0

.

rC compression ratio ---

Vc Clearance Volume cc

Vd Displaced or swept

volume

cc

N Engine speed RPM

B Bore cm

L Stroke cm

T Brake Torque N-m

Pb Brake Power kW

bmep Brake mean effective

pressure

kPa

sfc Specific fuel

consumption

g/kW-hr

th Thermal Efficiency ---

A/F Air fuel ratio kg-Air/ kg-fuel

v Voumatric efficiency ---

2

compression ratio c

cdc

V

VVr

lumeMinimum Vo

lumeMaximum Vo

Brake Power PNT

b

2

60

Brake Mean Effective Pressure bmepPn

V N

R

d

nR 2

1

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption bsfcm

P

f

b

m f

Brake Thermal Efficiency thb

f HV

P

m Q

1

bsfcQHV

QHV heating value

Air fuel ratio f

a

m

mFA /

ma

Volumetric Efficiency ( )

v

a

a i d

m

V N

2

,

a i,

(full load testing)

load (

)

laod load load

3

load (

5 10 %) bmep sfc thermal efficiency

Willans line Method

Willans line Metod

friction power loss Willans line Method

Willans line Method plot brake power (

bmep brake power )

1

1 sfc

1 75%

1

pumping work

friction power loss Pf

Pmax indicated power, Pi Pmax+ Pf

Brake Power Indicated Power

mb

i f

P

P

P

P P

max

max

4

load

Type Ford XLD 418

Engine No D 1870/1 TL

Bore 82.5 mm

Stroke 82.0 mm

Number of Cylinder 4

Swept Volume 1753 cc

Compression Ratio 21.5 to 1

Maximum Power 37 kW at 3600 RPM

Maximum Speed 5000 RPM

load load

Dynamometer

Make Go-Power Systems

Capacity 450 kW

Type D 316

Maximum Speed 10000 RPM

Load Water

Load Cell

Make Revere Transducers Inc.

Type 363-D3-500-20P3

Range 0 - 500 lbs

Output 3.0 mV/V

Air Flow Meter

Drum Size 42 in long x 27 in diameter

Orifice Size 64.95 mm

Coefficient of Discharge 0.6

Fuel Gage 100, 200 and 400 ml

Oil Pressure Gauge UCC 0-10 bar

Oil Temperature Gage Zeal 20-150 C

5

3

“

”

1.

2. load

3. ( 18 - 20

)

4. load

5.

6. start

7. start 10

start

8.

4

1

2 , torque

3

4

1. 5

2. load (

) 5%

( test sheet)

3.

4.

load

3

6

5. load load data points 6

load load data points

10

6.

7.

1. fuel consumption, sfc, thermal efficient bmep

2. bmep, sfc A/F

3. fuel consumption brake power mechanical efficiency

Willans line method

Heywood, J.B., “Internal Combustion Engines Fundametals,” McGraw-Hill, 1988.

Obert, E.F., “Internal Combustion Engines,” 3rd

ed., International Text Company, 1968.

Ferguson, C.R., “Internal Combustion Engines: Applied Thermosciences,” Wiley,1986.

Ganesan, V., “Internal Combustion Engines,” McGraw-Hill, 1994.

PLINT & PARTNERS Ltd. : MANUAL#TE20/A: Instructional Test & Experiments On Internal Combustion Engines.

7

TE

ST

SH

EE

T

Die

sel

En

gin

e: C

on

stan

t S

pee

d T

est

En

gin

eer

: ID

No. :

Gro

up

:

Date

:

En

gin

e: F

OR

D X

LD

418;

4

Cyl.

Bore

: 8

2.5

mm

Str

ok

e :

82

mm

Air

Tem

p

C

Air

Pre

ssu

re

mm

Hg

Fu

el :

TA

CH

O

Bra

ke

Load

Po

we

r

bm

epF

UE

LE

xh

.Tm

ep

Air

En

gin

e C

oll

ing

Wa

ter

Oil

Tem

p

Oil

P.

Dyn

o.

P

(RPM

) (N

-m)

(kW

) (k

N/m

2 ) ti

me

(sec

/cc)

tim

e

(lite

r/hr

)

sfc

(l/k

W.h

r)

(C

) (c

m H

2O)

In

(C

)

ou

t

(C

)

Ra

te

(l/m

in)

(C

) (B

ar)

(Bar

)

8

Tem

pT

orq

u

eR

PM

Air

Flo

w M

eter

an

d A

ir

Box