Continental Coastal Interactions: Integration of models across terrestrial, inland water, and...
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Transcript of Continental Coastal Interactions: Integration of models across terrestrial, inland water, and...
Continental Coastal Interactions: Integration of models across terrestrial,
inland water, and coastal ocean ecosystems for diagnosis, attribution, and management of carbon processes
Breakout 2
Chairs: Paul del Giorgio (Université du Québec à Montréal)
Steve Lohrenz (UMass Dartmouth)
Objective
• Examine approaches for coupling terrestrial, inland water, and coastal ocean ecosystem models and their utility for assessment and prediction of carbon cycle exchanges and their relationships to human activities and climate-related forcing
Guiding questions
1) What is the state-of-the-art for models characterizing the dynamics of carbon (storage, emissions and export) in terrestrial, inland water and coastal environments?
2) Can current budgeting gaps and uncertainties be addressed by integrating the terrestrial and aquatic components of the landscapes?
3) Where are the critical interfaces among the different models for terrestrial, inland water and coastal ecosystems, and what are potential strategies for integrating modeling efforts across these boundaries?
Short presentations
• Proposed “intensive” Gulf study presented by Ken Davis – deployment of a network of towers
• Comparison of terrestrial models by Hanqin Tian – DLEM, SPARROW, SWAT, NEWS
• Boreal lake carbon processes and upscaling of aquatic carbon cycles – Paul del Giorgio
• Relative importance of the potential fates of NEE in boreal aquatic systems - Yves Prairie
Modeling
• Complexity of processes governing lateral fluxes of DOC, DIC and POC and other constituents
• Still very few models that incorporate lateral fluxes in an explicit manner
• Varying degrees of grid/resolution and types of variables
• Not only amount of carbon but also the nature of carbon that enters aquatic systems and is ultimately transported downstream and to ocean/coastal environments
Conceptual Model of DLEM
Coupling of biogeochemical and hydrological cycles (C,N,P,H2O) in DLEM
Tian et al., poster 241
Approach: SABGOM
Hoffman et al., Ann. Rev., 2011;Fennel et al., 2011 and in prep.He et al., poster 242
• Lack of accounting for aquatic carbon processes in terrestrial ecosystem models
Boreal northern Quebec
Landscape driversWatershed size, cover, slope
Scaling lake CO2 emissions fluxes
Lake driversDOC, production, morphometry
Lake pCO2
CO2 flux
Physical drivers of gas exchange (K)
Geographic configuration
Total lake CO2 emissions
Climate
Where does terrestrial NEE go?
Terrestrial NEE
Increase in biomass
Soil C accumulation
Lateral transport(DIC, PIC, DOC, POC) ?
Tidal wetlands Estuaries Continental shelf
NPP Degassing
Burial
River input
BPP
Air-water exchange
POC export
The carbon cycle of the coastal ocean
POCDOC
DIC
Respiration (R)
Resuspension
NPP, R
NPP, R
POCDOC
DIC
Sediments
Advective exchange
Open Ocean
Najjar et al. plenary presentation
Conclusions• Extremely valuable dialogue between the terrestrial, aquatic and
coastal disciplines • Key point – if you manage carbon in one space it can have
“downstream” impacts• Need to be able to propagate the impacts of lateral transport of
carbon and other materials to the coastal areas receiving the materials
• Need to account for not only the amounts but also the nature of carbon and other components
• Inland waters are a continuation of terrestrial carbon processes and are integrally coupled
• Fluxes mediated by inland waters are regionally significant• Better understanding of these processes across different sectors can
help each of us do a better job of constraining estimates within specific ecosystem types