiths (?)/livery/motor garage has survived and been adapted to shops.

Figure 8. 2 Main Street in 1890. Source: Mornington and District Historical Society Inc.

Note the long gabled building in the top centre of the photo. Main Street, and beyond it, is Male’s 2 storey butcher’s shop.

Figure 8.3 below, c 1940s, shop facade has been built in front of the gabled shed. Source: SLV

In 1907 a survey of rated properties3 lists the Grand Hotel, the Colonial bank, a chemist, two smithies, stables, a coffee palace, a barber, a butcher, and around fourteen other shops. The survey illustrates that there were only a small number of commercial enterprises in Main Street between The Esplanade and Barkly Street, and not all of these were located within the study area of this report. However the majority of places in the Commercial Precinct are shops, some with residences attached, which date from the inter war period. The prolific interwar housing development in Mornington saw the commercial hub of the township developed in tandem with the housing development.



8 / 50

3 Moorehead, Mornington: In the wake of Flinders, p. 48: p 104 quoted in Raworth p5.



8.2 Travel and Transport - Horses, Trains, Motor Cars

Transport was by sea and by horse drawn wagons or drays, prior to the arrival of the railway or motor car. The importance of Mornington township was enhanced when the jetty was completed at the end of Main Street, at Schnapper Point, in 1860. Horses continued to be used concurrently with motor cars, as shown in the photograph below of the Livery also offering the services of a motor garage, in Main Street. The railway arrived into the heart the commercial area of Mornington in 1889, just east of Main Street, at the end of Blake Street. Although it is thought that the main purpose was associated with military planning, it was used first to transport fish to Melbourne, and passengers to Mornington for recreation. In the early twentieth century it was also used to transport agricultural produce to Melbourne. By 1981, the rail service ceased and the railway station and tracks were removed. The Railway Store/General Store shop, on the south east corner of Main Street and Blake Street is the only historic evidence of this era in the precinct although the former Ladies Restroom, is believed to be at 3/5 Blake Street.4

Figure 8.4 Blacksmith, Livery and Motor Garage in Main Street. This building can also be seen in the streetscapes shown in Figures 8.2 and 8.3. Source: SLV

Figure 8.5

Railway General Store

c 1920.

2011 Lorraine Huddle.



9 / 50

4 Butler 1994, Vol 2, P 31



9 Description

9.1 Architectural Style, foci, streetscapes, height, materials, forms

There are about 29 places in the precinct. The exact number is difficult to determine as some buildings have been subdivided, some appear to have the same number, some buildings with one business address extend over two allotments with a number for each allotment, and so on.

Four places have Victorian era significant characteristics and two of these also have some interwar significant characteristics , about 23 have interwar significant characteristics and one place has interpretative value only, as the building has been demolished. The first floor and/or parapet is significant on about 20 places, the verandah is significant on about 14 places, (not all places have or had a verandah) and the ground floor shop front is significant on about half of the places.

Therefor it is concluded that most of the places are interwar in style, most of the structures above the shop fronts are significant and about half the places have significant verandahs and ground floor shop fronts.

The significance of all of the places primarily applies to the front, as seen from the public realm of Main Street, however there is one very important Victorian era place in which the rear view is also important and that is the pre 1890 former blacksmith (?)/livery/motor garage building.

Foci and ViewsThe fine Italianate architecture of the former two storey bank,its picturesque skyline, its location opposite Albert Street and roughly in the centre of the precinct, makes it an important focal point from many directions in the streetscape.

Figure 9.1 Streetscape view looking south along Main Street. 2011 Lorraine Huddle.



10 / 50



About half of the places in the precinct have significant interwar shopfronts with original cantilever verandahs. This provides an intimate experience at the pedestrian level with the materials and architectural details such as fine brass or copper window frames, doorways with ingoes of tessellated tiles, art deco lead lighting, plinths of glazed tiles and pressed metal verandah ceilings.

Figure 9.2 2011 Lorraine Huddle.




11 / 50




Skylines which illustrate the low scale (one or two stories maximum) picturesque lines and details created by the parapets and chimneys. In this view the Victorian lime stucco and corbelled chimneys are compared with the red brick and unpainted cement rendered chimney on the interwar buildings. The materials of the historic first floor and or parapets is mostly brick (originally unpainted), contrasting with rendered panels and banding, and double hung timber windows. The Mediterranean style building has Cordova tiles on the parapet, which is typical for the style but unusual in this precinct.

One of the unique and very historic, albeit, not architecturally refined, features of the precinct is the view of the rear of the old pre 1890 blacksmiths (?)/livery/motor garage. It is the only way to see the original form and materials of the historic building, therefore it is important to retain the rear view from the public realm.




12 / 50



Victorian Era


Main Street developed into the commercial centre of the district from the 1850s. Therefore, the historic buildings in the precinct tell an important story of the commercial development of not only Main Street, but Mornington and the district. Victorian era buildings are rare in Main Street.

Victorian Era Heritage Places (four buildings plus one site)

1A Albert ST

41 51 - 53 60 65 - Front View 63 - 67 Rear view

Former Butcher’s Shop. The facade was altered in the interwar period, when Male built the 2 storey interwar shop next door.

Classical building, formerly the Oriental Bank/Colonial Bank. c 1875.

HO 123Two Storey 1889 Italian Renaissance Revival style, formerly Commercial, then National Bank.

Single storey shop which was originally the blacksmith (?)/livery/motor garage and adapted to a development of 3 shops?

See 65 and 67. Large interior space with galvanised corrugated iron rear and side walls and roof.

The fifth place is the site of the earliest shop is located at 45-47 which is within the precinct. It was built by Thomas Allchin in 1859, on the NW corner of Albert St.5 Allchin also built the Oriental Bank in the 1870s. This bank building is located at 51 - 53 Main Street on the SW corner of Albert Street.



13 / 50

5 The shop has been demolished since the 1994 Butler study.



Inter War Era Heritage PlacesDevelopment continued in the precinct, particularly in the period between the wars, resulting in a number of notable Interwar buildings. The streetscape is predominantly interwar in style, however, the large two storey 1870s Commercial Bank is a notable exception. Twenty-three of the 29 places have significant Interwar characteristics.


View of the East side of the precinct showing the imposing 1889 two storey former Commercial bank building and the 1931 interwar corner development formerly known as Greenlands. Below is a very intact interwar shop front on the West side of the precinct. Glazed tiles, fine metal glazing bars, doorways with ingoes, tessellated tiles, large display glass with finer lead lights above.

Figure 9.8 and 9.9 2011 Lorraine Huddle.



14 / 50



9.2 Photographic Inventory of all places in the precinct.

Places identified in the Butler study 1995 Vol 1, pages 20, 21 are noted in the 6th column.

