CorPlan : A Community Oriented Planning Tool for the Eastern Planning Initiative

CorPlan and the Eastern Planning InitiativeCorPlan and the Eastern Planning InitiativePresented to the AMPO Travel Model SubcommitteePresented to the AMPO Travel Model Subcommittee

CorPlanCorPlan::A Community Oriented Planning A Community Oriented Planning

ToolToolfor the Eastern Planning for the Eastern Planning

InitiativeInitiativePresented toPresented toThe AMPO Travel Model The AMPO Travel Model

SubcommitteeSubcommitteeSeptember 29September 29thth, 2003, 2003

Renaissance Planning Renaissance Planning GroupGroup


BackgroundBackground• Long Range Transportation Plan Long Range Transportation Plan

for the Gainesville Urbanized for the Gainesville Urbanized AreaArea

• Urban form scenariosUrban form scenarios• First of its kind in FloridaFirst of its kind in Florida


Urban Form ScenariosUrban Form Scenarios


The ProcessThe Process• Community visioningCommunity visioning• Translate visions into population Translate visions into population

and employment allocations – and employment allocations – ZDATAZDATA

• Evaluate using travel demand Evaluate using travel demand modelmodel


Population AllocationPopulation Allocation

Radial Development ConceptTown/Village Center Concept

Westward Growth Compact Area Concept


Employment AllocationEmployment Allocation

Radial Development ConceptTown/Village Center Concept

Westward Growth Compact Area Concept


Lessons LearnedLessons Learned• Manual allocation is tedious and Manual allocation is tedious and

time consumingtime consuming• Model was Model was notnot sensitive sensitive • Are we really capturing the Are we really capturing the

vision? vision? • Urban form is more than Urban form is more than

population and employmentpopulation and employment


The SolutionThe SolutionCorPlanCorPlan


Eastern Planning Eastern Planning InitiativeInitiative

• Thomas-Jefferson Planning District Thomas-Jefferson Planning District CommissionCommission

• Charlottesville-Albemarle (Va.) MPOCharlottesville-Albemarle (Va.) MPO• 50 year vision for transportation and 50 year vision for transportation and

land useland use• Sustainability accordsSustainability accords• Alternative futuresAlternative futures


EPI Planning Steps…EPI Planning Steps…

Alternative Futures

Quality of Life Goals

Implementation Strategies

“Community Elements”

50 Year Vision

Land Use / Transportation

Scenarios


The 50-Year Vision…The 50-Year Vision…Regional PlanRegional Plan

((Where will we live?)Where will we live?)

Implementation StrategyImplementation Strategy((How do we get there?)How do we get there?)

Community PlansCommunity Plans((How will we live?)How will we live?)


How will we live?

Encourage and maintain strong ties between the region’s urban and rural areas Strive for a size and distribute the human population in ways that preserve vital

resources Retain the natural habitat Ensure water quality and quantity are sufficient to support people and ecosystems Optimize the use and re-use of developed land and promote clustering Promote appropriate scale for land uses Retain farm and forest land Develop attractive and economical transportation alternatives Conserve energy Provide educational and employment opportunities Increase individual participation in neighborhoods and communities

TJPDC Sustainability Accords


What makes a What makes a place a place?place a place?

• Open spaceOpen space• Types and proximity of Types and proximity of

activitiesactivities• Size and character of Size and character of

buildingsbuildings• Size and character of Size and character of

streetsstreets• Internal and external Internal and external

connectionsconnections• Location of parkingLocation of parking


UrbanUrban SuburbanSuburban RuralRuralResidentialResidential ResidentialResidential Small townSmall townMixed-useMixed-use Mixed-useMixed-use VillageVillageUniversity/institutionUniversity/institution RetailRetail ResidentialResidentialParks/recreationParks/recreation OfficeOffice Mixed-useMixed-use

InstitutionalInstitutional IndustrialIndustrialIndustrialIndustrial Parks/recreationParks/recreationParks/recreationParks/recreation Agricultural/forestalAgricultural/forestalConservationConservation ConservationConservation

Existing Community Elements


East Market Street, Charlottesville

Urban Mixed-use

Circle reflects five minute walk


PUD Development US 29 North

Suburban Mixed-use



Palmyra, Fluvanna County Courthouse

Small Town



UrbanUrban SuburbanSuburban RuralRuralResidentialResidential ResidentialResidential Small townSmall townMixed-useMixed-use Mixed-useMixed-use VillageVillageUniversity/institutionUniversity/institution RetailRetail ResidentialResidentialParks/recreationParks/recreation OfficeOffice Mixed-useMixed-use

InstitutionalInstitutional IndustrialIndustrialIndustrialIndustrial Parks/recreationParks/recreationParks/recreationParks/recreation Agricultural/forestalAgricultural/forestalConservationConservation ConservationConservation

Enhanced Community Elements

Focal pointGreater mix of usesHuman scaleTransportation optionsBetter use of open space


Enhanced Suburban Mixed-use


The 50-Year Vision…Regional Plan(Where will we

live?)

