OUTLINE

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

2. NUCLEAR POWER SITUATION

3. NATIONAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS

General Information

Nigeria is located on the west coast of Africa.

Bordered on the north by the Niger and Chad; east by Cameroon; west by the Benin; and on the south by the Gulf of Guinea and Equatorial Guinea.

It has a total area of 923,766 square kilometers

Land area consists of 910,768 square kilometers,

Water area of 13,000 square kilometers and

Total coastline of 853 kilometers.

The main drainage systems are the Niger-Benue Rivers, the Lake Chad and the coastal river systems.

Geography and Climate

Geography and Climate Cont.

The official language is English

The main religions are Islam Christianity and Traditional.

Sea ports are located at Lagos, Warri, Port Harcourt, Onne and Calabar (EPZ),

International airports are at Lagos, Kano, Port Harcourt and Abuja.

Geography and Climate Cont.

The vegetation is a typical tropical climate with four broad vegetation belts:

the Mangrove Swamp on the coast,

the Rain Forest,

the Woodland Savannah, and

the Guinea and Sudan Savannah in the North.

Relatively high temperatures around 32 degrees Celsius.

There are two basic seasons: wet season and dry season

Population

The population of Nigeria is more than 160 million with a wide diversity of peoples.

374 distinct ethnic groups with Hausa, Ibo and Yoruba being the major groups.

Population information

Source: National Population Commission; World Bank

Average annual growth rate (%)

1990 2000 2010 2012

Population (millions)

86.97 116.03 154.49 162.42 3.5

Population density (inhabitants/km²)

94 125 173.94 175 3.7

Urban Population as % of total

37 40 50 52 3.5

Area (1000 km²) 923.77 923.77 923.77 923.77

ECONOMIC DATA INFORMATION

Source: National Population Commission; World Bank

Average annual growth rate (%)

1990 2000 2010 2012** 2010 to 2012

GDP (millions of current

US$) 44,160 75,910 168,590 243,980 8.6

GDP (millions of constant

2000 US$) 59,609 75,910 544,600 556,774 7.69

GDP per capita (PPP*

US$/capita) 1750 2333 2232.28 2533.05 6.43

GDP per capita (current

US$/capita) 718 994 1,278.37 1326 9.08

ENERGY INFORMATION

Resources Type Reserves

Crude Oil 36.5 billion barrels

Natural Gas 187.4 trillion SCF

Coal & lignite Over 4 billion tonnes

Tar Sand 31 billion barrel of oil equivalent

Hydropower (Large) 11,250MW

Hydropower (Small) 3,500MW

Fuelwood 13 million Hectares

Animal Waste 61 million tonnes/yr

Crop residual 83 million tonnes/yr

Solar Radiation 3.5-7.0 kWh/m2 -day

Wind 2-4 m/s (annual average)

Source: Energy Commission of Nigeria

Energy policy

In 2003 the Federal Government approved an overall National Energy Policy (NEP) for the nation. The major objectives of the National Energy Policy include: To ensure the development of the nation’s energy

resources, with diversified energy resources option.

To guarantee increased contribution of energy productive activities.

To guarantee adequate, reliable and sustainable supply of energy at appropriate costs and in an environmentally friendly manner.

To guarantee an efficient and cost effective consumption pattern of energy resources.

Energy policy Cont.

To accelerate the process of acquisition and diffusion of technology and managerial expertise.

To promote increased investments and development of the energy sector industries with substantial private sector participation.

To ensure a comprehensive, integrated and well informed energy sector plans and programmes.

To foster international co-operation in energy trade and projects development in both the African region and the world at large.

To successfully use the nation’s abundant energy resources to promote international co-operation.

Electricity Policy And Decision

Making Process

The major power utility in the country known as the Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) is owned by the Federal Government. Until recently, it had the monopoly for the generation, transmission and distribution of centralized grid power. In order to remove this monopoly, in 2005, the Electric Power Sector Reform Act (EPSRA) was enacted to engender greater efficiency and sustainability in the system. The Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) was created and mandated to regulate the electricity sector based on free market economic principles

Electricity Policy And Decision

Making Process CONT.

