CONTRIBUTORS

D.S.P. ABDALLA - Dept. of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Univ. of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

A. ALILA - Inst. of Physiology, Univ. of Helsinki, Siltavuorenpenger 20J, 00170 Helsinki, Finland

M. ALVAREZ-URIA - Dept. de Morfologia Microscopica, Fac. de Biologia y Medicina, Univ. de Oviedo, Julian Claveria, 33006 Oviedo, Spain

A. ANGELI Patologia Medica, Ospedale S. Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano (To)

Y. ANIS - Dept. of Biochemistry, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel

J. ARENDT - Dept. of Clinical Biochemistry, Univ. of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU 25XH, United Kingdom

C. ARCHILI - Di visione di Radioterapia, Nuovo Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Italy

B. ATANASOV Inst. of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Lenin Ave., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

S. BARNI - Divisione di Radioterapia, Nuovo Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Italy

M. BIANCHI - Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

G. BIELLA - Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

D. BLASK - Dept. of Anatomy, Health Science Center, Uni v. of Arizona 85724, USA

C.J. BOIKOWSKI - Dept. of Biochemistry, Univ. of Surrey, Guildford, England

313

G. BARRETTA - Dip. Endocrinologia, Ospedale S. Croce, Cuneo, Italy

F. BRIVIO - 2~ Di visione di Chirurgia, Nuovo Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Italy

T. BUN IVA - Dip. di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Univ. degli Studi, Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Ospedale S. Luigi, 10043 Orbassano (To), Italy

D.M. BURNS - Dept. of Anatomy, Univ. of Arizona, College of Medicina, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA

D.B. BYLUND Center for Neuro-and Behavioral Biology, Mahido1 University, Salaya, Thailand

A. CAMPA - Dept. of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Univ. of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

G. CANTI - Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e Tossico1ogia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Via Vanvite11i 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

D.P. CARDINALI - Univ. de Buenos Aires, Fascultad de Medicina, Dept. de Fisio1ogia, Paraguay 2155 7° Piso cc 243, 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina

P. CASSONI - Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Osp. Mauriziano Umberto 1°, Torino, Italy

G. CATTANEO - Divisione di Radioterapia, Nuovo Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Italy

T.H. CHAMPNEY - Dept. of Anatomy, Texas A & M. Univ., College Station, Texas 77843-1114, USA

H.E. CHULUYAN - Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicine., Universidad de Buenos Aires, CC243 , 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina

I. CICILIATO - Dipartimento di Farmaco1ogia Chemioterapia e Tossicolo­gia Medica, Faco1ta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Via Vanvite1li 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

J. CIPOLLA-NETO - Dept. de Fisiologia, Inst. Sciencias Biomedicas, Univ. San Paulo, Av. Linen Prestes 1524, 05508 San Paulo, Brazil

A. CONTI - Lab. for Experimental Patology, 1st. Cantonale di Patologia, 6604 Locarno, Switzerland

S. COS - Dept. of Anatomy, Univ. of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA

314

B. COZZI 1st. Anatomia Animali Domestici con Istologia ed Embriologia, Univ. degli Studi, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy

V. CSERNUS - Dept. of Anatomy, Univ. Medical School, Szigeti Str. 12,

H-7643 Pees, Hungary

G. DEMARTINI Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e

Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli

Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

C. DIAZ - Departamento de Morfologia y Biologia Celular, Facul tad de

Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julian Claveria SiN, 33006 Oviedo, Spain

M. EBADI - Dept. of Pharmacology and Neurology, Uni v. of Nebraska,

College of Medicine, 600 South 42nd Street, Omaha NE 68198, USA

D. ESPOSTI - Istituto di Fisiologia Umana II~, Universita degli Studi,

Via Mangiagalli 32, 20133 Milano

F. FRASCHINI Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e

Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli

Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

M. GAVISH - Dept. of Biochemistry, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel

P. GOVITRAPONG - Dept. of Pharmacology, Lab. of Neurobiology, Univ. of

Nebraska, College of Medicine, 600 South 42nd Street, Omaha NE 68198,

USA

D. S. GROSSO - Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uni v. of Arizona,

College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizon 85724, USA

D. GUIDETTI - Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Osp. Mauriziano Umberto 1°, Torino, Italy

D. GUPTA - Uni v. of Tubingen, Dept. of Diagnostic Endocrinology, RumelinstraBe 23, D-7400 Tubingen, Germany

G. HELDMAIER - Dept. of Biology, Phillipps University, Lahnberge,

D-3550 Marburg, Germany

S.M. HILL - Dept. of Anatomy, Univ. of Arizona, College of Medicine,

Tucson, Arizon 85724, USA

G.X. HONG - Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Univ. Hong Kong,

Sassoon Road 5, Hong Kong

E.N. ISAEVA Inst. of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical SCiences, Leningrad, USSR

