Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics.
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Transcript of Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics.
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Infant suckles at the breast.
Stimulation ofnerve endings
in mother’snipple/areola sends signalto mother’s
hypothalamus/pituitary.
Pituitary releases prolactin and oxytocin.
Hormones travel via bloodstream
to mammary gland to stimulate milk production and
milk ejectionreflex (let-down).
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Maternal Factors That Support Optimal Lactation Normal breast anatomy Intact neuroendocrine reflex Good general health and
nutritional status Effective support system
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Nutrition During Lactation Generally healthy diet Drink fluids to thirst Adequate protein and
calories Calcium Multivitamin supplement
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Maternal Medications Most are
compatible with breastfeeding.
Medication use in pregnancy is not the same as medication use in lactation.
Weigh benefits against risks.
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Maternal Medications Choose the safest drug
available. Prescribe medications for the
shortest length of time appropriate.
Use short-acting formulations. Administer just after
breastfeeding. Monitor infant for side effects. Report adverse effects to
the proper authorities.
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
References AAP Committee on Drugs Hale: Medications and
Mothers’ Milk Lawrence and Lawrence:
Breastfeeding: A Guide for the Medical Profession
Briggs, Freeman, and Yaffe: Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation
Lactation Study Center Drug Data Bank, University of Rochester, NY
Maternal Medications
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Advise moderation in caffeine intake
Avoid alcohol Encourage smoking cessation
or limited use
Breastfeeding Counseling
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Human Milk Colostrum
Present in small volume before delivery and in first days after delivery
High in host defense proteins and immunoglobulins
Transitional milk
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Human Milk Colostrum
Present in small volume before delivery and in first days after delivery
High in host defenseproteins andimmunoglobulins
Transitional milk Mature breastmilk
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Twins
breastfeedingPremature infant
breastfeeding
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Photo © Nancy Wight, MD, FAAP
Photo © Ruth A. Lawrence, MD, FAAP
BreastfeedingPositions Mother
comfortable Infant head in
straight line with body
Tummy-to-tummy or chest-to-chest
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Photo © Ruth A. Lawrence, MD, FAAP
Cradle Position
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Cross-cradle or Transitional Position
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Photo © La Leche League International
Side-lying Position
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Photo © Roni M. Chastain, RN
Clutch orFootball Position
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Photo © Lori Feldman-Winter, MD, MPH, FAAP
Latch Stimulate
rooting reflex. Take sufficient
areola into mouth.
Flange lips around the breast—“fish lips.”
Have wide angle at corner of mouth.
Copyright © 2003, Rev 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics
Illustration by Tony LeTourneau
