Volume 9, Issue 12 June 19, 2013

Cooperative Extension Cornell Vegetable Program

Cornell University

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Contents General

New Online Modules on Herbicide Resistance .............. 2 Veg Pest & Cultural Management Field Meetings ......... 6

Dates .................................................................................. 8

Sponsors ............................................................................. 9

Weather Charts .................................................................. 9

Crops Crops: Tidbits & Insights ............................................... 4-6 Dry Bean: Western Bean Cutworm Moth Traps .............. 7 Onion: Start Scouting for Onion Thrips ........................... 3 Peppers: Aphid Control in Greenhouses & Tunnels ........ 3 Potato/Tomato: Late Blight Risk ...................................... 7 Pumpkin: Late Pumpkin Planting ..................................... 1 Sweet Corn Trap Network Report, 6/18/13 .................... 2

Late Pumpkin Planting by Sarah Hulick and Steve Reiners, Cornell

With heavy rains saturating soils, pumpkin growers are becoming very anxious that their window for planting is closing. Is there a way that growers can still get a profitable crop in a shortened season? Recent research at Cornell’s New York State Agricultural Experiment Station demonstrated that pumpkin growers might be able to plant later if they direct seed into plastic mulch rather than bare soil. In plantings made June 29 last year, about three weeks later than the normal planting date, we saw a 40% increase in number of marketable fruit per acre when using plastic mulch. There was also a 20% increase in tons per acre. Yields in the later planted mulched plots were similar to those planted at the normal time. Why the benefit? It’s likely due to the quick germination and establishment under the plastic compared to bare ground, which shortens the grow-ing season resulting in more marketa-ble, orange fruit at harvest time.

Of course creating plastic mulched beds requires that the soils be dry enough to be worka-ble. But if you can get the plastic down you should be able to produce a profitable yield even with the late planting date.

Direct seeding pumpkins in to plastic mulch allows growers to plant later than normal. Photo: Sarah Hulick, Cornell University

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Abby Seaman, NYS IPM Program

This week 17 of the 25 sites reported trap catch counts. Numbers for ECB-E and ECB-Z remain very low with 5 of the 17 sites all reporting 4 or fewer ECB-E moths and only two sites reporting ECB-Z moths. Still no FAW or WBC caught this season. CEW however, is showing a gradual increase with 4 sites reporting catches one as high as 11 moths.

The situation for ECB is the same this week as last. In early sweet corn close to tassel, like that started under row cover, plastic or was transplanted, the usual scouting and threshold recommendations do not apply during the first generation flight of European corn borer (ECB). In these early plantings, larvae don’t feed in the whorl and emerge in the tassel as they do in bare ground corn. For this reason, tassel emergence scouting and thresholds have not been successful in plastic and row cover corn. Growers have had good results when pheromone trap catches were used to time sprays for the first gen-eration ECB in row cover or plastic corn. Growers waited until there was a significant increase in the ECB trap catches in their area and then timed sprays to coincide with egg hatch. ECB eggs require 100 degree days (base 50) from oviposition to hatch. Two to three appli-cations bracketing the peak moth flight are generally effective.

Growers with silking corn near locations where corn earwom are being caught need to consider them when deciding their spray tim-ing. If you are close to a site where CEW are being caught the recom-mended spray schedule is every 6 days where 1.4 to 3.5 moths are being caught per week, every 4 days where 3.5 to 7 moths are being caught per week, and every 5 days where 7 to 91 moths are being caught per week. CEW require 73 base 55 degree days for eggs to hatch, according to a model developed by Hartstack at College Sta-tion, TX. Looking at the forecast for warming weather, eggs will be hatching as few as five days after being laid. To determine the de-gree day accumulation for your area please visit the NEWA website (http://newa.cornell.edu/). Corn earworm lay their eggs on corn silks (see photo). After the eggs hatch the larvae move down the silks into the corn ear where they begin to feed. Once the larvae are in the husks, insecticide sprays become ineffective, for this reason it is so

ECB - European corn borer CEW - corn earworm FAW - fall armyworm

WBC - western bean cutworm NA - not available

WNY Pheromone Trap Catches: June 18, 2013

important to time sprays prior to egg hatch so that spray residue is present when eggs begin to hatch.