The ongoing process of privatization in the PHCN will lead to the creation of six separate generation companies and eleven distribution companies. While only the transmission aspect would remain under government control via Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN). A National Integrated Power Project (NIPP) has been embarked by the Federal Government aimed at increasing the generation capacity to 20,000MW by 2015. Nuclear power has been factored into the energy mix.

GW (monthly average)

POWER GENERATION VS. AVAILABLE INSTALLED CAPACITY SOURCE: Federal Ministry of Power

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

6.0

2.5

3.0

0

3.6

5.9

Q1

3.6

5.4

Q4

3.7

4.8

Q3

3.7

4.7

Q2

3.0

4.5

Q1

3.7 4.0

Q4

3.0

4.5

Q3

3.5

4.0

Q2

3.0

5.3

Q1

2.6

4.7

Q4

2.6

5.1

Q3

2.0

4.6

Q2

2.5

5.1

Q1

2.9

4.8

2009 2010 2011 2012

Peak delivered capacity (monthly average)

Available capacity (monthly average)

TO SAKETE

ONITSHA

KAINJI

JEBBA/GS

JEBBA/TS

SHIRORO

Ikeja

Akure

Uyo

Birnin Kebbi

Minna

Kaduna

Abuja

Jos

Bauchi

Gombe

Damaturu

Maiduguri Kano

IIorin

Ado Ekiti

Enugu Akwa

Ibadan

Sokoto

Gusau

Katsina

Hadejia

Jalingo

Yola

Abakaliki

Calabar

JIGAWA

KANO

KATSINA

SOKOTO

ZAMFARA

KEBBI

KWARA

KADUNA

NIGER

NASSARAWA

TARABA

YOBE

PLATEAU

EBONYI

CROSS RIVER

OSUN

BAYELSA

EDO

DELTA

ONDO

OYO

IMO

ADAMAWA

BORNO

GOMBE

BAUCHI

EKITI

LAGOS

ATLANTIC OCEAN

NIGER

REPUBLIC OF BENIN

REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON

REPUBLIC OF

CHAD

SAPELE P/ST.

DELTA POWER ST.

OGUN

Osogbo

NIGERIA

Potiskum

Niamey

132 kV

Mambila

Bali

AFAM POWER ST.

Asaba Benin

EGBIN P/ST.

Lokoja

ABUJA

AJAOKUTA

Lafia

Makurdi

MAKURDI BENUE

KOGI

ENUGU

Aliade

ABIA

AKWA IBOM

Owerri

AN AMBRA

Port Harcourt

RIVERS

Umuahia

2

2

2

2 2 2

2

4

3

ALAGBADO

Abeokuta

Olorunsogo

TRANSMISSION LINE LEGEND

BULK SUPPLY POINT

HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION

THERMAL POWER STATIONS

330 KV H

330KV LINES (EXISTING) – MULTIPLE CIRCUITS

330KV LINES - EXISTING

2

2

2

330KV LINES (FGN) – MULTIPLE CIRCUITS

330KV LINES (PROPOSED PROJECT)

– MULTIPLE CIRCUITS

330KV LINES (NIPP) – MULTIPLE CIRCUITS

330KV LINES - FGN

330KV LINES - NIPP

330KV LINES - PROPOSED PROJECT

2

765KV Super-Grid line

POWER GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN NIGERIA

Source: Federal Ministry of Power, Nigeria

2. NUCLEAR POWER SITUATION

2.1 Historical development and current organizational structure

2.2 Nuclear power plants: Overview 2.3 Future development of Nuclear Power 2.4 Organizations involved in construction of NPPs 2.5 Organizations involved in operation of NPPs 2.6 Organizations involved in decommissioning of

NPPs 2.7 Fuel cycle including waste management 2.8 Research and development 2.9 Human resources development 2.10 Stakeholder Communication

Historical development and current

organizational structure

Overview

Activities leading to the activation of the nuclear power programme are listed as follows: 1976 Creation of Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission (NAEC) 1978 Establishment of two university-based

Nuclear Energy Centres were established in Ile-Ife and Zaria respectively.