Street No. Side Description Photograph Heritage

Identified by

Butler/Raworth

31 West Single storey. Shop, interwar era. Part of a group of 2.

Significant

First floor/parapetVery High

Verandah - High

Ground floorLow

Butler 1994

31 West Significant


Verandah - High

Ground floorLow

Butler 1994

33 West Single storey. Shop, interwar era. Part of a group of 2.

SignificantFirst floor/parapetHigh

Verandah - High

Ground floorHigh

Butler 1994

35 West Single storey double width shop built with a single storey former residence attached on the south side (see 37). Formerly a Drapers Shop it was built in the Interwar era. The leadlight kookaburra window are a sympathetic later addition.

SignificantFirst floor/parapetV High

Verandah - High

Ground floorHigh

Butler 1994

37 West Shop, former residence. The former billard/auction room is at the rear, via a laneway.

Significant

Roof, eavesHigh

Verandah - High

Ground floorMedium

Butler 1994



15 / 50




Identified by

Butler/Raworth

39 West Shop. Significant

First floor/parapetHighVerandah - ?Ground floorLow

Butler 1994

41 West Two storey building, formerly Male’s Butchers. Now part of a group of 2 interwar era shops, but this one was built earlier than 43, but has an interwar parapet added to match the adjacent one at 43. The verandah is early but the original building had no verandah.

The chimneys are Victorian/Federation, and the rear view clearly shows that 41 and 43 are different building designs and ages

Significant

First floor/parapet/chimneysHigh

First floor Verandah - High

Ground floorLow

Butler 1994

43 West Two storey 1934 building, built by Mr Male, the butcher next door. Two shops, one of which has an interwar shop front. A hairdresser has been in one of the shops since the building was constructed. The parapet next door at 41 matches this one. See notes for 41.

Significant


Verandah - High

Ground floorHigh

Butler 1994

43 West Significant


Verandah - High

Ground floorHigh

Butler 1994

45 West 2 storey building. Recent 45 - 47Site of the earliest known shop built by Allchin,

Interpretative site only.

ButlerAllchin’s shop which was Demolished after Butler’s 1994 study.



16 / 50




Identified by

Butler/Raworth

45 West Interpretative site only.

ButlerAllchin’s shop which was Demolished after Butler’s 1994 study.

47 West 2 storey building. Recent 45 - 47Site of the earliest known shop built by Allchin, which was demolished after Butler’s 1994 study.

Interpretative site only.

Butler 47 West Interpretative site only.

Butler

51 531A

WestAlbert

Two storey Victorian building, formerly the Oriental Bank then Colonial Bank. Built in 1875 by Thomas Allchin, a prominent and successful pioneer. 51 and 53

Significant

First floor/parapetHigh

Verandah - None

Ground floorVery low.

See Butler’s 1994 study for details about this building.

51 531A

WestAlbert

Significant

First floor/parapetHigh

Verandah - None



1A Albert Located in Albert St but on the same title as 51-53 Main St, are two single storey recent shops which are not significant.

Not significant single storey shops.

1A Albert Not significant single storey shops.

55 West Two storey building which is part of four shops with residences upstairs. The top floor facade has been altered, but the ground floor facade is an intact inter war era design. See notes for 57, 59 and 61. The shops may date from an earlier period c 1915.

Significant

First floor/parapet.Low

Verandah - High

Ground floorVery High

Butler 1994

Raworth 2005



17 / 50




Identified by

Butler/Raworth

57 West Two storey building which is part of four shops. The top floor facade has been altered, but the ground floor facade is an intact inter war era design. See notes for 55, 59 and 61.

Significant


Verandah - High


Butler 1994

Raworth 2005

57 West Significant


Verandah - High


Butler 1994

Raworth 2005

58 East Single storey. Shop, interwar era. Formerly Coles Variety Store.

Significant

First floor/parapet.HighVerandah - Medium Ground floorVery Low

No

Raworth

59 West Two storey building which is part of four shops. The top floor facade has been altered, but the ground floor facade is an intact inter war era design. See notes for 55, 57 and 61.

SignificantFirst floor/parapet.LowVerandah - HighGround floorVery High

Butler 1994

Raworth 2005

59 West SignificantFirst floor/parapet.LowVerandah - HighGround floorVery High

Butler 1994

Raworth 2005

60 East Two Storey Victorian era building, formerly Commercial, then National Bank. Over two allotments 60 and 62.

SignificantHO 123

Roof and chimneysVery High.First floor/parapet.Very HighGround floorVery High


60 East SignificantHO 123

Roof and chimneysVery High.First floor/parapet.Very HighGround floorVery High




18 / 50




Identified by

Butler/Raworth

61 West Two storey building which is part of four shops. Formerly MacDonald’s Chemist and residence. The top floor facade has been altered, but the ground floor facade is an intact inter war era design. See notes for 55, 57 and 59.

Significant

First floor/parapet.LowVerandah - HighGround floorVery High

Butler 1994

Raworth 2005

61 West Significant

First floor/parapet.LowVerandah - HighGround floorVery High

Butler 1994

Raworth 2005

62 East Two Storey 1890s Victorian era building, formerly Commercial, Colonial and from 1918, the National Bank. It ceased to be a bank in 1986 and was adapted for use as a restaurant. Over two allotments 60 and 62.

SignificantHO 123Roof and chimneysVery HIgh.First floor/parapet.Very HighGround floorVery High


62 East SignificantHO 123Roof and chimneysVery HIgh.First floor/parapet.Very HighGround floorVery High


63 West Single storey shop which was originally the blacksmith/livery/motor garage and adapted to a development of 3 shops? See 65 and 67.

SignificantParapet.HighVerandah - MediumGround floorVery High at the rear. None at the front.

Butler 1994

63 West SignificantParapet.HighVerandah - MediumGround floorVery High at the rear. None at the front.

Butler 1994

64 East Single storey. Shop, interwar era. Part of a group of 6 known as Greenlands, which go around the corner into Blake St. 64, 66, 68, Main st.

Blake St. 1,3,5

SignificantParapet and chimney with pot.Very High

Verandah - High



Raworth 2005

64 East SignificantParapet and chimney with pot.Very High

Verandah - High



Raworth 2005



19 / 50




Identified by

Butler/Raworth

65 West Single storey pre 1890 shop which was originally the blacksmith (?)/livery/motor garage and adapted to a development of 3 shops? See 65 and 67. Large interior space with corrugated iron rear and side walls. See 63

“ Bill Pratt opened his first self service grocery store here in 1955. He subsequently pioneered the Safeway Supermarket Chain.” M&DHC

SignificantRoof. Very highParapet.Low ? Restore view of original gable end?

Verandah - LowGround floorMedium-high at the front.Very high at the rear and side.

Butler 1994

66 East Single storey shop, interwar & Edwardian.Part of 6 Greenlands, which go around the corner into Blake St. 64, 66, 68, Main st. Ground floor facade has been altered, as it was an older freestanding building. bluestone plinth?.Blake St. 1,3,5

SignificantParapet and chimney with pot.Very High

Verandah - HighGround floorMedium


Raworth 2005

66 East SignificantParapet and chimney with pot.Very High

Verandah - HighGround floorMedium


Raworth 2005

67 West Single storey shop which was part of a development of 3 shops? See 65 and 63. May be too altered to be significant.

Significant First floor/parapet Low.

Verandah - High ?