Corn earworm on silk. Photo courtesy of Bill Hutchinson, University of Minnesota

New Pesticide Applicator Recertification Credit Online Modules on Herbicide Resistance Now Available Abby Seaman, Vegetable IPM Coordinator, NYS IPM Program

Five new modules on herbicide resistance are now available online through the PMEP Distance Learning Center at pmepcours-es.cce.cornell.edu. Each module qualifies for New York pesticide applicator recertification credits. The online modules include: 1) Current Status of Herbicide Resistance in Weeds (0.5 credits),

2) How Herbicides Work (1.0 credits),

3) What is Herbicide Resistance (1.0 credits),

4) Scouting After a Herbicide Application (1.0 credits),

5) Confirming Herbicide Resistance (1.0 credits) and

6) Principles of Managing Herbicide Resistance (1.0 credits).

The online modules were developed by Mary McKellar and Russ Hahn in cooperation with Ron Gardner from lesson modules (Herbicide Resistant Weeds at http://wssa.net/2011/12/wssa-lesson-module-herbicide-resistant-weeds/) originally created by the Weed Science Society of America. The development of the online modules was supported through funding from the NYS IPM Program

WNY Pheromone Trap Network Report, 6/18/13

ECB ECB

Location -E -Z CEW FAW WBC

Baldwinsville (Onondaga) 2 0 0 0 NA

Batavia (Genesee) 0 0 2 0 NA

Bellona (Yates) NA NA NA NA NA

Eden (Erie) 0 0 11 0 0

Farmington (Ontario) 1 0 1 0 0

Hamlin (Monroe) 0 0 0 0 0

LeRoy (Genesee) 0 1 0 0 0

Lockport (Niagara) 0 0 0 0 0

Olean (Cattaraugus) NA NA NA NA NA

Penn Yan (Yates) 2 2 0 0 NA

Spencerport (Monroe) 0 0 0 0 0

Waterport (Orleans) 0 0 0 0 0

Williamson (Wayne) 0 0 4 0 0

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continued on page 6

Figure 2. Early onion thrips feeding damage. Note light green streaking along leaves. Photo: Christy Hoepting, Cornell Vegetable Program

Aphid Control in Greenhouse and Tunnel Peppers

J. Reid, CVP: Aphid populations have been increasing this week in high tunnel peppers (see picture). Their feeding damage can cause stunting as well as trans-mission of disease such as Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Naturally occurring predators such as ants and lady beetles (see picture) abound. Unfortunately, these are often insufficient for commercial control. Intro-duced beneficial insects such parasitic wasps can be released when the population is low. We suggest a pre-mix of 3 parasitoids to target as broad a range of aphid species as possible. If populations are too high for beneficials, an insecticidal spray may be justified. However, many of the common insecticides used for control of aphids in the field are prohibited from tun-nel or greenhouse use. A table listing common aphi-cides for peppers follows divided between permitted and prohibited classifications for protected culture in NYS. It is not intended to be comprehensive, but ra-ther bring attention to viable options, including or-ganic (OMRI) as well as the important prohibitions. This list is for peppers. Greenhouse tomatoes and peppers will be treated separately in a future issue of Veg Edge.

Permitted for GH and HT w/PHI Prohibited from GH and HT

Botanigard (Beauveria bassiana) 0d Actara (thiamethoxam)

Brigade (bifenthrin) 7d Admire Pro (imidacloprid)

Fulfill (pymetrozine) 0d Assail (acetamiprid)

Lannate (methomyl) 3d Beleaf (flonicamid)

Molt-X (azadirachtin) 0d OMRI Dimethoate

Mycotrol (Beauveria bassiana) 0d OMRI Movento (spirotretamat)

Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin) 5d Orthene (acephate)

Aphids on high tunnel pepper. Photo: Judson Reid, Cornell Vegetable Program

Lady beetle larvae. Photo: Judson Reid, CVP

Time to Start Scouting for Onion Thrips in Onions

C. Hoepting, CVP: Onion thrips (OT) is a major insect pest of onion and its con-trol is critical to the production and profitability of this crop. Thrips feeding can reduce bulb yields by 30-50% and losses can be exacerbated if thrips in-fect the crop with Iris yellow spot virus or create damage that permits other pathogens to infect the crop. Insecti-cide use is the most important tactic for thrips control, but this strategy must be used carefully and in a manner that will prevent or slow down the abil-ity of thrips to develop resistance.

In New York, we have two excellent materials for OT control (Movento and Radiant), one good material (Agri-Mek) and several mediocre to poor materials (Lannate, several pyrethroids such as Warrior and OPs such as Penncap-M). Only 2 apps of Movento and Agri-Mek, and only 3 apps of Radiant are allowed per season. For resistance manage-ment, it is critical to rotate chemical classes every 2 weeks/sprays. With only three good to excellent products

get the number of OT per leaf. The threshold to begin spraying is 1 OT per leaf. Thrips feeding causes silvery streaking along the leaves (Fig. 2). If you can already see thrips feeding damage, that is also a good indication that it is time to spray. If there is a lot of feeding damage, than you likely missed a timely first spray.

and limited number of apps per prod-uct, it is important to manage insecti-cide sprays responsibly so as not to run out of effective options. This includes to only spray for thrips when necessary as defined by thresholds.

