COPPER Indian Minerals Yearbook 2013 -...

COPPER

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Indian Minerals Yearbook 2013

(Part- II : Metals & Alloys)

52ndEdition

COPPER

(FINAL RELEASE)

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF MINES

INDIAN BUREAU OF MINES

Indira Bhavan, Civil Lines, NAGPUR – 440 001

PHONE/FAX NO. (0712) 2565471

PBX : (0712) 2562649, 2560544, 2560648 E-MAIL : [email protected]

Website: www.ibm.gov.in

May, 2015

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5 Copper

Copper is an important non-ferrous base metal

having wide industrial applications, ranging

from defence, space programme, railways, power

cables, mint, telecommunication cables, etc. India

is not self-sufficient in the resources of copper

ore. In addition to domestic production of ore

and concent ra tes, Ind ia impor ts copper

concentrates for i ts smelters. The domestic

demand of copper and its alloys is met through

domestic production, recycling of scrap and by

imports.

HCL, Public Sector Undertaking, is the only

integrated producer of primary refined copper in

India that utilises both indigenous and imported

concentrates as well as imported and indigenous

scrap.

Hindalco (unit of Birla Copper) and Sterlite

Indust r ies ( Ind ia) L td , the major copper

producers in the Private Sector rely on imported

copper concentrates. These companies own

copper mines in other countries as well. Another

Private Sector company, Jhagadia Copper Ltd, also

produces copper based on secondary route.

RESOURCESThe total resources of copper ore as on

1.4.2010 as per UNFC system are estimated at

1.55 billion tonnes. Of these, 394.37 million

tonnes (25.31%) fall under 'reserves' proved

(STD111) and probable (STD121 & 122)

categories) while the balance 1.16 billion tonnes

(74.69%) are ' remain ing resources ' (under

feasibility (STD211), pre-feasibility (STD221 &

STD222), measured (STD331), indicated (STD332)

and inferred (STD333) categories). Of the total

ore resources, 2.64 mi l l ion tonnes (0.16%)

comprise ore containing 1.85% Cu or more and

676 million tonnes (43.38%) of 1% to below 1.85%

Cu grade. With regard to reserves, there were no

reserves above 1.85% Cu grade. However,

381.69 million tonnes fall under 1% to below

1.85% Cu grade.

The to ta l copper meta l content in the

resources is 12.28 mi l l ion tonnes of which

4.76 million tonnes constitute reserves.

Largest resources of copper ore to a tune of

777.17million tonnes (49.86%) are in the state of

Rajasthan followed by Madhya Pradesh with

377.19 million tonnes (24.2%) and Jharkhand

with 288.12 million tonnes (18.48%). Copper

resources in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana,

Karnataka, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Nagaland,

Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand and

West Bengal accounted for remaining 7.46% of

the total all India resources (Table-1).

EXPLORATION & DEVELOPMENT

GSI and MECL were engaged in the

exploration of base metals in 2012-13. MECL

carried out exploration in District Bhilwara of

Rajasthan and GSI carried out exploration in the

states of Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh,

Haryana, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra,

Rajasthan, Sikkim and Uttrakhand. Details of

exploration activities conducted for copper in

2012-13 are given in Table-2.

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Table - 1 : Reserves/Resources of Copper as on 1.4.2010 (P)(By Grades/States)

(In ’000 tonnes)

Reserves Remaining resourcesTotal

Grade/State Proved Probable Total Feasibility Pre-feasibility Measured Indicated Inferred ReconnsaissanceTotal resourcesSTD111 STD121 STD122 A STD221 STD221 STD222 STD331 STD332 STD333 STD334 B (A+B)

All India : TotalO r e 133388 127100 133884 394372 15781 21323 12429 147989 224976 741588 - 1164086 1558458Metal 1604.73 1508.36 1655.24 4768.33 213.01 223.01 23.45 1453.04 1686.84 3918.99 - 7518.34 12286.67

By GradesOre with 1.85 % & above Cu - - - - - 62 - 430 813 1336 - 2641 2641

Ore with 1.00 % to below 1.85 % Cu 125287 127100 129311 381698 12406 19031 168 76053 46391 140398 - 294447 676145

Ore with (+) 0.50% to below 1.00% Cu 557 - 31 588 - 2230 2008 23366 85012 504366 - 616982 617570

Ore with (-) 0.50% Cu 7544 - 4542 12086 3375 - 10253 48140 92760 95488 - 250016 262102

By StatesAndhra Pradesh

Ore - - - - 686 666 105 - 5791 1000 - 8248 8248Metal - - - - 6.88 9.12 1.05 - 97.45 8.32 - 122.82 122.82

GujaratOre - 4955 845 5800 - - - 129 - 7131 - 7260 13060Metal - 80.75 13.78 94.53 - - - 0.69 - 113.38 - 114.07 208.60

HaryanaOre - - - - - 2230 - - - 30678 - 32908 32908Metal - - - - - 11.82 - - - 101.80 - 113.62 113.62

JharkhandOre 16540 49127 21151 86818 11720 17990 - 74857 64488 32252 - 201307 288125Metal 163.04 448.83 196.91 808.78 202.76 194.30 - 869.43 606.35 412.65 - 2285.49 3094.27

KarnatakaOre 836 1301 373 2510 - - 2008 1750 6833 20434 - 31025 33535Metal 8.78 17.56 4.31 30.65 - - 11.24 22.00 65.77 99.61 - 198.62 229.27

Madhya PradeshOre 90909 71481 35929 198319 - - - 49650 33700 95519 - 178869 377188Metal 1218.18 957.84 467.08 2643.10 - - - 155.75 104.70 916.02 - 1176.47 3819.57

(Contd.)

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MaharashtraOre - - - - - - - - 9399 3811 - 13210 13210Metal - - - - - - - - 89.65 43.05 - 132.70 132.70

MeghalayaOre - - - - - - - - 880 - - 880 880Metal - - - - - - - - 9.00 - - 9.00 9.00

NagalandOre - - - - - - - - - 2000 - 2000 2000Metal - - - - - - - - - 15.00 - 15.00 15.00

OdishaOre - - - - - - - 1420 2536 2095 - 6051 6051Metal - - - - - - - 21.69 21.06 20.69 - 63.44 63.44

RajasthanOre 25103 228 75585 100916 3375 - 10253 16513 100256 545858 - 676255 777171Metal 214.73 3.29 973.16 1191.18 3.37 - 10.25 320.48 686.60 2179.09 - 3199.79 4390.97

Sikk imOre - 8 - 8 - 437 63 300 - 150 - 950 958Metal - 0.09 - 0.09 - 7.77 0.91 8.47 - 4.23 - 21.38 21.47

Tamil NaduOre - - - - - - - 200 590 - - 790 790Metal - - - - - - - 1.08 2.73 - - 3.81 3.81

UttarakhandOre - - - - - - - 3170 390 660 - 4220 4220Metal - - - - - - - 53.45 1.44 5.15 - 60.04 60.04

West BengalOre - - - - - - - - 113 - - 113 113Metal - - - - - - - - 2.09 - - 2.09 2.09

Figures rounded off.

Reserves Remaining resourcesTotal

Grade/State Proved Probable Total Feasibility Pre-feasibility Measured Indicated Inferred ReconnaissanceTotal resourcesSTD111 (A) STD211 STD331 STD332 STD333 STD334 (B) (A+B)

STD121 STD122 STD221 STD222

Table - 1 : (Concld.)

