Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 3 The Beef Industry.

Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Chapter 3

The Beef Industry


Beef in the American Diet

• Each year, average American consumes 67.5 pounds of beef and veal

• Beef consumption increasing in recent years

(continued)


Beef in the American Diet

• Buy more beef than fresh poultry, pork, and seafood combined– Beef accounts for approximately 6 percent of all

supermarket sales

• U.S. exports approximately one million metric tons of beef each year


Fundamentals of Beef

• Lean beef– Very nutrient dense

• Meat is among the most nutritionally complete human foods– 88 percent of vitamin B12

– 67 percent of riboflavin

– 65 percent of protein and phosphorus

– 57 percent of vitamin B6

(continued)


Fundamentals of Beef

• Meat is among the most nutritionally complete human foods– 48 percent of fat

– 43 percent of niacin

– 42 percent of vitamin A

– 37 percent of iron

– 36 percent of thiamine

– 35 percent of magnesium


Types of Beef

• Veal

• Baby

• Grain-fed

• Grass-fed

• Natural

• Certified organic


Beef Industry in the U.S.

• Beef has played prominent role in U.S. economy– 97 million head on roughly 800,000 farms and ranches

– Accounts for nearly 25 percent of world’s beef supply

– Contributes more than $66 billion annually

(continued)


Beef Industry in the U.S.

• America well suited for beef production

• Americans spend less of annual incomes on food than other nationalities

• Critics say beef-eating is wasteful


Beef Cattle Breeds

• U.S. grows more than 40 breeds depending on:– Market

– Environmental conditions

– Personal likes and dislikes

• Each breed fulfills unique needs– Sire breeds

– Dam breeds


U.S. Breed Classifications

• British– Angus

– Hereford

– Shorthorn

(continued)


U.S. Breed Classifications

• Continental European (exotics)– Limousin

– Simmental

– Charolais

– Chianina

• Zebu– Brahman


Segments of the Beef Industry

• Purebred

• Cow-calf

• Stocker

• Feedlot


Purebred Operations

• Industry’s first phase

• Purpose:– Produce seed stock cattle

• Breed shows serve two purposes:– Education

– Change


Cow-Calf Operations

• Industry’s second phase

• Cows grown and sent to market

• Most calves crossbred

• U.S. operations centered in southern and western states

• Calves usually sold upon weaning


Stocker Operations

• Industry’s third phase

• Provide step between weaning and finishing– Buy from cow-calf producers and sell to feedlot operators

– Give calves transition period

• Fading trend


Feedlot Operations

• Industry’s fourth and final stage before slaughter

• Cattle put on proper amount of fat cover

• Many U.S. feedlots are in Midwest– Produce most grain

– More economical than shipping

(continued)


Feedlot Operations

• With proper degree of finish, animals move to slaughterhouse


Summary

• Beef industry represents large part of U.S. diet and economy

• Beef provides hard-to-get nutrients

• America ideal for beef production

• Industry provides millions of jobs

• As a dynamic, growing sector, industry should remain strong for many years

Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 3 The Beef Industry.

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