The contemporary age

From Primo de Rivera to Franco

Dictatorship of Primo de RiveraWho was the king of Spain at the beginning of the 20th century?

At the beginning of the 20th century Alfonso 13 was king of Spain.

What were the reasons for the unhappiness of the Spanish population with the government?

The reasons for the unhappiness of the Spanish population with the government were the lost of the last Spanish colonies in Cuba and the Philippines in 1898. Spain was also defeated in the war with Morocco.

Look for a map in which you can see Cuba, another one with the Philippines and a third one with Morocco.

Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera

Look for a definition, apart from the one that is in the book, for the word coup d'état.

A sudden and decisive action in politics resulting in a change of government illegally or by force.

In what year did he become a dictator? Name some of the things that changed once he took the power. When did he quit?

He took advantage of the unhappiness of the population and led a coup in 1923. He assumed all the powers of the state, abolished the constitution and banned political parties. The dictator quit in 1930.

Spanish Second republic In what year was the republic proclaimed? Why do we say "Second" republic?

The second republic was proclaimed in 1931. We say "second" because there was a republic previously in 1873.

Write some of the reforms implemented during this period.

Some of the reforms were : a new constitution, women suffrage( the right for women to vote), new state schools were built, the first statutes of autonomy, land was divided among the peasants, salaries were raised and the army was reformed.

Spanish Second republic Who became the first president of this new period?

The first president of this new period was Niceto Alcalá Zamora. Months later, Manuel Azaña became president.

Look for a photograph showing: the republican flag (bandera), the republican coat of arms (escudo)

In what year were women aloud to vote for the first time in Spanish history?

They were aloud to vote in 1931, when this right was recognized in the Constitution of 1931

The Spanish civil war What happened the 18th July 1936?

General Francisco Franco led a coup against the republican government.

What were the two groups that were fighting?

The two groups were the republicanos and the nacionales .

When did the war end?

The war ended in 1939

Groups support

Republicanos

Nacionales

International support

International support

The dictatorship of General Franco

Write some of the characteristics of the new period.

Some of the characteristics were that there was no constitution and there was just one political party and labour union. Many individual liberties were restricted such as freedom of expression or freedom to leave the country, political parties were illegal.

The dictatorship of General Franco

We have studied that the dictatorship can be divided into two periods. Mention them and write some characteristics.

The first years were difficult. Franco repressed the republicans: they were arrested or killed. Other republicans left Spain and were exiled (exiliados) from Spain. Spain was internationally isolated and the population was very poor and there was a lack (falta, ausencia) of food. Around 1950, the economy improved and relations with other countries returned to normal. The way of life for the population improved a little bit more. However, there was still no democracy.

FRANCO died the 20th of November 1975 and the dictatorship ended.

Franco's dictatorship symbols

THREE DIFFERENT FLAGS THROUGHOUT THE 20TH CENTURY

State flag of the Second Spanish

Republic

Flag of Spain under Franco

The current flag of Spain