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GSIAndhra PradeshAnantapur Cherlapalle 1:2000 - 7 818.30 - Prospecting stage (G-3) was carried

block of out to assess copper mineralisationKanganapalle in quartz reef by mapping & explo-

ratory drilling. The mineralisedquartz reef having strike lengthof 1.2 km & width 1 to 12 m hasbeen delineated at the shearedcontact between granite-granodioriteand amphibolite. The surface mani-festation of base metal mineralisationoccurs as malachite stains, boxworkand cavities due to leaching ofsulphides. Most of the BRS samplesreported copper value less than 0.2%.From the analytical result of thetrench sample, it is found that thecopper concentration in the minera-lised body is 0.11% (Wt.Av) over astrike length of 1 km. Out of 7bore holes, 6 boreholes intersected themineralised zone at 60 m verticaldepth & 1 borehole at 120 m verticaldepth. In all 5 mineralised zoneshave been noticed with followingdimensions.

(1) 2.5m x 0.24% Cu between 40.55 and 43.05 m depth(2) 2.5m x 0.21% Cu between 45.85 and 48.35 m depth(3) 1.5m x 0.2% Cu between 64.65 and 66.15 m depth(4) 4.16 m x 0.23% Cu between 67.15 and 71.25 m depth(5) 2.5m x 0.38% Cu between 47.50 and 50.0 m depth.The copper mineralisation in allthe boreholes is in the form ofmalacite and covellite (upto 30-35mdepth) and fine disseminated freshchalcopyrite at deeper level.Wall rock alteration was also noticedin the form of chloritisation,silicification and epidotisation. Theexploration work has been completed.

Arunachal Pradesh East Kameng Pakro-Ningcho 1:12500 48 - - 11 Reconnaissance stage investigation

areas (G-4) was carried out to delineatezones of base metal & associatedmineralisation. No significant base-metal mineralisation has been noticed.The minealisation occurs with inthe quartzite bands which occuras enclaves within schist of theKhetabari formation. Collected

Table – 2 : Details of Exploration Activities for Copper, 2012-13

Agency/ Location Mapping DrillingState/ Area/ Sampling RemarksDistrict Block Scale Area No. of Meterage (No.)

(sq km) boreholes

(Contd.)

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(sq km) boreholes

Table - 2 (Contd.)

samples analysed for copper contentwhich ranges from 0.22% to 0.66%.The analytical result of gold valuesis yet to be received. Malachite stainswere observed in the rolled boulders.

Haryana Mahendragarh(North of 1:2000 30 - 440.55 - Prospecting stage investigation(G-3)

Bakrija,) was carried out to demarcate hostNorth of rock of copper mineralisation inJagreet Ki the unexplored areas. The objectDhani to South of this investigation was to assessof Berundola the potential of copper minerali-village sation both in depth and strike

extension in alluvial covered areas.Drilling was completed overa cummulative strike of 650 m tointersect the mineralised zone at60 m vertical depth. Analyticalresults of 15 no of channelsampling indicated Cu < 5 ppm,Pb<10 ppm and Zn 11 - 37 ppm.Samples from the boreholes wereanalysed by AAS for basemetals.The analytical results yield coppervalues ranging from <5 to 1704 ppm,lead values < 5 ppm to 146 ppmand zinc value ranging from < 5 ppmto 431 ppm. The investigation hasbeen completed.

Kerala Wayanad Pandinjarattara 1:125,000 20 - - 105 Reconnaissance stage (G-4) investi-

area gation was carried out to trace themassive sulphide bearing zones todelineate potential areas for basemetal mineralisation. Mapping wascarried out to delineate sulphidebearing zones. The sulphide bearingBIFs occurs as two separate bands1) Northern band 2) Southern band.The northern band extendsfor a strike length of about570 m and southern band has beentraced for a strike length of about650 m. The sulphide bearing BIFbands trends NW-SE to NS andranges in thickness from 2 - 12 mand are discontinuous. Analyticalresult of groove samples indicatedcopper values varying from 42 -639 ppm and zinc from 40 -129 ppm.

Madhya Pradesh Katni Nanhwara 1:12500 75 - - 75 The analytical result of 35 samples

Vilayat so far received indicates gold con-Kalan tent varying from 100 ppb toarea 180 ppb. One Bedrock sample

from chert band shows 0.42% Cu.

(Contd.)

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(sq km) boreholes

Table - 2 (Contd.)

Maharashtra Nagpur Gothangaon - 50 - - - Reconnaissane stage (G-4)

Gohart area investigation was carried out.(Sakoli fold Quartz veins contain pyrite,belt) arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite,

which are traced for 120 m.

Rajasthan Alwar Mundiyawas- - - 6 - - Prospecting stage investigation(G-3)

Khera area was carried out to evaluate the depth(North Delhi potential of copper & preciousFold Belt). metal mineralisation. SurfaceKhera indications of mineralisationBlock are manifested by malachite stains,

presence of old workings andoccasionally fresh specks of sulphideslike bornite, chalcopyrite and pyrite.Three zones of mineralisation,which extend for about 300 m withan average width of 10-30 mhave been identified.Channelsampling was carried outalong three profile across themineralised zones.The investi-gation was supplemented by drillingto test the sub surface copperand associated precious metalmineralisation, if any, throughsix boreholes. The mineralisationmostly occurs in the form ofdisseminations, streaks, stringers,veinlets and fracture fillings.Chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pyriteand rare specks of bornite andcovellite are recorded within thinquartz and carbonate veins.

- do - Khera East - - - - - Reconnaissance stage investigationblock (G-4) was carried out to evaluate

the potential of copper & preciousmetal mineralisation. The KheraEast block exposes rocks belongingto the Thanagazi formation of theAjabgarh Group of the Delhi SuperGroup. The surface indication ofmineralisation is present in the formof sporadic malachite stains indolomitic marble intercalated withquartzite bands and scattered slagsin the eastern part of the area.However in the western part,disseminations of sulphides (pyrro-tite & arsenopyrite) occur withina fine grained black coloured rock/cherty quartzite containing carbo-nates. The width of which extendsupto the northern part was foundabout 4-5 m which contains veryfine sulphide grains. The invest-gation has been completed.

(Contd.)

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(sq km) boreholes

Table - 2 (Contd.)

Banswara Gundelapara 1:2000 1.0 - - 604 Reconnaissance stage investigationwest block was carried out. Analytical results of

the chemical samples so far receivedindicate two anomalous copper zoneswith thickness varying from 2 to 5mwith about 0.1% Cu.

Bhilwara Karoi - - 8 1224 - Prospecting stage investigationRajpura, (G-3) was carried out to assess the(Pur-Banera basemetal potential. The sulphidebelt) mineralisation occurs as fracture

filling in the form of stringers& veins. To test the presence ofsub-surface copper mineralisation,drilling has been carried out.The sulphide mineralisationintersected in the boreholes arein the form of disseminationsstringers & veins of chalcopyrite,bornite, covellite and pyrrhotite.Analytical result of borehole - 1shows that one mineralised zoneintersected between depth of3 m and 8.70 m contained0.28% Cu. Investigation hasbeen completed.

- do- Salampura and 1:2000 0.5 - - 100 Reconnaissance stage investigationDariba block, was carried out for basemetal(Pur-Banera mineralisation to assess the basebelt) metal potential in the gap area

between Pur-Dariba copperprospect and Gurla basemetalprospect. The detailed mappingand geochemical sampling wascarried out. Two major oldworkings were noticed at SE & NEpart of village Dariba. Themineralisation is mainly hostedin magnetite bearing calcareousschist/ amphibolite marble whichis initially associated withbanded magnetite quartzite(BMQ)& calc silicate. Malachite stainswere also noticed in interbedsequence of calc-silicates &garnet-biotite schist and BMQ.Pinch and swell structures aredeveloped in BMQ at places.Samplings were carried outfrom the area 50m x 200m grid,which show presence ofanomalous zone in the area.

Jhunjhunu South - - 4 9 9 153 Reconnaissance stage investigation Ponkh Extension was carried out to evaluate

block potential of copper & precious(Central Khetri metal mineralisation. ThreeBelt) gossans have been demarcated

in north east of the village Ponkh,

(Contd.)

