Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary...
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Transcript of Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary...
![Page 1: Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary by Erica Hunter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072109/56649d145503460f949e8b50/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Contagious yawning and the brain
Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed,
Gordon G. Gallup Jr.
A summary by Erica Hunter
![Page 2: Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary by Erica Hunter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072109/56649d145503460f949e8b50/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Background
• Empathic modeling hypothesis– Primitive expression of cognitive processes
involved in self awareness and theory of mind– Seeing someone yawn activates a system that is
also involved in consciously modeling other aspects of interpersonal mentality.
• Innate mirror neuron system– Automatically synchronizing own behaviours with
others’
How to test these? - Explore the neural correlates of contagious yawning when compared to laughing!
![Page 3: Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary by Erica Hunter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072109/56649d145503460f949e8b50/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Hypothesis
• Viewing someone yawn will result in significant activation in right prefrontal substrates and midline cortical structures
![Page 4: Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary by Erica Hunter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072109/56649d145503460f949e8b50/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Experimental Design
1. Use fMRI to measure BOLD responses while volunteers watch and respond to videos of people yawning and laughing.
2. Compare BOLD responses1. Yawn vs laugh; laugh vs yawn2. Yawn vs baseline; laugh vs baseline
Laughing = control (similar face and mouth movements; also contagious)
![Page 5: Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary by Erica Hunter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072109/56649d145503460f949e8b50/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Results and Discussion
When contrasting yawn minus laugh…
• Unique neural substrates • Bilateral posterior cingulate
& precuneus – Self-referent processing– Retrieval of autobiographical
memories
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Supports EMPATHIC MODELING HYPOTHESIS!
![Page 6: Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary by Erica Hunter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072109/56649d145503460f949e8b50/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Weaknesses and Confounds
• Small sample size
• Volunteer college students
The next step: Toddlers and contagious yawning - Why not?
![Page 7: Contagious yawning and the brain Steven M. Platek, Feroze B. Mohamed, Gordon G. Gallup Jr. A summary by Erica Hunter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072109/56649d145503460f949e8b50/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
References
• Platek, S. M., Mohamed, F. B., Gallup, G. G. Jr. (2005) Contagious yawning and the brain. Cognitive Brain Research, 23: 448-452. Doi:
• Anderson, J. R. and Meno, P. (2003) Psychological influences on yawning in children. Behaviour, Brain, and Cognition, 11(2): 2-7. Retrieved from http://cpl.revues.org/index390.html