Implementation Strategy(How do we get there?)

Community Plans(How will we live?)


Eastern Area PlanEastern Area Plan Evaluate Evaluate alternativesalternatives

GISAssign trips Assign trips

to transit and to transit and road road

networksnetworks

MinUTP

Modeling StepsModeling Steps

GISGISInventory Inventory land use, land use,

transportatiotransportation, n,

environmentaenvironmental featuresl features

GIS

Locate Locate communitiescommunities

CorPlanEstimate land Estimate land

use and use and transportatiotransportatio

n demandn demand

CorPlan


Where we can’t liveWhere we can’t liveSlopes over 15 percentFlood plainsWetlandsGreen Springs and SW Mountain Historic District


CorPlan InputsCorPlan Inputs


Element InventoryElement Inventory


Before

After

Scenario DevelopmentScenario Development


Charlottesville Airport

Route 29


Selected subareas in yellow

Selection tool

Summary tool

Summary of selected subareas (population potential = 8,085)


Select North Fork subarea for urban mixed use

Use CE_assign button

Select urban mixed use from community element list


North Fork area changed to urban mixed use


Select areas around North Fork subarea for urban residential

Use CE_assign button

Select urban residential from community element list


Areas around North Fork changed to urban residential


Selected subareas in yellow

Selection tool

Summary tool

Summary of selected subareas (population potential = 30,724)


CorPlan OutputsCorPlan Outputs


Existing Development790,000 total acres,160,000 developed


Local Comprehensive Plans

Assume 2020 Horizon Most new development in Louisa, Fluvanna, Greene Plans

Over allocation of commercial and industrial land


Dispersed Scenario“Business as Usual”

2050 HorizonAll new development is suburban development

15% of farms and forests lost

160,000 existing, 120,000 new, 280,000 total acres developed


Nodal ScenarioFrom WorkshopAll new

development is urban / enhanced suburban


160,000 existing, 60,000 new, 220,000 total acres developed


CoreL ScenarioFrom WorkshopMost new

development is urban 5% of

farms and forests lost


CoreM ScenarioFrom Workshop


Variation of CoreL


Dispersed ScenarioTransportation Improvements

Extend US 29 Bypass

Widen existing roads


Dispersed ScenarioTransportation

Results$1billion invested in by-passes and wider roads, not transit

16 million miles driven daily 44% of

miles driven is congested


Nodal ScenariosTransportation Improvements

Priority TransitUrban Transportation Network

Bus Rapid Transit

Light Rail Transit

Boulevards


Urban Transportation NetworkMile Grid of Boulevards

A

C

B

Boulevards are spaced mile apart to:•Connect communities•Define community boundaries•Distribute traffic, keeping volumes low on each•Provide convenient transit access

Community elements are combined to build approximately square mile communities

Avenues are major streets within communities and connect with boulevardsNeighborhood streets are minor community streets and connect with avenues

High frequency bus routes along all boulevards and most avenues


Boulevard Design Characteristics“People Friendly Streets”

Streetscape

Buildings brought to street for enclosure / interest

Landscaped medians provide crossing refuge

On-street parking protects pedestrians

Bus amenities include shelters and by-pass lanes


Boulevard Functions“Multimodal Orientation”

High frequency bus transit service is provided on each street. Bus amenities, such as pull-outs and shelters are provided. Bus priorities, such as by-pass lanes and traffic signal preemption are also provided.

Transit

Sidewalks and bike lanes are incorporated. Landscaped medians are provided and bulb-outs are build at each intersection and most mid-block sections. Buildings are brought to the street. Travel speeds for cars are 35 mph or less.

Walking and Biking

Max speed – 35 mphMax daily volume – 30,000Max distance to transit – half mile


Urban Transportation NetworkReduces Auto Travel and Congestion

The proximity of activities within communities promotes walking and transit

The proximity of communities to each other makes auto trips shorter

The roadway grid makes travel more efficient by providing more travel paths between communities

A

C

B


Nodal ScenarioBefore Priority TransitHalf billion $

invested in roads, local transit 29% (vs.