No67 West Significant First floor/parapet Low.

Verandah - High ?


No

68 East Single storey. Shop, built c1932, in the interwar era. Part of a group of 6 known as Greenlands, which go around the corner into Blake St Blake St. 1,3,5. 64, 66, 68, Main st.

Significant

Parapet Very HighVerandah with pressed metal soffit. - very HighGround floorVery High

Butler 1994

Raworth 2005

68 East Significant

Parapet Very HighVerandah with pressed metal soffit. - very HighGround floorVery High

Butler 1994

Raworth 2005



20 / 50




Identified by

Butler/Raworth

70 East Single storey Federation era corner shop which extends into Blake St. Formerly the 1916 General Railway Store. Until the 1950s it was the largest and longest surviving general store in Mornington.

Significant

Parapet.Very High

Verandah - ?

Ground floorMedium


Raworth 2005

70 East Significant

Parapet.Very High

Verandah - ?

Ground floorMedium


Raworth 2005

72 East Two storey building. 3 Shops and offices. Mediterranean style. 72, 74, 76

The town’s major baker was established here in 1928. M&DHS

Significant

First floor/parapet.High

Verandah -?

Ground floorVery low

Raworth 2005


Significant


Verandah -?


Raworth 2005

74 East Significant


Verandah -?


Raworth 2005


Significant


Verandah -?


Raworth 2005

76 East Significant


Verandah -?


Raworth 2005



21 / 50




Identified by

Butler/Raworth

BLAKE ST

North side only

Blake Street elevation of 68 Main St.

Significant

Parapet and chimney with pot.Very High

Verandah - High


Butler 1994

BLAKE ST

North side only

Significant

Parapet and chimney with pot.Very High

Verandah - High


Butler 1994

1 Blake North. Single storey. Shop, interwar era. Part of a group of 6 known as Greenlands, which go around the corner into Blake St. 64, 66, 68, Main st. Blake St. 1,3,5 (These appear to have been built at a later date, especially No. 5.

SignificantParapet High

Verandah -na

Ground floorMedium

No1 Blake North. SignificantParapet High

Verandah -na

Ground floorMedium

No

3 Blake North. Single storey. Shop, interwar era. Part of a group of 6 known as Greenlands, which go around the corner into Blake St. 64, 66, 68, Main st. Blake St. 1,3,5

SignificantParapet High

Verandah -na


No3 Blake North. SignificantParapet High

Verandah -na


No

5 Blake North. Single storey. Shop, interwar era. Part of a group of 6 known as Greenlands, which go around the corner into Blake St. 64, 66, 68, Main st. Blake St. 1,3,5

Significant

This building appears to have been built later, or parts of it rebuilt.

No5 Blake North. Significant

This building appears to have been built later, or parts of it rebuilt.

No



22 / 50



10 Discussion

Historically, the commercial area of Main St extended from The Esplanade to Barkly Street. Today the full length of the commercial strip along Main Street extends to the highway. However, the area which is sufficiently intact to meet the threshold for protection with a Heritage Overlay, is very small compared with the full extent of the early, and current commercial activity area in Mornington.

The heritage precinct is rare in Mornington and it offers customers the choice of a shopping experience which has a boutique heritage character. The unique and authentic character of the small area is already appreciated as a feature in the presentation of several of the retail outlets at their shopfront level, and some also highlight their historic interiors. This illustrates the viability of using a heritage shop front for many of todays businesses. This is the only retail section along Main Street where owners, shopkeepers and customers have the option to choose to shop in an area with ‘heritage character’. For those businesses who wish to have the most up-to-date corporate style shop front, or develop new or additions with ‘good modern design’, they have the remaining 75% of Main Street properties to choose to do that.

It is recommended that Council offset any ‘perceived’ disadvantage of owning and using a property in the precinct by giving the owners and shop keepers in the precinct opportunities to ‘value-add’ when they promote their business within the context of the heritage precinct by:

Develop a virtual walking tour of the precinct, to educate local citizens about this heritage and encourage tourists to visit this part of Mornington retail area.

Make the virtual walking tour into an iPhone App (or similar), and/or downloadable from websites belonging to the businesses located in the heritage precinct as well as Council’s website.

Develop a website for the exclusive use of businesses located in heritage protected buildings in which the heritage features of their building and streetscapes are highlighted as they promote their business.

Develop a sound and light show or other innovative promotion of the tourism potential of Mornington’s commercial heritage.



23 / 50



There have been recommendations from two independent heritage consultants to protect the heritage of this part of Main Street, for over 17 years. [See pages 24 and 25 of this report for more details.]

Previous assessments. Stage One Mornington Shire Heritage Study by Graeme Butler, 1994 and Bryce Raworth Heritage Analysis of this area, in the Mornington Activity Centre Structure Plan 2005

Butler 1994 Vol 1, pages 20, 21 noted several places which fall within the boundaries proposed by this author and they are identified in the previous table.

Places recommended by Butler which are outside the precinct boundaries, include:

• 28 - 30 Main Street - Former Mornington Coffee Palace Guest House• 29 Main Street Shop - [Since demolished. New 2 storey shops constructed.]• 126 - 132 Main St - Hotel, formerly the Grand Coffee Palace [ Now protected with a HO]• Fountain Monument Empire Street Mall

Raworth 2005 page 6 and 15 Many places are listed in an unclear or contradictory way on these pages..

25 - 61 West Side Main St25 - 43 Main St - Contributory58 - 76 East Side Main St. Contributory30 Main St32 Main St51 Main St . 51 - 61 Main St - Contributory60 - 62 Main St63 - 65 Main St - Contributory64 - 68 Main St.1A Queen St - contributoryseveral double storey c 1920s shops on the west side between Queen St and Albert Street.- [no addresses given. Shop on the corner of Queen and Octavia St. [No address given.]A two storey shop on the corner of Albert St (no address given) but “believed to be the earliest extant shop in the area. The building was extended along Albert St during the early decades of the twentieth century. “ 45 Main St - non contributory.Similarly the two storey clinker brick retail group at 55-61 Main St is of some interest at a local level.

Raworth’s documentation and assessment for the Main Street Commercial Precinct consists of one page (page 15) and it is included below.



24 / 50





25 / 50



11 Statement of Cultural Significance 6 -:

The history and description that precedes this Statement of Cultural Significance is the source of the evidence for the statement below. Overall, the Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct, which includes the individually listed former blacksmith(?), livery, stables/ motor garage, is aesthetically, technically/scientifically and historically significant at a local level to the Mornington Peninsula and Mornington in particular.

The Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct is historically significant at a local level for its association with significant historic theme of civic and township development - commercial, from the earliest retail, transport service and banking development in the district, and with the prolific interwar housing development in Mornington. The commercial hub of the township developed in tandem with the housing development, and at a time when tourism using a motor car was becoming popular on the peninsular.

