Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)
-
Upload
alexis-garrett -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
2
description
Transcript of Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)
![Page 1: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM(ANATOMY)
CHAPTER # 10(b)
![Page 2: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Thorax
• Muscles of respiration
• External intercostals—more superficial muscles that elevate ribs for inspiration
• Internal intercostals—deeper muscles that aid forced expiration
• Diaphragm
• Partition between thoracic and abdominal cavities
• Most important muscle in inspiration
• Innervated by phrenic nerves
![Page 3: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.10a
Externalintercostal
(a) Internalintercostal
![Page 4: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Thorax
PLAY A&P Flix™: Internal intercostals
PLAY A&P Flix™: External intercostals
![Page 5: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.10b
Foramen foresophagusCostal cartilage
Lumbarvertebra
Xiphoid process of sternum
Diaphragm
Quadratuslumborum Psoas major
Foramen for inferiorvena cava
Centraltendon ofdiaphragmForamenfor aorta
12th rib
(b)
![Page 6: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
• Four paired muscles; their fasciae and aponeuroses form the lateral and anterior abdominal wall
• Internal obliques
• External obliques
• Transversus abdominis
• Rectus abdominis
![Page 7: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.11a
Transversus abdominisInternal obliqueExternal oblique
Aponeurosis of theexternal oblique
(a)
Pectoralis major
Linea alba
TendinousintersectionRectusabdominis
Inguinal ligament(formed by free inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis)
Serratus anterior
![Page 8: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
• Fascicles of these muscles run at angles to one another, providing added strength
• All are innervated by intercostal nerves
• Actions of these muscles
• Lateral flexion and rotation of the trunk
• Help promote urination, defecation, childbirth, vomiting, coughing, and screaming
![Page 9: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.11b
Transversusabdominis
Inguinalligament
Lumbarfascia
Lumbarfascia
InternalobliquePubictubercle
Rectusabdominis
Externaloblique
(b)
IIiac crest
![Page 10: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
PLAY A&P Flix™: Internal obliques
PLAY A&P Flix™: External obliques
PLAY A&P Flix™: Rectus abdominis
PLAY A&P Flix™: Transversus abdominis
![Page 11: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor
• Pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm) is composed of two paired muscles
• Levator ani
• Coccygeus
• Both are innervated by sacral nerves
![Page 12: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor
• Functions of the pelvic diaphragm
• Seals the inferior outlet of the pelvis
• Supports pelvic organs
• Lifts pelvic floor to help release feces
• Resists increased intra-abdominal pressure
![Page 13: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Perineum
• Urogenital diaphragm
• Anterior half of perineum, inferior to pelvic floor
• Deep transverse perineal muscle
• External urethral sphincter (voluntary control of urination)
![Page 14: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.12a
Pelvicdiaphragm
Symphysis pubis
(a)
Levator aniPiriformis
Posterior
Anterior
Coccyx
Coccygeus
Obturatorinternus
IIiococcygeusLevatorani
PubococcygeusUrogenital diaphragm
UrethraVaginaAnal canal
![Page 15: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.12b
Inferior pubic ramus
External urethralsphincter
Urethralopening Vaginalopening
Deeptransverseperineal muscleCentral tendonAnusExternal analsphincter
Male(b) Female
![Page 16: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Muscles of the Perineum
• Muscles of superficial perineal space
• Ischiocavernosus
• Bulbospongiosus
• Superficial transverse perineal muscles
• External anal sphincter (in posterior half of perineum)
![Page 17: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.12c
Male Female
PenisMidline rapheIschiocavernosus
ClitorisUrethralopening
Anus Vaginalopening
BulbospongiosusSuperficialtransverseperineal muscleLevator ani
(c)Gluteus maximus
![Page 18: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
PLAY A&P Flix™: Muscles that act on the shoulder joint and humerus: An overview (b)
PLAY A&P Flix™: Muscles that act on the shoulder joint and humerus: An overview (a)
Superficial Muscles of the Thorax
• Most are extrinsic shoulder muscles
• Act in combination to fix the shoulder girdle (mostly the scapula) and move it to increase range of arm movements
• Actions include elevation, depression, rotation, lateral and medial movements, protraction, and retraction
• Two groups of muscles: anterior and posterior
![Page 19: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Superficial Muscles of the Thorax
• Anterior extrinsic shoulder muscles
• Pectoralis minor
• Serratus anterior
• Subclavius
• (Pectoralis major considered later with muscles that act on the humerus)
PLAY A&P Flix™: Muscles of the pectoral girdle (b)
PLAY A&P Flix™: Muscles of the pectoral girdle (a)
![Page 20: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
PLAY A&P Flix™: Muscles that act on the shoulder joint and humerus: An overview (b)
Figure 10.13a
SubclaviusClavicle
SubscapularisPectoralis minor
CoracobrachialisSerratus anterior
Humerus
Sternocleido-mastoid
DeltoidPectoralismajor Sternum
Biceps brachii
(a)
![Page 21: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Superficial Muscles of the Thorax
PLAY A&P Flix™: Serratus anterior
PLAY A&P Flix™: Pectoralis minor
![Page 22: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Superficial Muscles of the Posterior Thorax
• Posterior extrinsic shoulder muscles
• Trapezius
• Levator scpulae
• Rhomboids (major and minor)
• (Latissimus dorsi considered later with muscles that act on the humerus)
PLAY A&P Flix™: Movement of the pectoral girdle
PLAY A&P Flix™: Muscles of the pectoral girdle (c)
![Page 23: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.13c
Trapezius
(c)
LevatorscapulaeSupraspinatusClavicleSpine ofscapula InfraspinatusTeres minor
Humerus
Deltoid
Teres major
Latissimusdorsi
RhomboidminorRhomboidmajor
![Page 24: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM (ANATOMY) CHAPTER # 10(b)](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062905/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f82d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Superficial Muscles of the Posterior Thorax
PLAY A&P Flix™: Levator scapula
PLAY A&P Flix™: Trapezius
PLAY A&P Flix™: Rhomboid major
PLAY A&P Flix™: Rhomboid minor