44%) of travel is congested

12 (vs.16) million miles driven daily


Nodal ScenarioWith Priority TransitHalf billion $

invested in roads, local transit, half billion $ in priority transit

25% (vs. 29%) of travel is congested

Priority transit not a short term need

11 (vs.16) million miles driven daily


Roadway Improvement CostsRoadway Improvement CostsDisperseDisperse

dd Nodal*Nodal*New freeway (miles)New freeway (miles) 12.112.1 00New urban roads (miles)New urban roads (miles) 29.729.7 56.856.8Widened roads (miles)Widened roads (miles) 176.1176.1 67.467.4Freeway cost (millions $)Freeway cost (millions $) $300$300 0$0$New road cost (millions $)New road cost (millions $) $120$120 $230$230Widened road cost (millions $)Widened road cost (millions $) $600$600 $240$240Total roadway cost (millions $)Total roadway cost (millions $) $1,020$1,020 $470$470


Daily Travel CharacteristicsDaily Travel CharacteristicsDispersDispers

eded Nodal*Nodal*

% % DifferenDifferen

ceceTotal person trips Total person trips (000s)(000s) 1,9001,900 1,9001,900 00Person trips per personPerson trips per person 5.95.9 5.95.9 00Walk trips (000s) / % Walk trips (000s) / % totaltotal 73/4%73/4%

274/16274/16%% 12%12%

Vehicle trips (000s)Vehicle trips (000s) 1,3001,300 1,1001,100 -15%-15%Vehicle trips per personVehicle trips per person 4.14.1 3.43.4 -17%-17%Vehicle miles traveled Vehicle miles traveled (000s)(000s) 15,70015,700 12,20012,200 -22%-22%VMT per personVMT per person 49.149.1 38.138.1 -22%-22%Vehicle hours traveled Vehicle hours traveled (000s)(000s) 730730 420420 -42%-42%VHT per personVHT per person 2.32.3 1.41.4 -39%-39%Average speed (mph)Average speed (mph) 2222 2727 -22%-22%Pct. VMT congestedPct. VMT congested 44%44% 29%29% -24%-24%


In Sum: How the Scenarios Compare

Measure /Measure /Sustainability AccordSustainability Accord

Disp-Disp-erseerse

ddNodaNoda

ll CoreLCoreLCoreCore

MMPct. Farms and ForestsPct. Farms and ForestsRetain resources/habitat/farms/forestsRetain resources/habitat/farms/forests 5555 6464 6565 6565

Pct. DevelopedPct. DevelopedRetain resources/habitat/farms/forestsRetain resources/habitat/farms/forests 4545 3636 3535 3535

Pct. Living In Clustered CommunitiesPct. Living In Clustered CommunitiesOptimize use/cluster/human scaleOptimize use/cluster/human scale 1313 6161 6868 6868

Pct. Non-auto TripsPct. Non-auto TripsTransportation AlternativesTransportation Alternatives 44 1515 1818 1818

Annual Gallons Gas Consumed (billions)Annual Gallons Gas Consumed (billions)Conserve EnergyConserve Energy 155155 121121 110110 114114

Pct. Travel CongestedPct. Travel CongestedEmployment / Education AccessEmployment / Education Access 4444 2727 2020 2121

Water Quality and QuantityWater Quality and QuantityWater Quality and QuantityWater Quality and Quantity PoorPoor GoodGood GoodGood GoodGood

Red/italics– Comparatively lowest

All scenarios assume @ 330,000 population and 220,000 employment


The 50-Year Vision…Regional Plan

(Where will we live?)

Implementation Strategy

(How do we get there?)

Community Plans(How will we live?)


Success FactorsSuccess Factors1.1. Build in Designated Development AreasBuild in Designated Development Areas2.2. Maintain Viability of Small TownsMaintain Viability of Small Towns3.3. Maintain Hard EdgesMaintain Hard Edges 4.4. Build Quality CommunitiesBuild Quality Communities 5.5. Preserve Rural AreasPreserve Rural Areas 6.6. Coordinate InvestmentsCoordinate Investments7.7. Ensure Regional EquityEnsure Regional Equity8.8. Ensure AffordabilityEnsure Affordability


1. Designated Development Areas

2. Small Towns3. Hard Edges


4. Quality Communities

5. Preserve Rural Areas

Community elements combine into square mile communities

Rural conservation plan needed to address specific issues in rural areas


6. Coordinate Investments

Priority Transit Urban Transportation Network

Appropriate infrastructure only in designated areas and small towns


7. Regional Equity 8. Affordability

Regional development allocation agreement, based on 20 year population forecast and urban / enhanced suburban element densities

Allocations define urban boundaries (hard edges)

Boundaries incorporated into plans and zoning


For more information contact:For more information contact:

Kevin Tilbury, AICPKevin Tilbury, AICPoror

Chris Sinclair, AICPChris Sinclair, AICPRenaissance Planning GroupRenaissance Planning Group

100 East Pine Street100 East Pine StreetSuite 401Suite 401

Orlando, Florida 32801Orlando, Florida 32801(407) 487-0061(407) 487-0061

[email protected]@CitiesThatWork.com

CorPlan : A Community Oriented Planning Tool for the Eastern Planning Initiative

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