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(sq km) boreholes

Table - 2 (Contd.)

out of which the largest gossan liesin the north western part of thearea and is 130 m in length with30 m of width. The result of thechemical analysis shows very poorcopper mineralisation (10 ppm to224 ppm) in the area. Themineralisation mostly occursin the form of disseminations,stringers, vein and specks of pyriteonly. Evidences of malachitestaining and occurrences of coppersulphides were not observed in thecore samples.

Partapgarh Chari NW block 1:10,000 40 - - - Reconnaissance stage investigation(South Delhi 1:2,000 0.5 - - 393 (G-4) was carried out to evaluate thefold belt) north western extension of Chari

Copper deposit & to identify targetareas for sulphide mineralisation inthis block. Meta volcanics is the hostrock for base metal mineralisation.At places, sulfide minerals such aspyrite, chalcopyrite and arsenopyritewere also reported in metavolcanics.The banded magnetite/haematitequartzites (BMQ/BHQ) are presentmostly within the quartzites or atthe contact of metavolcanics andquartzite. A NW-SE trendinggossan/oxidised zones was identi-fied in the metavolcanics. Thisgossan/oxidised band is about 350-400 meters in strike length withthickness varying from 10 m to 15 mand is the favourable locales forbasemetal mineralisation. Pyrite,chalcopyrite and malachite stainsare observed in hand specimensfrom this zone. Ore microscopicstudy reveals presence of pyriteand chalcopyrite mineralisation inmeta-argillites/slate. The investi-gation was continued in 2013-14.

Sikar Nanagwas - - 4 - - Prospecting stage investigation (G-3)area was carried out to test the sub surface(North continuity of basemetal minerali-Delhi sation & associated precious metals.fold belt) Two mineralised zones have been

delineated on surface. Four boreholeswere drilled to intersect minerali-sation at target depth (zone-I).Out of 4 boreholes, 2 boreholesintersected mineralised zone ofcopper mineralisation with 0.27%to 0.30% Cu with width ranging from1m to 15.25 m and depth of inter-section ranging from 64.15 m to107.85 m. Similarly in borehole No.2

(Contd.)

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(sq km) boreholes

Table - 2 (Contd.)

copper mineralisation with 0.13%Cu to 0.39% Cu with width rangingfrom 1 m to 9.20 m & depth ofintersection varies from 60.05 mto 104.10 m respectively.

Sikar (Contd.) Dariba - - 5 707.75 - Prospecting stage investigation -do- North (G-3) was carried sout to assess zones

Block of mineralisation &associated(North Delhi precious metals through sub surfacefold belt) probing and to trace the northern

continuity of sub-surface sulphidemineralisation which has alreadybeen established by drillingin the southern continuationof this block. The mineralisationmostly occurs in the form offoliation parallel fine dissemi-nations, streaks, stringers, veins andspecks of bornite, covellite, chalco-pyrite and pyrrhotite. Zones ofhighly silicified & brecciated quart-zite with semi-pelitic rock andintercalated amphibole marblecontaining sulphide which are mani-fested by disseminations of pyrite,chalcopyrite and specks of bornite& covellite occasionally. Theborehole BH-1 has intersected twomineralised zones with 0.5 m x 0.15% Cu and 2 m x 0.19% Cu at shallow depth.

- do- Ghatiwala 1:2000 1.0 - - 263 Reconnaissance stage investigationblock (G-4) was carried out to trace the(North Delhi northern continuity of sulphidefold belt) mineralisation which has been estab-

lished in the southern continuation.The present block is located northof the Dariba north block and southof the Nanagwas block. A mineral-ised zone of about 200 m length hasbeen delineated on the western marginof the mapped area. The analyticalresult of channel samples reportedCu value ranging from 5 ppm to990 ppm. The investigation has beencompleted.

- do - Palaswala ki 1:2000 0.78 - - 182 Reconnaissance stage investigationDhani block (G-4) was carried out to delineate(North Delhi zones of basemetal mineralisation &fold belt) associated precious metals. The

surface indications of sulphidemineralisation are manifested in theform of bedding parallel pervasivemalachite stains & specks of freshsulphide in tremolite dolomiticmarble and siliceous dolomite marble.

(Contd.)

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Three mineralised zones (I, II & III)

have been identified. The I & II lie

in western limb of the synformwhereas the III is in core part.

The average strike length of

I, II and II is about 400 m, 600 mand 250 m respectively with width

varying from 7 m to 15 m. The

analytical results of channel-Ireported that the Cu content

ranging from 5 ppm to 0.76%.

Sirohi Bhimana - - - - - Evidence of mineralisation has

& Kivarli been recorded in the basic volcanics

blocks in the form of malachite stainsand sulphide specks. Analytical

result of eleven (11) grab samples

from basic volcanics has indicatedthe Cu and Zn values ranging from

11 ppm to 78 ppm and 21 to

450 ppm respectively.

S ikk im East Dikchu 1:12,500 75 - - - Reconnaissance stage investigation

basemetal (G-4) was carried out to assess the

prospect basemetal which include all areas

of visible sulphide occurrences.The base metal mineralisation in

the south and north of Dikchu River

occurs as poor to moderate imper-sistent pockets, lenses, veins and

fracture filling. Three different

mineralised zones have been identified.(1) Bakchechu-Rethechu confluence

Phodong (Cu values range from

3637 ppm to 15600 ppm),(2) Nampung - 4th mile Pangthang

(Cu values ranges from 206 ppm to

5600 ppm) and (3) Nabey - Luying(Cu ranging from 364 ppm to

16,260 ppm). The investigation has

been completed.Uttarakhand RudraprayagChopra - - - - - Reconnaissance stage investigation

Bhatwari (G-4) was carried out to delineateareas the mineral potentiality of the area.

The sulphide mineralisation is

manifested by occurrenc of pyritechalcopyrite with rew bornite specks.

Dolomitic marble bands with sulphide

bearing quartz-calcite veins have


(sq km) boreholes

Table - 2 (Contd.)

(Contd.)

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PRODUCTIONCopper Ore and Concentrates

The production of copper ore at 3.64 milliontonnes in 2012-13 increased by 5% as comparedto that in the previous year.

The metal content in the ore produced in2012-13 works out to 32,505 tonnes as against33,716 tonnes in 2011-12. During the year underreview, 3.62 million tonnes of ore was treatedfor obtaining copper concentrates as against3.59 million tonnes in 2011-12.

Product ion o f copper concent ra tes a t123,655 tonnes in 2012-13 decreased by about5% as compared to that in the previous year.Madhya Pradesh was the leading producer ofcopper concentrates,accounting for about 55% ofthe production during 2012-13, fol lowed byRajasthan with 35% and Jharkhand with 10%production. The number of reporting mines in2012-13 was 5 as against 4 mines in the previousyear (Tables 5 - 8).

Grade AnalysisDuring the year, copper content in the ore

produced was 0.89% Cu against 0.97% in year

been delineated for strike length of

500m with width varying from

10 m to 15 m. Analytical values of

Au are <50 ppb while Cu ranges from

193 ppm to 0.96%. Two feeble

mineralized zones of copper have

been delineated in Jagtoli-Agar area.

The investigation has been completed.

MECL

Rajasthan

Bhilwara Gurla (North) 1:5,000 1.2 23 3941 1747 About 7.101 million tonnes resources

Copper-Lead- were estimated strike length with

Zinc Block 0.86% Pb, 1.4% Zn 0.36% Cu at

2.0% TMC (Pb+Zn+Cu) cut off

or 0.5% Cu cut off.


(sq km) boreholes

Table - 2 (Concld.)

