Corporate Design PowerPoint-Templates Conference_09-07_V_1a.pdfSystem Enhancement &...
Transcript of Corporate Design PowerPoint-Templates Conference_09-07_V_1a.pdfSystem Enhancement &...
1 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re Power Transmission and Distribution
Prospects of FACTS Technologies for Power Transmission Enhancement
1 09-2007
200720072007
Karl UeckerDietmar RetzmannJuergen Lottes Dietmar Saubach
PTD H 1 MT/Re
2 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Electrical Energy is the Backbone of our Society …
… today and in Future
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3 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Power System Development: The Key-Issue –How to avoid Bottlenecks
PrivatisationGlobalisation/Liberalisation
Deregulation - Privatization: Opening of the Markets, Independent Transmission Companies ITCs, Regional Transmission Organisations RTOs
Problem of uncontrolled Loop FlowsOverloading & Excess of allowed SCC* LevelsSystem Instabilities & Outages
System Enhancement & Interconnections:Higher Voltage Levels **New Transmission TechnologiesRenewable Energies
** Example UCTE: 400 kV is in fact too low** Example UCTE: 400 kV is in fact too low
* SCC = Short-Circuit Current
for CO2 Reduction
PrivatisationBottlenecks inTransmission
Investments inPower Systems
4 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Elimination of Bottlenecks in Transmission -Prevention of Overloads and Outages
Load Displacement by Series Compensation
Load Management by HVDC
Short-Circuit Current Limitation for Connection of new Power Plants
SVC & HVDC for Prevention of Voltage Collapse
* PTDF = Power Transfer Distribution Factor
The FACTS & HVDC “Application Guide”
*
5 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
VL
V1V2
δ
PPVV11
XXG ~ G ~
,, δ1II
VV22,, δ2
where VV11 = VV22 , δ = δ1 - δ2
V V 22
XXPP == sinsin δ
VC
without Compensation
-- XXCC
Series Compensation
BenefitsReduction in Transmission AngleIncrease in Transmission Capacity
XXCC
1st Step: Influence of Series Compensation
V1 V2
δ
with Compensation
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2nd Step: Improvement in Voltage Profile with SVC
230 kV - 300 km
V1
Grid
with SVC
a) b) c) d)1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
V2
V2N
The maximal Voltage ControlRange depends on:
a) Heavy Load
b) Light Load
c) Outage of 1 Line(at full Load)
d) Load Rejectionat Bus 2
System Conditions:
SVC
V2
Load
(var. Slope)
QSVC/SCP *
without SVC
* SCP = Short-Circuit Power (System MVA)
7 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Wind Power Generation during a Week of maximum Load in the E.ON Grid – Example of Germany Source: E.ON - 2003
Problems with Wind Power Generationo Wind Generation varies stronglyo It can not follow the Load Requirements
Additional Reserve Capacityis required
This will be a big Issue both in the German Grid Development and worldwide
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Network: 2001, Weak LoadWind Generators: DFIGLines Voltages: 400 kV 220 kVPower Stations:
8 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Germany: Voltage Profile at a 3-phase Fault
Loss of WG
170 MW1,130 MW2,160 MW2,700 MW
≤ 40 %≤ 50 %≤ 60 %≤ 70 %
Voltage
Outage of 2,700 MW Wind Power Generation
Source: E.ON 2002
Voltage Collapse – and a large Blackout
System Configuration
Simulation Results:
1 puVoltage
Voltage Support essential
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FACTSFACTSPower Quality
in High Voltage
AC Systems
Flexible AC Transmission Systems
9 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re09-2007
10 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission Systems: Support of Power FlowSVC – Static Var Compensator* (The Standard of Shunt Compensation)SVC PLUS (= STATCOM - Static Synchr. Compensator, with VSC) FSC – Fixed Series Compensation TCSC – Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation*TPSC – Thyristor Protected Series Compensation**GPFC – Grid Power Flow Controller* (FACTS-B2B)UPFC – Unified Power Flow Controller (with VSC)
TCSC/TPSC
FSC
ACAC
/ TPSC
/ STATCOMSVC
ACAC
Advanced Power Transmission Systems
GPFC/UPFC
AC AC
/ UPFC
* with LT Thyristors** with special High
Power LT Thyristors
and SCCL **for Short-Circuit Current Limitation
11 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Application of SVC – Pelham, UK
Benefits:o Improvement in Voltage Qualityo Increased Stability
400 kV, 50 Hz
Voltage Control Reactive Power ControlPower Oscillation DampingUnbalance Control (Option)
19912 parallel SVCs
Deregulation caused Transmission Problems
Europe: UK goes ahead withFACTS – 27 SVCs
12 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
SVC Bom Jesus da Lapa, Enelpower, Brazil500 kV, +/-250 MVAr – Containerized Solution
2002
Valves & Control
Benefits:o Improvement in Voltage Qualityo Increased Stabilityo Avoidance of Outages
13 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
SVC Siems – the 1st HV SVC in Germany
2004
HVDC: Power Increase – from 450 MW to 600 MW
634,000 tons p.a.Reduction in CO2:
by means of the SVCSiems – in Germany,for Baltic Cable HVDC
The Problem: no Right-of-Way for 400 kV ACGrid Access of Baltic Cable HVDC – only 110 kV
HVDC and FACTS in parallel Operation
Very high Requirementsfor Noise Abatement
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SVC Radsted – an innovative indoor Solution *
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HVDC Storebælt
Customer:SEAS-NVE Holding A/S
System Data:Rating 80 MVAr cap.