1979 Creation of Energy Commission of Nigeria (ECN)

!991 Establishment of Sheda Science and Technology Complex, Abuja.

1995 Establishment of Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA)

Overview cont.

2004 Inter-Ministerial Committee on Energy Resources identified Nuclear as a major potential source.

2005 Inter-Ministerial Technical Committee (TC)

on NPP mandated to evaluate the feasibility of deploying NPP.

2006 NAEC was activated 2007 National Nuclear Power Roadmap and

Strategy approved by Federal Government 2007 – 2010 Three additional university-based Nuclear

Energy Research Centers established at Port Harcourt, Maiduguri and Owerri

Current organizational chart

Current organizational chart cont.

Future development of Nuclear

Power

Nuclear power development strategy

The nuclear power development strategy consists of three

phases, namely: Manpower Training, Capacity Building and Infrastructure

Development; Design Certification; Siting; Regulatory and Licensing

Approvals; and Construction and Start-up. The strategic plan for the implementation of the programme is aimed at enabling Nigeria to: Generate electricity from NPP in twelve years and Develop the local capacity to internalize nuclear power.

Nuclear Power Development

Strategy

The Strategic Plan is broken into three parts;

The first is the short-term which deals with the immediate activities of putting the project management structures to effectively launch and implement the programme.

The medium-term strategy entails all the activities that will lead to the construction and operation of the first NPP through a Turnkey contractual arrangement, while

The long-term phase of the strategy addresses the issues of expanding the NPP programme to build multiple units, spent fuel and waste management.

SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF GENERALIZE TIME SCALE.

NUCLEAR ENERGY FOR

ELECTRICITY

TARGETS

Viable clean energy option

Injection of 1000MWe by 2022

Injection of 4000MWe by 2030

Reduction of CO2 Emission

Expansion of industrial base

Enhancement of employment opportunities

Reduction of electricity tariff PERIOD I

COMMITMENT PERIOD

2007-2010

PERIOD II INFRASTRUCTURE

DEVELOPMENT PERIOD

2011-2015

PERIOD III

PRE-CONSTRUCTION PERIOD

2016 – 2019.

PERIOD IV

CONSTRUCTION PERIOD

2020 – 2025.

PERIOD V

COMMISSIONING AND OPERATION

PERIOD

2026 – 2030.

Project management

The Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission, which operates under the Presidency, is vested with the primary responsibility for: the planning and implementation of the

country’s nuclear power programme. the management and implementation of

the NPP project.

Project Funding

Currently, the Federal Government is funding the manpower training and infrastructure development component of the programme.

The first project will be implemented on a turnkey basis.

Preferred structure of the NPP-OOO would be a Special-Purpose-Vehicle (SPV) in the form of a “Joint Stock Company” (JSC) which would be created in accordance with national laws and corporate governance.

Electric Grid Development

There is massive upgrade, redesign and expansion of the transmission network to cope with additional capacity needed to meet the projected increase in demand for electricity up to the year 2030.

It is expected that at the time nuclear power plants will become operational, the grid will be strong and stable enough to absorb the injection of electricity from the nuclear plants.

Nigerian Power Grid: Existing, On-going and Proposed 330KV Lines Network

TO SAKETE

ONITSHA

KAINJI

JEBBA/GS

JEBBA/TS

SHIRORO

Ikeja

Akure

Uyo

Birnin Kebbi

Minna

Kaduna

Abuja

Jos

Bauchi

Gombe

Damaturu

Maiduguri Kano

IIorin

Ado Ekiti

Enugu Akwa

Ibadan

Sokoto

Gusau

Katsina

Hadejia

Jalingo

Yola

Abakaliki

Calabar

JIGAWA

KANO

KATSINA

SOKOTO

ZAMFARA

KEBBI

KWARA

KADUNA

NIGER

NASSARAWA

TARABA

YOBE

PLATEAU

EBONYI

CROSS RIVER

OSUN

BAYELSA

EDO

DELTA

ONDO

OYO

IMO

ADAMAWA

BORNO

GOMBE

BAUCHI

EKITI

LAGOS

ATLANTIC OCEAN

NIGER

REPUBLIC OF BENIN

REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON

REPUBLIC OF

CHAD

SAPELE P/ST.