315

V. LUCINI - Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano

L. KANCHEV Bulgarian Acad. of Sciences, Inst. of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction and Development of Organisms, Lenin Ave. 73, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

M. KARASEK - Medical Academy, Lab. of Electron Microscopy, Sterlinga 5, 91-425 Lodz, Poland

E.A. KORNEVA - Inst. of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Leningrad, USSR

L. LAAKSO Inst. of Physiology Siltavonrenpenger 20J, 00170 Helsinki, Finland

P. P. LEE - Dept. of Physiology, Li Shu Fan Building, Uni v. of Hong Kong, 5 Sasson Road, Hong Kong

A. LEMUS-WILSON - Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Univ. of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizon 85724, USA

A. LEONE - Dept. of Physical Sciences, Wellcome Research Labor., Langly Court, Beckenham, Kent BR 33BS, U.K.

V. LESNIKOV - Inst. Experimental Medicine, Academy Medical Science of USSR, Pavlov Street 12, 197022 Leningrad, USSR

P. LISSONI - Divisione di Radioterapia, Nuovo Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Italy

L. LOCATELLI Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

J.M. LOPEZ - Departamento de Morfologia y Biologia Cellular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julian Claveria SIN, 33006 Oviedo, Spain

G.J.M. MAESTRONI Dip. delle Opere Sociali, 1st. Cantonale di Patologia, CH-6604 Locarno, Switzerland

R. P. MARKUS - Dept. of Pharmacology, Inst. of Biomedical Sciences, Univ. of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

M. MASSOBRIO Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale Mauriziano Umberto 1°, Torino, Italy

M. MASSON-PEVET - URA-CNRS 1332, Neurobiologia des Fonctions Rythmiques et Saisonnieres, Univ. L. Pasteur, Strasbourg, France

316

D.N. Me MURRAY Dept. of Anatomy and Medical Microbiology and A & M University, College Immunology, College of Medicine,

Station, TX 77843-1114, USA Texas

A. MENENDEZ-PELAEZ - Dept. de Morfologia y Biologia Cellular, Fac. de Biologia y Medicina, Univ. de Oviedo, Julian Claveria SiN, 30071 Oviedo, Spain

B. MESS - Dept. of Anatomy, Univ. of Pees Medical School, Szigeti Str. 12, 7643 Pees, Hungary

J . D. MIKKELSEN - Inst. of Medical Anatomy, Dept. B, Uni versi ty of

Copenhagen, Denmark

M. MOLLER Inst. of Medical Anatomy, Dept. B, The Panum Inst.

Blegdamsvej 3, DK-Copenhagen

L.C. MURRIN - Dept. of Pharmacology and Neurology, Univ. of Nebraska,

College of Medicine, 600 South 42nd Street, Omaha NE 68198, USA

G. OSELLA - Dip. di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Univ. degli Studi, Medicina Interna, Osp. San Luigi, 10043 Orbassano (To), Italy

P. PACCOTTI - Dip. di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Univ. degli Studi, Medicina Interna, Osp. San Luigi, 10043 Orbassano (To), Italy

A.E. PANERAI Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli

Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

S.F. PANG Dept. of Physiology, Uni v. of Hong Kong, Li Shu Fan Building, Sasson Road, Hong Kong

F. PELIZZONI - Divisione di Radioterapia - Nuovo Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Italy

S. PERSENGIEW - Bulgarian Acad. of Sciences, Inst. of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction and Development of Organisms, lenin Ave. 73, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

P. PEVET - Univ. Louis Pasteur, Lab. de Zoologie et Embriologia Experimentelle, 12 Rue de L'Universite, 67000 Strasbourg, France

P. PHANSUWAN-PUJITO Dept. of Anatomy, Facul ty of Medicine,

Srinakarinvirate University, Bangkok, Thailand

A. PIOVESAN - Dip. Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Universita degli

Studi, Medicina Interna, Ospedale S. Luigi, 10043 Orbassano (To), Italy

T. PORKKA-HEISKANEN Inst. of Physiology, Univ. of Helsinki, Siltavuorenperger 20J, 00170 helsinki, Finland

317

J.P. RAVAULT - Inst. Natl. Recherche Agronom, Nouzilly, France

R.J. REITER - Dept. of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Univ. of

