CONTENTS

1. Orthodox Church1. Orthodox Church

2. Buddhist Temple2. Buddhist Temple

3. Mosque3. Mosque

4. Synagogue4. Synagogue

5. Curiosity5. Curiosity

ORTHODOX CHURCH

ChristianityChristianityRoman Catholic, Church Greco Catholic 

  

Protestant Reformation  

  

Orthodox

 

How does Orthodox Church look like?

Orthodox church is build on acclivity. This is a building on a cruciform, circular or rectangle plan. Temples have got a lot of domes which symbolize heaven. Different numbers of domes mean different things, for example 1 dome symbolizes the only God, 7 domes - seven sacraments, 33 domes mean years of Christ’s life.

Inside they are divided into:• Porch,• Main nave (pews are under walls),• Iconostasis (in front of the altar.) ,,Iconostasis” means ,,Icon-stand” and it can be as simple as a large image of Christ on the right and a corresponding image of Virgin and Child on the left),• Altar (the most sacred place, turns to eastern direction because they believe that east represents a paradise. On the altar there are throne, sacrificial table and a place for coadjutor).

WHAT ARE THE MAIN SYMBOLS IN ORTHODOX CHURCH?

The most important symbol of this religion is

e

ight – arm cross. The top beam, also seen on the

Patrialchal cross, represents the plaque bearing

Pontius Pilate’s inscription „Jesus the

Nazorean, King of the Jews”.

The lower beam represents a foot – support and

began appearing in Eastern Chrisitian art in the 6th

century. The purpose of the suppendaneum was

to support the weight of the body.

We do not know whether such a device existed on Jesus’s cross. A popular interpretation of the slanted suppedaneum is to symbolize a balance –scale showing the good thief St. Dismas,having accepted Christ, would ascend to heaven, while the thiefwho mocked Jesus would descend to hell. With this,the Cross is a balance –scale of justice.

HOW SHOULD YOU BEHAVE IN ORTHODOX TEMPLE?

1

.Holy Communion should be administered into the mouth.

2

. We maintain respect for all.

3

. Attract men in a church hat, no chewing gum and talking loudly.

4

. You can never take communion in orthodox because it would mean

a change religion.

5

. Rules of behavior are similar as in Catholic Church.

WHAT IS THE CENTRAL PLACE IN ORTHODOX CHURCH?

The most

important

place is the

altar and

behind there

is the wall of

the icons.

HOW DO PEOPLE PRAY?

The bulk of Sunday Masses are The bulk of Sunday Masses are

involved and people even like to go to involved and people even like to go to

church because the church is a place of church because the church is a place of

socializing with neighbours and friends. socializing with neighbours and friends.

Worship services are celebrated for Worship services are celebrated for

quite a while (about 3 hours) and few quite a while (about 3 hours) and few

people remain in the temple all the people remain in the temple all the

time. time.

TT

he faithful come out during he faithful come out during

the Mass, to cut a chat the Mass, to cut a chat

with friends outside the with friends outside the

church, then come back or church, then come back or

not - depending on your not - depending on your

mood. People pray mood. People pray

standing.standing.

BUDDHIST TEMPLE

HOW DOES BUDDHIST TEMPLE LOOK LIKE?

Buddhist temple is a building on an Buddhist temple is a building on an axial and symmetricaxial and symmetric plan plan. Buildings are . Buildings are constructed on a simple axis from the constructed on a simple axis from the north to the south. north to the south.

The Temple consists of The Temple consists of the main gate-Samon, the main gate-Samon, Buddha’s hall-Butsudem Buddha’s hall-Butsudem and pavilion and pavilion ffor Buddhist monks . or Buddhist monks . Every building has a separate courtEvery building has a separate court. .

In reality, main buildings are surrounded by other buildings. For example, a bridge above the stream or a pond which symbolizes passage between our world to Budda’s World. In a court grows a fig aśwattha because Buddha meditated under such tree.

The important building is Budda’s hall.This pavilion has got the front door and the rear door. There are 12 pillars and 11 statues of Buddha. Inside there are golden jewels and flowers.

WHAT ARE THE MAIN SYMBOLS IN BUDDHISM?

1.Bindu - a dot

on the forehead

2 Lotus Flower

– symbolizes the

purity of heart

and mind.