65 MVAr ind.Voltage 132 kVConfiguration TCR + FC
12-Pulse
* Extremely high Requirements for Noise Abatement
SVC Radsted
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TCR Reactors, Thyristor Valve & Filters
Power Transmission and Distribution15 09-2007 PTD H 1 MT/Re15 09-2007 PTD H 1 MT/Re
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Outdoor: Only Switchgear
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& Cooling Systems
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Benefits of SVC Radsted – Denmark
Power Transmission and Distribution17 09-2007
174,000 tons p.a. – by using Wind Power … and SVC for Voltage Support
Reduction in CO2
PTD H 1 MT/Re
and even more – in Future
2006
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Powerlink – Australia, Refurbishment of 10 SVCs for Voltage Support in a Traction Supply Network
Oonooie SVC
Grantleigh SVC
Mining CoalCoal Mining
Coal Hauling
Examples
Security of Transportation Systems
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Powerlink – Australia, Refurbishment of 10 SVCs for Voltage Support in a Traction Supply Network
2007
9 SVCs with Advanced 48 hrs containerized Solution1 SVC with Standard Refurbishment Solution
Railway Line
275 kV AC Line132 kV AC Line
Siemens is an Expert in Refurbishment of Valves & Controls
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9 QR SVCs – using the Advanced 48 hrs containerized Solution
A unique Solution – for very fast Re-Energization of the existing SVC Components (Transformers, Reactors, Capacitors, Filters etc.
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9 QR SVCs – the Advanced 48 hrs containerized Solution
Examples of Cable Crossbonding:Highly important
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After 48 hrs – Step 1 finished and all SVC Functions available
Work is done –and the SVC operates properly
Step 2:
4 Weeks for full Refurbishment of Valves, Controls & Protection in the SVC Building
Step 3:
48 hrs for Disconnection of SVC Container and Energization of the fully refurbished QR SVC
Container ready fornext QR SVC Plant
Excellent Workof a great Team
23 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
FACTS for Series Compensation – The TalaTCSC Project: Bulk Hydro Power from Bhutan to Delhi Area
Hydro-Power from Purnea to Delhi Area
Safe andClean Energy for Mega-cities
World’s Biggest FACTS Project forSeries Compensation
475 km
2 x FSCs: Increase in Transmission Capacity2 x TCSCs: Power Oscillation Damping
2 x 1.7 GVAr !
2006
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TPSCs Vincent & Midway/USA: five Systems at 500 kV –fully proven in Practice, plus two new Projects (El Dorado)
Outdoor Valves on a PlatformLT Thyristors, self-cooled
TPSC Technology:
2000 - 2006
Thyristor Protected Series Compensation
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Auto-ReclosureDead-Time
260°C
50°C
TPSCValveTemp.
Thyr. Valve
LineBreaker
5 Cycles Fault-Clearing Time (maximal)
0.6 s after the Fault the Valveis back in Pre-Fault Condition
Time / s 1.1 1.3 1.50.90.70.5
Bypass CB
No Problem !Standard FSC with MOV requires up to 8 hours to cool down
In this Case: SeriesCapacitor not availablefor quite a long Time !