The other significant historic theme represented in this precinct is travel and transport - horses, trains and motor cars. Of particular note is the rarity of an extant nineteenth century pre 1890 blacksmiths (?)/livery building, successfully adapted to new uses whilst retaining a major and recognisable part of the galvanised corrugated iron building, first to a motor garage, and now as retail shops, in the centre of the vibrant and growing retail core of Mornington township. (AHC criteria A4, B2)

The Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct is aesthetically significant at a local level for its interwar shop designs, with 50% intact ground floor shop fronts, which create important and consistent streetscapes of interwar design, materials and colours, at pedestrian level. Over 80% of building designs above the ground floor, including some upper floors and many parapets, feature architecture with intact designs and materials. The fine Italianate architecture of the former 1889 two storey bank, its picturesque skyline, its location opposite Albert Street and roughly in the centre of the precinct, makes it an important focal point from many directions in the streetscape. An unusual feature , which provides two other important views, is rear view of 63-65 Main St the former blacksmiths (?)/livery/motor garage building whose corrugated iron walls and roof can only be seen from Octavia Street, and the interior view of the large internal space which can still be experienced inside the current retail shop. (AHC Criterion D2, E1)

The Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct is scientifically/technically significant at a local level as a rich example of interwar craftsmanship in lead lighting, glazed tiles, and fine brass/copper shop-front glazing. (AHC C 2 )



26 / 50

6 Definitions used are from the Burra Charter 1999; historical themes relate to the Principal Australian Themes – Australian Heritage Commission; criteria for Locally Significant places are from the Australian Heritage Commission and in the case of State Significant places, from Heritage Victoria; levels of significance used are State and Local, which directly relate to the two legislative authorities who administer the protection of heritage places, the State Government and Local Government respectively.



12 Policy

To provide certainty of choice for businesses to operate within a defined and protected area with authentic heritage character in the Main Street commercial shopping strip.

To facilitate the retention and enhancement of the culturally significant places, streetscapes, views, fabric and their setting.

To retain the country town character of low density, shops/residences two stories or less in height, including the skylines with sky behind them rather than multi-storey buildings.

To retain and enhance the interior and rear of the former blacksmith (?)/livery/motor garage with a separate Heritage Overlay for those two elements, but protect the rest of it with the precinct Heritage Overlay.

PLANNING POLICIES

PolicyClause XX.XX!HOXXXX: Mornington Commercial Heritage PrecinctThis policy applies to all that land included on the Heritage Policy Map ‘XX’ – the area known as Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct.

12.1 Policy Basis

This precinct is significant for its distinctive nineteenth and twentieth century commercial character. The area is significant for a proportionally high number of extant twentieth century Inter war style places and five (now rare) nineteenth century buildings, which are still in their historic and aesthetic context of predominantly single storey development.

12.2 Objectives

To retain and enhance the nineteenth century and twentieth century Interwar streetscape qualities of this area, including;

• To protect and enhance the intact examples of the nineteenth century and twentieth century places in the Photographic Inventory of all places in the Mornington Commercial Heritage Precinct.

• To maintain and enhance views to significant places.• To minimise the negative impact of visually intrusive new development.• Encourage accurate ‘reconstruction’ of missing detail on historic places, such as

window design, and external colour schemes. • New works should avoid copying historic detail so that it is clear that they are not

historic places. • Encourage new works to be a contemporary design, which blend into the streetscape,

rather than contrast with it and by allowing the historic places to dominate in the streetscape. This can be done by using the bulk, materials, height and colours in a contemporary design without using the historically distinctive decorative details.

• Keep signs to a minimum size, number and appropriate design to enhance the precinct.



27 / 50



It is policy that:1.! Preference will be given to building design which:

• Retains the significant historical places and allows the historic places to dominate over any new building work;

• Is recessive in the street and townscape;• Enhances the heritage values of the precinct identified in this documentation;

2. ! The following will apply:• New buildings and additions should adopt the heights, form and massing of the visually

connected historic places, not from the places which have little or no heritage significance.

12.3 Permit Exemptions

Under Clause 43.XXXX of the Planning Scheme, no planning permit is required for the following:

• Maintenance to a building that would NOT change the existing appearance of the building.

• Demolition of an outbuilding or fence located at the rear of a property.• Demolition of the rear of a building provided that it does not require or result in the

removal, destruction or alteration of a significant feature in the Photographic Inventory.• Internal alteration to a building, provided that it does not require or result in the removal,

destruction or alteration of a significant feature listed in Photographic Inventory.• External alterations or additions to the rear of a building providing it is single storey.• Construction of a building to the rear of a building providing it is single storey..• Installation of plant or equipment providing it cannot be seen from Main St or Blake St.

12.4 Heritage Schedule:

It is recommended that this schedule apply to all places in the precinct including the former blacksmith(?)/livery/stables/motor garage, except that this building also requires interior controls and so an individual HO is recommended for that purpose. External Paint Controls: ! YES

Internal Alteration Controls: ! NO

Tree Controls: ! NO

Outbuildings or Fences: ! NO

Description: ! NONE SPECIFIED

VHR Ref No:! NO

On VHR:! NO

Incorporated Plan Details: ! None specified

Prohibited Uses:! NO

Aboriginal Heritage Place:! NO

Incorporated Plan:! NONE SPECIFIED



28 / 50



12.5 Management Guidelines

• The heritage overlay of the precinct protects all identified significant parts of the place, including the exterior envelope and craftsmanship and materials of buildings. Also the important views from the public realm to these places.

• the identified significant parts of the place be retained. eg facade design and features as these provide the greatest indication of the age and heritage value of the place.

• encourage removal of unsympathetic additions and alterations,

• that earlier fabric which is currently obscured, to be reconstructed and restored as per the Burra charter definition of these methods.

• new additions to be

• sympathetic in scale, bulk, materials, details, texture and colours; Not contrasting.

• ‘reversible’...eg connected to existing significant fabric in a manner that it can be removed without damaging the authentic parts of the heritage place.

• located so that they do not obscure important settings and views from the public realm

• Interpretative panels be placed in appropriate locations around the precinct to assist in the appreciation of the cultural significance of the place and fabric.

• Protect the ‘country town’ settings of the heritage places within the precinct by limiting the scale of new development within the precinct, particularly height controls on the buildings within the precinct.

• Encourage original paint colour schemes.

• Restoration and reconstruction of the original ground floor and upper floor facades and parapets are encouraged and preferred.

• Retain the existing corrugated iron roof and rear walls of the former blacksmith’s (?)/Livery/Motor Garage, and the large interior space and raked ceiling of the gabled central section, currently occupied by the Queen Bee Emporium.

• BEST PRACTICE MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE

The authentic heritage places recommended for protection are part of the setting for living and evolving community uses. The planning scheme amendments recommended in this study provide the means for council and the community to manage change, so that the ‘baby is not thrown out with the bath water’ during those changes.

Some changes that have occurred to these authentic heritage places have obscured the heritage values. Lack of maintenance puts the places in danger of demolition by neglect. However, using the principles, practices and processes of the Burra Charter it is possible to reverse some of the inappropriate alterations and carry out future changes that are sympathetic to the heritage character, thus enhancing these heritage assets and providing a win-win outcome.



