CORRUPTION-A MENACE

TABLE OF CONTENTS•Introduction•Most affected sectors by corruption in Pakistan•Top 10 corrupt countries in the world•Pakistan ranking in the corrupt countries•Causes of corruption in Pakistan•Solutions•Conclusions

INTRODUCTIONCorruption is a social evil , it is very disastrous , it not only effect the working govt. but also the society . No country in the world is save from this evil , even developed countries has to fight with this disease and has proved to be disastrous for developing countries like Pakistan . Corruption is illegal , irregular and unlawful exercise in order to obtain some benefits either in monetary form or to gain some power . Generally corruption is interpret in a sense of bribery . Range of corruption contains everything from bribery to power or professional malpractice . Favoritism and misuse of powers are immediate outcome of corruption .

Quaid-e-Azam described corruption as curse while he was addressing to Constituent Assembly ; he said ;“One of the biggest curse from which India is suffering is bribery and corruption that is a poison ,we must put that down with an iron hand .”

History proved him right in his approach as after 64 years of independence ; corruption has eroded the economy of Pakistan , imbued social immorality and has dreadful implication on governance.

Most affected sectors by corruption in Pakistan•Police and law enforcement:

According to recently survey Police is on top . Everybody is involved in corruption . It may be favoritism , bribery , blackmail or just plain influence . Most of the police officers have forgotten that they were hired to safe guard the lives of the people and provide them justice and safety .

•Judiciary and legal profession:Corruption in judicial systems is threatening the

protection of human rights. A united nations independence expert said , urging governments to implement policies to strengthen the rule of law combat this practice .“The pervasiveness of corruption in the judiciary and legal profession, whether one off or endemic , is very worrying because it directly undermines the rule of law and the ability of the judiciary to guarantee the protection of human rights .”

• Tax and customs:Tax and customs authorities are frequently among the

most corrupt institution in many countries for staff, opportunities for corruption and temptation to engage in it numerous, including speeding up services, undervaluing cargo and helping with tax evasion. Based on experiences from a wide range of countries. According to 2002 study , 99% of 256 respondents reported facing corruption with regards to taxation . Furthermore, 32% of respondents reported paying bribes to have their tax assessment lowered, and nearly 14% reported receiving fictitious tax assessment until a bribe was paid.•Health sector:

Crises has landed up to the health care system in Pakistan too. Its so miserable that the outer infra structure of public health sector are upgraded but the interior has relegated and is no more in use as what it was meant to be . Basic care is not supplied to them then what’s the purpose to have such a big building with no delivery of care? The rationale behind this condition is in our hospital is due to drastic rise of corruption rate.

• Education sector:Pakistan is not the only country facing corruption in

education alone. It covers the whole world, even those countries that are the flag-bearers of modern learning and boast of a top-class academia.UNESCO in 2007 reported examined in detail how corruption damaged universities and schools around the world. Koichiro Matsuura, the then director-general of UNESCO, remarked that :“such widespread corruption not only costs societies billions of dollars , it also seriously undermines the vital efforts to provide education for all.”While corruption in education is a global issue, an objective comparison between corruption trends in Pakistan and other states reveals marginal differences in terms of the nature, means and methods. In Pakistan, corruption in education is institutionalized in such a way that it has become the norm, whereas in other counties rogue elements are involved in corruption at the individual level and in clandestine manner.

•Land administration:

Pakistani land administration is rife with corruption . According to the Transparency International Pakistan National Corruption Perception Survey 2011, respondents considered land administration as the most corrupt government department . A majority of the respondents reported having faced corruption when dealing with land administration officials, and this problem is also reflected in the Transparency International Global Corruption Barometer 2013 , in which more than half of the surveyed households report to have paid a bribe to land services in 2012.

TOP 10 CORRUPT COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

• SOMALIA • AFGHANISTAN • BURMA • SUDAN • IRAQ • CHAD • UZBEKISTAN • TURKMENISTAN• IRAN • HAITI

PAKISTAN RANKING IN CORRUPT COUNTRIES

Pakistan ranking on the corruption Perception Index (CPI) has gone from beginning the 42nd most corrupt country in 2011 to 33rd in 2012.And in 2013 Pakistan ranking in the CPI is 48th .

CAUSE OF CORRUPTION IN PAKISTAN Everyone wants to fulfill their needs or to get success so corrupt ways are used for that purpose . This is the reason for many types of corruption. Some of them are discussed bellow:• LOW SALERIES:

The basic reason for corruption is low salaries. So mostly corruption is to be seen where there are people having fewer salaries they use corrupt ways to achieve the goal. It is true that they do not have any other way to fulfill their needs.

•LACK OF ACCOUNTABILITY AND REGULATION: Corruption is more prevalent because of lack of accountability and regulation. If money that the government receives is going in their pocket rather than being spent on the people who need it, on their education, health and so on, then the consequences are obvious that many people do not pay taxes. The government doesn’t get any money from taxes and so can’t do anything to help people.• CULTURE: Corruption on low-level is systematic and fed by desperation. In many of these nations, it’s almost expected that a policeman or clerk will earn a fair amount of income through bribes, so the states pay these workers less based on the assumptions. The “everyman for himself” attitude in some cultures encourages this.

SOLUTIONSFollowing are some solutions to reduce corruption from our home land:•Salaries of the government servants working at lower level should be increased. •All civil and military officers, politicians and other responsible persons should be asked to file a declaration of their assets before assuming any public office. A security of their wealth, after they have relinquished that office should also be made.•The institution of Ombudsman should be given more powers. The scope and areas of his jurisdiction should be enlarged.•A powerful anti-corruption commission comprising known men of integrity should be constituted. It should be empowered to take action against any person found guilty.

CONCLUSIONSCorruption can only be minimized by deterrent legislation ; which ensures that the crime of corruption will not pay , neither in short nor in long term.Developing a system to post these dynamic people to the heads of NAB, FIA, Anti-corruption departments of provincials governments.Also, these departments must be independent accountable to higher judiciary only. And proper enforcement of law .