2011-12. All India average metal content of oretreated during 2012-13 works out to 0.88% Cuas against 0 .96% in the preceding year.The copper content in the ore treated variesfrom state to state. It was 0.93% Cu in Jharkhand,0.90% Cu in Madhya Pradesh, and 0.83% Cuin Rajasthan. The average metal content inthe concentrate produced works out to 23.74% Cuin 2012-13 as against 24.05% Cu in the previousyear. The copper concent ra te producedin Madhya Pradesh in 2012-13 was of theh ighest grade in the count ry 27.60% Cufollowed by Jharkhand 25.47% Cu and Rajasthan17.19% Cu.

The average daily employment of labourin copper mines in 2012-13 was 2,918 as against

2,774 in the preceding year.

Copper MetalHindustan Copper Ltd. produces copper

metal from the ore produced at their captivemines and also from imported Cu concentrate.Sterl i te Industries (India) Ltd and HindalcoIndust r ies L td produce copper meta l f romimported copper concentrates (Table 4 & 8).

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The production of copper blister decreased by10% and copper continuous cast wire rodsregistered a decrease of 1% in 2012-13 ascompared to previous year. Similarly productionof copper cathodes was decreased by 2%.Production of copper electrolytic wire bars was notreported from last three years (Table 9 to 12).

Table – 3 : Principal Producer of CopperConcentrates, 2012-13

Name and address of Location of minethe producer

State District

Hindustan Copper Ltd. Jharkhand SinghbhumTamra Bhavan. (East)1, Ashutosh Choudhury Avenue Madhya - BalaghatPost Box No. 10224, PradeshKolkata – 700 019

Rajasthan Jhunjhunu

Table – 4 : Production of Copper Ore, 2011-12 and 2012-13(By States)

( In tonnes)

2011-12 2012-13(P)State

Ore Cu% Metal Ore Cu% Metalproduced con ten t produced con ten t

Ind ia 3479189 0 .97 33716 3638751 0 .89 32505Jharkhand 395745 0 .95 3 7 6 0 398537 0 .93 3 6 9 5Madhya Pradesh 2082959 1 .02 21204 2257288 0 .91 20568Rajasthan 1000485 0 .87 8 7 5 2 982926 0 .84 8 2 4 2

Table – 5 : Copper Ore Tr eated, 2011-12 and 2012-13(By States)

( In tonnes)

2011-12 2012-13(P)State

Ore Cu% Metal Ore Cu% Metalt reated con ten t t reated con ten t

Ind ia 3588861 0 .96 34328 3619079 0 .88 31914Jharkhand 390543 0 .95 3 7 1 0 373238 0 .93 3 4 7 0Madhya Pradesh 2223753 1 .00 22149 2238781 0 .90 20101Rajasthan 974565 0 .87 8 4 6 9 1007060 0 .83 8 3 4 3

Table – 6 : Production of Copper Concentrates, 2010-11 to 2012-13(By States)

(Quantity in tonnes; value in L ' 000)

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13(P)State

Quant i ty Value Quant i ty Value Quant i ty value

India 136856 4733515 130456 5385751 123655 6307619 Jharkhand 12904 445678 13767 457835 12770 428477 Madhya Pradesh 78778 2477950 75239 2934838 67640 3002631 Rajasthan 45174 1809887 41450 1993078 43245 2876511

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Table – 7 : Production of Copper Concentrates, 2011-12 and 2012-13(By Sector/States/Districts)

(Quantity in tonnes; value in L'000)

2011-12 2012-13(P)State/District No. of No. of

mines Quantity Cu % Value mines Quantity Cu % Value

India 4 130456 24.05 5385751 5 123655 23.74 6307619 Public Sector 4 130456 24.05 5385751 5 123655 23.74 6307619

Jharkhand 1 13767 25.24 457835 2 12770 25.47 428477 Singhbhum (East) 1 13767 25.24 457835 2 12770 25.47 428477

Madhya Pradesh 1 75239 27.17 2934838 1 67640 27.60 3002631 Balaghat 1 75239 27.17 2934838 1 67640 27.60 3002631

Rajasthan 2 41450 18.01 1993078 2 43245 17.19 2876511 Jhunjhunu 2 41450 18.01 1993078 2 43245 17.19 2876511

Table – 8 : Producers of Copper, 2012-13

Locat ionName and address ofthe producer State Distr ict

Hindustan Copper Ltd, Jharkhand Singhbhum (East)Tamra Bhavan, Maharashtra Raigad1,Ashutosh Chowdhury Avenue,Post Box No.10224,Kolkata-700 019.

Hindalco Industries Ltd, Gujarat BharuchCentury Bhawan,Dr. Annie Besant Road,Mumbai –400 025,Maharashtra.

Sterlite Industries (India) Ltd, Tamil Nadu ThoothukudiCopper Division 1/1/2,Chichpada, Dadra &Nagar Haveli Chinchpada (Silvassa)Silvasa –396 830,Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT).

M/s Jhagadia Copper Ltd* Gujrat Bharuch747 GIDC Industral Estate,Post Box No. 14,P. O. Jhagadia - 393110,Dist. Bharuch, Gujrat.

* Production of copper from secondary route.

Table – 9 : Production of Copper, 2010-11 to 2012-13(Quantity in tonnes)

Copper Copper Copper CopperYear blister cathodes electrolyt ic CCWR*

wire bars

2010-11 14245 512124 - 300416

2011-12 19473 504677 - 287550

2012-13(P) 17455 493519 - 285051

*CCWR - Continuous Cast Wire Rods.

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Table – 12 : Production of Copper (Cathodes), 2011-12 and 2012-13(By States/Plants)

(Quantity in tonnes; value in L '000)

2011-12 2012-13(P)State Plant

Quant i ty Value Quant i ty Value

Ind ia 504677 206308438 493519 213917869Gujarat Hindalco 330047 136099235 314941 136885133Jharkhand Surda ICC 18203 7982303 17281 7946636Tamil Nadu Sterl i te 156427 62226900 161297 69086100

Table – 11 : Production of Copper (CCWR), 2011-12 and 2012-13(By States/Plants)

(Quantity in tonnes; value in L'000)

2011-12 2012-13(P)State Plant


Ind ia 287550 127010980 285051 135095998Gujarat Hindalco 144781 63839580 145350 66958898Maharashtra HCL Taloja 26308 15980900 20252 16482300Tamil Nadu Sterl i te 116461 47190500 119449 51654800

MINING & MILLINGHCL operates the Indian Copper Complex

(ICC) in Jharkhand, the Khetri Copper Complex

(KCC) in Rajasthan, Malanjkhand Copper Project

(MCP) at Malanjkhand in Balaghat distr ict,

Madhya Pradesh and Taloja Copper Project (TCP)

in Maharashtra. Copper ore is being treated by

f ro th f lo ta t ion process to produce copper

concentrate at 23.74% copper content. The

concentrate is then smelted by flash-smelting

technique of Outokumpu of Finland at Khetri to

produce 99.9% copper.

Table – 10 : Production of Copper (Blister), 2011-12 and 2012-13(By State/Plant)

(Quantity in tonnes)

2011-12 2012-13State Plant


Ind ia 19473 N.A. 17455 N.A

Jharkhand Surda ICC 19473 N.A. 17455 N.A

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Hindustan Copper LtdMining methods adopted in Khetr i and

Kolihan underground mines of HCL are sub-levelopen stoping and blasthole stoping. In sub-levelopen stoping, sub-levels are developed at verticalintervals of 18 to 20 m and a crown level isdeveloped 9 m below upper main level. Width ofthe stope across the ore body is governed by itsth ickness. Stope dr i l l ing is done by57 mm dia. BBC 120F drifter machine. A slot raiseis prepared within the stope limit connectingcrown level to extraction level. Slot raise is thenwidened to full width of the stope. Stope ringsare blasted using the free face of the slot. Whenblasting of stope rings is completed, stope pillarrings are blasted. After completion of the stopeand pillar rings, rib and crown pillars are blastedat a time. After recovery of ore from rib pillar andcrown pillar ore, the sill pillar is blasted fromhanging wall to foot wall.