DELTA POWER ST.

OGUN

Osogbo

NIGERIA

Potiskum

Niamey

132 kV

Mambila

Bali

AFAM POWER ST.

Asaba Benin

EGBIN P/ST.

Lokoja

ABUJA

AJAOKUTA

Lafia

Makurdi

MAKURDI

BENUE KOGI

ENUGU

Aliade

ABIA

AKWA IBOM

Owerri

AN AMBRA

Port Harcourt

RIVERS

Umuahia

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

1 1

4

2 2

2 2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2 2 2

2

4

3

ALAGBADO

Abeokuta

2

Olorunsogo

TRANSMISSION LINE LEGEND

BULK SUPPLY POINT

HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION

THERMAL POWER STATIONS

330 KV

H

330KV LINES (EXISTING) – MULTIPLE CIRCUITS

330KV LINES - EXISTING

2

2

2

330KV LINES (FGN) – MULTIPLE CIRCUITS

330KV LINES (PROPOSED PROJECT)

– MULTIPLE CIRCUITS

330KV LINES (NIPP) – MULTIPLE CIRCUITS

330KV LINES - FGN

330KV LINES - NIPP

330KV LINES - PROPOSED PROJECT

2

765KV Super-Grid line

Site Selection

7 sites were considered for site survey and site evaluation exercises by the Commission, two sites have been designated for further detailed characterization and recommendation to government. The sites are located in the areas around: Geregu/Ajaokuta Local Government Area of Kogi State in the

North Central Zone of the country. Itu Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State in the South-

South Zone. All the sites currently being considered would be able to

accommodate more than one nuclear power plant

Site Selection Cont.

Organizations involved in

construction of NPPs

NAEC is the organisation responsible for the implementation of the nuclear power projects.

It is still in the process of selecting appropriate nuclear power plant site, reactor technology and likely vendors.

Fuel cycle including waste

management

The Nigerian nuclear power programme would not develop indigenous fuel cycle technologies and related facilities in the near future. The fuel supply for the nuclear power plants will be a part of the supply contracts. For safe management of radioactive sources in the country, a National Policy and Regulations on Radioactive Waste Management has been developed. A comprehensive Spent Fuel Policy, Regulation and Guidance document is being prepared by a technical committee. Furthermore, a centralized facility for the management of low and intermediate radioactive wastes is currently being developed to deepen the culture of nuclear wastes safety. These programmes are being developed in collaboration with the IAEA

Research and development

R&D organizations

The capacity building and infrastructure development components of the national programme are based in the six nuclear research centers, namely: Center for Energy Research and Training (CERT), Ahmadu Bello

University, Zaria, Kaduna State; Center for Energy Research and Development (CERD), Obafemi

Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State; Nuclear Technology Centre (NTC), Sheda Science and Technology

Complex, Abuja, FCT. Center for Nuclear Energy Research and Training (CNERT), University

of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Bornu State Center for Nuclear Energy Studies (CNES), University of Port Harcourt,

Port Harcourt, Rivers State Center for Nuclear Energy Studies and Training (CNEST), Federal

University of Technology Owerri, Owerri, Imo State

International Co-operation And Initiatives

Nigeria has benefited, in the area of nuclear power development, from the Technical Cooperation assistance of the IAEA through the following programmes: Energy Planning Studies Using Appropriate Analytical

Tools; Feasibility Study for NPP development; Development of Legislative Framework for NPP

Implementation; Development of Regulatory Framework and

Infrastructure; Developing Capacities in Pre-Project Activities for

Nuclear Power Projects; and Development of a Comprehensive National

Radioactive Waste Management System and Disposal Facility, among others.

International co-operation and initiatives

Cont.

Development of a Comprehensive National Radioactive Waste Management System and Disposal Facility, among others.

The Government of Nigeria, is also exploring avenues for further international cooperation for the implementation of the nuclear power programs.

These will entail bilateral as well as multilateral cooperation agreements.