Texas, Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas

78284, USA

Z. REKASI - Dept. of Anatomy, Uni v. of Pees Medical School, Szigeti

Str. 12, 7643 Pees, Hungary

S.M. REPPERT - Lab. of Developmental Chronobiology, Children's Service,

Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachussetts 02114, USA

R. RESCALDANI Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Nuovo Ospedale S.

Gerardo, Monza, Italy

A. REVELLI - Di visione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Osp. Mauriziano

Umberto 1°, Torino, Italy

M. RIGHI - Center of Cytopharmacology, CNR, 20100 Milano, Italy

S.A. RIVKEES Lab. of Developmental Chronobiology, Massachusetts

General Hosp. and Haward Medical School, Boston, MA 02114,·· USA

C. RODRIGUEZ - Dep. de Morfologia y Biologia Celular, Univ. de Oviedo,

33006 Oviedo, Spain

R. E. ROSENSTEIN - Departamento de Fisiologia, Facul tad de Medicina,

Universidad de Buenos Aires, CC 243, 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina

F. ROVELLI - Di visione di Radioterapia, Nuovo Ospedale S. Gerardo,

Monza, Italy

F. RUBBOLI - Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e Tossicologia

Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Via

Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

T. RUF - Dept. of Biology, Phillipps Univ., Lahnberge, D-3550 Marburg,

Germany

P. SACERDOTE Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e

Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli

Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano

F. SCAGLIONE Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e

Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli

Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano

V. SIMMONEAUX - Dept. of Pharmacology, University of Nebraska, College

of Medicine, 600 South 42nd Street, Omaha NE 68198, USA

D. SKENE - Univ. Louis Pasteur, CNRSURA 1332, Lab. de Zoologie, Rue de

l'Universite 12, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

318

B. STANKOV - Dipartimento di Farmacologia Chemioterapia e Tossicologia Medica, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita degli Studi, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

S. STEINLECHNER Fachbereich Biologie-Zoologie, Phillips Univ. Lahnberge, Karl Von Frisch StraBe, D-3550 Marburg, Germany

D. STENBERG - Inst. of Physiology, Univ. of Helsinki, Siltavuorenpengen

20J, 00170 Helsinki, Finland

A. STIEGLITZ - Dept. of Biology, Phillips Univ., Lahnberge, D-3550 Marburg, Germany

M. TERZOLO - Patologia Medica, Osp. S. Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano (To), Italy

J. TOLIVIA - Departamento de Morfologia y Biologia Cellular, Facultad

de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julian Claveria SiN, 33006 Oviedo, Spain

M. TORTA - Dip. di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Universita degli

Studi, Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Osp. S. Luigi Gonzaga .. 10043 Orbassano (To), Italy

A. USHEVA - Inst. of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Lenin Ave., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

M.I. VACAS Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicine,

Universidad de Buenos Aires, CC 243, 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina

M.K. VAUGHAN - Dept. of Cellular and Structural Biology, Univ. of

Texas, Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284, USA

B. VIVIEN-ROELS - URA-CNRS 1332, Neurobiologie de Fonctions Rythmiques

et Saisonnieres, Univ. L. Pasteur, Strasbourg, France

X.L. WANG - Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Univ. of Hong Kong, Sassoon Rd 5, Hong Kong

D.R. WEAVER Lab. of Developmental Chronobiology, Massachussetts General Hosp. and Harward Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA

J. WILKINSON - Dept. of Molecular Science, Wellcome Res. Laboratories, Langly Park, Beckenham, Kent, U.K.

B. WITHYACHUMNARUKUL - Dept. of Cellular and Structural Biology, Univ.

of Texas, Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, S. Antonio, Texas 78284, USA

M.Y.C. YAN - Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Univ. of Hong Kong, Sassoon Rd. 5, Hong Kong

319

H. YUAN - Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Univ. of Hong Kong,

Sassoon Rd. 5, Hong Kong

Z.H. YU - Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Univ. of Hong Kong,

