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Occupational Radiation Dose Occupational Radiation Dose ManagementManagement

Chapter 38Chapter 38

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Reducing Occupational ExposureReducing Occupational Exposure

AAs

LLow

AAs

RReasonably

AAchievable

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X-Ray Attenuation of Lead X-Ray Attenuation of Lead ApronsAprons

% X-Ray Attenuation% X-Ray Attenuation

Equiv Equiv Thickness (mm Thickness (mm Lead)Lead)

Wt (lb)Wt (lb) 50 kVp50 kVp 75 kVp75 kVp 100 kVp100 kVp

0.250.25 3-103-10 9797 6666 5151

0.500.50 6-156-15 99.999.9 8888 7575

1.001.00 12-2512-25 99.999.9 9999 9494

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Weighting Factors for Weighting Factors for Various Types of RadiationVarious Types of Radiation

Type of Energy RangeType of Energy Range Radiation Weighting Factor (WRadiation Weighting Factor (Wrr) )

X- and gamma rays, electrons X- and gamma rays, electrons 11

Neutrons, energyNeutrons, energy< 10 keV< 10 keV 55

10 keV to 100 keV10 keV to 100 keV 1010

>100 keV to 2 MeV>100 keV to 2 MeV 2020

> 2 MeV to 20 MeV> 2 MeV to 20 MeV 1010

>20 MeV>20 MeV 55

ProtonsProtons 22

Alpha particlesAlpha particles 2020

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Legal Dose Limits in the United Legal Dose Limits in the United States States

Annual Annual 50 mSv/yr (5000 mrem/yr) 50 mSv/yr (5000 mrem/yr)

Lens of the eye Lens of the eye 150 mSv/yr (15 rem/yr150 mSv/yr (15 rem/yr

Other organs Other organs 500 mSv/yr (50 rem/yr)500 mSv/yr (50 rem/yr)

Cumulative whole-bodyCumulative whole-body 10 mSv 10 mSv

(1000 mrem) (1000 mrem) × × age age

Pregnancy, entirePregnancy, entire 5 mSv (500 mrem)5 mSv (500 mrem)

Pregnancy, monthlyPregnancy, monthly 0.5 mSv (50 mrem)0.5 mSv (50 mrem)

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Occupational Radiation Occupational Radiation MonitoringMonitoring

Film badgesFilm badges Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD)Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetersOptically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters

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Optically Stimulated Luminescent Optically Stimulated Luminescent DosimetersDosimeters

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Monitoring Pregnant TechnologistMonitoring Pregnant Technologist

End Ch. 38