Scouting for onion thrips: OT are tiny slender insects. Nymphs are yellow and 0.5 to 1.2 mm in length and adults are brown, up to 2 mm in length. Look deep into the leaf axils to find the first thrips of the season (Fig. 1). Count the total number of OT and divide by the average number of leaves per plant to

Figure 1. Onion thrips nymphs in leaf axil of onion plant. Photo courtesy of Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State Univ.

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Volume 9, Issue 12

CABBAGE & COLE CROPS Some fields had to be sprayed for diamondback moths (DBM) and imported cabbage worms (ICW) this week. The critical growth stage to control these worms is from the 8 leaf stage until head formation. Look for newly hatched larvae in the heart leaves where their feeding leaves tiny brown scarring (Fig. 1). Once they get bigger, they generally feed on the undersides of leaves making small irregular holes (windows) leaving the upper leaf surface intact (Fig. 2). This type of injury generally does not affect yield UNLESS populations are high or the feeding is in the heartleaves prior to head formation. When scouting, be sure to look at both the undersides of leaves as well as dig-ging into the heart leaves. DBM (Fig. 3) wriggle when prodded and hang by a silk thread and ICW are sluggish and fuzzy (Fig. 4). In seed-lings, treatment is warranted if 20% (all worms included) of plants are infested. The threshold rises to 30% infestation in the early vegeta-tive to cupping stage and then drops to 5% through harvest. Bts (Dipel, Xentari, etc.) are all very effective against ICW and can also be used for DBM at low populations. Avaunt, Radiant, Coragen, Voliam Xpress, Proclaim and Synapse are also very effective against all the main worm pests and are recommended if high populations of DBMs appear. Pyrethroids are generally effective for ICW but note that their use is sometimes associated with a buildup of DBM and aphids.

If you have transplants infected with downy mildew (Fig. 5), they can be treated prior to planting. Aside from some copper-based products, there are no fungicides labeled for use in the greenhouse, but plants that are outside hardening off can be treated with Ridomil Gold, Bravo, Presidio or any of the several fungicides labeled. Once transplanted into the field, if the weather is hot and dry, infected transplants should grow out of the disease just fine. If weather continues to be cool and rainy, infected transplants can be sprayed with Bravo weekly until no more symptoms are evident. Also, in the case of broccoli, early plantings that are beginning to head that are in close proximity to newly transplanted infected seedlings should also be protected. When downy mildew infects the heads of broccoli, it results in a head rot that makes them unmarketable. See May 15th issue of VEW for managing DM in the greenhouse.

DRY BEANS The few growers who planted some beans earlier are justifiably concerned about seed and root rot due to all the rain. Soils were compact-ed by all the rain. Some growers started planting this week while others are still waiting for soils to dry out.

LETTUCE & GREENS Aphids are still hanging onto lettuce, slugs are making a mess as well, and flea beetles are persisting in mustards and brassicas. This may continue for a while so keep up the management as new plantings are going in. Keeping weeds down is another necessary item that needs attention now that the rains have stopped. As soon as the soil is dry enough, clean up around greens plantings so not to lose them in the vegetation. This will keep much needed air flow and help reduce other insect and slug problems.

ONIONS I feel like a broken record: “Onion growth was slow this week in the cool temperatures, especially where the crop stands in soggy ground… Last week’s rain left fields even wetter and onions are showing symptoms of “wet feet”… Only a few growers have been able to get onto

CROPS Tidbits & Insights

continued on next page

Figure 2. Diamondback moth feeding (window paining) on undersides of leaves. Photo: Christy Hoepting, Cornell Vegetable Program

Figure 3. Diamondback moth larvae. Photo courtesy of Paul Holowko

Figure 1. Diamondback moth feeding damage in heart leaves. Photo: Christy Hoepting, Cornell Vegetable Program

Figure 4. Imported cabbage worm larvae. Photo courtesy of Judy Sedbrook

Figure 5. Downy mildew lesions on upper side of leaf. Photo courtesy of Chris Smart, Cornell

their fields to spray and herbicide and fungicide applications are falling behind schedule.” However, there are also some excellent fields of both direct seeded and transplanted onions out there. Most of the direct seeded fields are in the 3 to 5 leaf stage and earliest early trans-plants have 1-inch bulbs.

