ConTenTs · 2014. 7. 2. · ChapTer 1 | Introduction Datafile Timeline april 18, 1983 Bomb explodes...
Transcript of ConTenTs · 2014. 7. 2. · ChapTer 1 | Introduction Datafile Timeline april 18, 1983 Bomb explodes...
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ConTenTs
Chapter 1 | Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Chapter 2 | The Munich Massacre, 1972 . . . . . . . . 8
Chapter 3 | Sara Jane Olson: A Secret Life . . . . . . 16
Chapter 4 | Achille Lauro, 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Chapter 5 | Unabomber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Chapter 6 | Oklahoma City Bombing, 1995 . . . . . . 44
Chapter 7 | September 11, 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Chapter 8 | London Bombing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Chapter 9 | Madrid Subway Bombing . . . . . . . . . . 70
Chapter 10 | Oslo Killings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
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ChapTer 1 | Introduction
DatafileTimeline
april 18, 1983
Bomb explodes at the US Embassy in Beirut.
october 23, 1983
Bomb explodes at US Marine Barracks in Beirut.
Where is Beirut?
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5
Did You Know?
The word “terrorism” was first used during
the French Revolution (1789–1799). The
years 1783–1784 were called the Reign
of Terror.
Key Terms
hijack — to take control of a car, bus, plane, or
train, etc., by force
hostage — a person held against his or her will by
a terrorist
terrorism — using force or threats against people
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ChapTer 1 | Introduction
Some disasters happen by accident. But terror-
ists destroy things on purpose. And that’s when loss
of life is most cruel.
Thousands died in terror attacks on the World
Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11,
2001. It was the deadliest terror disaster in history.
What is terrorism?
Terrorism is violence against normal people. It
is not the same as war. Terrorists do not belong to
a country’s armed forces. They don’t often act for
any one country.
Most terror groups are small. Only a few peo-
ple may be involved in any one attack. They hijack
planes. They hold people hostage. They threaten to
kill hostages, and sometimes do.
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They explode bombs. They destroy property
and kill people. Many times, families and children
are the victims.
Terror groups want to scare people. They do this
to get power. Sometimes they have a goal in mind.
They may want to free others who are in prison.
Some think that they are helping others by kill-
ing. They call themselves “freedom fighters.” They
say they are fighting for freedom. But they are
spreading pain.
The United States and others around the world
are working to stop terror so people can live in
peace and without fear of attack.
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ChapTer 2 | The Munich Massacre, 1972
DatafileTimeline
september 5, 1972
Terrorists kill 11 Israeli athletes at the Olympic
Games in Munich.
november 1972
Richard M. Nixon, 37th president of the United
States, is elected to serve a second term.
Where is Munich?
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Did You Know?
Abu Daoud planned the 1972 Munich ter-
ror attack. In 1981, he was shot six times
in an assassination attempt. He died on
July 3, 2010.
Key Terms
grenade — a small bomb often thrown by hand
mastermind — a clever person who plans and
directs a group project
Palestinians — citizens of Palestine, a region
west of the Jordan River at the eastern end of the
Mediterranean Sea. Palestine existed as a British
mandated territory from 1917 until Israel was
founded in 1948.
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ChapTer 2 | The Munich Massacre, 1972
The Olympic Games stand for good will among
all people and nations. Millions watch the games on
TV. People enjoy seeing athletes from all over the
world compete.
But the 1972 games were different. The TV
image many recall is not of an athlete with a gold
medal. It is of a terrorist in a ski mask with a gun.
september 5, 1972
At about 4:30 a.m., five men climbed a fence
into the Olympic Village. Three more men were
already inside. They knocked on the door of Isra-
el’s wrestling coach. When the door opened, they
rushed in.
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The wrestling coach and a weightlifter tried to
block the door. This helped others to escape. But
the two brave men were killed.
Nine Israelis were taken hostage. The men who
took the athletes said that they were Palestinians.
They demanded that Israel release more than 200
Arabs from prison.
They said they would kill the Israeli athletes if
their demand was not met. The men also wanted a
plane to fly them out of Germany.
Many tense hours passed. Then, it was agreed
that a bus would take the men and hostages to a
helicopter. The helicopter would fly them to an air
base. A plane would be waiting. The plane would
fly everyone to Cairo, Egypt.
But the German police had another plan. They
thought they might be able to shoot the terrorists at
the airport.
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There was a bloody gun battle. They killed the
five terrorists who had jumped the fence. However,
they didn’t know that there were really eight.
At first, people thought the hostages were safe.
But the news reports were too early. The hostages
were still in the helicopters.
A terrorist pulled a grenade. He used it to blow
up one of the helicopters. Another terrorist shot the
hostages on the other helicopter. All were killed.
A German policeman died. The three terrorists
who were left alive were captured.
The Games Go on
The next day, there was a special service for
the 11 victims. The games were put off for one day.
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