3.Wheel of Dharma - the circle of life and learning. It symbolizes the Eighfold Path: right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration.

4.Swastika - the symbol most commonly associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazis while in Asia it's commonly used symbol of good luck and prosperity.

HOW SHOULD YOU BEHAVE IN BUDDHIST

TEMPLE?

1. Before entering the temple your shoes must be off.

2. Inside you should be dressed modestly.

3. After entry perform three obeisances towards the altar,

and if the Lama is seated on the throne - then we bow in

front of him.

4. We offer lighted lamps, incenses lamps.

5. To meditate, we sit on the floor with your legs crossed.

6.Bow your head and pay respect to the temple and the Buddha statues.7.Do not point at Buddha statues, Monks, Nuns with your feet.8.Keep your head below Buddha statues, images, honorable Monks and Nuns.9.Do not touch (especially on the head) Buddha statues, images, Monks, Nuns and elders.10.Refrain from pubic displays of affection.

WHAT IS THE CENTRAL PLACE?

The central

place in

Buddhist

temple is

Stupa. In this

place are kept

Buddha’s

relic.

HOW DO PEOPLE PRAY?

Most of them sit on the floor with their legs

crossed towards the altar or Lama.

B

uddhists don’t pray to a Creator God, but

they do have meditation practices which

could be compared to praying. Buddhist

meditation is fundamentally concerned with

two themes: transforming the mind and

using it to explore itself and other

phenomena.

Tibetans pray in a special way. They believe that when certain sounds and words, called mantras, are said many times, they arouse good vibrations within the person. If a mantra is repeated often enough it can open up the mind to a consciousness which is beyond words and thoughts.

MOSQUE

HOW DOES MOSQUE LOOK LIKE? Mosque this is a

building on a rectangle plan with domes, arcades and pillars. Next to the main building there are tall

towers-minarets.

The minarets were

mostly used to call believers to prayer as it was

the highest point of the

mosque more people would be able to hear.

The most important room

is a prayer hall.

In this place Muslims

pray to Allah.

In a prayer hall there

aren’t pews

or pictures of Saints. The

only

ornaments are verses of

Koran.

WHAT ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT SYMBOLS?

1.An appropriate symbol of Islam is the shahada

written in black letters on white background or

white letters on a black background.

2. Much more often, however, as a symbol of Islam is treated a crescent (Arabic - Hilal).3. The basis of the faith of Islam is its Holy Book, the Koran, which contains all the major doctrinal principles of the religion.

HOW SHOULD YOU BEHAVE?

1. Before entering the carpets'

Mosque, please remove your shoes.

2. Inside you should be dressed

modestly.

3. Women should have a head

covering (bandana) and covered

shoulders.

4. A dress or skirt should reach at

least the knees.

WHAT IS THE CENTRAL PLACE?

The central place in the Mosque is mimbar - pulpit and a traditional mihrab, which indicates the direction to Mecca.

HOW DO PEOPLE PRAY?

A Call is made from the mosque,

indicating that it is time for the obligatory

prayer. There are five obligatory prayers

in a day. On hearing the Call, people start

preparing themselves for the prayer.

The faithful kneel and touch the carpet with

their forehead.

MUSLIMS PRAY TO ONE GOD WITHOUT ASSOCIATING ANY PARTNERS WITH HIM. THEY PRAY FACING THE

HOLY MOSQUE IN THE CITY OF MECCA. FACING THIS MOSQUE IS SIMPLY FOR UNIFORMITY AND

HOMOGENEITY IN THE PRAYERS OF ALL MUSLIMS AROUND THE WORLD AND NOT AS AN ACT

OF WORSHIP TO THE MOSQUE ITSELF.

While standing, the first chapter of the Koran is recited.

“In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds. Most Gracious, Most Merciful. Master of the Day of Judgment. Thee (alone) we worship and Thee (alone) we ask for help. Show us the straight path. The path of those whom Thou hast favoured; Not the (path) of those who earn Thine anger nor of those who go astray.” (1:1-1:7)

After the first chapter, any other passage from the Koran is recited.

While bowingMuslims then bow to God and glorify Him. This glorification can be translated as follows.

“Glory be to my Lord, the Almighty.”