29 / 50



13 Individual Places Outside the Precinct

Seven places outside of the boundary of the proposed Heritage Precinct were identified as being places of potential heritage significance. They were identified because of their known history, which was brought to the author’s attention by the local historical society and or/the physical evidence on each site.

After further research and site inspections, the following five of these places are recommended for a Heritage Overlay and the citations for each one follows.

30 Main Street [Former Mornington Coffee Palace]

81! Main Street [Formerly Bradford’s/Pine’s Dairy]

97 ! Main Street [The Country shop]

103-103A! Main Street [ Newsagent]

Mall ! outside 2b Empire Street. (Memorial Fountain)

The following two places are not recommended for Heritage Overlay protection.

117! ! Main Street [former 1917 Fire Station]

3 (15) ! Railway Grove [Single storey Federation era brick house ?]

There was a strong case based on the history, for the former Fire Station to be considered for heritage protection, however after further research and assessment against the criteria it was found that the historical evidence is good, but unfortunately, the building itself has no visible or restorable original fabric left, for the Planning Scheme to protect. [See details on pages 44 - 47]

The brick building at 3 Railway Grove is historically important, as Father William Grover was Council President a very early builder and precurser to Summerlands. His son Joseph Dale was also a builder, who built Morven Manor (chimney same as 3 Railway Grove) and 783 Esplanade but to name a few. Other owners included Worrell who was Council Secretary and Fosters were shop owners in Main Street. (Mornington Historical Society). However, the house is

greatly altered and works by the Grover family are better represented in other buildings.



30 / 50



STREET ADDRESS

NAMESHISTORIC

S I G N I F I C A N C E LEVEL

HISTORIC THEMES

SIGNIFICANCEVALUES

30!Main Street

Mornington Coffee Palace Guest House

Local significance 8 Creating local commercial centres8.1 Stores8.4 Guesthouses

Historic - Retail and lodging people.Architectural - upper floor facade, west wall, chimney and roof form.

Statement of Significance

The former Mornington Coffee Palace and Guest House, constructed c.1880s at 30 Main Street, Mornington is aesthetically and historically significant at a local level to the town of Mornington. Aesthetically, it is significant for the upper façade, west wall, chimney and building envelope which provide an important view of this historic building. The most distinctive feature of this two storey Victorian era commercial building is the rendered first floor facade with stylised (albeit altered) classical details. There is a parapet (possibly altered) which conceals the roof, which has “Mornington Coffee Palace” in the centre of it. Historically, it is significant for its continuous associations with the commercial development of Main Street, and used variously as a store, bakery, coffee palace and guest house, for over 120 years. There were very few substantial commercial buildings built in the Victorian era in Main Street, and this, together with four in the Main Street precinct, is a rare survivor. (RNE/HERcon criteria A.4, E.1)











31 / 50



Description 30 Main St

The two storey Victorian era building has been so altered, that it is difficult to know what the original design looked like. The ground floor facade is fairly recent, as is the cantilever verandah, and its original rural-town setting has been replaced by extensive development adjacent and behind this building. It is dominated by the very recent construction of a highly contrasting and large two storey retail and apartment building on the west side, as well as apartments popping up towards the rear of the top floor of this building. Fortunately, the new development has been set back a few metres allowing a glimpse of the three dimensional form of the building, west wall with window, the chimney and roof line, as well as the first floor facade, illustrating part of the original architecture of this historically important building from the early development of the commercial heart of Mornington. The stylized and smooth finish of the upper floor facade suggests that the parpapet, windows (which are currently blocked up) and window surrounds may have been ‘modified’ to some extent.



32 / 50



History Main Street [Former Mornington Coffee Palace/Guest House c 1880s]

The former coffee palace at 30 Main Street is notable as a surviving coffee palace in Mornington, which at one time had a lively Temperance Movement supporting at least two coffee palaces - this, and a ‘more elaborate building’ also in Main Street (Diane White:2011). As a result there is some confusion as to the particular histories of the individual coffee palaces. Butler (2004:362) states that the Mornington Coffee Palace, Main Street was also known as the Grand Coffee Palace, which was designed in 1889 by notable Melbourne architect William Pitt. Butler goes on to relate how the coffee palaces also often served as guest houses, and states that the Mornington Coffee Palace was also known both as the Federal Coffee Palace and later as the Federal Guest House.Along with the large hotels, there were unlicensed premises and guesthouses at which to stay. The Federal Coffee Palace in Main St had originally been a general store and bakery ", but had, by the late 19th century, become the Mornington Coffee Palace and then the Federal Guest House.The design of 28-30 Main Street is consistent with the story of a general store and bakery which was converted into use as a coffee palace, and later a guest house. It does not appear consistent with the grand architecture that characterised the work of William Pitt. It is more probably that the building was initially used as a general store and baker. Bennett (2008:93) notes that Mornington bakeries generally operated out of groceries or general stores rather than purpose built bakeries. A. Sherlock for example was a general grocer who also was known to run a bakery in 1895 (Bennett, 2008:93). In 1910 William Odgers opened the other bakery known to have operated in Main Street, declaring ‘why purchase your bread from a Draper, when you can obtain it from the Mornington Bakery?’The building at 28-30 Main Street however is not the Federal Guest House. This was located on the opposite side of the road and was of substantially different design. Corkhill’s diagram of 1907 rate payers in Main Street indicates the much advertised ‘Federal House’ run by Gillett, and on the site of 28-30 Main Street a ‘coffee palace’ owned by Byles (Moorhead, 1971:107). This suggests that in 1907 at least, the building was indeed a coffee palace, but certainly not that designed by William Pitt, the Grand, nor the Federal House.Mornington district boarding housesBoth the ‘Grand Hotel’ and the ‘Federal Guest House’ are among the businesses noted by Butler (2004) as carrying on after the Second World War, and a number of other guest houses did operate. A survey of advertisements from the Peninsula Post, Argus and the The country hotel, guest and boarding house guide and tourists' handbook of Victoria has not found evidence of the identity of this building as a guest house in the early twentieth century.Sources:Graeme Butler (2004) Mornington Peninsula Shire Environmental History.Bruce Bennett (2008), The butcher, the baker, the - , a history of the butchers, bakers, milkmen and blacksmiths of the Mornington Peninsula, Hawthorn.Leslie Moorhead, (1971) Mornington in the wake of Flinders, Shire of Mornington.Diane White. President, Mornington Historical Society.



33 / 50



STREET ADDRESS NAMESHISTORIC


HISTORIC THEMES

SIGNIFICANCEVALUES

81!Main Street

Bradford’s Dairy

Local significance 8 Creating local commercial centers8.1 Stores

Historic - Retail Architectural -Interwar art deco facade design on the ground and first floors, verandah and skyline of the second floor.


