Counter urbanization

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Final year project Name: Pei Zhang Student ID: 1081107134 Subject Code: MMD 3213 Date: 13. 09. 2012

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Transcript of Counter urbanization

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Final year project

Name: Pei ZhangStudent ID: 1081107134Subject Code: MMD 3213Date: 13. 09. 2012

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Research topic: Counter Urbanization

Background Counter-Urbanization is the movement of population and economic activity away from urban areas. Counter

urbanization was observed for the first time in the USA. The population redistribution started in the 1960s, but became an important feature only in the 1970s.

The process involves the moving of the population away from urban areas such as towns and cities to a new town, a new estate, a commuter town or a village. The first two of these destinations were often encouraged by government schemes whereas the latter two were generally the choice of more middle class, socially mobile persons from their own prerogative. With the improvement of inner city transport infrastructure, and more sustainable public transport, people no-longer have to live close to their work, and so can easily commute each day.

The main reasons why counter urbanization happened are high land values, high local taxes, traffic problems, high living pace, high living costs and pollutions. But for different cities, there are maybe some specific reasons for each of them.

There are some major effects caused by counter urbanization. The first one is that the majority of the services in the area are forced to close. This is because the majority of people moving into the areas commute to work everyday so instead of using the small village shops for their groceries they use the large supermarkets in the urban areas in which they work. Business in rural areas then have to close because they cannot get enough trade. The second one is Counter-urbanization affects the layout if rural settlements, modern housing is built on the outside of the area and industrial estates are built on large main roads leading into the settlements. http://www.lewishistoricalsociety.com/wiki/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=74

http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Om_SDU/Institutter/Iful/Formidling/IFUL_WP_6_Counterurbanization.pdf http://brooksbankgeographyyr13.wikispaces.com/Case+Study+-+Effects+of+Counterurbanisation

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Problem Identification

-Causes and effects of counter urbanization-How to balance the development of cities and the qualities of human lives in cities

-How to improve people’s life in cities

Aim and Objectives -To make people learn more about counter urbanization

-To attract people pay more attention on this topic and try to think about some solutions-Maybe also give some tips of what everyone can do to improve their own lives in urban areas without moving to rural areas

Motivation I'm interested in this problem. I want to find more about why two such different thing happen at the same time. And

as a person who lives in the city, I want to try to find some simple ways to help ourselves live better.

Ideation and concept Do an interaction design to show this topic. Try to combine different media such as texts, photos, videos, etc in one

design.

Review, Analysis and precedence studies http://www.daydreameducation.co.uk/servlet/Detail?no=2864&category=Geography%3AInteractive+Software http://www.notchstudio.com/

Design Approach Interaction Design (Flash, website, etc)

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Research Methods Online research Online Survey Online Interview (Unfinished)

Problem Statement How much do people know about counter urbanization? What are counter urbanization and its causes? What are the effects of counter urbanization to urban and rural areas? What is its impact on the development of counter urbanization? Is there any methods can help to balance the development of cities and the

qualities of human lives in cities? What kind of life do people more prefer? Is there any ways to help people to improve their lives without changing living

place?

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Based on online research

The concept of counter urbanization was introduced firstly by Berry in America, 1976. Counter urbanization describes the process of people moving away from urban areas to smaller settlements and rural areas. This kind of process leads to the growth of rural areas beyond urban areas.

There are some main causes of counter urbanization. People move out from urban areas mainly because they want to avoid those negative effects and they want better and easier lives. According to the materials, the first cause is the high living costs in urban areas. High living costs make people’s lives hard and sometimes they cannot afford it, so they choose to move to rural areas since the living costs in rural areas are lower such as the house price. The second reason is environmental problems inurban areas such as sound pollutions, air pollutions and water pollutions. People prefer to live in a healthier environment, so they choose to move. Then, overcrowding and traffic problems because of the large population in urban areas is anther main cause of counter urbanization. Next cause is the high crime rate in urban. High living pace in urban areas is also a cause ofcounter urbanization. Last but not least, the development of technology is also considered to be a reason. Since the development of technology, people don’t have to live near their working place. It is possible for them to transport every daybetween the working place in cities and their homes in rural areas by modern transport tools, and technology like Internet and laptop makes it easier to work everywhere.

Counter urbanization also brings many impacts both to urban and rural areas. For rural areas, counter urbanization make them develop faster and bring them more chances and people. Next, farmers can make large amounts of money by selling lands to developers from cities. But counter urbanization will also make some negative impacts on rural areas. Such as environment in rural areas may be damaged because of the development, and there may be some conflict between old and new residents or modern and traditional culture.

To urban areas, counter urbanization also make both positive and negative impacts on them. After some population migrate to rural areas, current situation in cities will become better, pressures of cities can be relieved. But on the other hand, when many people move out from cities, urban areas may be lack of labor force and development will be slower. At the same time, negative impact will happen on economy in urban areas.

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Based on online survey and online interview- People do not know very much about counter urbanization.- People sometimes ignore this issue.- The main reason why people prefer to live in the city is the convenience.- The main reason why people prefer to live in rural areas are better environment, lower costs and lower living pace.- People have some ideas to help themselves to improve their lives

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Photos and Videos

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Tutorials about D.I.Y, recycling, etc.

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Approach: Interactive websiteAims

- To make people know more about counter urbanization- To help people to choose their life styles- To give ideas and tutorials about D.I.Y, recycling, etc.- To offer a place for people to share their opinions about counter urbanization and life styles.- To make it easier and more interesting for people to learn about counter urbanization

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Geographical Context Cultural Context Personal Context Social Context

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Content introduction What I am going to do is a website. The four main parts of the website are as following:

- Introduction- Urban life vs. Rural life- Ideas to live better in the city- Forum

-IntroductionIn this part, users can get to know the basic information about counter urbanization such as what is counter urbanization, the causes and effects of counter urbanization. The information about this part is come from articles and journals I have read and I will try to explain it based on our daily lives to make it easier to understand.

-Urban life vs. Rural lifeI will compare these two different life styles in this part. To discuss about the advantages and disadvantages of either of them to help people to choose the life style they like. The information for this part is based on what I have read, and also based on my research and survey. The photos and concept video will be used for this part, too.

-Ideas to live better in the cityIn this part, I try to give ideas about how to live better in the city such as recycling, DIY and low-carbon life. The contents of this part come from my research and survey, and also my experience.

-ForumUnder this part, users can give their opinions about counter urbanization, different life style, smart ideas to improve their life, and etc. Users also can check the others' opinions and give comments. A map will also be used for users to locate themselves.

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Flowchart

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Storyboards

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Storyboards

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Functional specification worksheets

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Functional specification worksheets

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Software Software going to be used for this project are:

-Adobe Photoshop For editing images and UI design-Adobe Illustrator For UI design-Adobe Dreamweaver For building the website-Some other software may be used

Tutorials Since a website contents many details, so I just find some general tutorials online and

some books. I also fond some tutorials for how to do a map for users.

Online tutorials:http://trendytuts.com/http://learning.artech.cn/http://www.8bears.com/http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/

Tutorials for the map:http://www.html5china.com/HTML5features/Geolocation/20110924_1928.htmlhttp://maps.google.com/help/maps/getmaps/plot-one.html

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