Copyright © 2006 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved Chapter 6 Historical Perspectives: Influences...

Copyright © 2006 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved

Chapter 6

Historical Perspectives: Influences of the Past


Historical Perspectives:

Influences of the Past Explain the early European contributions

to nursing Explain the forces that affected the roles

of American nursesDiscuss what nurses do


Nursing History: People and Places

Where did it all begin? Nurse derived from Latin word nutricius, meaning

nourishing Nursing performed by priestesses

Why deacons, widows, and virgins? Deaconesses ministered the sick Widows only married once Greater value placed on purity of body—the

virgin Became known as nuns (not married)


Nursing History: People and Places (cont’d)

Florence Nightingale—the legend and the lady

Crimean War Schools of nursing


American Nursing: Critical Factors

What was it like in colonial times? All able-bodied persons had nursing

responsibilities Women were preferred to do the nursing

What happened during the period of the Civil War? Formal nursing training


The Nurse’s Role: The Struggle for Definitions

What do nurses do? Caregiver Teacher Advocate Managers Colleague Expert

What is the traditional role of a nurse?


The Nurse’s RoleThe Struggle for Definitions (cont’d)

Did you know you would be a teacher?Who will advocate?Why are nurses managers?Can nurses be colleagues?Where does this leave the role of colleague?


What about Experts?AcademiciansHistoriansNursing educatorsCliniciansProfessional educatorsResearchers

TheoristsNurse technologistsResearch consumers

All are recognized as leaders within the profession.

All are recognized as leaders within the profession.


The Beginning

Nurses are caregivers Nurses are teachers Nurses are managers Nurses are colleagues Nurses are experts

May you become proficient in these roles and develop into an expert, and then provide the leadership for

nursing in the future…


The future is not the result of choices among alternative paths offered;

It is a place that is created,

Created first in the mind and will,

Created next in activity.

The future is not some place we are going to,

But one we are creating.

The paths to it are not found, but made.

And the activity of making them

Changes both the maker and the destiny.—Anonymous (1987)

Copyright © 2006 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved Chapter 6 Historical Perspectives: Influences...

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