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Transcript of Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 12 Resistance-Training...
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Chapter 12
Resistance-Training Strategies for Individuals with Coronary Heart
Disease
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
• Caused by atherosclerosis– Hardening of arteries
• Blood flow reduced through coronary arteries to heart muscle
• Typically results in chest pain and/or heart damage
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Managing CHD
• Resistance-training programs
• Cardiovascular exercise
• Proper diet
• Lifestyle modifications– E.g., stress management, smoking cessation
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Prevalence of CHD
• Leading cause of death for men and women in US
• CHD-related event occurs approximately every 29 seconds
• Death related to CHD occurs approximately every minute
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Prevalence of CHD
• Risk of CHD:– Men = 49 percent
– Women over age 40 = 32 percent
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Etiology of CHD
• Atherosclerosis– Build up of fatty material and plaque in coronary
arteries
• Narrowed coronary arteries cause flow of blood to heart to slow or stop
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Etiology of CHD
• Symptoms:– Chest pain
– Shortness of breath
– Heart attack
– Others
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Risk Factors for CHD
• Family history
• Poor diet
• Lack of exercise
• Excess cholesterol
• Smoking
• Diabetes
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Cardiac Rehabilitation
• Comprehensive, long-term program
• Includes:– Medical evaluation
– Prescribed exercise
– Cardiac risk factor modification
– Education
– Counseling
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Cardiac Rehabilitation
• Designed to limit physiologic and psychological effects of cardiac illness among other benefits
• Incorporates latest research in exercise prescription
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Research Supports Resistance Training
• Improves mood and muscular strength
• Limits:– Angina
– ST segment depression
– Cardiovascular complications
– Pulmonary complications
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Research Supports Resistance Training
• Increases muscular strength– Alleviating stress related to performing activities of
daily living
• Improves overall quality of life
• Increases bone density– Countering effects of immunosuppressive therapy
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Research Supports Resistance Training
• Increases lean body mass
• May create more favorable blood lipid levels
• Increases cardiovascular conditioning
• Lowers blood pressure
• Enhances insulin uptake
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Program Design Considerations
• Requires physical and cardiopulmonary exercise test– Test results form basis of exercise program
• ACSM has specific guidelines
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Exercise Testing Considerations
• Can safely use 1 RM assessment on individuals with CHD
• Can perform maximal strength testing two to four weeks post-event
• RM should fall within 8 to 15 RM range to ensure assessment of strength
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Exercise Testing Considerations
• Use electrocardiogram (EKG) monitoring during RM testing to detect arrhythmias
• Monitor blood pressure during 1 RM assessment for hypertensive clients
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Exercise Testing Considerations
• Systolic blood pressure should not exceed 30 to 40 mm Hg– Refer to Table 12.2
• Other testing methods available
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Program Components
• Exercise selection critical– Not all exercises appropriate
• Exercises must increase strength and lean body mass– Minimizing adverse effects
• Continually emphasize proper performance
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Program Components
• Exercises should mimic activities of daily living– Refer to Table 12.3
• Major goal of training:– Gain muscular strength
• Minimum rest time of two minutes between sets
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Program Components
• Perform whole-body workouts two to three days per week
• Ideally perform resistance training before cardiovascular work
• Keep training format the same each time
• See sample 24-Week Program