Sassoon Rd. 5, Hong Kong

N. ZISAPEL - Dept. of Biochemistry, The George S. Wise, Faculty of Life

Sciences, Tel Aviv Univ., Tel Aviv 69978, Israel

320

INDEX

Acetylcholine, 40-44, 72-77 N-Acetylserotonine binding

in breast cancer, 235

N-Acetyltransferase, 8, 29, 38, 39, 54-66, 79-84, 148, 151, 283

activity, 149, 160 assay, 160 diurnal variations, 129 gastrointestinal tract,

127-128, 132-133 harderian gland, 187-

188 Acromegaly

growth hormone rhythm, 293-298

melatonin rhythm, 293-298

ACTH, 254 analogue, 263-271 like peptides, 257-261 and melatonin, 296

Adenomectomy, 294, 296 Adenosin triphosphate, 139 Adrenal, 137-143

adenoma, 294 carcinoma, 294 function, 137 hyperplasia, 298 melatonin binding sites

in, 137-143 melatonin effects on cAMP

and NADH, 173-179 Adrenergic receptors, 35-

66, 140 agonists, 40-46 antagonists, 40-46, 166-

170 Age

and pineal volume, 2 and pineal weight, 2 and 6-sulphatoxymela-

tonin, 303-304 Aldosterone, 263-271

Alsactide, 263-271 Alzheimer's disease, 285 Amphetamine, 5 AMT6s see 6-sulphatoxy­

melatonin Analgesia and melatonin

rhythm, 166 Analgesic response and

pinealectomy, 165 Anatomy, comparative,

pineal gland, 1 Antibody

production, 143, 204, 205, 211

response, 202, 203 Antigen T-dependent, 202,

203 Aprotinine, 212 Arginin-vasotocin,

production, 4 Astrocyte, 3, 4 Atropine, 40-46 Autocrine growth factors,

238 Autoimmune disorders, 137

Benzodiazepines, 198 receptors, 47-56

Beta adrenergic blockers, 220

Beta adrenergic receptors, 8, 137

Beta-endorphin, 167, 205, 211-217

N-acetylated, 213 hypothalamic level, 169 immunohistochemical de-

tection, 15-22 intracellular content,

170 in lymphocytes, 169, 170 non acetylated, 213 plasma and serum levels,

169, 170 related peptides, 211

321

secretion, 166 synthesis, 170, 171

Bicuculline, 53-56 Bladder carcinoma, 247 Blood brain barrier, 277 Bone marrow, 226 Boutons en passage, 28 Bovine, pineal gland, 15-22 Breast cancer, 233-240,

267-274 estrogen receptor posi­

tive, 233, 240 and 6-sulphatoxymelatonin,

301-304 Bromocriptine, 30, 40, 212 Bromodeoxyuridine, 245-251 Bursa of Fabricius, 254

C1 antigen, immunohistoche­mical detection, 6

cAMP, effects of melatonin, 173

Capsul, pial opioidergic nerve fibers,

18, 21 peptidergic nerve fibers,

28 Carbachol, 40-46 Cat, pineal gland, 4, 8 Catecholamin receptor site,

140 Catecholaminergic pathway,

48 CCK see cholecystokinin Central rhythm generating

system, 282 CFUs see spleen colony

forming units Chemotaxis, 211 Chemotherapy, 248, 258 Chincilla, non-epiphyseal

pigmented cells, 3 Chlorimipramine, 212 6-Chloromelatonin, 119, 140 Cholecystokinin, 211-217 Cholinergic pathways, 48 Chromatographic analysis,

for detection of pro-enkephalin de­rivates, 15

Chronobiology and melato­nin, 281-292

Circadian rhythms and beta-receptors, 8 and cortisol, 295 and growth hormone, 296 and melatonin, 295-297 and pineal volume, 2 and pineal weight, 2 and pinealocyte organel­

les, 2, 6

322

Circulating blood, volume and pineal volume, 2 and pineal weight, 2

Citosine triphosphate, 139 Climatic changes, 159 Clomiphene citrate, 4 Coclear organ, synaptic

