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Transcript of Costume Comenius
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AGRUPAMENTO DE ESCOLAS FOZ DO NEIVA
VIANA
AND
ITS COSTUMES
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Clothing appears linked to the
beginnings of mankind. While we can
not accurately determine the timewhen man began to dress, we know that
the fabrics appear with the
first Neolithic communities in the Fertile
Crescent region, around the eighth
millennium BC. Formerly man was limited
to cover the body with leaves, tree bark
and animal skins.
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The mechanical loom appears in England during the Industrial
Revolution (eighteenth century) and it allowed a revolutionarychange in the textile sector.
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Celtiberians
CarthaginianLusitanian
The war brought with it the necessity of military
dress, designed to provide maximum protection and
flexibility to combatants.
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Visigothic
Arabic
Roman
Greek
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Vikings
Medieval Knight
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From a merely protective function, clothing will
soon assume a character of social, economic and
cultural differentiation.
The richThe poor
CLOTHING AS SYMBOL OF SOCIAL
DIFFERENTIATION
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In the second half of the nineteenth century, contrary to
what happened to the wealthier classes, the people were still
wearing traditional clothes, which varied according to region
and profession.
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The linen plant
Sheep
Os The traditional costumes of Viana
were made with two basic raw
materials: linen and wool.
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Despite their variety, thecostumes of the women in the
region of Viana have common
characteristics: long round
skirts, short jackets, aprons and
large handmade white socks.
Noteworthy is the gold that
Viana women bear, even
in times less likely as in
mourning. Even working in the
fields, they did not dispensed
with gold hidden inside
their shirts.
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With regard to the vianesa style costume, used in
the villages around Viana do Castelo, it is necessary to consider the
location and the time that it was used.
We can consider three major types of attire: the "party one,the "work one, and the "Sunday one."
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The party costume is the richest
and most flamboyant, used only onspecial occasions, as was the case in
honor of the feast of the patron saint of
the village or the feasts of Our Lady
of Agony.
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The work costume
is simple, made with materials
of lower predicament
and sparsely decorated.
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The "Sunday costume which lies
between the party costume and
the work costume, it lacks the
richness of the first, and the
simplicity of the second. It was
used to go to church or the town.
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Mordomas were the girls who used to
help to organise the festival. They asked for
donations, organised auctions to raise money
and were responsible for the cleaning anddecoration of the areas where the festival
would take place. They also had the
honourable position of representing the
village during important moments.
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Girls were married in the same outfit
that was used to be mordomas, with a
few small alterations, possibly because
being Mordoma for women was as
important as marriage.The wedding dress was a noble black
dress, only brightened by the light
colour of the had scarf, the white of
the socks and the brilliant yellow of
the gold.
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The work of
collecting the seaweed was
always done in the water.
The man costume -
Branqueta - was madeof thick wool with natural
color, down to the knee, and
tight with little wheel in
front of a set of buttons
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The women costume
had two parts: a skirt
and a jacket.
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Some of the pieces of
the party garment of Minhowomen.
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The importance
of the Viana style
costume is evident in this
photograph dated 1890, in
which the futureKing Manuel II, last king of
Portugal, is at the lap of her
nurse, who is dressed in
the Viana style costume.
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Bibliography:Botelho, J. A. (2010). Museu do Traje de Viana do Castelo - Catálogo. Viana do Castelo: Câmara Municipal de
Viana do Castelo
THE END
AGRUPAMENTO DE ESCOLAS FOZ DO NEIVA - PORTUGAL
Prepared within the framework of the Comenius project -
the 6th grade classes. January 2012.
(Orientation of disciplinary groups of History and Arts).