The former Bradford Dairy, constructed in 1936 at 81 Main Street, Mornington is aesthetically and historically significant at a local level to the town of Mornington. Aesthetically, it is significant for the high integrity of the exterior of the building as viewed from Main Street. In particular, the first floor including the timber double-hung windows, art deco decoration on the cement rendered parapetted facade, and parapet on the single storey shop, which provide an important view of this historic building from Main Street. The ground floor has a very pleasing and unusual design, with an angular central recessed bay in which three doors open from it. Some alterations have occurred to the window openings and the soffit lining of the verandah has been changed, but the art deco wall tiles, metal window frames and doorway configuration are intact. Historically, it is significant for its continuous associations, for over 60 years, with the commercial development of Main Street, and used first as a dairy, the Bradford dairying family, and subsequently as various retail shops with an office/accommodation on the first floor. This interwar building compliments the Main Street Commercial heritage precinct (RNE/HERcon criteria A.4,E.1)











34 / 50



Description 81 Main St

The Interwar era building comprises two shops on the ground floor and a second floor above one of them. The first floor timber double-hung windows, art deco decoration on the cement rendered parapetted facade, and parapet on the single storey shop, which provide an important view of this historic building from Main Street. The ground floor has a very pleasing and unusual design, with an angular central recessed bay in which three doors open from it. Some alterations have occurred to the window openings and the soffit lining of the verandah has been changed, but the art deco wall tiles, metal window frames and doorway configuration are intact.



35 / 50



History 81 Main Street

81 Main Street was, according to Bennett (2008) known as Pines Dairy when it was purchased from the Sherlock Brothers in August 1925 by Edward Bradford who later built a ‘new and up to date premises which opened in 1936. It contained ‘the only brine cooler in Main Street’ and ‘a milcrest steam sterilization plant for the nursery from his own herd’ (Bennett:2008:149)

A dairy was believed to have originally been built here c.1920s (Diane White, 2011). An advertisement in the Peninsula Post refers to the "Pines Dairy - E.G. Bradford (late Sherlock Bros.)" (Diane White, 2011). The Bradfords, were prominent local dairy farmers and producers in the area.

The 1911 rate books note ‘land’ belonging to Samuel Bradford in Section 24/12-29 of some 42 acres in the Mornington area. Anastasia Bradford meanwhile is noted as owning land in Main Street. The 1929 rate books note John D. Bradford owning the ‘house and land’ at Green Island, and Anastasia Bradford in lot 22 Barkly Street, and owning ‘land’ in Main Street. By 1940 however, Edward Gilbert Bradford is noted as ‘dairyman’ in Main Street, then simultaneously occupying the land at Green Island. This is consistent with the date in the 1930s for the construction of the building. The evidence suggests that the Bradfords certainly owned interests both in Main Street and land outside of town throughout this period, probably using the Main Street property as a dairy and sales point for their dairy farming acreage.

The building is noted by Peter Holloway as an example of art deco design in the Mornington Peninsula (Holloway, 2008:9) and this is consistent with the 1936 date of construction.

Dairying

The former Mornington Shire Council took steps at different times to assist the pastoralists and farmers of the district, including supporting an early dairy industry and butter factory in 1897 (Butler, 2004). In 1908, after eleven years of production, the Mornington Butter Factory was closed and the assets' sold by the Company. Lack of suppliers, due to a falling off in dairying on the Peninsula, was the cause of the ending of an enterprise which had given a fillip both -to the industry and to the social life of the district (Moorhead:146).

The former Bradford Dairy however is connected to the dairying industry in the interwar period and its limited revitalisation by small holders and individual entrepreneurs like the Bradfords, who clearly took a familial approach to the dairy industry.

Sources:

Bruce Bennett (2008), The butcher, the baker, the - , a history of the butchers, bakers, milkmen and blacksmiths of the Mornington Peninsula, Hawthorn.

Mornington Shire Rate Books.

Peter Holloway (undated) Art Deco on the Peninsula.

Graeme Butler (2004) Mornington Peninsula Shire Environmental History.

Leslie Moorhead, (1971) Mornington in the wake of Flinders, Shire of Mornington.

Diane White, Mornington Historical Society.



36 / 50





HISTORIC THEMES

SIGNIFICANCEVALUES

197!Main Street

Mornington Post Newspaper.

Local significance 8 Creating local commercial centres8.1 Stores

Historic - Retail. Architectural - Upper floor facade, verandah and skyline.


The Post-War shop and upstairs office/accommodation constructed in 1949 at 97 Main Street, Mornington is aesthetically and historically significant at a local level to the town of Mornington. Aesthetically, it is significant for the high integrity of the first floor of the exterior of the building as viewed from Main Street. In particular, the timber double-hung windows, stripped classical decoration on the cement rendered parapetted facade, and verandah. which provide an important view of this historic building from Main Street. Historically, it is significant for its continuous associations, for over 60 years, with the commercial development of Main Street, particularly as it was originally built by Hugh Cheyne to set up and print the Mornington Post (Hast, 1979:39). The Mornington Post was ‘Mornington’s original newspaper’. (RNE/HERcon criteria A.4, E.1)











37 / 50



Description 97 Main Street – 1949 Office of the Mornington Post

The Post-War era building, is designed in a symmetric stripped classical style. It comprises two shops on the ground floor, a cantilever verandah and a second floor above. The first floor timber double-hung windows, are grouped in pairs on either side of the group of three in the centre. The horizontal emphasis of the design is enhanced by the skyline and stringcourses on the parapet, the window axis and the slim cantilevered verandah. The ground floor shop fronts have bee altered.

History 97 Main Street – 1949 Office of the Mornington Post

According to local historian Tom Hast, the shop at 103* Main Street was originally built by Hugh Cheyne to set up and print the Mornington Post (Hast, 1979:39). The Mornington Post was ‘Mornington’s original newspaper’ (Hast, 1979:39) based in Mornington and ran from 1949-1955 (State Library of Victoria). The building was sold in 1956 and became the premises of T.I.Hast & Co who sold farm machinery (Hast, 1979:39).

Up to the 1950s, Main Street’s commercial development ‘effectively ended at Barkly Street’ (Butler, 2004:170). Postwar prosperity in Mornington meant that many shopkeepers and traders in Main Street who once lived above their commercial premises began to move their families into the suburbs (Mornington Historical Society, 2006).

Sources:Tom Hast (1979) Alive and well in Mornington: a light hearted history of Mornington, Victoria between 1951 and 1979, Mornington Leader. *This author (LH) has swapped Hast’s history for 103 with that for 105, as Hast or the publisher appear to have confused/typed the wrong number against the history of 103 and 105 Main Street, as the architectural evidence is more consistent with the history and dates of the ‘other’ shop. Mornington Historical Society (2006) Post & Telegraph, May edition. Graeme Butler (2004) Mornington Peninsula Shire Thematic Environmental History, Mornington Peninsula Shire



38 / 50





HISTORIC THEMES

SIGNIFICANCEVALUES

103 - 103AMain Street

Local significance 8 Creating local commercial centres8.1 Stores

Architectural - Upper floor facade, verandah and skyline. Ground floor shop front.


The Inter-War shop and upstairs office/accommodation constructed in c1930s at 103-103A Main Street, Mornington is aesthetically significant at a local level to the town of Mornington. Aesthetically, it is significant for the high integrity of the Art Deco ground floor shop front, verandah and the Art Deco rendered upper facade, as viewed from Main Street.