Designed for Valve Currents up to 110 kA peak
Benefits of TPSC: High Availability after Fault Clearing
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Bus 1 Bus 2
AC AC
SCCLSCCL
TPSCTPSC + ReactorReactor
A new Idea !SCCL uses TPSC
SCCL – an innovative FACTS Device with TPSC
TThyristor hyristor PProtected rotected SSeries eries CCompensationompensation
Use of proven Technology
Short-Circuit Current Limiter
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FACTSFACTSwithwith VSC VSC --
Power Quality for AC Systems
Power Transmission and Distribution
SVCSVC PLUSPLUS
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From Active Filter to SVC PLUS
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VSC
VSC
Active Filter for Neptune HVDC: – highest harmonic Performance
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SVC PLUS – A View on the Technology
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Control System Modular Multilevel Converter Cooling System
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The containerized SVC PLUS Solution
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SVC PLUS with H-Bridge Modules
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Modul #1
Modul #2
Modul #3
Modul #4
Modul #8
Modul #7
Modul #6
Modul #5
Similar Benefits
in Comparison
with HVDC
PLUS
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Bottlenecks
Advanced Technologiesand Congestion by use of
Transmission needs …
Elimination of
Conclusions
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33 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Recordings from NATAL SVCs / RSA (2 TCR & 3 Filter)
Illovo SVC 1995 1996 1997 1998Availability (%) 99.9 99.45 100 100
Forced and deferred Outages
2 5 2 1
Off-line Maintenance
0h 80h00 102h26 162h00
On-line Maintenance
10h15 2h00 3h00 0
MDT in hrs 2h13 9h40 36h40 1h00
Athene SVC 1995 1996 1997 1998Availability (%) 99.78 99.71 99.92 99.77
Forced and deferred Outages
4 9 1 2
Off-line Maintenance
4h00 81h00 62h00 60h15
On-line Maintenance
1h00 0 0 0
MDT in hrs 4h40 3h20 4h40 10h30
Guaranteed Availability: 98 - 99 %
For Comparison:
Full Power Availability of
Conventional Power Plant93 % *
Wind Farm39 % only *
- same for HVDC– Example of
FACTS:Availability of Power Electronics
close to 100 %
* Sources: BMU 2002, DENA Study 02-24-2005
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SeriesFSC
NGH
TPSC
TCSC
2, 2 Tian Guang 2003Kayenta 1992
Serra de Mesa 1999
Imperatriz 1999
Fortaleza 1986••
•
•
Samambaia 2002
•
Virginia Smith 1988
•Welsh 1995
•
Acaray 1981
•••Dürnrohr 1983
Etzenricht 1993Wien Südost 1993
•
Bom Jesus da Lapa 2002
•
Limpio 2003
•
Ibiuna 2002
•3 Vincent 2000
•Jacinto 2000
Funil 2001
2 Pelham, 2 Harker & 2 Central, 1991-1994
•Clapham 1995,Refurbishment
•
Atacama 1999
•
P. Dutra 1997
•Cerro Gordo 1999
•Chinú 1998
•Impala
•2 Adelanto 1995
•
•3 Montagnais 1993
•
2 Kemps Creek 1989
•Brushy Hill 1988
•
•
Campina Grande 2000
2 Zem Zem 1983
•
••
•
•
Rejsby Hede 1997
•Sullivan 1995
•Paul Sweet 1998 •
Inez 1998
•
2 Marcy 2001-2003
Military Highway 2000
•Kanjin (Korea) 2002
•
Lugo 1985
Laredo 2000
•
Spring Valley 1986
••IllovoAthene•
Muldersvlei 1997
•
2 Tecali 20023 Juile 2002
•Barberton 2003•
Maputo 2003
Milagres 1988
• 2 Yangcheng 2000
•2 Hechi 2003
•
•
Eddy County 1992
2 Dominion 2003
2 Cuddapah 20032 Gooty 2003
•
Lamar 2005
2 Midway 2004 Seguin 1998•
1994-1995
Porter 2006Dayton 2006
Nine Mile 2005
ParallelSVC
MSC/R
.
.Moyle MSC 2003Willington 1997
2 Hoya Morena &Jijona 2004
Baish 2005Samitah 2006 .
K.I. North 2004
Kapal 1994
Ghusais,Hamria,Mankhool, Satwa
1997
.
Siems 2004
Cano Limón 1997
• 2006
••
2, 2 Purnea2, 2 Gorakhpur
•
••• Châteauguay 1984
Ahafo 2006•
•
2 Lucknow 2006
•
3 Puti 2005
• Iringa 2006 Shinyanga 2006
3, 2 El Dorado2006
•
Radsted 2006
•
• 2 Sabah 2006
Nebo 2007,Refurbishment
9 Powerlink 2007,Refurbishment
Devers 2006
2 Benejama &Saladas 2006
La Pila 1999
•
•• •• ••
Jember 1994
•Nopala 2007
•
•
Sa o Luiz 2007
Sinop 2007
2 Fengjie 2006•
Status: 09-2007
••
Strathmore 2007
2 x 1.7 GVAr !
… and over 115 Industry SVCs all over the World
5 North-South III, Lot B 2007
•
2 Bellaire & Crosby 2008
••
••
Buzwagi 2007
Prospects of Power Electronics – Example of
Load FlowB2B
PTD H 1 MT/Re
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In total: over 170 SVCs
••
•
2 Greenbank & Southpine 2008
STATCOMFlicker STATCOM HVDC PLUS
UPFCCSC
Plus 22 Projects for HVDC Long Distance Transmission …
8 alone between 2000 &2005 in 4 Continents12 x VSC
35 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Thank You for your Attention!
Intelligent Solutions for Power Transmission
with with HVDCHVDC & &
FACTSFACTS fromfrom
HVDC HVDC PLUSPLUSandand SVCSVC PLUSPLUS
Now available –with VSC PLUS Technology
SiemensSiemens
… and the Lights will keep shining !
36 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re
Intelligent Solutions for Power Transmission
SustainabilitySustainability &&
SecuritySecurity
Thank You for your Attention !
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