In general, Botrytis leaf blight continues to increase in fields that have not been sprayed and is decreasing or holding steady in fields that have been sprayed. Some growers are putting fungicides on by air this week. The only changes that I would make to last week’s spring on-ion fungicide program is to include a fungicide with activity against Purple Blotch (PB) in big transplants (e.g. 8-10 leaves and either bulbing or almost bulbing). Fungicides that have performed well against PB in Cornell trials include Scala, Rovral (iprodione) and Quadris Top. The 3 to 5 leaf stage of onions are optimal for post-emergent herbicide applications of Goal, Chateau and Buctril, provided the weeds have not gotten too big – see May 15 issue. Onion thrips pressure has been steadily increasing and a couple of fields in high pressure areas will get their first insecticide spray this week. It is time to start scouting transplanted onions for onion thrips – see article, pg 3.

Oswego Onion Twilight Meeting next Tuesday, June 25th – see pg 8.

POTATOES The continued rains had field work at a standstill much of the past week, especially where the most rain has fallen in recent weeks. Heavy rains left soils compacted. In drier areas there are large potato plants that have been hilled. In wetter areas significant potato acreage remains to be planted. Many growers are behind in cultivation, hilling and/or spraying. Many fields have uneven stands. There are large areas in some fields where seed decayed, or where plants are dying or are severely stunted, due to extended or repeated periods of soil saturation. The photo shows a severely stunted plant with premature tuber set and no capacity for normal produc-tion. Healthy plants in drier parts of the field are large and are in the earliest stage of tuber initiation, with “hooking” at the ends of long stolons (see photo in last week’s Veg Edge). In case you missed the article last week, Rimon insecticide is newly labeled in NYS for control of small to medium (1st and 2nd instar) Colorado potato beetle (CPB) larvae. Rimon is a new chem-istry which should be useful in slowing the development of resistance.

PROCESSING CROPS Most growers in our area have been unable to plant for the past 2 weeks because of wet ground. Herbicide applications have also been delayed. Plants in the ground that have poor root systems due to flooding or rot rots will likely wilt with the onset of hot weather predicted this weekend. All in all, June has been a tough month for processing crop growers.

SWEET CORN It’s a race to the Fourth of July as early plantings struggle to keep ears above water and having enough sun to complete the job. Some vari-eties have performed well while others have fields where skips are prevalent. Having the right combination of strength to germinate in cool soil, vitality to survive extreme early spring conditions, and the taste customers crave is still somewhat elusive. It would be great to get feedback from you all growing sweet corn to hear what early varieties have germinated, grown well, and maybe even tasted good. Please email me at rgh26@cornell.edu.

In Erie County, corn ear worm moth counts were up to 11. With the increase warmth and the stage of the sweet corn having silk emer-gence present now and expanding over the next week or so, the weird scenario of having the possibility of earworm eggs laid prior to the 4th of July (and even before corn borers show up may happen.

VINE CROPS Wet weather has really set back production for most vine crops. Root rots, slow growth, and poor pollination have hurt plant growth and fruit set. Black cut worms has caused a lot of damage in cucumber and melon plantings that had corn in the field last season. Flooding has hurt pumpkin and winter squash plantings. The cool weather has also had an effect on bee activ-ity. Incomplete pollination has reduced the marketable yields from the first and second pickings. Some fruit are showing rotting ends on the plant while others seem to be in fine shape except for soft ends which break down rapidly after picking.

Virus has been found in two zucchini plantings in two counties. The signs are chlorosis of the leaf where yellowing of the chlorophyll is found around the leaf veins. Some distortion of the leaves is also seen. Older leaves look normal while younger leaves will show symptoms. Depending on the type of virus, new fruit can be mottled and distorted making it unmarketable. Eventually, the virus overtakes the plant and they can become stunted and unproductive.

The type of virus hasn’t been identified yet but in 2009 we had widespread problems with virus spread by aphids in zucchini, summer squash, and pumpkins. It only takes a small number of aphids carrying the virus to cause widespread damage. There doesn’t have to be a large visible presence. Managing aphids should be considered for the next dry opportunity to get into the field. A number of products are available including Beleaf and Warrior, and for organic production, Mycotrol, and many of the neem products.

CROPS Tidbits & Insights (continued)

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Volume 9, Issue 12

Stunted potato plant with premature tuber set. Photo: Carol MacNeil, Cornell Vegetable Program

continued on page 6

Incomplete pollination of zucchini. Photo courtesy of rieson.blogspot.com

Chlorosis of zucchini leaf from virus. Photo: Robert Hadad, Cornell Vegetable Program

continued from page 3 - Time to Start Scouting for Onion Thrips in Onions

Veg Edge Weekly

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Volume 9, Issue 12 June 19, 2013

If you are growing cucumbers and melons near strawberries two spotted spider mites have been found (already!) in two plantings. After several years of seeing spider mites coming out of strawberries into sweet corn, this pest has proved hard to manage.

