Cooperative Planning: Building a Sustainable Nuclear Industry
description
Transcript of Cooperative Planning: Building a Sustainable Nuclear Industry
Cooperative Planning:Building a Sustainable Nuclear Industry
Megan SharrowUniversity of Wisconsin – Madison
WISE 2006
An OverviewWhy is nuclear power
important?Identifying the steps to
sustainability.How to turn barriers to
building blocks.Summary of
recommendationsQ&A
Why is nuclear power important? It’s 20%.
From: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-906, “Power Plant Report.”
Electric power generation by source during 2004
Clean1700 million tons of carbon dioxide1.1 million tons of nitrogen oxide 3.3 million tons of sulfur dioxide
Safe20 deaths due to commercial reactor accidents in
the U.S.50 total deaths due to international and defense
reactor accidents500+deaths in coals mines for 2005 alone500+deaths in single oil accident in Nigeria, 19983,500 deaths from 2 dam failures in India, 1979-80
Why is nuclear power important? It’s clean & safe.
2. http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf06app.htm1. http://www.nei.org/index.asp?catnum=2&catid=346
Why is nuclear power important? It’s reliable.
Source Capacity FactorNuclear 89.6
Coal 72.6Hydro 29.3Wind 26.8Solar 18.8
Average Capacity Factors bySource for 2005
Source: http://www.nei.org/documents/U.S._Capacity_Factors_by_Fuel_Type.pdf
1. New plants Maintain 20%, possibly more
2. Interim waste storage Consolidation and Preparation
(CAP) Facilities3. Research and development
Global Nuclear Energy Partnership4. Permanent disposal
Yucca Mountain
Steps to Sustainability
1. New plants: Nuclear Power 2010 and 2005 Energy Policy Act
Barriers to Building Blocks
Loan guaranteesTax creditsExtended risk insurance
1. www.cleansafeenergy.org
Create domestic jobs1Construction: 1,300-2000 per plantOperation: 300-500 per plant
Indefinite processLicensing
No domesticInternational slow
High capital costInfrastructure
Financing
Combined stepsModerated stalling
2. Interim storage: On-site to off-site
Barriers to Building Blocks
Legitimate concern or unfounded fear?
Transportation
CO$T:
Tax payer vs. Rate payer
MythBusters!
Photos from: http://www.nei.org/doc.asp?docid=632
Superficial damage
120-ton locomotive traveling at 80 miles an hour
vs.Transport container on a flatbed trailer
3. Research and development: Collaboration and exploration
Barriers to Building Blocks
Collaboration
Leadership=
TimeMoneyEffort
+Secure energy
Global energy Reduce waste
4. Permanent disposal: The Nuclear Waste Management and Disposal Act
Barriers to Building Blocks
IndefiniteInsufficient
Non-existent
LicensingFinancing
Infrastructure
2 years + 6 monthsNuclear Waste FundRailroads and offices
4. Permanent disposal Yucca Mountain should be
expedited through modifying the existing legislation.
1. New plants Nuclear Power 2010 and 2005 Energy
Policy Act should continue as scheduled.
2. Off-site interim storage CAP facilities should be placed near
research sites and Yucca.3. Research and
development GNEP should be coordinated amongst
domestic and international communities.
Summary of Recommendations
Questions?
1. New Plants
Obstacles to AchievementUntested licensing process
Updated in 1992Significant financial risk
Highest capital cost Lack of infrastructure
No domestic plants constructed for 20 yearsInternational waiting list
2. Off-Site Interim Storage
Obstacles to AchievementUnfounded transportation concerns
1. EPRI Technical Report, “Spent Nuclear Fuel Transportation,” 2004.
8 accidents involving casks in U.S.1
4 of these involved casks carrying wasteWorst accident: truck rollover in 1971Results: no releases of radiation
3. Research and Development
Obstacles to Achievement
Partnerships To share costsAid in deployment
Undeveloped mission plan for Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP)Wants:
Needs:
Secure, global energy production Limit spread of advanced technologies
Small-scale reactors to small nationsReprocessing, enriching in weapon-states
4. Permanent DisposalObstacles to Achievement Unrealistic standards
1,000,000 year design analysis Insufficient incentives for completion
Financing and managingAlternatives temporarily postponed1
Public oppositionMassive transportation of wasteNot In My Back Yard (NIMBY)Anti-nuclear desire to stop industry
1. Department of Energy Report, “Alternative Means of Financing and Managing the Civilian radioactive Waste Management Program,” August 2001.
1. Building New Infrastructure
Barriers to Building BlocksLicensing process already begun
Fewer opportunities for stallingSignificant financial securities
Loan guarantees, tax creditsExtended risk insurance
Domestic infrastructure Create jobs1
Construction: 1,300-2000 per plantOperation: 300-500 per plant
Re-establish manufacturingBXW Technologies Inc.21. www.cleansafeenergy.org 2. Nucleonics, May 25 2006.
2. Transporting WasteBarriers to Building BlocksOpportunity to dispel transportation concerns
Build public faith for transport to Yucca Mountain
Strategic location of CAP facilitiesDeliver candidate fuel to research facilitiesExpedite eventual disposal
3. Developing a Mission Plan for GNEP
Barriers to Building Blocks Encourage international collaboration
Establish partnershipsFortify sense of global investment
Support innovation at national labs and universities
Enable scientific pursuits a la Space RaceEnsure U.S. remains among global leaders of nuclear industry
4. Expediting Yucca Mountain
Barriers to Building Blocks Nuclear Fuel Management and Disposal Act
Numerous provisionsSets limit on review of “receive and possess” licenseRepeals statutory limit on repositoryAllows commencement of infrastructure constructionSuggests alternative means of financing
Steps in right directionNeeds closer inspection
1. Department of Energy Report, “Alternative Means of Financing and Managing the Civilian radioactive Waste Management Program,” August 2001.