Another mining method used is blastholestoping method, wherein, a drill level is preparedbetween two main levels leaving a crown pillar of9 to 15 m. Slot raise, slot, stope and rib pillar aredrilled by Cubex 165 mm dia. machine. Trough, silland crown pillar drilling are done by BBC120Fdrifter machine. Sequence of blasting remains thesame as in the sub-level open stoping method.

HCL has a total of 3.8 million tpy ore capacity,that includes 1.4 million tpy at KCC, 2.0 milliontpy at MCP and 0.4 mill ion tpy at ICC. Thecompany operates concentrator plants in Khetri,Rajasthan with a capacity of 2.02 million tpy,Ghatsila, Jharkhand with 1.55 million tpy capacityand Malan jkhand, Madhya Pradesh wi th2.00 million tpy capacity. It also operates twosmelters at KCC 31,000 tpy capacity and at ICC20,500 tpy capacity. The smelter at KCC is notoperating since December 2008 due to economicreasons. The company has prepared a road mapfor enhancing its mine production from currentlevel of 3.6 MT to 12.4 MT per annum in the next5 years with an estimated capital requirement ofL3435 crores through expansion of existing minesand reopening of closed mines.

Khetri Copper Complex (KCC), Khetrinagar,Jhunjhunu District, Rajasthan

KCC has four projects under the complex atKhetri, Kolihan and Chandmari in Jhunjhunudis t r ic t and Dar iba in A lwar d is t r ic t , a l lcommissioned between 1973 and 1975 of which

present ly the former two are in operat ion.Chandmari copper project is not in operation since2002. It operates two underground mines namely,Khetri and Kolihan with combined capacity of1.4 million tpy. KCC has also a concentratorplant having a capacity of 2.02 million tonnes peryear and a smelter with capacity of 31 thousandtonnes per year at Khetri in Jhunjhunu district,Rajasthan. It has facilities to recover gold, silver,nickel and sulphuric acid. However, HCL iscontemplating suspension of operation at PreciousMetal Recovery (PMR) plant, as export of anodeslimes containing gold and silver directly is foundto be economical ly advantageous. HCL isconsidering opening a new copper mine at Banwasin Rajasthan through contract mining with foreignpartners.

Indian Copper Complex (ICC), Ghatsila, EastSinghbhum District, Jharkhand

India Resources Limited of Monarch GoldCompany Ltd, Australia,through its alliance withHindustan Copper Ltd (HCL) has undertaken themine development of Surda Copper Mine andMosabani Concentrator Plant and has introducedmodern mining and processing equipment. Themine has started production of copper ore andconcentrates from January 2008. Mining iscurrently underway in eight stopes with initialproduction target of 450,000 tpy at a forecastaverage grade of 1% Cu. All mines at IndianCopper Complex (ICC), Jharkhand were earlierclosed on economic considerations. Out of theclosed mines at ICC, Company has since re-opened the mine at Surda in association with anAustralian Mining Company, viz. M/s. MonarchGold Co. Ltd/IRL.

Malanjkhand Copper Project (MCP),Malanjkhand, Balaghat District, Madhya Pradesh

MCP has the largest hard rock open-pitmechanised mine in the country at Malanjkhand,Balaghat district, Madhya Pradesh, having anannual capacity to produce 2 million tonnes orewith a matching concentrator plant. It is the singlelargest copper deposit in the country contributing80% to the HCL's total copper ore production.Prominent deposits in MCP are Malanjkhand,Shitalpani, Gidhri Dhorli, Jatta and Garhi Dongri.The concentrates produced by this plant are sentto KCC and ICC for smelting. The CCEA hadapproved the investment of L1856.36 crore for theexpansion of MCP from 2.0 million tpy to 5.0 milliontpy underground mine.

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Table – 13 : Capacity of Copper Smelters

(Quantity in '000 tonnes)

Smelter/Location AnnualCapacity

TOTAL 1001.5

1. Hindustan Copper Ltd 51.5

i) Khetri Copper Complex, 31 Dist. Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan.

ii) Indian Copper Complex 20.5 Dist. East Singhbhum, Jharkhand.

2. M/s. Sterlite Industries 400 (India) Ltd., Thoothukudi,

Tamil Nadu.

3. M/s. Hindalco Industries Ltd, 500 Dahej, Dist. Bharuch, Gujarat.

4. M/s. Jhagadia Copper Ltd, 50 (Formerly SWIL Ltd), Dist. Bharuch, Gujarat.

INDUSTRYHCL, a public sector company, was the

only producer of primary refined copper till 1997. Theinstalled capacity for refined copper production at itstwo integrated smelters is around 51,500 tpy. Now, theother two producers of primary copper from importedconcentrates are M/s. Hindalco Industries Ltd andSterlite Industries of Vedanta Group, having annualcapacities of 500,000 tonnes and 400,000 tonnes ofrefined copper, respectively. Jhagadia Copper Ltd(formerly SWIL Ltd) has become operational with50,000 tpy capacity of copper cathodes and additionalcapacity of 20 thousand tpy of copper anode. The totalinstalled capacity is thus 1,001,500 tpy. Besides,continuous cast wire rod plants are operated by HCL,Sterlite and Hindalco. In addition, M/s. TDT presentlyAlchemist Metals Ltd, Rewari, Haryana andM/s. Finolex also have continuous cast wire rod plantsbased on imported copper. Details regarding smeltercapacity of copper cathode are given in Table - 13.

In addition, KCC has sulphuric acid andphosphatic fertilizer plants that are in operation. Atpresent KCC smelter has been shut down due toeconomic consideration since December, 2008.

ii) Indian Copper Complex (ICC)A 20,500 tpy capacity smelter is located at

Ghatsila, East Singhbhum district, Jharkhand. Inaddition, the Complex consists of 8,400 tpy wire barcasting plant, 54,000 tpy sulphuric acid plant and abrass rolling mill. There is also a precious metalrecovery plant for recovery of gold, silver, selenium,tellurium, nickel sulphate, copper sulphate, etc. A pilotplant with a capacity to produce one tonne nickelcathodes per month was also set up at ICC. The plantis currently being scaled up to a production capacityof 5 tonnes per month of nickel cathodes.

iii) Taloja Copper Project(TCP)The plant with a capacity of 60,000 tpy continuous

cast wire rods (CCWR) is located at Taloja inMaharashtra. It uses the SCR 2000 system of theworld renowned South Wire Co., USA. It produces rodsof 8 mm, 11 mm, 12.5 mm and 16 mm diameters and meetsmost precise standards conforming to ASTM B 49/98&/or IS 12444/1988. The Plant commencedcommercial production in April 1991. The installedcapacity could further be increased to 80,000 tpy in thefuture. The unit also undertakes tolling of cathodes.

The status of private sector smelter plants is asfollows :

2. Sterlite Industries (India) LtdThe Sterlite Industries (India) Ltd having

an installed smelter capacity of 400,000 tpy copperanodes is located at Thoothukudi in coastal TamilNadu. It is based on 'Isasmelt' technology usingimported concentrates. A new cathode refinery of120,000 tpy and 90,000 tpy rod plant has also beenbuilt at Thoothukudi for exports from nearby ports.The company has set up a copper refinery of180,000 tpy copper cathodes capacity and150,000 tpy rod mill at Chinchpada, Silvassa in theUnion Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli. Anode fromThoothukudi is refined at Silvassa for domesticmarket. Besides copper, the company alsomanufactures sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, goldand silver as by-products.