CROPS

Tidbits & Insights continued

Damaged leaf of melon from two spotted spider mite (left leaf) compared to undamaged (right leaf). Photo courtesy of Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University

Two Spotted Spider Mite close-up. Photo courtesy of David Cappaert, Michigan State University

The “Momentum” of Movento The Cornell recommendation is to start the onion thrips spray season with Movento: 1st spray: Movento 5 fl oz + penetrating surfactant @ 1.0 OT per leaf. 2nd spray: Movento 5 fl oz + penetrating surfactant 7-10 days after the first app if thrips reach 1 OT per leaf. If threshold is not reached again until 3 weeks later, avoid another app of Movento and continue with the next prod-uct in the sequence… more next week.

The reason that Movento is strategically placed first in the sequence is be-cause it is weak against adults, which appear in higher numbers later in the season and it moves systemically more easily through a young plant. During the last couple of years, we have experienced that when Movento (plus pene-trating surfactant* without Bravo**) is applied to young onions (pre-bulbing) at 1.0 OT per leaf at the beginning of the season that a single app can keep OT populations below 1.0 OT per leaf for 2 to 3 weeks! This is what we call “The Momentum of Movento” and it occurs maybe 25% of the time. The re-maining 75% of the time, we see that two applications of Movento are need-ed in order to get a knockdown. We suspect that “The Momentum of Moven-to” is a function of the systemic activity of Movento being stronger in young plants, and that the double application is needed when plants start to get big (e.g. plants have 2 inch bulbs) and when more adult thrips occur in the popu-lation. Transplanted onions that are beginning to bulb or are about to bulb can be sprayed when OT are 0.7 to 1.0 OT per leaf at this time to hopefully capitalize on the “Momentum of Movento” before the plants/bulbs get too big.

*Movento must penetrate the leaves to maximize effectiveness against thrips, so a penetrating surfactant must be included in the spray tank. **In Cornell studies, when Radiant, Agri-Mek and Movento were combined with Chloronil 720 (same active as Bravo), which contains a spreader sticker, thrips control was significantly reduced by 12 to 35%. Movento is only available as an Emergency Section 18 label (http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/regulation/sec18/2013/movento_s18_0113.pdf)

Small-scale growers who do not have Movento and where thrips populations have not developed resistance to pyrethroids, should start with a pyrethroid such as Warrior or Lannate. The first application should be made at about 0.5 OT per leaf. If 7 days after the first spray, the number of OT is higher than 1 OT per leaf, switch to an insecticide with a different mode of action. Plan to save Radiant for use later in the season when thrips pressure is highest.

Vegetable Pest and Cultural Management Field Meetings

Meetings will be hosted Chautauqua, Orleans, Seneca and Yates Counties: Seneca - 7/17/2013 Orleans - 7/25/2013 Yates - 8/2/2013 Chautauqua - 8/8/2013

These courses will demonstrate pest management in fresh market vegetables in both field and greenhouse (high tunnel) vegetables; primarily for those growing for wholesale auction. A hands-on demonstration of weed, insect and disease identification in vegetables including management options such as inter-row cover crops, grafting and where appropriate, spray options will be used to educate grow-ers. Judson Reid, Senior Extension Associate with the Cornell Vegetable Program will instruct participants and facilitate peer-based learning. Cooperating farms will be selected to host the meetings as the season progresses. Details on each topic will focus on field observations at these farms. Addresses to be provided.

Agenda: 6:00 Welcome

6:05 Weed control in row crop vegetables

6:45 Tomato and potato disease updates

7:15 Cucurbits

7:45 Questions and answer/other farm specific crop observations/food safety news

8:00 Adjourn

For more details on these meetings, contact Judson Reid at 585-313-8912 or jer11@cornell.edu.

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1 Weather stations. For more sites: http://newa.cornell.edu/ 2 Passed Week Simcast Blight Units (BUs) 3 Predicted Simcast Blight Units (BUs)

Late Blight Risk

C. MacNeil, CVP: No new additional late blight (LB) confirmations are reported at http://usablight.org/ this past week. All weather station sites are past the 18 severity value (SV) Blitecast thresh-old for the first fungicide spray for all potatoes 4+ inches tall and for tomatoes. Forecast systems indicated the need for a 5 day fungicide spray interval this past week. For photos of LB go to Cornell plant pathologist Meg McGrath’s photo index at: http://www.longislandhort.cornell.edu/vegpath/photos/index.htm Click on Late Blight Imitators for photos of diseases which are not LB. Then scroll down to Potato and/or Tomato and click on Late Blight for photos of the disease at various stages. The To-mato page also has photos of infected nightshade.

