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Transcript of Copyright GenderFocus. Gender Equality in Sweden Anja Nordlund for ITP Human Rights towards Gender...
Copyright GenderFocus
Copyright GenderFocus
Copyright GenderFocus
Copyright GenderFocus
Gender Equality in Sweden
Anja Nordlund for ITP Human Rights towards Gender Equality,Nov 2011
Copyright GenderFocus
European context
Late 1800, early 1900 Civil and political rights movement
1930-40s, time of war, nativity crisis
1960-70s, gender roles, women’s empowerment
1980-90s, gender studies, gender equality legislation, gender main-streaming
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Hunders hpwHunters, housewives, parental leave
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Hunters, housewives to parental leave
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Hunters, house wifes to fathers’ parental leave• 1921 Rigth to vote• 1935 “Mother
insurance” introduced
• 1931 Birth control allowed
• Until the beginning of the 1970s, women’s role was generally to be a ”house wife”
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Hunters, house wife’s to fathers’ parental leave
• In 1971, individual taxation was introduced
• In the 1960s and 70s, a wide debate on women’s role
• Childcare was also radically expanded in the 1970s
• Parental insurance introduced in 1974, which allowed both men and women to take paid parental leave
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Hunters, house wife’s to fathers’ parental leave
• 1980 law against discrimination in working life
• 1983 all professions open for women
• 1994 Sex desegregated statistics = official statistics
• 1995 parental leave, one month for father and mother respectively reserved (of 1 year)
• 2004 Gender mainstreaming plan in the government public administration
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Swedish policy and institutions
• All ministries, state authorities, local authorities have the responsibility to promote gender equality
• A Ministry of Gender Equality and Integration (integrated 2010)
• Discrimination Ombudsman 2009
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Women and men in parliaments in 2010
Women Men0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
World AverageEU averageSweden
www.morgondagen.se
Salary
Källa: SCB 2008
www.morgondagen.se
Men and women acording to type of work, SCB 2008
www.morgondagen.se
Managment and employees
Anställda privat sektor
Chefer privat sektor
Anställda offentlig sektor
Chefer offentlig sektor
Chefer totalt0
1020304050607080
Kvinnor Män
Källa: SCB 2008
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Swedish policy and institutions• Every employer with more
than 25 employees have to make a gender equality plan every 3 years
• Legal action against discrimination is supported by the ”Discrimination Ombudsman”
• Obligation for an employer to prevent and report sexual harassment
• Gender statistics = official statistics
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Norms and traditions
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Norms and traditions
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The contemporary discussion in Sweden
• Violence against women• Women in the private sector• Gender pay gap• Men’s right to equal custody of children • Men’s use of parental leave• More men into traditional female dominated areas
and more women into male dominated areas• Young persons perceptions in relation to sexuality• Gender equality and diversity
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Sweden’s most modern sportsteam
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Welcome to Sweden!!!
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Policy issues
• Education- free education for all, encourage girls in natural sciences, reproductive education in school, more men teachers. Key area.
• Health- reproductive health, a gender and medicine research center. Key area.
• Labour- reconciliation policies, non-traditional jobs, encourage women entrepreneurs, women in management and boards. Key area.
• Defence – army open for women and men, gender equality policy, 1325 Plan of Action
• Environment- not much developed, projects on waste management, data on transportation.