ribbons in, 7 Colorectal carcinoma, 247,

274 Concanavalin A, 221 Corticosteroids, 273 Corticosterone, 143 Cortisol

circadian rhythm, 264, 293-298

and melatonin secretion, 293-298

CPON see C-flanking peptide of NPY

CTP see citosine tripho­sphate·

Cushing syndrome and ACTH, 294, 296 and cortisol, 293-298 and melatonin, 293-298

Cyclic nucleotide levels and melatonin, 173-179

Cyclophosphamide, 273 Cytokine network, 206 Cytotoxic T-cell, 204

DDL1 cells, 241, 242 Denervation, pharmacologi-

cal, 167, 168 Dexetimide, 40-46 Dimethylbenzanthracene,

234-244, 286 Discharge

electrical, 194 tonical, 194

DMBA see dimethylbenzan-thracene

Domperidone, 39, 40 Dopamine, 67-77, 140, 193 Dopaminergic antagonists,

214 Dopaminergic drugs, 214 Dopaminergic receptors,

36-39, 67, 140 agonists, 36-40 antagonists, 36-40

Dynorphin, 205

E2 see estradiol EGF see epidermal growth

factors Ehrich's tumor, 246

Electromagnetic radiation, effect on indole­amine metabolism, 60-66

Electron density fixation

by immersion, 4 by vascular perfusion,

4 pinealocyte, functional

state, 3 Electron microscopy, pineal

gland, mammalian, 2 Electrophysiology, pinealo­

cyte, activity, 4 Endogenous opioids, 165-

167, 205 Endorphins, 254

melatonin production, 15 Enkephalins, 254

melatonin production, 15 Environmental signals, 148,

159, 163 EOS see endogenous opioid

system Epidermal growth factors,

238, 239 Epiphyseal cell see pinea-

locytes ER see estrogen receptors Erythroid colonies, 228 Estradiol, 235, 244 Estrogen receptors, 233-240

down regulation, 237, 238 Estrogen sulfotransferase,

238 Estromedins, 238

Fibrosarcoma, 244, 254 c-Flanking peptide of NPY,

28, 29 Follicle-stimulating hor­

mone, 254, 263-271 Food restriction, 162 FSB see follicle stimula­

ting hormone

GABA, 69-77, 192-195 receptor complex, 35, 47-

56, 192-195, 198 GABAergic antagonists, 214 GABAergic drugs, 214 GABAergic effect on 5-HT

release, 51-56 GABAergic fibers, 69-77 GABAergic synapses and

sleep, 192, 198 GABAergic tone, 194, 198 Ganglia

parasimpatetic, 21

superior cervical, 4, 8, 15, 21, 27, 28, 40

Ganglionectomy, 28 Gerbil, pineal gland, 4, 28 GFA see glial fibrillar

acid protein GH see growth hormone Glial fibrillar acid

protein, immunohi­stochemical detec­tion, 6

6-Glucuronide melatonin, 241

Glutamate, 193 GnRH see gonadotropin rele­

asing hormone Gonadal steroids, effect on

melatonin binding sites, 105

Gonadotropin, 263-271 Gonadotropin releasing hor­

mone, 263-271 Growth factors, 238-240,

277 Growth hormone and melato­

nin rhythm in acro­megaly, 293-298

GTP see guanosin tripho­sphate

Guanin nucleotides, 91 Guanosin triphosphate, 91,

139 Guinea pig, pineal gland,

3, 4, 15, 18, 28

Habenular commissure, 40 opioidergic nerve fiber,

18,21 Haematopoiesis, 220, 230 Haloperidol, 38, 39, 212,

213 Hamster, pineal gland, 2,

4, 6, 10, 28 Harderian gland, 202

endocrine function, 185-186

interaction with pineal, 185-190

pituitary hormones, 187-188

Hedgehog, pinealocyte, electron density, 3

Hepatocarcinoma, 244 5-BlAA see 5-Hydroxyindole­

acetic acid HIOMT see Hydroxyindole-O­

methyl transferase Hippocampus, 97-106 Hormonal cycle, 197

signal, 138, 165 stimulation, 138

323

5-HT see serotonin Human chorionic gonadotro­

pin, 264 Human pineal gland, opio­

dergic nerve fi­bers, 15, 18

5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 79-84

Hydroxyindole-O-methyl­transferase, 79-84, 148, 151

in gastrointestinal tract, 132

6-Hydroxymelatonin, 242 5-Hydroxytryptamine see

serotonin 5-Hydroxytryptophan, 212 5-Hydroxytryptophol, 35, 46 Hypercortisolism, 298 Hyperpolarization, 194-198 Hyperpolarizing effect, 198 Hyperprolactinemia, 268 Hypothalamus, 97, 106, 143,

145 lesions

anterior area, 225-231 posterior area, 225-231

medial basal, 169 paraventricular nuclei,

21, 27, 85-95 SCN receptors in, 87, 119 tuberal nuclei, 21

IFN see interferon IL-2 see interleukin 2 Immune cells, 211 Immune system, 143, 163,

201, 207 circadian control, 219,

283 circannual control, 219,

286 neuroendocrine regula­

tion, 225-231 photoperiodic regulation,

219-223, 285 Immunocompetent cells, 205 Immunodepression, 203 Immunoglobulin M, 257 Immunohistochemistry

beta-endorphin, 15, 212 C1 antigen, 6 cholecystokinin, 212 cholineacetyltransferase,

