CONTRACT TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS (PORTUGUESE < > ENGLISH) · 2015. 11. 20. · English whether or...

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CONTRACT TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS (PORTUGUESE < > ENGLISH) Marsel de Souza & Naomi Sutcliffe de Moraes 55th ATA Annual Conference, Chicago, November5-8, 2014 Marsel de Souza & Naomi de Moraes

Transcript of CONTRACT TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS (PORTUGUESE < > ENGLISH) · 2015. 11. 20. · English whether or...

Page 1: CONTRACT TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS (PORTUGUESE < > ENGLISH) · 2015. 11. 20. · English whether or not counterparts thereof are written and/or executed in any other language.

CONTRACT TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS

(PORTUGUESE < > ENGLISH)

Marsel de Souza & Naomi Sutcliffe de Moraes

55th ATA Annual Conference, Chicago, November5-8, 2014 Marsel de Souza & Naomi de Moraes

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AGREEMENT STRUCTURE

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Structure of an Agreement

� Title �  Introduction � Recitals � Body � Concluding clause

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Titles

� Contrato de Compra e Venda � Purchase Agreement

�  Instrumento de incorporação � Articles of incorporation

�  Instrumento de mandato � Power of attorney

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Introduction

This stock purchase agreement is dated December 1, 2013, and is between ACME PARENT, a Delaware corporation (hereinafter “Parent”), ACME SUB, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Acme Sub”) and CAT, L.P., a New York limited partnership (“CAT”).

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Recitals – Modern Style

On October 10, 2005, Acme Sub merged into Parent, becoming a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. Parent wishes to sell to CAT, and CAT wishes to purchase from Parent, certain shares of the capital stock of Parent. Parent, Acme Sub and CAT therefore agree as follows:

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Recitals – Old Style WITNESSETH WHEREAS, the Reinsurer and the Company have entered into that certain Quota Share Reinsurance Agreement (the "Original Agreement"), effective as of 12:01 a.m. on January 1, 2009 (the “Effective Date”);   WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 4.02 of the Original Agreement, the parties hereto wish to amend and restate the Original Agreement in its entirety in the manner set forth in this Agreement;   NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company and the Reinsurer hereby amend and restate the Original Agreement in its entirety as follows:

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FALSOS COGNATOS

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EFFECTIVE DATE TERM

�  This Agreement shall have a term of five years commencing from the Effective Date.

�  O presente Contrato terá vigência de cinco anos, a contar da Data de Entrada em Vigor.

�  O presente Contrato terá duração de cinco anos, a contar da Data de Início da Vigência.

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TO REPRESENT �  Each party represents and warrants that it is fully

authorized to enter into this Agreement.

�  Cada uma das partes declara e garante que está plenamente autorizada a celebrar o presente Contrato.

�  The lawyer represented the client in a claim...

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CONSTRUCTION TO EXECUTE

�  All questions of construction arising hereunder will be resolved by reference to the executed Agreement in English whether or not counterparts thereof are written and/or executed in any other language.

�  Todas as questões de interpretação a que este

Contrato der causa serão solucionadas em referência à versão do Contrato celebrado no idioma inglês, independentemente de existirem vias redigidas e/ou celebradas em qualquer outro idioma.

�  Construe vs. Construct Marsel de Souza & Naomi de Moraes

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AMENDMENT TO EXECUTE

�  Any amendments to this Agreement must be in writing and executed by both parties.

�  Quaisquer modificações neste Contrato deverão ser feitas por escrito e assinadas por ambas as partes.

�  Quaisquer alterações... e firmadas... �  Quaisquer aditamentos... e firmados...

�  Emenda è Constituição

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PROVISION �  The following provisions shall apply to the acquisition of

provisions and fuel:

�  Aplicar-se-ão as disposições a seguir à aquisição de provisões e combustível:

�  Aplicar-se-á o disposto a seguir...

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MATERIAL (adj.) �  Each Party may terminate this Agreement if the other

Party has breached a material provision of this Agreement, in particular if the breach has a material adverse effect on the other Party.

�  Qualquer uma das Partes poderá rescindir o presente Contrato se a outra Parte houver infringido uma disposição importante deste Contrato, sobretudo se a infração tiver um efeito adverso grave sobre a outra Parte.

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ACTUAL vs. PERCEIVED �  In the event of an actual or perceived breach of this

Agreement by either Party...

�  No caso de uma infração conhecida ou suspeita deste Contrato por qualquer das Partes...

�  ... infração real ou suspeita... �  ... infração efetiva ou suspeita... �  ... infração concreta ou suposta... �  ... infração de fato ou suposta...

�  No caso de uma infração ___ ou suspeita de infração... Marsel de Souza & Naomi de Moraes

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MODAL VERBS

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Modal verbs – shall, may, must

� Language of Performance ◦ Actions of parties concurrent with

signing � Language of Obligation ◦ Obligation imposed on subject of

sentence or other person � Language of Discretion ◦ Gives a party discretion to take or not

take a given action

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Language of Performance

Actions of parties concurrent with signing (simple present tense) �  the Company and the Reinsurer hereby

amend and restate the Original Agreement

�  the Company and the Reinsurer do hereby grant ...