While ProstratingTo express complete submission and humility before God, Muslims then prostrate and place their foreheads on the ground. According to the prophetic traditions, at this moment of humility, the worshipper is the closest to his/her Lord. While prostrating, Muslims glorify God as follows.

“Glory be to my Lord, the most High.”

While sittingIn the end Muslims sit. At this point they testify before God that there is none worthy of worship but Him and that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger. Muslims then ask God to send His peace and blessings on His Messenger Muhammad as He did on Prophet Abraham.

At the very end, Muslims turn their face to the right and the left, sending God’s Peace on those surrounding them.

SYNAGOGUE

HOW DOES SYNAGOGUE LOOK LIKE?

Synagogue means the home of God or the

house of meeting. From outside a synagogue

doesn’t differ much from other buildings in

town. Every model of the temple resembles the

First Jerusalem’s Temple. The building is divided

into two parts: Downstairs there is a place for

men and upstairs on the balcony there is a

place for women. Men and women sit separately

in synagogues to avoid "inappropriate" behaviors

.

Walls and pillars are decorated with a stucco. This is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. The stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture.

WHAT ARE THE MAIN SYMBOLS?

Menorah – symbolizes the ideal of universal

enlightenment. The seven branches allude to the

branches of human knowledge, represented by the

central lamp. The Menorah also symbolises the

creation in seven days, with the centre light

representing the Sabbath.

2. Star of David – six points represent God’s absolute rule over the universe in all six directions: north ,south , east, west, up and down. People also believe that the triangles represent humanity’s dual nature – good and evil – and that the star could be used as a protection against evil spirits.

HOW SHOULD YOU BEHAVE?

1. Worship the cross and pray with the Jews in the synagogue with the adopted headgear.

2. Maintain respect for all.

3. Attract men in a church hat, not chewing gum and not talking loudly.

4. Women and men may be asked to move to their designated sectors or parts of the synagogue.

5. Both men and women should be modestly dressed. Men should have special caps – yarmulka , women musn’t have naked arms.6. Everyone can participate in worship.7. Do not visit the synagogue during prayers.

WHAT IS THE CENTRAL PLACE?

The central place in the temple is Bimah. It is the elevated

area or a platform in a Jewish synagogue which is intended to

serve the place where the person reading aloud from the Torah

stands during the Torah reading service. Behind the Bimah there

is the most important place in synagogue –

The Torah Ark or Ark in a synagogue

(Jewish house of worship).

It is generally a receptacle, or ornamental closet, which contains each synagogue's Torah scrolls (Sifrei Torah in Hebrew). In most cases, when possible, the ark is located on the wall of the synagogue closest to Jerusalem. This place resembles Jews gate to heaven.

HOW DO PEOPLE PRAY?

People meet not only for prayer, but also to talk

and discuss. The Jews attend synagogue several times

a day. Their religion is a bit different than ours. The

duty of every Jew is a prayer - it takes place several

times during the day, in a certain place, in a

certain way. For such a prayer they must be prepared.

To recite the traditional prayers ten men are needed.

CURIOSITY

ORTHODOX

Priests can get married.

Their book is Bible.

They pray kneeling and standing.

The Orthodox must pray three

times a day.

MUSLIMS

They pray five times a day. They think

that you should say your prayers in a

sincere way and you should believe fully.

You should pray for other people. If you

want to go to mosque, you must leave

your shoes outside.

THE FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM

1. Publicly proclaim the confession of faith.

2. To pray five times a day.

3.Give alms to the poor.

4. By a month of fasting from dawn to sunset.

5. At least once in a lifetime pilgrimage to

Mecca.

BUDDISM

Buddha is not only the founder of

Buddhism,

but we call a Buddha

every person who

has reached Nirvana.

GRAPH :RELIGION IN THE WORLD

Orthodox

Buddism

Muslim

Jewish

Building

Orthodox Church

Buddist Temple

Mosque Synagogue

God Jesus Christ

Buddha Allah Jahwe

Priests Orthodox priest (pops)

Monks  Caliphs Rabbi

Holy Book

The Bible

- The Koran

The Torah

THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONATTENTION

Made by:Made by:Alicja NogalaAlicja NogalaBarbara Barbara MamońMamońIzabela Izabela RyszkaRyszka