40 cholinesterase, 40 free floating sections

method, 16 glial fibrillary acid

protein, 6

324

leu-enkephalin, 15 met-enkephalin, 15 S-100, 6 serotonin, 4 substance P, 22 vasoactive intestinal

peptide, 21,22 vimentin, 6

Immunologic defense, 230 Immunology

endogenous opioid system, 15

and melatonin, 15 naltrexone, 15

Indoleamine, 140, 147, 153 metabolism, modulation by

interferone, 79-84 neuroimmunological regu­

lation of, 57-66 pharmacological regula­

tion of, 35-46 rhythm, 148

Innervation, pineal gland cathecolaminergic, 27 neuronal pathways, 15, 27 noradrenergic, 168 opioidergic, 21 parasympathetic, 67 peptidergic, 27, 28, 154,

170 serotoninergic, 27

Interferon, 79-84, 211, 219 action on ACTH, 79

cortisol, 79 GH, 79 insulin, 79 sex hormones, 79 thyroxin, 79

production, 257 Interleukin-2, 84, 273-279

and melatonin secretion, 276-279

production, 203 receptors in human, 206 toxicity, 206

Interstitial cells, 4 and astrocytes, 5, 6 ultrastructure, 5

Intrinsic cells see pinea­locytes

Iodomelatonin, 107-116, 117-125, 127-136, 140, 195, 197, 198

Iontophorhesis, 193, 194 Isoproterenol, 8, 79-84,

140

Jet-lag, 281-292

Kirkman Robbins hepatoma, 245

Kynuramine, 241, 242

Lactotrophs, 266 Lamina intercalaris see

pineal gland, deep Lateral geniculate nucleus,

21 intergeniculate leaflet

of, 21 Leu-enkephalin, 205

immunohistochemical detection, 15-22

Leukemia, 246, 247, 254, 258

Levetimide, 40-46 LH see luteinizing hormone LHRH see luteinizing hormo-

ne relasing hormone Liver superoxyde dismutase

activity and pineal 181-183

Locus ceruleus, 225 Lung cancer, 274 Luteinizing hormone, 169,

263-271 Lymphatic organs, 204 Lymphocytes, 4, 211

T-helper, 79, 80, 205-207 human, 134, 170 subsets, 274-279

Lymphokines, 79 activated killer, 206

Lymphomas, 274

Macroglial cells, 6 Magnetic field, 148

effect on indoleamine metabolism, 60-66

Mammary carcinoma, 244 oncogenesis, 244

MCA see methylcolantrene MCF-7 cells, 122, 235-237,

241-242 Median eminence, 119-125 Medulla pons, 97-106 Melanoma, 244, 273

B16, 117 Melatonin

action on adrenal gland, 173 blastogenesis, 219 cAMP, 173-179 cells cycle kinetics,

237 chronobiology, 281-292 circadian rhythm, 89,

281-292 circadian rhythm in

neoplasm, 247, 259, 264, 271, 273-279

cyclic nucleotide levels, 173-179

endogenous opioids, 169-171

estradiol, 237 estrogen metabolism,

237 estrogen receptors, 237 estromedins, 238 gamma-interferon syn-

thesis, 219 gastrointesinal tissue,

131 growth factors, 238,

239 immune response, 137,

143, 204,219-223, 253-261, 273-279, 281-292

NADH-oxidoreductase activity, 173-179

neoplastic growth, 243-251, 253-261

NK activity, 219, 256 prolactin, 263-271 reproductive function,

89, 90, 285 sexual maturation, 99,

100 analgesic action, 166 antiestrogenic action,

238,239 antigonadotrophic ef­

fects, 97 antipromotional agent,

234 and behaviour, 163 binding sites, 107-116,

117-125, 137-139, 142, 143, 198

autoradiographic loca-lization, 85-95

avian brain, 110, 112 brain, 109, 118-119 cell lines, 122-124 central nervous system,

