Cosmic Adventure 4：1-4 Earth vs Zyrkonia

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EARTH VS ZYRKONIA

Cosmic Adventure 4.01: The Interplanetary Tournament


Inauguration

Ladies and gentlemen, today, I have the pleasure of announcing a match between one of the most renown man in the science community on Earth – Dr Einstein and the powerful cyborg lady Angela from the planet Zyrkonia.

It is not only an interplanetary tournament, but an inter-stellar one between our solar system and the Zyrkonia star system.


Dr Albert Einstein

Here is Dr Albert Einstein, the most famous scientist on earth, reputed to be the topmost genius of modern times. Even until the twentieth century, his fame grows on without bound.

Dr Einstein is well known for his invention of the Theory of Relativity, both Special and General. We are dealing with the Special theory in this tournament, in which, Dr Einstein will be free to take the form a wizard, a knight, a scientist, or a magician, whatever he thinks fit.


Angela

Here is the other contestant – the cyborg Lady Angela from the planet Zyrkonia. Angela believes that she has the alternatives to the Theory of Relativity. It is called visonics in Zyrkonia.

Angela likes to be in the form of a pretty witch, a fairy, a beautiful woman, or whatever pretty form she thinks appropriate.


Judge and Umpire

Besides the competitors of Dr Einstein and Lady Angela, we have the honours of other renown scientists who are involved in the project of Special Relativity.

His honour Sir Isaac Newton will be our judge and umpire.

Sir Isaac is so well known on Earth that he does not need any introduction. But one thing we most probably not familiar with – Sir Newton was also an alchemist in his later years.


8T1 and T2

Here are T1 and T2, our scorers. They will advise us with their comments and present the scores.

Do not look down on their backgrounds. They are both engineers of the highest calibre in all kinds of technologies. May be better than those on Earth, because they are also from Zyrkonia. Being robots, they will not be biased.

In the meantime, they are putting the spacecraft on auto-pilot. T1 T2


There are too many people on earth involved in the development of the theory of Relativity. We cannot call on them at the same time.


So they will be seated at the jury box or spectator stand and appear when called for.


The Subject of Contention

The combat subject is between Zyrkonian optics (classical photon mechanics) and Special Relativity. The purpose of the tournament is to see which one contains more objective truth.

This match is of paramount importance because, according to Angela, the results will determine the future path of physics on Earth.


NATURAL OR CONVENTIONAL LIGHT

Cosmic Adventure 4.02


OK! Let the fun begin!

We shall start with the ladies.


Natural or Normal Light

We don’t have superlight in Zyrkonia. We have only normal or natural light. The photons behave like superlight except in observation.


Newton:

Hang on! My Lady. It is not appropriate to use the word normal or natural. Otherwise what Dr Einstein presents will become abnormal and unnatural.

Angela:

Sorry your Highness. I shall use the words ‘conventional’ or ‘classical’ instead.


Speed of Sources

The speed of conventional light is independent of the speed of the source. Once the light is off the source, it flies out at the speed 𝑐.

[This phenomenon is one of the basic characteristics of light. They are related to its basic nature when we go into the micro-scale. We shall have a separate discussion under this title.]


Speed by Stationary Observers

But, one thing is for sure, the propagation of light has nothing to do with our visual observation because there is no contact.

Suppose we have a way of seeing light directly, as in a thought experiment, then we can tell the relative speed right away.

When the spaceman is at rest, he will definitely see the light speeding pass him at speed 𝑐.

0 ± 𝑐 = 𝑐

𝑣

𝑐


Apparent Speed

The photons are physical objects on the move. Even if we close our eyes, we can still imagine that they are there travelling at speed 𝑐. If the spaceman can fly faster, he can rest assured that light will appear slower, same way as we observe speeding objects. Then the speed of light will be:

𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = 𝑐 ± 𝑣

i.e. plus or minus the observer speed.


Apparent Speed Addition

Let us imagine that the spaceman is traveling at a velocity of 50,000 km/sec. If a light passes along him in the same direction, then the speed of light with respect to the spaceman is:

Both in the same direction:

Appar𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = (300,000 − 50,000)𝑘𝑚/ sec =250,000𝑘𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐

Both in the opposite direction:

Appar𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = (300,000 + 50,000)𝑘𝑚/ sec =350,000𝑘𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐


Apparent Speed are Mathematical and Unreal

These are apparent speeds. They are only mathematical in nature and are unreal because the speeds do not interact with each other. However, they are there to facilitate our calculations.

Such an addition of velocity is in complete agreement with common experience and the principles of relative velocities in classical mechanics. That is why we call it classical, conventional, or, if we are allowed - natural light.

My conclusion is: . . .

Only observational. Not interacting.


The velocity

of light in

vacuum has

different

values to

observers

with different

speeds.

The First Principle of Visonics

Zyrkonian Textbook


Thanks my Lady. Well presented. You are talking about the light I ‘normally’ understand.

Now, it is Dr Einstein’s turn. You are the modern scientist who had made me restless in my Abbot grave. I look forward to be convinced now by what you will tell me.


RELATIVISTIC SUPERLIGHT

Cosmic Adventure 4.03

Super-Light


The Superlight

One of my greatest spell is the mythical superlight. It is the same kind of light that gives us vision. But there is something more about it than that meets our eyes.


Superlight different from the conventional light

It can travel at speed 𝑐 alright.

But there is something unusual about its speed. It is independent not only on the motion of the source but also on the speed of the observers.


Observer at rest

So when the observer is at rest, what he sees is a light travelling at the speed 𝑐, provided, of course, that he can see it. However this is a thought experiment, so visual contact with light is allowed.

𝑣 = 0

𝑐

Its c


Observer on the move

The outstanding thing is, when the observer is moving at speed 𝑣, his measurement of light speed is still 𝑐.

𝑣Still c

𝑐


Observer on the move

Even when the observer is moving at 99.9% the speed of light, what he can see is still the light at speed c.

The speed of light is so constant that it goes to the length of adapting to changes in the observer’s motion.

This adaptability is the unique characteristics of light I have found.

So I said: . . .

𝑣 = 99.9%𝑐

𝑐

Still c


The velocity

of light in

vacuum has

the same

value in all

inertial

systems.

The Second Principle of Special Relativity

Albert Einstein


To be continued on Cosmic Adventure 4.04

PROVING THE TWO LIGHTS

Cosmic Adventure 4：1-4 Earth vs Zyrkonia

Science

Transcript of Cosmic Adventure 4：1-4 Earth vs Zyrkonia