Coordination in a multi-organizational environment
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Coordination in a multi-organizational environment
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Is Coordination the solution to all problemsIn emergency response?
We all know that a coordinated
response is more effective then an
uncoordinated intervention by
competing organisations
Quote: me
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What Words Would You Use to Characterize the Emergency
Environment?
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The Emergency Environment
• Overwhelming needs• Competing priorities• Destroyed/damaged infrastructure• Rapid influx of providers• Outburst of mutual aid• Highly stressed local officials• Intense media scrutiny
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What Words Would You Use to Characterize the Emergency Response when there is no or
little coordination?
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Absence of Coordination
• Gaps and duplications
• Inappropriate assistance
• Inefficient use of resources
• Bottlenecks, impediments
• Slow reaction to changing conditions
• Frustration of providers, officials, survivors
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Mandate for Coordination2816(1971) to 46/182(1992)
• assist government of affected country• coordinate/facilitate/mobilize assistance• provide services that maximize efficiency• mobilize resources• develop competent staff• act as focal point for advocacy• ensure relief contributes to development• support and strengthen national capacity
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Effective Coordination
• is essential and important• is a result of intentional actions/a shared
responsibility• results in humane, neutral and impartial
assistance, management effectiveness, shared vision, and donor confidence
• is a voluntary effort/a secondary priority• costly and results in adaptation• not a sure thing
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An Effective Coordination Process
• participatory
• impartial
• transparent
• useful
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National levelNational level
Local Emergency Local Emergency Management LevelManagement Level
International International levellevel
Level of coordination
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OCHA’s Global Coordination Model
Disaster affected country
• National disaster relief coord.
• Embassies
• UN agencies’ reps.
• National Red Cross/Crescent
• National NGO’s
• Others (including private)
International response
• Donor governments
• Inter Governmental org.
•UN agencies
• Red Cross/Crescent family.
• International NGO’s
• Others (including private)
OCHA(IASC)
Information on needs & national response
Information onneeds/international response
Representative ofOCHA (ResReps/UNDAC)
ASSISTANCE
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• On-Site
– Local Emergency Management Authority (LEMA)
– On-Site Operations Coordination Centre (OSOCC)
– FACT (IFRC)
– NGO Coordinating Councils
– Sectoral / Cluster Coordinating Groups
– Civil-Military Operations Center (CMOC)
• Capital
– National Disaster Management Organization (NDMO)
– United Nations Disaster Management Team (UN DMT)
– Donor Councils
– Regional organisations
Principal in-country coordination fora
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But the reality ?
IFRC
ICRC
CEDERAPNSs
WFPNGOs
UNDP
MIL
OCHAGeneva
HumanitarianCoordinator
AffectedAffectedPopulationPopulationAffected
Government
CIMIC
NationalRed Cross
USAID/DART
Ambassadors
DonorGovt’s
NGOs
Nationalmilitary
HCR
UNICEF
IGOs
OSSOC
UNDAC
MEDIA
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What do we actually mean by coordination ?
• Information sharing• Common standards• Joint reporting• Operational cooperation• Joint planning• Resource sharing• inter operability
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Field coordination model in Emergencies
• Central coordination, (smaller scale emergencies)
• External Coordination centre, (Rescue phase)
• Organisational coordination (UN, IFRC, CEDERA,)
• Geographical coordination (Large scale emergencies)
• Sectoral / Cluster Coordination (Multi players)
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• Strategic Coordination
– operations/programme coordination
– Information
• Operational Coordination– logistics
– telecommunications
– security
Primary Coordination functions
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• create a platform and be a catalyst
• identify needs and target resources
• ensure access to beneficiaries
• Streamlined, unified approach w/o gaps or duplications
• promote accountability
• advocating humanitarian principles/security
• support recovery and long term development
Comprehensive Programme
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• Field/Situation Reports• Who/What/Where Matrix• Press Conferences• VIP Briefings• Pigeon Holes• Media Management• Mapping & Map Dissemination
Information Coordination tools
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• Strategic Coordination
– operations/programme coordination
– Information
• Operational Coordination– logistics
– telecommunications
– security
Primary coordination functions
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• Operations Space (OSOCC, UN House)• IT/Telecoms cafe• Critical/essential Staffing Analysis• IHP Support modules• Common Services (JLC, HIC, UNHAS, e.g.)• Safety and Security (DSS)• Relief Goods Tracking• Airport Reception Center
Operational Coordination tools
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Core Coordination Activities
• assess• plan• mobilize• direct• monitor• report• liaise