107-116, 117 characterization, 86-

94, 107-116, 117-128, 142, 143

comparative distribu­tion, 117-125

diurnal rhythm, 104, 110, 131

down regulation, 104-106

immune system, 107-117 intestine, 127, 132-133

325

Melatonin (continues) intracellular distribu­

tion, 110, 120 lymphonodes, 137-143 mammalian brain, 117-

121 medulla pons, 97-106 modulation, 97-106 neoplasms, 117, 121-

122, 235, 248 occupancy, 112 photoperiodic modula­

tion, 47-106 G-protein coupling, 85-

95 screening for, 122 signal transduction,

85-95 specificity, 109, 121-

123 testosterone modula­

tion, 97-106 biosynthesis, 148, 150,

151, 168 blood levels, 108, 131,

175 circadian rhythm, 60-66,

147-157, 166-169, 276-279, 281-292

in neoplasm, 247-259 circannual rhythm, 144-

155 concentration

in pineal, 137 in plasma, 137, 148,

149, 202, 203 and synaptic ribbons, 10 in gastrointestial tract,

129-133 hypnotic properties, 138,

198 immunomodulatory action,

112-114 oncostatic action, 233-

242, 249 and menstrual cycle, 285 pharmacological effects,

281-292 receptor, see binding

sites salivary levels and

light, 307-311 secretion, 15 serum level

in Acromegaly, 296-297 in cancer, 247-249, 276 in Cushing syndrome,

295-297

326

and light, 307-311 in old subjects, 297

in young subject, 297 sex specific facilitatory

effects, 263-271 sites of action, 89, 90 synthesis regulation, 47-

56 Met-enkaphalins

immunohistochemical de­tection, 15-22

and melatonin secretion, 15

substance P, release of, 22

Metergoline, 212-217 Methiothepin, 212-217 Methoxyindole, 140 Methoxyharmalan, 242 Methoxytriptamine, 140 Methoxytriptophan, 140 Methoxytryptophol, 35-46,

140, 241, 242 Methylcholanthrene, 244,

245 N-Methylnitrosurea, 233,

244 MF see·~gnetic field Microglial cells, 4, 123 Mole, pinealocyte, electron

density, 3 Monocytoma, 255 Mouse pinealocyte, electron

density, 3 Muscarinic cholinergic re­

ceptors, 40-42, 47-56

Muscimol, 212-217

NADH-oxidoreductase acti­vity, 173-179

Naloxone, 165, 166, 168, 170, 211

binding sites, 205 Naltrexone, 226 NAT seeN-acetyltransferase Natural Killer cells, 219,

256 NE see noradrenaline Neoplastic growth, 243-246 Neuroblastoma, 212 Neuropeptide Y, 27-29 Neurotransmitters, action

of melatonin, 67-77 NK see natural killer cells NMU see methylnitrosourea Noradrenaline, 20, 21, 48-

56, 57-66, 140, 167, 168, 170

colocalization with NPY, 29

release, 8, 21, 166

sympatetic, nerve fibers, 8

Norepinephrine see noradre­naline

NPY see neuropeptide Y NRT see thalamus, nuclei

reticulari

Oligodendrocytes, 4 Oncogenesis, 213-240

promotion phase, 234 Opiate

agonists, 212 antagonists, 212 receptors, 211 release, 166

Opiatergic mechanism, 143 Opiatergic pathways, 266 opioid peptides, 211, 225,

230 agonist, 205 antagonist, 170, 204 effects of, 205 and melatonin release,

166 Jl-receptors, 15

Optic nerve, 15 OT see oxytocin Ovarian carcinoma, 244 Oxotremorine, 40-46 Oxytocin, 154

P338 cells, 241, 242 Parachlorophenylalanine,

203, 282 Parenchimal cell tumors,

254 Pars tuberalis see pitui­

tary gland PBMC see peripheral blood

mononuclear cells Peptide histidine isoleu­

cine immunohisto­chemical detection, 27-29

Peptidergic nerve fibers, 28

Peptidergic pathways, 48 Perifusion technique, 67-77 Pheripheral blood mono-

nuclear cells, 211-217

PHA see phytoemoagglutinin PHI see peptide histidine

isoleucine Photoperiod, 2, 7, 148,

150, 153, 159, 191, 285

Photoreceptor cells, 1 Photosensitivity, 162

Phytohemoagglutinin, 212 Pilocarpine, 40-46 Pineal gland

N-acetyltransferase, 160, 161

action on immune respon­se, 63-66, 254

interleukin-2, 273-279 neoplastic growth, 243-

251, 253-261 comparative anatomy, 1-13

(see also Anatomy, comparative)

innervation, 15, 21, 27, 28, 67, 154, 168, 170 (see also In­nervation)

superoxide dismutase, 181 Pineal tumors, 254-256 Pinealectomy

and immune function, 281, 282

and interleukin-2 produc­tion, 219

and neoplastic growth, 243-251, 281

and oncogenesis, 234 Pinealoblastoma, 254 Pinealocytes, 1-13 Pinealocytomas, 254 Pinealomas, 254 Pinealopetal nerve fibers,