Furthermore, Nigeria has decided to sign up as a partner with GNEP initiative, and at the appropriate time, will also fully participate in the INPRO project.

Nigeria has also signed a cooperation agreement on nuclear power development with the Russian Federation. Some other agreements are also being considered.

Human Resources Development

The strategy for the human resource development includes:

formal education in universities and polytechnics;

on-the-job training;

facility-specific-training provided by reactor vendor

organizations;

direct participation during project implementation and

partnerships with experienced power utility organizations for initial operation of power plants, among others.

Human Resources Development cont.

Steps taken to actualize human resource development plan includes: Strengthening and positioning local institutions for training

of nuclear engineers, scientists and technicians. NAEC has entered into MOUs with several national

universities and polytechnics for the purpose of producing the requisite manpower that will implement the programme in a sustainable manner.

Commencement of postgraduate studies in Nuclear Science and Nuclear Engineering at four partnering universities

Cooperation and partnership with off-shore institutions to train graduate nuclear scientists and engineers as potential faculty for the implementation of the training programmes in the local institutions.

Human Resources Development cont.

Development of physical facilities such as laboratories, workshops and IT facilities, for the implementation of the training programmes in the designated institutions.

Provision of centralized relevant research facilities and

infrastructure at the six national nuclear energy Research Centers for training and capacity building.

Establishment of institutional linkages and bilateral

cooperation for the training of personnel in the various technical and allied fields in the sector.

Stakeholder Communication

There is sustained communication between NAEC and the various organizations in the National Nuclear Energy Programme Implementation Committee (NEPIC).

NAEC is working with the Federal Ministry of Information and media organizations to develop appropriate ways and means of communicating effectively with the directly public to make them more receptive to the introduction of nuclear power in the country.

3. NATIONAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS

3.1 Regulatory framework 3.2 Main national laws and regulations in nuclear

power

3.1 Regulatory framework

Regulatory authority(s)

The Nigeria Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA) was created by the Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Act 19 of 1995 (Act 19 of 1995) and became operational in 2001.

It is regulates all nuclear activities in the country, including the enforcement of all nuclear laws and regulations.

It enforces all ratified and/or domesticated nuclear related international laws and treaties.

NNRA is also responsible for radiation protection and nuclear safety.

Licensing Process

Currently, procedures for the licensing of nuclear power facilities are being developed by the NNRA.

A draft regulation for NPP site licensing is being developed.

Main National Laws And Regulations In

Nuclear Power

Currently, the requisite operational laws in nuclear power development include:

The Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission Law (Act 46 of 1976). The Law is being reviewed / amended to make it cover

all aspects of nuclear power plants development, operation and decommissioning.

Major elements which are being addressed in the law

include nuclear security, radioactive materials and radiation, nuclear liability, radioactive waste, spent fuel and decommissioning, environmental protection, emergency notification of nuclear incidents, foreign investment, and safety of nuclear installations, among others.

Main National Laws And Regulations In

Nuclear Power

The Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA) Act 19 of 1995 which is also being amended for comprehensive coverage of Nuclear Power.

National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency Act 25 of 2007.

Nigeria has endorsed the IAEA Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources and the associated Guidance on the import and export of radioactive sources.

Main National Laws And Regulations In

Nuclear Power

Nigeria has since 2006 promulgated the following regulations:

The Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources Regulations

The Transportation of Radioactive Sources Regulations.

Nigerian Radioactive Waste Management Regulations

Draft Regulations/Guidelines for Licensing of Sites for Nuclear Power Plants.

Main National Laws And Regulations In

Nuclear Power

A National Nuclear or Radiological Emergency Response Plan (NNRERP) has been developed consistent with the requirements of the IAEA Safety Standard Series No. GS-R-2 and the International Safety Standards for the Protection Against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (BSS 115) and in accordance with the IAEA EPR-Method 2003. The NNRERP is being integrated into the National Disaster Response Plan (NDRRP) of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA).

Nigerian Radiation Safety in Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Regulations

Nigerian Radiation Safety in Radiotherapy Regulations,

Nigerian Radiation Safety in Nuclear Medicine Regulations.

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