Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 8 Lecture Concepts of Genetics Tenth Edition...
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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 8 Lecture Concepts of Genetics Tenth Edition Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Chromosome Number and Arrangement
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Transcript of Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 8 Lecture Concepts of Genetics Tenth Edition...
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 8 Lecture
Concepts of GeneticsTenth Edition
Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Chromosome Number and Arrangement
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.1 Specific Terminology Describes Variations in Chromosome Number
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 8.1
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.1 Specific Terminology Describes Variations in Chromosome Number
8.1.1 Variation in the Number of Chromosomes Results from Nondisjunction
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.1
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.2 Monosomy and Trisomy Result in a Variety of Phenotypic Effects
Partial Monosomy in Humans—Cri-du-Chat Syndrome46,5p-
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 8-2 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.
46,5p- Cri-du-Chat
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8.3 Trisomy Involves the Addition of a Chromosome to a Diploid Genome
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.2
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
A trisomy can be perpetuated
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8.3 Trisomy Involves the Addition of a Chromosome to a Diploid Genome
8.3.1 Down Syndrome 47,21+
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.3
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.4
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Father’s Age Is Linked to Risk of Autism and Schizophrenia
August 22, 2012
Number of mutations fromDad increases by 2 per year fromage 25 on. Number of mutations from Mom is about 15 regardlessof Mom’s age.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.2 Trisomy Involves the Addition of a Chromosome to a Diploid Genome
Patau Syndrome 47,13+
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.5
1:19,000
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Trisomy Involves the Addition of a Chromosome to a Diploid Genome
Edwards Syndrome 47,18+
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1:8,000
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Trisomy Involves the Addition of a Chromosome to a Diploid Genome
Viability in Human Aneuploidy
Up to 30 percent of all fertilized eggs in humans may contain an error in chromosome number!
45,X has one of the highest incidence rates among abortuses. Also, about 80 percent of 45,X have the maternal X.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.3 Polyploidy, in Which More Than Two Haploid Sets of Chromosomes Are Present, Is Prevalent in Plants…
But very rare in animals or humans.
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Full report here
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.6
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.3 Polyploidy, in Which More Than Two Haploid Sets of Chromosomes Are Present, Is Prevalent in Plants
Autopolyploidy
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.7
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.3 Polyploidy, in Which More Than Two Haploid Sets of Chromosomes Are Present, Is Prevalent in Plants
Allopolyploidy
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.8
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.3 Polyploidy, in Which More Than Two Haploid Sets of Chromosomes Are Present, Is Prevalent in Plants
Endopolyploidy
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8.4 Variation Occurs in the Internal Composition and Arrangement of Chromosomes
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.10
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.10a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.10b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.10c
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.10d
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.10e
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.5 A Deletion Is a Missing Region of a Chromosome
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.11
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.11a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.11b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.11c
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.5 A Deletion Is a Missing Region of a Chromosome
Cri du chat Syndrome in Humans
Segmental deletion
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8.5 A Deletion Is a Missing Region of a Chromosome
Drosophila Heterozygous for Deficiencies May Exhibit Pseudodominance
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.6 A Duplication Is a Repeated Segment of the Genetic Material
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.13
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Gene Xeroxing
Gene Copy Number Variants
Science (2007) 317:1315-1317
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8.6 A Duplication Is a Repeated Segment of the Genetic Material
Gene Redundancy and Amplification: Ribosomal RNA Genes
The Bar-Eye Mutation in Drosophila
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.14
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.6 A Duplication Is a Repeated Segment of the Genetic Material
The Role of Gene Duplication in Evolution
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8.7 Inversions Rearrange the Linear Gene Sequence
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.15
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.7 Inversions Rearrange the Linear Gene Sequence
Consequences of Inversions during Gamete Formation
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.16
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.16
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.16a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.16b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.7 Inversions Rearrange the Linear Gene Sequence
Position Effects of Inversions
Evolutionary Advantages of Inversions
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8.8 Translocations Alter the Location of Chromosomal Segments in the Genome
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.17a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.17b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.17c
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.8 Translocations Alter the Location of Chromosomal Segments in the Genome
Translocations in Humans: Familial Down Syndrome
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.18
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
8.9 Fragile Sites in Humans Are Susceptible to Chromosome Breakage
Fragile X Syndrome (Martin–Bell Syndrome)
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