�  the Company and the Reinsurer shall grant ...

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Language of Obligation - Shall

Obligation imposed on subject of sentence or other person (shall) � A ACME indicará um preposto para

representá-la... � ACME shall designate an agent to

represent it...

� Do not use “will” or “must” or “is obligated to”

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Language of Obligation - Shall

When the obligation is on the other person, use "shall" in passive or rewrite sentence O consultor será reembolsado por todas as despesas autorizadas � The Consultant shall be reimbursed

for all authorized expenses � The Company shall reimburse the

Consultant for all authorized expenses.

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Language of Obligation - Must

When a condition is involved, use "must" because "shall" is absolute, not dependent on something else In order to validly exercise an option, Acme must submit the option notice to Jones no later than 30 days after the option date.

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Language of Discretion - May

Gives a party discretion to take or not take a given action �  as partes poderão rescindir

imediatamente o Contrato... �  ...the parties may immediately terminate

the Agreement...

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TERMOS DESAFIADORES

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REASONABLE �  Upon reasonable notice, the requested Party must

provide such books and records...

�  A Parte solicitada deverá fornecer, com antecedência razoável, os referidos livros e registros...

�  Mediante aviso prévio, a Parte solicitada deverá fornecer os referidos livros e registros...

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REASONABLE �  Each Party agrees to take all reasonable steps to

prevent disclosure of Confidential Information to third parties.

�  Ambas as Partes comprometem-se a adotar todas as

medidas cabíveis para evitar a divulgação de Informações Confidenciais a terceiros.

�  ... medidas necessárias... �  ... devidas medidas... �  ... medidas de praxe... �  ... Medidas razoáveis...

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REASONABLY �  If reasonably requested by either party, Client will

appoint a representative to act as a liaison between the parties.

�  Caso seja justificadamente solicitado por qualquer das partes, o Cliente irá designar um representante para atuar como ponto de contato entre as partes.

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REASONABLY �  ACME may suspend provision of Services to Customer

without liability if ACME reasonably believes that the Services are being used by Customer in violation of this Agreement.

�  A ACME poderá suspender a prestação de Serviços ao Cliente, sem encargos, caso tenha motivos para acreditar que os Serviços estão sendo usados pelo Cliente contrariamente ao disposto neste Contrato.

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REPORT / REPORTING �  Loss Reporting – The Reinsured shall promptly give

written notice to the Reinsurer in the event of a loss...

�  Aviso de Sinistros – A Ressegurada notificará a Resseguradora de imediato, por escrito, caso ocorra um sinistro...

�  Notificação de Sinistros �  Comunicação de Sinistros

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REPORT / REPORTING �  Whereas, the United States of America enacted

provisions (...), which introduce a reporting regime for financial institutions with respect to certain accounts;

�  Considerando que os Estados Unidos da América adotaram disposições (...) que introduzem um regime de prestação de informações para as instituições financeiras em relação a determinadas contas;

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REPORT / REPORTING �  Foreign Travel Reporting Requirement – Within thirty

(30) days after returning from foreign travel, the Investigator shall submit an itemized report.

�  Obrigatoriedade de Prestação de Contas de Viagens ao Exterior – Dentro de 30 (trinta) dias após o retorno de uma viagem ao exterior, o Pesquisador deverá apresentar um relatório detalhado.

�  Within thirty (30) days… �  Dentro de 30 (trinta) dias...

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REPORT / REPORTING

�  Employee shall report any suspicious behavior patterns to higher ranked staff.

�  O Funcionário deverá denunciar quaisquer padrões de comportamento suspeitos a um funcionário hierarquicamente superior.

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TERMINATE / TERMINATION �  If the Agreement is terminated by either Party prior to

the termination date, the rate of exchange used shall be the Official Rate on the date of termination.

�  Se o Contrato for rescindido por qualquer das Partes antes da data de vencimento, a taxa de câmbio adotada será a Taxa Oficial à data da rescisão.

�  ...antes da data de expiração... �  ...antes da data de término...

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TERMINATE / TERMINATION �  WHEREAS, Employee’s employment with the Company

will be terminated; (...)

�  Employee will be terminated from all offices and positions of employment with the Company...

�  Considerando que o vínculo empregatício do Funcionário com a Empresa será rescindido/cessado; (...)

�  O Funcionário será desligado de todos os cargos e funções da Empresa...

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ANY �  “Reinsurance Compensation” shall mean any amounts in

respect of any Insurance Compensation less any amounts recovered and payments from third parties, including any amounts recovered from any other reinsurers, whether collected or not.

�  O termo “Indenização de Resseguro” refere-se a quaisquer importâncias relativas a todas as Indenizações de Resseguro, deduzidas quaisquer importâncias recuperadas e pagamentos de terceiros, inclusive eventuais importâncias recuperadas de ___ outras resseguradoras, independentemente de terem sido cobradas ou não.

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TIME EXPRESSIONS

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Time Expressions - Prazo

Prazo = term � prazo fixo è fixed term � prazo de arrendamento è lease term

Prazo = period � prazo de carência è grace period �  limitado a um prazo máximo de 3 meses.

limited to a maximum period of 3 months.