27 Pituitary adenoma

ACTH secreting, 294, 296 GH secreting, 294 and melatonin levels, 296

Pituitary gland and adrenal response,

263-271 and beta-endorphin rele­

ase, 170 POMC see proopiomelanocor­

tin Posterior commissure

opioidergic nerve fibers, 18, 21

Post-synaptic potential in­hibitory response, 194

PRL see prolactin Pro-enkephalin, derivati­

ves, detection, chromatographic analysis, radio­immunoassay, pineal gland, 15

Progesterone, 263-271 Prolactin, 263-271

action on:

327

immune system, 215 tumor growth, 244

serum levels, 254 Prolactinoma, 245 Proopiomelanocortin, 257 Propranolol, 8, 39, 40, 59,

167, 170, 202, 203, 220, 282

Prostatic adenoma, 256 Prostatic carcinoma, 245,

247 Prostatic hyperplasia, 247 G-proteins, 90, 91 PVT see hypothalamus, para­

ventricular nucleus

Quipazine, 212-217

Rabbit, pinealocyte dis­tribution, 3

Radioimmunoassay for ACTH, 294 for cortisol, 294 for growth hormone, 294 for melatonin, 20, 21,

294, 308 for pro-enkephalin

derivate, 15 for 6-sulfatoxymelatonin,

301, 302 Renal carcinoma, 273, 274 Reproductive system, 162,

191 Reserpine, 162 Retina, 7, 15, 142, 202 Rhythm autonomous in CNS,

197 RNA-polymerase II

activity, 138, 142, 143 synthesis, 140

Rodents thalamus, neuronal tra­

cing studies, 27 Rosette-like structures, 9

SCG see ganglia, superior cervical

SCN see suprachiasmatic nu­cleus

Scopolamine, 40-46 Seasonal rhythm, 159-163

and pineal volume, 2 and pineal weight, 2 pinealocyte organelles

size, 6 Serotonin, 4, 48, 57-66,

72-77, 79-84, 140, 170, 193

fibers, 67 receptors, 140

328

agonists, 32-40, 214 antagonists, 32-40

Serotoninergic antagonists, 214

Serotoninergic drugs, 214 Sex

and pineal volume, 2 and pineal weight, 2

Sheep, pineal gland, 2, 27-29

Sleep-wake cycle, 193, 282 Sodium valproate, 212, 213 SNAT see N-acetyltrasferase Spleen, morphology and lym-

phoprolipherative activity, 219-223

Squirrel, pineal gland, 2, 3

non-epiphyseal pigmented cells, 3

Streptavidin-biotin te­chnique, 16, 28

Stress, endocrine reactions to, 253

Stria medullaris thalami opioidergic nerve fibers,

18, 21 Substance P,

enkephalins, colocaliza­tion, 22

receptors, 47-56 6-Sulphatoxymelatonin, 301-

304 Sulpiride, 38-39, 301-304 Superoxide dismutase, 181-

184 Suprachiasmatic nucleus,

15, 17, 48, 57, 85-95, 119, 165, 196

Sympathectomy, bilateral, 8 Synaptic ribbons, 7-9, 16 Synaptic spherules, 9, 10

Tamoxifen, 233, 237 Teratoma, 254, 255 Testosterone, 264-271 TGF alfa see trasnforming

growth factors alfa TGF beta see trasforming

growth factors beta Thalamus,

nuclei, 193, 198 nuclei reticulari, 140 pattern, 198 pinealopetal fibers, 27

Thymus, 138 involution, 227 and pineal lymphoyd

tissue, 254 weight, 143, 227, 228

Thyroid stimulating hormo­ne, 263-271

Thyrotropin releasing hor­mone, 263-271

Transforming growth factor alfa, 238, 239

Trasforming growth factor beta, 277

TRH see thyrotropin relea­sing hormone

TSH see thyroid stimulating hormone

Vasoactive intestinal pep­tide, 20-22, 29, 47-56, 154

and N-acetyl-transferase, 21

function, 29 immunohistochemical de­

tection, 21 opioidergic neuropeptides

release of, 21-22 receptors, 47-56

Vasopressin, 154 VIP see vasoactive inte­

stinal peptide

Walker carcinoma, 254

Zeitgerbers, 159, 196, 283

Yoshida tumor, 246

329