3. Hindalco Industries Ltd (Birla Copper)The company's smelter located at Dahej,

Bharuch distr ict, Gujarat, has a capacity of500,000 tpy. The smelter is based on Outokumpu

1. Hindustan Copper Ltdi)Khetri Copper Complex (KCC)

This smelter with a capacity of 31,000 tpy is locatedat Khetri in Jhunjhunu district, Rajasthan. HCL hastaken up technological upgradation and debottle-necking scheme at its KCC smelter and refinery that ledto enhancement of capacity from 31,000 to45,000 tpy. Though, clearance from the Governmentwas acquired for this proposal, continuous lossessuffered by HCL, have impeded due allocation of funds.

COPPER

5-18

technology. The part of production of cathodes isused for production of continuous cast wire rods.In the process of extraction of copper metal, sulphuricacid, phosphoric acid, gold and silver were alsorecovered as by-products. The entire requirement ofcopper concentrates was met through imports frommany countries namely Chile, Australia, Indonesia,Papua New Guinea, Brazil, Peru and Canada.

4. Jhagadia Copper Ltd (formerly SWIL Ltd )SWIL Ltd has been renamed Jhagadia Copper

Ltd w.e.f. 5-1-2006 and its smelter has been installedat Jhagadia in Bharuch district of Gujarat. This scrap-based electrolytic smelter for production of cathodeshas a capacity of 50,000 tonnes per year alongwith additional 20,000 tpy capacity for production ofcopper anodes. About 6,000 tonnes output areused by the company in its processing unitsfor manufacturing of wires, strips, etc., about20,000 tonnes get exported and the remaining24,000 tonnes are sold in domestic markets. The planthas been set up in technical collaboration withBoliden Contech AB of Sweden.

5. MetdistThis Company was in the process of setting up

a smelter with a capacity of 150,000 tpy coppercathodes at Rampara-Rajula in Amreli district,Gujarat, in technological collaboration withMitsubishi, Japan. The project has been withheld.

RECYCLING OF COPPERCopper scrap is traded in the form of new scrap

generated from copper smelters, copper workings aswell as old scrap recovered from electrical motors,electronic equipment, cables, wires, utensils, etc.

Copper is one of the most recycled metal of allthe metals. The recycling of copper scrap is gainingimportance worldwide simply because of the fact thatrecovery of copper metal from scrap requires muchless energy than the recovery from primary sourceand secondly it saves the natural resources.

As per ICSG (International Copper StudyGroup) the recovery of secondary copper in the entireworld was 3.47 million tonnes in 2011 as compared to3.25 million tonnes in the previous year.

In Indian condition, however, the collectionof scrap is in unorganised sector and there ispaucity of factual data. Still as per the licencesgranted by Central Pollution Control Board as on13.5.2010, there were 35 units operating in different

states with a combined capacity of 2.42 lakh tpyfor handling different types of scrap.

In addition to this, there are 132 units withcombined capacity of 5.17 lakh tpy which recovercopper along with other metals. As per the estim-ates made in the recently published Market Surveyon Copper by IBM, there was a production of1.07 lakh tpy of secondary copper, all in organisedsector, in the country.

USESThe per capita consumption of copper in India

is currently at 0.5 kg as compared to Russia3.3 kg, China's 5.4 kg per annum, USA 5.5 kg, Italy8.9 kg, Germany 13.6 kg and to that of 10 kg ofdeveloped nations. India's per capita consumptionis likely to be moderate and has many strides to coverso as to match that of China. Electrical/ElectronicIndustry is by far the largest consumer of copper,where it is used in the form of cables, winding wiresas it is the best non-precious metal conductor ofelectricity as it encounters much less resistance andis safe for electrical distribution system from highvoltage transmission cables to micro-circuits. Copperalso has relatively high creep strength as comparedto other commonly used materials. In ElectronicIndustry, semi-conductor manufacturers havelaunched a revolutionary 'copper chip' . By usingcopper for circuitry in silicon chips, microprocessorsare able to operate at higher speeds, using lessenergy. Copper heat sinks help remove heat fromtransistors and enable computer processors operateat peak efficiency. Copper is used in constructionindustry as plumbing, taps, valves and fittingscomponents. In transportation industry copper isused in various components. According to anestimate by ICSG most cars contain an average of20 kg copper and luxury & hybrid vehicles containabout 45 kg copper. Copper is extensively used inindustrial machinery and equipment. It is used in anumber of consumer products, such as, coinage,utensils, fixtures, etc. Large quantities of copper areconsumed in making copper-based alloys, such as,brass and bronze.

CONSUMPTIONAs per the estimate of ICSG, the share of electrical

and telecommunication industry in total consumptionis 56%, followed by Transport (8%), consumerdurables (7%), Building and Construction (7%),General Engineering goods (6%) and other industries

COPPER

5-19

including Process Industries (16%). The apparentavailability of copper for internal consumption invarious industries has been computed on the basisof production of refined copper (cathodes), importsand exports of copper (refined). Copper is alsotraded in the form of alloys but has not beenconsidered for arriving at apparent availability ofcopper. During 2012-13 the exports of refined copperwas slight more than the imports, and the availabilityof refined copper decreased from 285,063 tonnes in2011-12 to 254,186 tonnes in 2012-13 (Table-14).

Table – 14 : Apparent Availability of Copper forDomestic Consumption

(Based on Production of Refined Copper,Imports and Exports)

(Quantity in tonnes)

I t e m 2011-12 2012-13

I) Total Production*(Cathodes) 504677 493519

I I ) Total Imports(copper refined) 18524 23977

III) Total Exports(copper refined) 238138 263310

IV) Apparent Availability 285063 254186

* Primary.

SUBSTITUTESCopper is vulnerable for substitution on grounds

of price, technical superiority or weight. Aluminiumis used as substitute for copper in various products,such as, electrical power cables, electrical equipment,automobile radiators and cooling/refrigeration tubing.Optical fiber has substituted copper in sometelecommunication applications and plastics too isused as substitute for copper in water pipe, plumbing,fixtures and many structural applications.

WORLD REVIEWThe wor ld reserves of copper meta l is

assessed at 690 million tonnes of copper content.Chile has the largest share, accounting for about27.5% of world reserves, followed by Australia(12.6%), Peru (10.1%), USA (5.6%), Mexico (5.5%)and China & Russia (4.3% each) (Table-15).

The world mine production of copper wasincreased by 3.7% at 16.8 million tonnes in 2012.Chile continued to be the largest single producer

of copper in 2012 with 32.34% share followed byChina (9.7%), Peru (7.7% ), USA (6.9%) andAustralia (5.4%) (Table-16).

Although, major commodity derivat ivesmarkets are located in the western region, globalmarket takes the price direction from the trend indemand - supply from Asia.

AustraliaThe copper resources occur largely at

Olympic Dam in South Australia and at Mount Isain Queensland. Other significant copper resourcesare located at the CSA and the Northparkesdeposits in New South Wales. Australia's coppermine production in 2012 was slightly lower thanthat of 2011. The lower mined copper productionwas the result of a planned decrease in productionat the Ernest Henry Mine as the mine transitionedfrom an open pit operation to an undergroundoperation.

ChileIn 2012, copper smelter production decreased

by about 12% compared with that of 2011, owingto unscheduled maintenance of the smelter atCODELCO’s Chuquicamata Mine. Possib ledecreases in production at other CODELCOcopper smelters, and unscheduled maintenance atXstrata plc of Switzerland’s Altonorte smelter.Production of other pr imary ref ined copperdecreased by 18% owing to closure of the fire-refinery in CODELCO’s El-Teniente division by theend of 2011 and decreases in production ofelectrically refined copper at other refineries inthe country.

ChinaChina has limited copper resources, hence it

imported a considerable amount of copperconcentrates, scrap, anode, and refined metal fromoverseas markets . Domest ic copper minessuppl ied less than 30% of the count ry ’srequirements for copper concentrates. Owing todomestic smelter and refinery expansions, China’scopper output increased sharply during the pastsevera l years . China ’s copper product ioncontinued to expand despite the constrainedsupply of copper concentrates on the worldmarket . In 2012, China ’s copper smel t ingand ref ining output capacit ies increased by350,000 tonnes and 930,000 tonnes.