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Time Expressions - Prazo Prazo = duration � …durante o prazo de vigência do vínculo

empregatício… � …for the duration of the employment

relationship…

Prazo = deadline � O descumprimento de qualquer dos prazos

previstos ... �  Failure to meet any of the deadlines

stipulated...

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Time Expressions - Prazo Prazo = within •  ...sanado no prazo de 30 dias após o

recebimento da notificação... •  ...corrected within 30 days of receiving

notice...

•  ...poderá, no prazo referido acima... •  ...may, within the time frame cited

above...

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Time Expressions

�  antecedência mínima de 30 dias �  at least 30 days in advance

� por tempo ilimitado �  for an unlimited time period / period of

time.

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EXPRESSÕES PADRONIZADAS

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EXPRESSÕES PADRONIZADAS …unless otherwise agreed by the parties…

…salvo acordo em contrário pelas partes…

…unless otherwise specified…

salvo especificação em contrário…

…unless otherwise required by law…

…salvo determinação em contrário da legislação…

…unless otherwise provided by law…

…salvo disposição em contrário da legislação…

…unless otherwise noted… …salvo indicação/observação em contrário…

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EXPRESSÕES PADRONIZADAS including, but not limited to, environmental studies, environmental impact statements,…

inclusive, entre outros, estudos ambientais, declarações de impacto ambiental,... inclusive, por exemplo,...

Either Party may, at its sole discretion, elect to...

Qualquer uma das Partes poderá, a seu exclusivo critério, optar por...

…no later than 15 days following the date…

...impreterivelmente até 15 dias (a contar) da data... ...no mais tardar 15 dias (a contar) da data...

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EXPRESSÕES CONSAGRADAS Notwithstanding the foregoing...

Não obstante o exposto acima... Não obstante o disposto acima... Não obstante o referido acima...

...in the event of default by ACME ...should ACME default…

...em caso de inadimplência da ACME... ...na eventualidade de inadimplência da ACME...

...without prejudice to the rights...

...sem prejuízo dos direitos...

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BOILERPLATES & CONCLUDING CLAUSE

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Boilerplate Clauses CLÁUSULA YYY - FORO

As Partes elegem o Foro Central da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, como o único competente para dirimir as questões decorrentes deste Contrato, em renúncia a qualquer outro, por mais privilegiado que seja.

YYY – VENUE

The Parties elect the Central Court of the city of Rio de Janeiro as the only court with jurisdiction to resolve issues arising from this Agreement, to the exclusion of all others, no matter how privileged.

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Boilerplate Clauses �  Foro / Venue � Rescisão / Rescission or Termination or

Cancellation � Vigência / Term � Mediation �  Invalidade; Ineficácia / Invalidity � Renúncia aos direitos / Waiver of breach Collect and paste them into a Word

file for reference

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Concluding Clause E, por estarem assim justas e contratadas, as Partes assinam este instrumento em 02 (duas) vias de mesma forma e conteúdo.   Modern style: The parties hereto are executing two (2) identical copies of this Agreement.   Old style: IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto are executing this Agreement in two (2) equal counterparts.

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QUESTÕES ESTILÍSTICAS

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REDAÇÃO DISTINTIVA �  “Chain of Custody” means the channel through which

products are distributed from their origin in the forest to their end use.

�  O termo “Cadeia de Custódia” significa o canal de distribuição dos produtos desde sua origem na floresta até o uso final.

�  O termo “Cadeia de Custódia” refere-se ao... �  O termo “Cadeia de Custódia” indica... �  Entende-se por “Cadeia de Custódia” o canal...

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REDAÇÃO DISTINTIVA

�  The Licence will not come into force until payment of the Fee.

�  A Licença não entrará em vigor até o pagamento da Taxa.

�  A Licença somente entrará em vigor após o pagamento da Taxa.

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NOMES DE INSTITUIÇÕES / LEIS

�  Pursuant to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Rule 431 and the Securities Act, this Agreement is entered into by...

�  De acordo com a Norma 431 da Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (Agência de Regulação do Setor Financeiro) e com o disposto na Securities Act (Lei dos Valores Mobiliários), o presente Contrato é celebrado por...

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REFERENCES �  Adams, Kenneth A. Legal Usage in Drafting Corporate Agreements.

Quorum Books, 2001. �  Castro, Marcílio Moreira de. Dicionário de Direito, Economia e

Contabilidade. 4° ed. Ed. Forense, 2013. �  Código Civil Brasileiro, 2002. �  Fonseca, Luciana Carvalho. Inglês Jurídico. Editora Lexema. 1ª edição,

2014. �  Garner, Bryan A. Black's Law Dictionary, 8th ed. 2004. �  Garner, Bryan A. A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage, 2nd ed. Oxford

University Press, 1995. �  Mello, Maria Chaves de. Dicionário Jurídico. 9ª edição. Editora

Método, 2009. �  Soares dos Santos, Agenor. Guia Prático de Tradução Inglesa. Edição

revista e ampliada. Elsevier Editora, 2007

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THANK YOU! OBRIGADO!

[email protected]

[email protected]

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