New LB forecast information is included in the chart this week. Cornell plant pathologist Bill Fry’s LB Decision Support System (DSS) forecast uses Simcast blight units (BU) to time sprays after the first one. BUs for the past week are listed. Predicted BUs for the next week, based on the National Weather Service (NWS) forecast, are also listed. Warning! Forecast BUs can change day by day, just like the weather! Simcast BUs account for varietal susceptibility to LB. The chart here assumes a susceptible varie-ty, which many commonly grown potato and tomato varieties are. For a susceptible variety the threshold for applying the next spray is 30 BUs. The most recent fungicide applied is assumed to be the high rate of chlorothalonil.

For the susceptibility of your varieties go to the NYS IPM NEWA website: http://newa.cornell.edu/ Click on Crop Pages in the top menu, then Potato or Tomato, then Simcast. In the left menu click on Potato (or Tomato) Cultivar Susceptibility. (40 BUs are needed to reach the threshold for the very few moderately re-sistant potato varieties like Kennebec, or the moderately re-sistant to resistant tomato varieties like Mountain Magic F1 or Brandywine.) You can use the IPM NEWA Potato and Tomato Late Blight Simcast page to determine the BUs for your variety, since your most recent spray date, for the weather station clos-est to you.

Location1 Blight Units2

6/12-6/18

Location1 Blight Units2

6/12-6/18

Blight Units3

6/19-6/25

Blight Units3

6/19-6/25

Albion 13 Medina 13 18 23

Appleton 17 Penn Yan 28 19 29

Baldwinsville 41 Ransomville NA 32 13

Buffalo 27 Rochester 24 19 23

Ceres 33 35 Romulus 17 28

Elba 19 Silver Creek 32 22 29

Gainesville NA Sodus 12 28 29

Geneva (Bejo)

7 Versailles NA 18 20

Kendall 13 Williamson 25 17 22

Lodi 12 Wolcott 12 33 28

New Late Blight Risk Chart, 6/19/13

With a free DSS account the Simcast BU forecast is based on a point weather forecast from the NWS for your farm/field sites. Warning! Forecast BUs can change day by day, just like the weather! In addition, there is a large choice of fungicides. Fungicides vary widely in how effective they are against foliar LB. For copper 27 BUs trigger the need for a spray. For chlorothalonil, mancozeb, etc., and some other fungicides 30 BUs trigger a spray. In contrast, for Previcur, Revus or Ranman it takes 37 BUs to trigger a spray. For those using the DSS the loss of fungicide cover-age over time provides a second threshold for spraying. Reaching either the BU threshold or the fungicide unit (FU) threshold triggers a fungicide spray. Sprays can be recorded into DSS field files either online or by smart phone. Finally, personal text/email advance Alerts regard-ing thresholds for your fields are available. Contact Carol MacNeil at crm6@cornell.edu or 585-313-8796 for info on using the DSS.

Western Bean Cutworm Moth Traps in Dry Bean Fields

C. MacNeil, CVP: Western bean cut-worm (WBC) moth traps will be set out in 9-10 dry bean fields in the main pro-duction area again this year, funded by the NYS Dry Bean Industry Committee. WBC has the potential to damage dry beans and corn, and to reduce yield. Over the last ten years it has steadily moved east from the High Plains of the US, to MI, OH, PA, Ontario, and NY. WBC moth trapping in NY from 2010 - 2012 showed a steady increase in the population. Trap counts of WBC moths can pinpoint when to scout pods for damage, to assist with spray decisions.

The highest moth catch in 2012 in dry beans occurred again in Attica, with 276 moths, well over the threshold of 150 moths. No damage could be found in the bean pods in that area, but the grower sprayed the dry bean fields near the trap with an insecticide when he heard of the high WBC moth catch. If you’re interested in hosting a WBC moth trap please contact Carol Mac-Neil at crm6@cornell.edu or 585-313-8796.

