Coping with Kidding Caprine Outing September 18, 2010 Mary C. Smith DVM.
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Transcript of Coping with Kidding Caprine Outing September 18, 2010 Mary C. Smith DVM.
Coping with Kidding
Caprine OutingSeptember 18,
2010
Mary C. Smith DVM
Topics to be covered
BreedingPregnancy diagnosisSome problems during pregnancyVaccination and nutrition programsNormal parturitionDystociaCare of the kid, including colostrumReviving weak kidsFloppy kid diseaseRecord keeping
Pregnancy diagnosis
• gestation ~150 d goat• progesterone a nonpregnancy test• real time ultrasound best• sector scanner ideal (count
fetuses)• transabdominal, esp right side, esp
45-90 days
False pregnancy of goats
• common in pets, out of season breedings, does intentionally not bred
• serum progesterone elevated• fluid but no caruncles or fetus• undulating walls, snow scene if
ballotte abdomen
False pregnancy of goats
• “cloud burst” if self corrects• sometimes bloody discharge as if
aborted• 5-10 mg dinoprost (Lutalyse®) or
125-250 mcg cloprostenol (Estrumate®)
• repeat in 12 days
Tetanus and Enterotoxemia• the simplest
vaccination program
• two or three doses, then boosters at least once a year
• booster before kidding
Abortion diagnosis and prevention
• suspect infectious cause if >2% abort• diagnostic lab support required – fetus,
placenta, paired serum samples• toxoplasmosis, chlamydiosis, Q fever• listeriosis, Cache Valley virus, stress,
iodine or selenium deficiencies
Goiter !
Normal thyroids <2 g
Abortion math
5 abortions in a flock of 50 bred does = 10% = abortion storm, almost certainly infectious
5 abortions in a flock of 500 bred does = 1% and may be normal losses – not concerned yet, but label and save fetuses and placentas
>2% is cause for concern and testing (2 abortions in a small herd)
Mummified fetuses are common with toxoplasmosis; the twin may be normal
Abortion diagnosis and prevention
• most diseases zoonotic• wear plastic sleeves• isolate aborting doe• destroy fetuses and placentas• cull if chlamydiosis, don’t cross foster• inject long-acting oxytet 3X or feed
chlortetracycline (extralabel – need vet)
Do you call this hay?Provide energy, protein, selenium, vitamin E
Pregnancy toxemia
• late pregnant goats carrying multiple kids
• twin lamb disease
inadequate feed offered
fat mobilization
fatty liver
anorexia from other disease
Pregnancy toxemia or ketosis
A full uterus crowds the rumen while kids demand more nutrients
Obese goat in late pregnancy cannot eat much forage
• fat stored in omentum takes up space
• doe becomes ketotic• even though fat,
needs higher quality forage and some grain
Diagnosis of pregnancy toxemia
• standing or lying apart• depressed, may seem blind or grind
teeth• off feed – small fecal pellets• diarrhea when fetuses die• ketones in urine (be ready to
collect !)• ketones in blood (smell breath)
uterus
uterus rumen
omentum has been removed
Normal parturition
• ligaments soften and disappear – within 12 hours of parturition
• doe waits for quiet period in barn• 30 – 30 – 30 rule• ballotte abdomen for additional kid
if suspect a problem
Kidding is close!
Udder fullVulva relaxedSlight mucusLigaments aroundbase of tail gone
Assisting parturition
• wash vulva• sterile glove• lubricant (Dawn)
The glove protectsyou and the doefrom infection
Meconiumstained = Help now!
Correction of dystocia
• elevate hindquarters or turn dam over• lamb puller• epinephrine 1 cc IM• one front leg and head• one hind leg• cut off head if dead• subcutaneous fetotomy• penicillin, flunixin IV, tetanus
prophylaxis
Caesarian section
• if does not respond rapidly to medical treatment of pregnancy toxemia
• if > 141 days gestation• pretreat with 20 mg dexamethasone
if surgery delayed or kids premature, to develop surfactant in the lungs
• local anesthesia injected in the flank or gas anesthesia
• blindfold, don’t give xylazine