COPPER

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Table – 15 : World Reserves of Copper(By Principal Countries)

(Quantity in ’000 tonnes of copper content)

Country Reserves

World: Total (r ounded) 690000Australia 87000Canada 10000Chile 190000China 30000Congo (Kinshasa) 20000Indonesia 28000Kazakhstan 7000Mexico 38000Peru 70000Poland 26000Russia 30000USA 39000Zambia 20000Other countries 90000

Source: Mineral Commodity Summaries, 2014.

Table – 16 : World Mine Production of Copper(By Principal Countries)

(In '000 tonnes of metal content)

Country 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 2

World: Total 16100 16200 16800Australia 871 959 914Brazil 214 224 220Canada 525 566 579Chile 5 4 1 9 5 2 6 3 5 4 3 4China 1 1 7 9 1 2 9 5 1 6 4 2Congo, Dem.P.R. 378 480 604Indonesia 862 538 398I ran 257 259 245Kazakhstan 427 417 424Mexico 270 444 500Peru 1 2 4 7 1 2 3 5 1 2 9 9Poland 426 427 427Russia 703 713 720USA 1 1 1 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 7 0Zambia 732 740 629Other countries 1480 1 5 2 0 1 5 9 5

Source: World Mineral Production, 2008-2012.

IndonesiaPT Emas Mineral Murni’s Beutong copper

project is located in Aceh Province, 180 kmsoutheast of Banda Aceh. The tenement coveredan area of 100 sq km and was held under anexploration license. Tigers Realm Minerals Pty.Ltd. held a 40% equity interest in the projectand had an agreement wi th Emas Minera lMurn i to earn up to 80% equi ty in terest ,depending on the results of exploration. Theproject was a large porphyry copper (with goldand molybdenum) deposit; a skarn-hosted copper-gold mineralization was located approximately300 m north of the porphyry system.

FOREIGN TRADEExports

The export of copper from India is in the formsof copper ore & concentrates, refined copper,copper & alloys, brass & bronzes, scrap, cementcopper, mattes and powder & flakes.

Export of copper ores and concentratesconsiderably increased to 30 tonnes in 2012-13as against 20 tonnes in 2011-12. Exports weremainly to Italy (67%) and USA (20%). Export ofrefined copper increased slightly to 263,311 tonnesin 2012-13 from 238,138 tonnes in 2011-12. Exportof copper and alloys (including brass & bronze)was at 332,329 tonnes in 2012-13 as against334,913 tonnes in 2011-12. Out of the totalexports of copper & alloys in 2012-13, which were291,463 tonnes, brass & bronze consti tuted34,938 tonnes, copper (scrap) 4992 tonnes andbrass & bronze (scrap) were 903 tonnes. Chinawas the single largest importer of refined copperfrom India with a share of 88% (Tables-17 to 24).

ImportsThe imports of copper in the country are in

the form of copper ore and concentrates, refinedcopper, copper & alloys, brass & bronzes, scrap,cement, copper, mattes, blister, worked (bars, rods& plates), etc.

Dur ing the year 2012-13, impor ts o fcopper ores and concentrates were sl ight lyhigher at 2,296,421 tonnes as compared to2,124,501 tonnes in 2011-12. Chile with a shareof 47% was the leading supplier followed byAustralia (20%), Indonesia (10%) and Brazil (6%).Imports of refined copper increased marginally in2012-13 at 23,977 tonnes as against 18,524 tonnesin 2011-12. Zambia with 49% share was the major

USAUSA’s mine production of copper in 2012

increased by 4%. Twenty-eight mines recoveredcopper, 18 of which accounted for about 99% ofproduction. Three primary smelters, 3 electrolytic and4 fire refineries, and 15 electrowinning facilitiesoperated during 2012. Old scrap, converted to refinedmetal and alloys, provided 170,000 tonnes of copper,equivalent to 10% of apparent consumption.

COPPER

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Table – 17 : Exports of Copper Ores & Conc.(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country

Q ty Value Qty Value( t ) (L ’000) ( t ) (L ’000)

Al l Count r ies 2 0 8 0 3 0 3 3 5 5

I ta ly - - 2 0 2 5 1 7

USA - - 6 721

Sierra Leone - - 1 8 4

Saudi Arabia - - 1 1 1

Sri Lanka - - 1 1 0

UAE - - 1 5

U K ++ 1 ++ 4

Netherlands ++ 1 ++ 2

Brazil - - ++ 1

Other countries 2 0 7 8 - -

Table – 18 : Exports of Refined Copper(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country

Qty Value Qty Value(t) (L’000) (t) (L’000)

All Countries 238138 100941508 263310 123869165

China 226288 95895520 232311 108773710

Malaysia - - 27203 13208646

Vietnam 110 84098 1809 827715

Egypt 820 412254 730 421638

Colombia - 19 660 311816

Mexico - - 120 128212

Japan 2100 880754 100 42206

Singapore 109 40166 95 39649

UAE 6392 2647683 79 30077

Netherlands 123 47547 53 24496

Other countries2196 933467 150 61000

Table – 19 : Exports of Copper & Alloys(Including Brass & Br onze) : Total

(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


All Countries 334913 136844498 332327 157315072

China 230683 97590132 234016 109316061

Malaysia 8689 3416232 28370 13706204

UAE 22692 9680635 10503 7095704

USA 12156 3999696 11436 5116261

Germany 6126 2284381 6813 2870668

Saudi Arabia 5548 1858376 4541 2278156

UK 4761 1414912 2939 1522660

Sri Lanka 3692 1482084 2520 1061889

Vietnam 218 116305 1849 849294

Australia 1673 633246 1624 725470

Other countries 38675 14368499 27716 12772705

Table – 20 : Exports of Copper (Scrap) (By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


All Countries 7531 2749738 4992 1791011

Germany 2376 844081 3254 1155518

Japan 376 137642 593 222111

Portugal - - 294 105197

Korea, Rep. of 485 174147 219 84126

Latvia 47 17812 216 78615

Philippines 275 99470 175 61156

Spain 242 87730 103 37593

Singapore 24 7098 76 30977

Chinese Taipei/Taiwan ++ 3 27 10742

Netherlands - - 27 2367

Other countries 3706 1381755 8 2609

supplier followed by Chile (9%), Congo (8%)and Congo Dem Rep (6%). Out of total importsin 2012-13, copper & a l loys compr ised184,656 tonnes, copper Scrap) 56,502 tonnes,copper a l loys (scrap) were not impor tedduring 2012-13, brass & bronze 19,406 tonnesand brass & bronze (scrap 147,753 tonnes.(Tables - 25 to 34).

