Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 16 Mental Health Health Care Science Technology...
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 16 Chapter 16 Mental Health Mental Health Health Care Science Technology Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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Transcript of Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 16 Mental Health Health Care Science Technology...
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 16Chapter 16Mental HealthMental Health
Health Care Science Technology
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
ObjectivesObjectives
Identify the roles and responsibilities of personnel in mental health care, including the jobs and job responsibilities of mental health aides and mental health technicians.
Chapter 16 2
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Objectives Objectives (cont.)(cont.)
Compare the roles and responsibilities of licensed mental health care providers, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Understand safety and legal issues related to the use of restraints.
Successfully complete 3 mental health procedures.
Chapter 16 3
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Careers in Mental Health Careers in Mental Health 16-116-1
The Mental Health AideThe Mental Health Technician
The Social WorkerThe CounselorThe PsychologistThe Psychiatrist
Chapter 16 4
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The Mental Health AideThe Mental Health Aide
Some employers require certification. In general, a 2- or 4-year degree is not required.
May be employed in an office, clinic, hospital, group home, shelter home, day workshop, or client’s home. Chapter 16 5
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The Mental Health Aide The Mental Health Aide (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities◦Must have great patience and enjoy helping people.
◦Must be able to communicate with clients and other members of the health care team.
◦The best job opportunities are in residential care facilities and private social service agencies.
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The Mental Health Aide The Mental Health Aide (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Assess clients’ needs.◦Assist clients with finances.◦Maintain case records.◦Report progress to supervisors.◦Provide emotional support to clients.◦Resolve conflicts with other people.◦Help clients with medical forms.
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The Mental Health Aide The Mental Health Aide (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Organize and lead group activities.
◦Assist clients who are in need of counseling.
◦Assist clients in finding community resources.
◦Talk with family members.◦Help clients to become involved in their own care. Chapter 16 8
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The Mental Health The Mental Health TechnicianTechnician
Also known as a psychiatric technician.
Often has more formal education, training, and responsibilities.
Training may be on-the-job, in vocational school, or in college.
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The Mental Health The Mental Health Technician Technician (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities◦May work with the developmentally disabled.
◦Can also work with the intellectually disabled and those affected with cerebral palsy, autism, or behavioral disorders.
Chapter 16 10
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The Mental Health The Mental Health Technician Technician (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)◦Depending on experience and place of employment, the mental health technician may: Interview clients and their families and
record information. Help develop and implement client
treatment plans. Observe clients and report any
significant changes or developments to the professional staff.
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The Mental Health Technician The Mental Health Technician (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)◦The mental health technician may also: Lead individual and group counseling sessions
and therapy activities. Teach skills that help clients resolve problems
that affect their day-to-day life. Check and record clients’ vital signs. Assist supervisors in giving prescribed
medication. Provide nursing care.
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The Social WorkerThe Social Worker
Helps clients solve personal and family problems.
May help resolve abusive situations such as spousal or child abuse.
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The Social Worker The Social Worker (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities◦Helps clients find resources for their
mental and physical care.◦May make referrals to other health
care professionals.◦May work for a state, city, or private
organization.◦Often works in emotionally-charged
environments.
Chapter 16 14
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The Social Worker The Social Worker (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)◦Perform direct counseling.◦Assist clients in finding effective
solutions and community resources.◦Refer clients to specialists.◦Assist clients with eligibility
requirements for community services.
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The Social Worker The Social Worker (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Provide emotional support during crisis.
◦Evaluate individuals in the criminal justice system and perform presentencing assessments.
◦Make recommendations to courts regarding clients.
◦Arrange adoptions and foster homes.Chapter 16 16
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The Social Worker The Social Worker (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)◦Investigate reports of abuse and neglect.
◦Help clients cope with chronic, acute, or terminal illness.
◦Assess and diagnose student problems.◦Work in employee assistance programs.◦Develop social education programs.
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The CounselorThe Counselor
May work in many settings, including schools or colleges, rehabilitation programs, industry, or vocational settings.
Nearly two-thirds have a master’s degree.
Requirements for credentialing, licensing, certification, and registration vary from state to state.
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The Counselor The Counselor (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities◦School and college counselors work with students and their families.
◦Rehabilitation counselors work with clients who may have social and/or vocational disabilities.
◦Mental health counselors may work with clients dealing with addictions, substance abuse, thoughts of suicide, stress, and self-esteem problems. Chapter 16 19
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The Counselor The Counselor (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Assess abilities and personality characteristics.
◦Develop plans to help clients achieve goals.