(RNE/HERcon criteria D 2, E 1)















39 / 50



Description 103 - 103A Main St

The Inter-War shop and upstairs office/accommodation constructed in c1930s at 105 Main Street, Mornington has a high degree of integrity, particularly the Art Deco ground floor shop front, verandah and the Art Deco rendered upper facade, as viewed from Main Street.

The major change as been the original windows on the first floor have been replaced with aluminium ones, which are out of character with the fine architecture of this building. The ‘photography’ sign is obscuring the Art Deco vertical relief.

Art Deco features include the symmetrical design, zigzag shop front walls and glazing which dramatically guides the shopper to the front door via a tessellated tile ingo. Zigzag lines are also found in the metal (brass ?) vents in the black and white glazed tiles of the stall boards. The metal window frames are also typical and may have been chromium plated.



40 / 50



History 103-103A Main Street

According to local historian Tom Hast, the shop at 105* Main Street was a men’s wear store owned by Monty Jonston who transferred to the location in 1953. During the 1950s above the shop was also located the Marella Coffee Lounge run by the Misses Lane, a popular social haunt and meeting place (Hast, 1979:38).

However, the emphatic Art Deco design indicates that the building was constructed much earlier than the 1950s, presumably for an earlier owner or tennant than Monty Jonston. Art Deco was popular for shop fronts in the 1930s. It represented a forward looking, dynamic view of progress.

Up to the 1950s, Main Street’s commercial development ‘effectively ended at Barkly Street’ (Butler, 2004:170). Postwar prosperity in Mornington meant that many shopkeepers and traders in Main Street who once lived above their commercial premises began to move their families into the suburbs (Mornington Historical Society, 2006).

Sources:Tom Hast (1979) Alive and well in Mornington: a light hearted history of Mornington, Victoria between 1951 and 1979, Mornington Leader. *This author (LH) has swapped Hast’s history for 103 with that for 105, as Hast or the publisher appear to have confused/typed the wrong number against the history of 103 and 105 Main Street, as the architectural evidence is more consistent with the history and dates of the ‘other’ shop.

Mornington Historical Society (2006) Post & Telegraph, May edition.

Graeme Butler (2004) Mornington Peninsula Shire Thematic Environmental History, Mornington Peninsula Shire.

Diane White, President, Mornington Historical Society.



41 / 50



STREET ADDRESS

NAMESHISTORIC


HISTORIC THEMES SIGNIFICANCEVALUES

Mall, Empire Street

Balcombe Memorial Water Fountain

Local significance -2. Peopling Victorias places and landscapes - 2.5 Migrating and making a home

8 Building community life. 8.5 Preserving traditions and commemorating.

Historical - pioneer, community life, Architectural DesignSocial - BenefactorScientific/Technical - hand crafted materials.


The Balcombe Memorial Water Fountain, erected in 1924 on the south east entrance of Mornington Park, but now located in the Empire Mall, Mornington is aesthetically, historically, socially and scientifically (technically) significant at a local level to the town of Mornington.

Aesthetically, it is significant for the high integrity of the design, and the unusual arrangement of otherwise typical materials of marble, stone, and iron. Historically, it is significant for its associations, for over 160 years, with the Leasehold Station from the Crown in 1843 then called - Chechincurk and the pioneer who took out the lease Alexander Beatson Balcombe. Also, Jane Balcombe Murphy, the donor of the drinking fountain to the community, in memory of her father.Socially, it is significant for the benefits bestowed upon the community by the generous donations and contributions by Alexander Beatson Balcombe. Scientifically, it is significant for the craftsmenship of the bluestone base with chiselled lettering, the granite bowl and handcrafted metal canopy.

(RNE/HERcon criteria A.4, D 2, F 1, G 1,& H.1)



















42 / 50



In Memory of Alexander Beatson

Balcombe. Early Pioneer and Benefactor

where this Fountain is Erected was his Leasehold Station

from the Crown in 1843 then called

- Chechincurk -



43 / 50



117 Main Street [former 1917 Fire Station]

Left: Former Fire Station 2011! ! ! Right: Fire Station in 1969

This property is the site of a very significant chapter in the history of community service in Mornington , however there is sufficient original fabric remaining in the building for protection with a Heritage Overlay.

The history of the place was researched for this study, and it is included here, to illuminate that history and to illustrate the loss of heritage fabric which, had Heritage controls been available in 1969 when the building was sold, may have enabled the building to be adapted to a new use, without ‘throwing the baby out with the bath water.’

Description ( The interior inspection was carried out by Simon Lloyd).

•The 1889 ornamental façade which was visible in the 1969 photograph has been entirely removed. (Note, the parapet was built in a more classical Victorian style than the one shown on the architect’s drawings, which was an Art Nouveau style). •It does not appear that any fabric survives from this facade, although it is possible that engaged columns visible in the interior (about a metre back from the current front wall) are remnants of it.•The existing front wall therefore appears to be entirely new, having either been built forward of the original façade, or as a direct replacement of it.•Apart from the engaged columns no sign of any early fabric is visible in the interior (it having a new suspended ceiling and plaster walls).•The remainder of the building exterior (apart from the façade) is assumed to survive; a small upper part of one side brick wall and parts of the roof are visible and agree with the form shown on the architect's plan.•However, apart from the small areas visible as noted above, one entire side wall, the lower half of the other side wall, and the entire rear wall appear to be totally built-in by abutting buildings. My conclusion is that there is insufficient surviving fabric to justify a heritage overlay. The loss of the decorative façade means that the hand of the architect Leonard Flannagan is not evident so the association is purely documentary. The remaining fabric is almost entirely hidden and already so altered that protection would be fairly meaningless. There is no opportunity for the public to now understand the original design or extent of the building.



44 / 50



HISTORY

The former fire station at 117 Main Street was designed by architect Leonard J. Flannagan. The design is held in the Melbourne University Architectural Collection (Miles Lewis Database). The building was the 130th brigade to be added since 1891. The Country Fire Brigades Board (CFBB) was so impressed by the design that it adopted it as the standard future country fire station design throughout Victoria (Fisher, 2006: 9).

Architect Leonard Flannagan

Leonard Flannagan was also notable as the architect of Melbourne’s Tavistok House in 1906 (Walking Melbourne) and the Hawthorn Tram Depot:

This iconic building [Hawthorn Tram Depot] was built for the Hawthorn Tramways Trust (HTT) and opened in 1916. Located at the junction of Power Street and Wallen Road, Hawthorn, it was designed by architect Leonard Flannagan [1] in an American Romanesque style. (Friends of Hawthorn Tramways, 2011)

Leonard Flannagan was a noted Melbourne-based architect who had been previously associated with tramway development for the Prahran & Malvern Tramways Trust. Other surviving buildings located in Victoria that show his design skills also included the Little Sisters of the Poor Home for the Aged – 104-112 St George’s Road Northcote, St Aidan’s Orphanage – 190 St Aidan’s Road Bendigo, and a number of other tram related depots and infrastructure.