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Table – 21 : Exports of Copper & Alloys (By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13

CountryQty Value Qty Value

(t) (L’000) (t) (L’000)

All Countries 287488 121138330 81884 137247527

China 226699 96081695 23286 108884332

Malaysia 7360 3015302 27419 13353312

UAE 18788 7864951 4240 2341841

USA 3339 1401336 3224 1808180

Saudi Arabia 3582 1256656 2820 1260938

Germany 2016 778998 2217 1001895

Sri Lanka 3143 1288313 2066 894617

Vietnam 181 108484 1828 840072

Egypt 1138 557504 988 549601

Thailand 1535 644543 1696 407534

Other countries 19707 8140548 12100 5905205

Table – 24 : Exports of Copper(Cement Copper Precipitated)

(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


All Countries 1 74 ++ 18

USA - - ++ 18

Other countries 1 74 - -

Table – 23 : Exports of Brass & Bronze(Scrap)

(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


A ll Countries 625 129989 903 222604

China 24 5246 493 135427

Malaysia 228 56914 204 50311

Hong Kong 166 17653 165 18772

Nepal 9 3206 30 13449

UAE 17 5239 8 2760

Singapore ++ 20 2 761

Nigeria - - 1 333

USA 1 186 ++ 275

UK - - ++ 193

Baharain - - ++ 169

Other countries 180 41525 ++ 154

Table – 22 : Exports of Brass & Bronze

(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13

Country

Qty Value Qty Value

(t) (L’000) (t) (L’000)

All Countries 39216 12766019 34938 18012767

UAE 3879 1787654 6254 4750606

USA 8815 2597970 8211 3307417

UK 3503 989649 2219 1120947

Saudi Arabia 1953 598951 1721 1017219

Germany 1734 661301 1342 713240

Australia 1274 478449 1341 604687

Morocco 442 330568 643 573283

Netherlands 1478 420416 1096 455520

France 568 205329 514 330078

Malaysia 1101 344014 747 302445

Other countries 14469 4351718 10850 4837325

Table – 25 : Imports of Copper Ores & Concentrates(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


A ll Countries 2124501 2645102392296421309704411

Chile 758603 878333671078486143365351

Australia 510162 67693955 449283 68564700

Indonesia 322579 44774381 228735 31654565

Brazil 157986 18608244 143814 17581660

Peru 56176 6819649 77878 8223103

Lao Pd Rp 41464 4384992 60590 7595730

Canada 61027 7950636 41393 6233274

Austria - - 30433 4513498

Switzerland - - 33381 4343852

Thailand 54523 5592697 36944 4048730

Other countries161981 20852318 115484 13579948

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Table – 26 : Imports of Refined Copper(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


All Countries 18524 7209464 23977 10696449

Zambia 2498 939049 11775 5213203

Chile 1421 606741 2072 946685

Congo P Rep 101 37009 1918 883267

Zaire Rep/Congo

Democratic Rep 201 79589 1495 643827

UAE 1025 394959 1019 432421

China 375 174131 936 416385

Belgium 151 51363 546 260383

Austria 686 301236 345 162449

Ukraine 2279 964878 350 148834

Unspecified 554 222352 561 249920

Other countries 9233 3438157 2960 1339075

Table – 27: Imports of Copper & Alloys(Including Brass & Bronze) : Total

(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


All Countries 350290 128268204 408317 159407408

UAE 48230 17391491 57039 22852102

Zambia 16866 6973915 34855 15797529

Russia 28205 12100142 32662 14487981

China 29736 11837828 31078 13124153

Germany 29754 10716039 22035 9985934

Malaysia 18066 7539550 20123 8975028

Pakistan 2105 642868 26267 8179797

Finland 1570 435608 29445 7925431

Saudi Arabia 12237 3594576 18479 6281194

UK 22727 6540358 17067 4993766

Other countries140794 50495829 119267 46804493

Table – 28 : Imports of Copper & Alloys(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


All Countries 172084 74403982 184656 86453787

Zambia 15661 6528013 34855 15797529

Russia 27721 11950938 31766 14089559

China 24413 9912129 26083 11094183

UAE 21825 9068976 24691 11034254

Malaysia 13752 6114184 14015 6731662

Germany 7512 4079943 9610 5524253

Korea, Rep. of 6018 2585603 5218 2801160

Chile 1460 624063 5071 2304369

Thailand 3737 1662718 4074 1919024

Italy 2163 1197084 2403 1452541

Other countries 47822 20680331 26870 13705253

Table – 29 : Imports of Copper (Scrap)(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


All Countries 57866 22347427 56502 23743328

UAE 14254 5440667 19469 8358350

Saudi Arabia 4300 1695615 8487 3614637

Germany 4199 1734177 2732 1162469

Kuwait 1437 465003 2628 1081715

Malaysia 1963 727460 2323 1005183

UK 3939 1543662 1742 711766

France 2648 1160049 1424 621198

USA 2768 1073463 1436 563739

Lebanon 404 166240 1182 509667

Qatar 1073 436013 898 387968

Other countries 20881 7905078 14181 5726636

Table – 30 : Imports of Copper & Alloys(Scrap)

(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


All Countries 6 2587 - -

Singapore 6 2587 - -

COPPER

5-24

Table – 31 : Imports of Brass & Bronze(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


Al l Count r ies 16271 6841230 19406 8620278 China 3 1 8 1 1223936 3 4 8 4 1496997

Germany 2419 1175447 2 3 8 4 1359957

Japan 1798 886594 2 2 4 3 1240076

Malaysia 1 3 5 2 451453 2 4 9 1 880083

Nepal 1913 665626 2 2 2 9 770231

Russia 208 92638 811 371145

Korea, Rep. of 325 175648 680 249187

Chinese Taipei/Taiwan 912 351259 676 239749

I ta ly 271 143387 427 236328

Thai land 511 118054 830 225771

Other countries 3 3 8 1 1557188 3 1 5 1 1550754

Table – 32 : Imports of Brass & Bronze (Scrap)(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


Al l Count r ies 104063 24672978 147753 40590011

Pakistan 714 170218 25545 7885721

Finland 1 4 1 7 348149 29135 7753921

U K 17036 4160379 14642 3861263

UAE 11817 2769116 12558 3344503

Saudi Arabia 7775 1826685 9 8 0 0 2574746

Germany 15624 3726473 7 3 0 9 1939255

USA 6538 1573726 5 8 6 8 1685635

Netherlands 2776 653230 4 0 2 0 1053642

Bangladesh 2 7 7 6 752831 3 4 9 7 967780

Spain 2 6 1 9 612406 2 7 9 7 738132

Other countries 34971 8079765 32582 8785413

Table – 33 : Imports of Copper (Cement Copper Precipitated)(By Countries)

2011-12 2012-13Country


Al l Count r ies 30 5 1 6 6 2 0 12245

Tanzania Rep - - 2 0 12116

USA 1 260 ++ 129

Other countries 2 9 4 9 0 6 - -

COPPER

5-25

FUTURE OUTLOOKWith the l ibera l ised po l ic ies o f the

Government, the Indian Copper Sector registereda quantum r ise in product ion. The presentinstalled capacity of refined copper has reachedat around ten lakh tonnes per year. India 'sposition has shifted from being a net importer ofcopper to a net exporter. The main demand forrefined copper is in the electrical and electronicsectors, construction sector, consumer durablesand transport sector. The potential upcomingareas which are likely to boost the internal demand

Table – 34 : Imports of Copper & Alloys(Excluding Brass & Bronze and Scrap)

(By Items)

2011-12 2012-13I t e m

Qty Value Qty Value( t ) (L ’000) ( t ) (L ’000)

All Items 172084 74403982 184656 86453791

Blister & Other Unrefined Copper 13144 5577771 21813 10004649

Copper & Alloys: worked(Bars, Rods, Plates, etc.) 39514 17958250 45974 21815304

Copper & Alloys: Worked, Nes 5982 3401112 7893 5428901

Copper & alloys: unwrought

Excl, Brass & Bronze 1851 837993 2027 961816

Copper Mattes 20 7727 ++ 221

Copper powder & flakes 700 433985 652 456353

Copper Refined: Copper Worked 91326 38506032 77288 34784045

Electroplated Anode of Nickel 993 438939 4965 2256052

Master Alloys of Copper 30 32709 67 50001

Refined Copper 18524 7209464 23977 10696449

for copper are infrastructure development andra i lways, power sector, espec ia l ly rura lelectrification and information technology sector.At the same time there are potential export marketsfor refined copper in the Middle-East and South-East Asian countries which could be furtherexplored. However, growth in the copper sectoris heavily dependent on demand in China.

As per the market survey carried out by IndianBureau of Mines, the demand of copper by2016-17 is estimated at one million tonnes basedon sectorial growth of copper consumption.

COPPER Indian Minerals Yearbook 2013 -...

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