Checking a WBC moth trap. Photo courtesy of Keith Waldron, NYS IPM Program

June 19, 2013 Volume 9, Issue 12

Dates…visit our website for a complete list of upcoming events JUNE 25 - OSWEGO COUNTY ONION GROWERS TWILIGHT MEETING 5:00 - 7:00 pm, John Dunsmoor Farm, 777 1/2 County Route 53, Oswego 13126. Christy Hoepting, Extension Vegetable spe-cialist and Jonathan Schell, Extension Agriculture Team Coordinator will talk about their results from their 2013 herbicide trials and what growers should know to help prevent weed problems. Dr. Brian Nault, Cornell NYSAES will present on con-trolling onion insects and update growers on new insecticide treatments available in 2013. 2 NYS DEC Recertification Credits have been approved in Categories 1a, 10, and 23.Cost is $10 and includes dinner. Pre-registration is required. Call in reserva-tion by Friday, June 21, 2013. If you have questions or if you have any special needs, please call CCE Oswego at 315-963-7286. Presented by CCE Oswego County with generous support from: Seedway, Synagri, Crop Production Service, Stokes Seeds, Syngenta Crop Protection, Bejo Seed and Helena Chemical.

JULY 15 - SELLING YOUR FARM PRODUCTS TO LOCAL BUSINESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 9:00 am - 12:00 noon, Foodlink Distribution Center, 1999 Mt Read Blvd, Rochester 14615. One important way to boost your farm revenue and improve cash flow for your farm is larger-scale direct marketing to nearby food hubs, restaurants, institu-tions, auctions, and other bulk buyers. Cornell Cooperative Extension and Foodlink are hosting this new workshop and tour to give you the practical facts about how to plan for marketing relationships with businesses and institutions, maintain the supply contacts, and other important factors, like risk and profitability. Tour Foodlink’s new food hub distribution center and learn their role as a potential marketing partner and hear from an institutional purchaser looking to local farms as a source of food. Cost: $10.00 per person. REGISTER or MORE INFORMATION: Nancy Anderson at CCE Ontario County at 585-394-3977 x427 or nea8@cornell.edu. Supported by Farm-to-Institution New York State (FINYS).

JULY 16 - MECHANICAL WEED MANAGEMENT - ROLLING HILLS DISCUSSION GROUP 4:00 - 7:00 pm, Clearview Farm, 243 Faas Rd, Palmyra 14522. Kurt Forman of Clearview Farm and the Cornell Vegetable Pro-gram staff will show and explain a cultivation timing demonstration for weed management. Dr. Chuck Mohler will return for this follow up to last fall's Cultivation Equipment workshop to discuss the results of the demonstration and answer weed management questions. This event is free. The Rolling Hills Discussion Group is for new and beginning farmers in the Upper Finger Lakes and is free to join. Contact Elizabeth Buck at 607-425-3494 or Robert Hadad at 585-739-4065 for more details.

JULY 17, JULY 25, AUGUST 2, and AUGUST 8 - VEGETABLE PEST AND CULTURAL MANAGEMENT FIELD MEETINGS See locations and full details on pg 6.

NOVEMBER 7 - TOMATO SCHOOL SAVE THE DATE! Jordan Hall, NYSAES, Geneva 14456. A thorough school for tomato growers of all experience levels and farm management systems, this program will begin with the basics and move through advanced topics. Speakers from across NYS and Pennsylvania will discuss pest and disease management, hot water treatment of seeds, post-harvest han-dling, precision nutrition management, and more. Growers will share their tips and experience in raising transplants and field production. DEC credits will be available. Pre-registration will be required as space will be limited. More information on this event will be available later this summer.

NOVEMBER 8 - SQUASH SCHOOL SAVE THE DATE! CCE Monroe County, 249 Highland Ave, Rochester 14620. This school will cover pest, disease, and weed management, fertility management, post-harvest handling, and more. For squash growers of all sizes. Summer squash will be discussed, with a heavier focus on winter squash production. DEC credits will be available. Pre-registration will be re-quired as space will be limited. More information on this event will be available later this summer.

Veg Edge Weekly

Page 8

Muck Donut Hour Every Tuesday Meet with Cornell Vegetable Program Specialist Christy Hoepting

on the corner of Transit and Spoilbank in the Elba muck every Tuesday from 8:30 am to 9:30 am

for candid discussions about everything ONIONS

Volume 9, Issue 12 Veg Edge Weekly

Page 9

* Airport stations ** Data from other station/airport sites is at: http://newa.cornell.edu/ Weather Data, Daily Summary and Degree Days.

June 19, 2013

Weather Charts J. Gibbons, CVP:

Thank you to our sponsors:

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Pest and disease problems? Our breeders are working to develop resistant varieties! www.bejoseeds.com

Our Vision... “To be the first choice for growers in all of our marketplaces.” www.StokeSeeds.com

Blake Myers, 585-303-3252 vegetableseeds@aol.com www.Siegers.com

Call 800-544-7938 for sales or visit www.harrisseeds.com A Grower Friendly Company

Growmark FS - Filling Your Crop Needs Visit home.growmarkfs.com to find representatives in your area.