Leonard Flannagan was also a local architect of Mornington:

The Flannagan family moved to Bath Street Mornington in c1916 although they owned the land since 1912. By 1916 L.J. Flannagan owned eight blocks of land on Bath Street and Marchington Avenue. He built 'the cottage' on Lot 3 Bath Street and 'Athlone' on Lot 17 Marchington Ave as a rental property c1916. He sold 'the cottage' in c1925 when he moved to "Bona Vista"

View Street, Mornington. He was Mornington Shire President in 1918 and was greatly involved in local affairs on the Foreshore Committee, Progress Association and was instrumental in getting sewerage and electricity to Mornington (Maureen Tregonning Papers, Mornington & District Historical Society).



45 / 50



Mornington Urban Fire Brigade, 1917-

At Mornington, the Urban Fire Brigade was another local group sponsored by the local Progress Association. According to the Peninsula Post 1 October 1920:

The question of establishing a fire brigade or salvage corps was first motted at a meeting of the Progress Association early in 1915 by the then president, but the suggestion was received with little sympathy […] Such a utopian idea as a fire brigade in a town where there had been so few fires was not worthy of discussion. However, Mr Joseph Harris’s fine residence, ‘Marina’, that same night was burnt to the ground, nothing being saved. This aroused the residents to a sense of danger as nothing else could have done and the subject was again revisited …

Formed at a meeting in the Mechanics Hall in January 1917, the Brigade had as its foundation members:

Captain G. Dorling (coach driver),

Lieutenant J. Jenkins (blacksmith),

Foreman N. Freeman (draper),

Apprentice Officer Cochrane (Livery Stable proprietor), Secretary Strahan (printer),

Firemen:



46 / 50



H. Swann (carpenter), H. Cheyne (printer), Morga (telegraph operator), Sanderson (grocer) ), L. Harrison (produce merchant), C. Parsons (carrier), L. Garlick J. Connell (carrier), P. Olsen (fisherman), Norris] (fruiterer), T. Harrison, A. Beattie (grocer), B. Golds W. Golds (carrier), A. Schleebs (grocer), T. Hutchin (boatman), McElroy (baker).

In the absence of reticulated water, a manual engine costing £200 was necessary, and in 1916 the Progress Association formed a fundraising committee to raise £65 for horses and a shed (Fisher, 2006:2-3). The first board meeting took p[lace in the Mechanics institute on 9 January 1917.

Leslie Moorhead wrote of their activities:

Compulsory practice was held on the Tuesday night nearest the full moon and, during the early years, the bells of the Methodist Church and St. Peter's Church of England acted as fire alarms. The system and giving the alarm was the continuous violent ringing of the bell for about a minute, and then the number of the district in separate distinct gongs. The urban area of Mornington was divided into fire districts, numbered one to four and "Bendigo-by-the-Sea" (Fisherman's Beach) was the fifth district.

At one of the earliest meetings of the Brigade it was decide to pay ten shillings to the owner of a suitable horse to take the engine to the fire, and to penalize to the extent of five shilling occupiers of homes whose chimneys caught fire, if the Brigade was called out.

The Brigade operated from the Fire Station, which was built in 1919 by local effort, in Main Street at premises now occupied by the "Cameo" gift store.

In June 1969 the Brigade moved into a new Fire Station near Elizabeth Street. This building houses two modern fire trucks, van and other equipment, and is manned by a keen band of volunteer firemen under the captaincy of J. W. Garlick, who has had more than twenty-nine years of service with the Mornington Fire Brigade (Butler, 2004; Moorhead: 195-196).

References:

Colin Fisher, (2006) Ready and Willing: the history of Mornington urban fire brigade 1917-2007, Country Fire Authority.

Leslie Moorhead, (1971) Mornington in the wake of Flinders, Shire of Mornington.

Graeme Butler (2004) Mornington Peninsula Shire Thematic Environmental History, Mornington Peninsula Shire.

Miles Lewis Database

Friends of Hawthorn Tramways, (2011) ‘Hawthorn Tram Depot’.

Walking Melbourne

Maureen Tregonning Papers, Mornington & District Historical Society

Peninsula Post 1 October 1920



47 / 50



CONTEMPORARY PHOTOGRAPHS NOTES

Victorian/Federation ? era brick building. It probably had a verandah along the front. It has been extended to the south.

The brick building at 3 Railway Grove is historically important, as Father William Grover was Council President a

very early builder and precurser to Summerlands. His son Joseph Dale was also a builder, who built Morven Manor (chimney same as 3 Railway Grove) and 783 Esplanade but to name a few. Other owners included Worrell who was Council Secretary and Fosters were shop owners in Main Street. (Mornington Historical Society). However, the house is greatly altered and works by the Grover family are better represented in other buildings.

Source: D White. April 2011 and Val Wilson August 2011. Mornington Peninsula Historical Society.



48 / 50



14.1 Heritage Schedule and Management Guidelines for Individual Places:

It is recommended that this schedule apply to all the individual places. External Paint Controls: ! YES

Internal Alteration Controls: ! NO

Tree Controls: ! NO

Outbuildings or Fences: ! NO

Description: ! NONE SPECIFIED

VHR Ref No:! NO

On VHR:! NO

Incorporated Plan Details: ! None specified

Prohibited Uses:! NO

Aboriginal Heritage Place:! NO

Incorporated Plan:! NONE SPECIFIED

Management Guidelines

• The heritage overlay protects all identified significant parts of the place, including the exterior envelope and craftsmanship and materials of buildings and the fountain. Also the important views from the public realm to these places.

• the identified significant parts of the place be retained. eg facade design and features as these provide the greatest indication of the age and heritage value of the place.

• encourage removal of unsympathetic additions and alterations,

• that earlier fabric which is currently obscured, to be reconstructed and restored as per the Burra charter definition of these methods.

• new additions to be

• sympathetic in scale, bulk, materials, details, texture and colours; identifiable on close inspection as being new, but not contrasting.

• ‘reversible’...eg connected to existing significant fabric in a manner that it can be removed without damaging the authentic parts of the heritage place.

• located so that they do not obscure important settings and views from the public realm

• Interpretative panels be placed in appropriate locations to assist in the appreciation of the cultural significance of the place and fabric.

•



49 / 50



• Encourage original paint colour schemes.

• Restoration and reconstruction of the original ground floor and upper floor facades and parapets of the buildings, are encouraged and preferred.

• BEST PRACTICE MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE

The authentic heritage places recommended for protection are part of the setting for living and evolving community uses. The planning scheme amendments recommended in this study provide the means for council and the community to manage change, so that the ‘baby is not thrown out with the bath water’ during those changes.

Some changes that have occurred to these authentic heritage places have obscured the heritage values. Lack of maintenance puts the places in danger of demolition by neglect. However, using the principles, practices and processes of the Burra Charter it is possible to reverse some of the inappropriate alterations and carry out future changes that are sympathetic to the heritage character, thus enhancing these heritage assets and providing a win-win outcome.



50 / 50



Cover Illustration: Art Deco lead light detail on the shop ...

Documents

Transcript of Cover Illustration: Art Deco lead light detail on the shop ...