◦Interview clients.◦Meet with clients in counseling sessions.
◦Perform diagnostic tests.Chapter 16 20
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The Counselor The Counselor (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Assist clients with common social and behavioral problems.
◦Offer drug and alcohol prevention programs.
◦Assist clients in anger management.
◦Identify and intervene in abuse situations.
◦Help clients overcome the effects of disabilities.
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The Counselor The Counselor (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Assist clients with addictions.◦Work in suicide prevention programs.
◦Assist clients with stress management.
◦Help clients deal with problems of self-esteem.
◦Assist clients in dealing with mental health problems.
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The PsychologistThe Psychologist
Most work in clinical area; others work in research.
May also be consultants.
Chapter 16 23
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The Psychologist The Psychologist (cont.)(cont.)
Some specialize in fields such as:◦Geropsychology.◦Neuropsychology.◦Counseling psychology.◦School psychology.◦Experimental psychology.
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The Psychologist The Psychologist (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities◦ Interview clients.◦Perform diagnostic testing.◦Provide individual, family, or group
psychotherapy.◦Assist clients with behavior
modification.◦Work with doctors and other health
care providers on plans of care.◦Teach and research.◦Develop health promotion programs.
Chapter 16 25
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The Psychologist The Psychologist (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Carry out research on the brain and behavior.
◦Work with clients who have had strokes or head injuries.
◦Work with elderly clients.◦Assist people who are in crisis.◦Assess students’ behavioral
problems.◦Assist teachers and parents in
dealing with children’s issues.Chapter 16 26
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The Psychologist The Psychologist (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Work with clients who have substance abuse problems.
◦Work with students who have disabilities.
◦Work with students who are gifted and talented.
◦Assess client’s interaction with others.◦Study group behavior.
Chapter 16 27
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The PsychiatristThe Psychiatrist
A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in mental health.
It is common for a doctor of osteopathic medicine (DO) to specialize in psychiatry.
Chapter 16 28
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The Psychiatrist The Psychiatrist (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities◦ In many cases, the psychiatrist heads
up the mental health team.◦ It can take from 11 to 16 years of
education and training to become a psychiatrist.
◦Psychiatrists must graduate from medical school, pass a licensing examination, and complete a residency. Each state has established individual licensing laws.
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The Psychiatrist The Psychiatrist (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Diagnose and treat mental illnesses.
◦Prescribe medications.◦Administer treatments.◦Examine clients.◦Perform diagnostic tests and interpret results.
◦Obtain medical and mental health histories. Chapter 16 30
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The Psychiatrist The Psychiatrist (cont.)(cont.)
Job Responsibilities (cont.)
◦Counsel clients on health care.◦Assist clients through personal crises.
◦Help clients develop plans for the activities of daily living.
◦Provide emergency mental and physical health care.
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Mental Health Procedures Mental Health Procedures 16-216-2
Physical RestraintsChemical RestraintsReality OrientationPostmortem Care
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Physical RestraintsPhysical Restraints
Must be ordered by a physician and must never be used as punishment.
All other methods of ensuring the client’s safety must be assessed and eliminated prior to using restraints.
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Physical Restraints Physical Restraints (cont.)(cont.)
Safety Rules◦Use the right size and type of restraint.
◦Check for client’s comfort after applying restraint.
◦Notify supervisor if circulation problems are noticed.
◦Loosen or take restraint off at least every two hours.
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Physical Restraints Physical Restraints (cont.)(cont.)
Safety Rules (cont.)
◦Never tie restraint to bed rail. Use quick release. Keep scissors in a safe place for an emergency.
◦Never leave client unattended when restraints are released.
Document all information about restraints completely and accurately.
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Chemical RestraintsChemical Restraints
Chemical restraints should not be used unless the client presents a clear and present danger that cannot be treated through other means.
A physician must prescribe the medication.
The 5 patient rights for medication must be followed and reviewed 3 times.
Positively identify the client.Make sure the client has taken all the
medication. Chapter 16 36
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Reality OrientationReality Orientation
Reality orientation is helping the client to become aware of his or her surroundings, the date and time, and other information about his or her present situation.
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TODAY IS:Monday, March 31
THE WEATHER IS:Sunny and Warm
ACTIVITIES:Group Mtg. 2:00 pm
in dining room
An orientation board may be posted in the client’s room.
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Postmortem CarePostmortem Care
There are 5 stages of emotions that dying clients and their caregivers may go through. They are: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.
All clients have the right to a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order.
Postmortem care is provided to help clients maintain their dignity and appearance after death.Chapter 16 38