Providing growers environmentally responsible, safe & cost-effective growing solutions. Visit www.bioworksinc.com.

PEOPLE...PRODUCTS...KNOWLEDGE… Albion, NY...(585) 589-4195 Geneva, NY...(315) 789-4450

Fungicides & Insecticides/Nematicides Western & Central NY, 585.447.7305 Eastern NY & NE, 207.890.1645

Agryl & Novagryl Row Covers, ProtekNet Insect Netting, BioTelo Biodegradable & Compostable Mulch Film. Visit www.DuboisAg.com

Rainfall (inch) Temp (°F)

Location Week Month June

Max Min

Albion 1.08 4.26 78 51

Appleton, North 1.21 4.83 76 49

Baldwinsville 2.33 5.22 76 53

Buffalo* 1.44 4.90 74 54

Ceres 1.13 3.17 77 50

Elba 1.81 5.23 75 50

Farmington 2.78 5.35 76 51

Gainesville NA NA NA NA

Geneva 0.74 4.03 74 54

Kendall 1.36 5.13 78 51

Lodi NA NA 82 52

Penn Yan* 0.97 2.97 80 53

Ransomville 0.99 4.32 77 49

Rochester* 2.53 5.50 78 52

Romulus NA NA 80 51

Silver Creek 1.36 4.70 77 55

Sodus 2.37 7.41 77 49

Versailles NA NA 77 50

Williamson 1.80 4.86 77 51

Wolcott 2.16 5.18 74 50

Weekly Weather Summary: 6/11 - 6/17

Accumulated Growing Degree Days (AGDD) Base 50°F: Jan. 1 — June 17, 2013

Location** 2013 2012 2011

Albion 625 744 583

Appleton, North 503 613 407

Baldwinsville 612 832 764

Buffalo* 696 867 613

Ceres 515 668 610

Elba 564 NA 517

Farmington 571 758 608

Gainesville NA 765 599

Geneva 642 818 684

Kendall 660 NA NA

Lodi 638 868 NA

Penn Yan* 652 652 698

Ransomville 558 744 570

Rochester* 714 867 647

Romulus 638 NA NA

Silver Creek 655 730 NA

Sodus 559 710 584

Versailles 687 802 NA

Williamson 601 787 586

Wolcott 585 NA NA

Serving Allegany, Cattaraugus,

Erie, Genesee, Monroe, Niagara,

Ontario, Orleans, Seneca,

Wayne and Yates Counties

Veg Edge Weekly is a seasonal weekly publication of the Cornell Vegetable Program providing information about crop development, pest activity and management, pesticide updates, local weather conditions, meetings and resources.

Veg Edge is published 28 times annually, monthly from October-May and weekly from May-September. If you have any questions about this publication, contact Julie Kikkert at 585-394-3977 x404 or jrk2@cornell.edu. Visit the Cornell Vegetable Program website at http://cvp.cce.cornell.edu/ for information on our research, upcoming events and enrolling in our program.

Cornell Cooperative Extension provides equal program and employment opportunities.

Robert Hadad 585-739-4065 Cell rgh26@cornell.edu

Christy Hoepting 585-721-6953 Cell cah59@cornell.edu

Julie Kikkert 585-313-8160 Cell jrk2@cornell.edu

Carol MacNeil 585-313-8796 Cell crm6@cornell.edu

Judson Reid 585-313-8912 Cell jer11@cornell.edu

Cornell Vegetable Program Extension Specialists

Elizabeth Buck, 607-425-3494 Cell

John Gibbons, 716-474-5238 Cell

CVP Assistants

This publication contains pesticide recommendations. Changes in pesticide regulations occur constantly and human errors are possible. Some materials may no longer be available and some uses may no longer be legal. All pesticides distributed, sold or applied in New York State must be registered with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC). Questions concerning the legality and/or registration status for pesticide usage in New York State should be directed to the appropriate

Cornell Cooperative Extension specialist or your regional DEC office.

Cornell Cooperative Extension and its employees assume no liability for the effectiveness or results of any chemicals for pesticide usage. No endorsement of products or companies is made or implied. READ THE LABEL BEFORE APPLYING ANY PESTICIDE.

Yates County Cornell Cooperative Extension 417 Liberty Street Penn Yan, NY 14527

Cooperative Extension Cornell Vegetable Program

Cornell University