Coordinator: Associated Proffesor Marginean Cristina Oana

Author: Grama Alexandra Bianca

FAVORABLE FACTORS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN

1. Introduction

2. Purpose

3. Material and Method

4. Conclusions

1.Introduction

Anemia resulting from lack of sufficient iron for synthesis of hemoglobin is the most common hematologic disease of infancy and childhood.

1.Introduction

Prevalence varies with age, gender, race, dietary intake and socioeconomic factors

30% of the global population suffer from iron deficiency anemia

According to WHO (World Health Organization) Romania is part of the group of countries with an average frequency of this type of anemia, 20 to 39.9% of preschoolers and 41.3% ( 2010 statistics) of pregnant women being diagnosed with it

1.Introduction

Prevalence of anemia in infants and young children ( birth to 5 years of age )

Global region Prevalence (%)

Africa 64,6

Asia 47,7

Europe 16,7

Latin America 39,5

North America 3.4

Oceania 28

Data adapted from Mc Learn et.al 2009

2.Purpose

• anemia during pregnancy • perinatal blood loss

•prematurity

• low birthhweight • incorrect diversification

• high cow milk intake

• cow’s milk consumption prior to 12 months of age

•chronic or acute blood loss

•chronic infection or inflammation

• flour consumption

in the present study we aimed to evaluate the favoring factors of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children.

3. Material and Method

• a prospective study

• 42 children

•Pediatrics Clinic 1 Targu Mures

• between November 2014 and March 2015

• questionnaire

3. Material and Method

Total- 42 children

Group 1 (case) 16 children with IDA (IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA)

Group 1- 16 children with IDA (IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA)

Group 2 -26 children non –IDA( with various pathologies)

Statistic method

Medcalc Software: Mann Withney test, Chi-square test, Student testMicrosoft Excell: Data base

3. Material and Method

Total-42 children

Inclusion criteria

• Hb ↓ (age dependent : infants Hb <11 g/dl, young children Hb <11 ,5)• MCV <80 μ3 • MCH <25 pg• iron ↓ (age dependent < 5,4 mmol/l)• peripheral blood smear - RBC’S –microcytic, hypochromic, poikilocytosis

•other − hypochromic, microcytic anemias

− anemias

serum iron normal ! • children with various pathologies

Exclusion criteria

3. Material and Method

RESULTS

Chi sqaure have shown that infant anemia is correlated positively with maternal anemia during pregnancy

p-0,04

P-0,01

-anemia is more common in infants who consume large amounts of cow milk

>500ml,p-0,02

-statistically we did not find significant correlation between incorrect diversification and anemia in infants p-0,943

12

4

17

0

5

10

15

20

yes no

Incorect diversification

case control

-does not influence significantlythe appearance of iron deficiency anemia in infants

p-0,32

P-0.01

4.Conclusions

Anemia during pregnancy favors the development of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children

A diet with high intake of cow milk favors the appearance of iron deficiency anemia

Cow’s milk consumption prior to 12 months of age favors the development of iron deficiency anemia

.

4.Conclusions

Incorrect diversification and flour consumption were negatively associated with iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children.

Iron fortification of food can prevent iron deficiency anemia.

1)Nelson Textbook of PEDIATRICS 19th Edition Robert M.Kliegman ,MD,Bonita F.Stanton ,MD,Nina F.Schoor MD,PhD,Joseph W.St Geme 3,Richard E.Behram,MD

2)Pediatric Hematology John Lilleyman ,Jan Hann and Victor Blanchette

3)Iron Deficiency Anemia :A Common and Curable Disease-Mille JL

4)The scourge of ‘’hidden hanger ‘’global dimensions of micronutrient deficiencies GKennedy ,G.Nantel and P.Shetty

5)Esentialul in Pediatrie editia a 2-a Prof.Dr.Eugen Pascal Ciofu .Dr Carmen Ciofu

BIBLIOGRAPHY

6)Anemia :When is it Iron Deficiency? Annett Carley .MS,RN,NNP,PNP ,Pediatr Nurs 2003

7)The impact of maternal iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia on child’s health Saudi Medical Journal Abu –Ouf NN,Jann MM

8) Iron Deficiency in Young Children in Low-Income Countries and New Approaches for Its Prevention ThE Journal OF Nutrition 2008 American Society for Nutrition